S E C T I O N V I I I

A B B R E V I A T I O N S O F

P O L Y M E R N A M E S

A. Introduction VIII-1B. Abbreviations in Alphabetical Order VIII-2C. Abbreviations and Acronyms Based on

Poly(monomer) Names VIII-15D. Abbreviations for Polymers Named After a

Characteristic Polymer Croup VIII-17E. Abbreviations for Polymers Produced by

Chemical Transformation of Other Polymers VIII-18F. Abbreviations for Blends, Reinforced

Polymers, etc. VIII-19G. ISO Codes for Thermoplastic Materials VIII-19

1. Codes for ISO Data Blocks 1-5 VIII-191.1. ISO and DlN Codes for Data

Block 1 VIII-191.2. ISO Codes for Items in Data

Block 2 VHI-201.3. ISO Codes for Items in Data

Block 3 VHI-201.4. ISO Codes for Extending and

Reinforcing Fillers (Data Block 4) VIII-201.5. ISO Codes for Data Block 5 VIII-21

H. SPI Codes for the Recycling of Plastics VIII-21I. Recommended Abbreviations and Acronyms

for Names of Elastomers VIII-21J. Abbreviations for Textile Fibers VIII-22

A. INTRODUCTION

Abbreviations and acronyms for the names of thermo-plastics, thermosets, fibers, elastomers, and additives havebeen proposed by many national and international organi-zations. Some of these abbreviations were introduced bylaw, others are trademarks in certain countries. As a result,the same abbreviation is often used for different polymers.The same polymer may also have different abbreviations oracronyms. Furthermore, some abbreviations refer tochemical compounds (IUPAC) whereas abbreviationsrecommended by ASTM, BS, DIN, and ISO usually referto plastics, fibers, elastomers, etc., that are based on thecorresponding polymers, i.e., polymers plus additives,modifiers, fillers, etc.

The following tables report abbreviations either found inthe scientific or technical literature or recommended orproposed by the organizations listed below. Note that * and** are part of the recommended ASTM abbreviations andacronyms and not symbols for footnotes.

ANSI/ASTM American National Standards Institute(ASTM D 1600-75; D 1600-86a; D1418-77)

ASTM American Society for Testing of Materials(ASTM D 1600-64; D 1600-86a; D1418-67; D 4020-81)

BS British Standards (Standard 3502-1862)DIN German Industrial Standard (DIN 7723,

7728, 16913, 55950, 60001)EDV Data processing key of the European

Textile Characterization LawEC European CommunityISO International Organization for Standardi-

zation (ISO 1043-1980, 1629-1980)IUPAC International Union for Pure and Applied

Chemistry [Pure Appl Chem., 18, 583(1969); 40, 473 (1974); 59, 691 (1987)]

WTR Working Group Toxicology of RubberAuxiliaries

Section B lists, in alphabetical order, the abbreviations andacronyms for thermoplastics, thermosets, fibers, elastomers,and additives. Sections C and D list the abbreviations forpolymers, based on their monomeric units and character-istic groups, respectively. Section E contains abbreviationsand acronyms for polymers obtained by chemical transfor-mation of base polymers. Section F contains specialabbreviations for blends, reinforced polymers, etc., andSection G the ISO and DIN codes for plastics. Section Hlists the special abbreviations connected with the recyclingof plastics. Recommended abbreviations and acronyms forelastomers and fibers are given in Sections I and J,respectively.

The material presented has been reproduced (with smallcorrections and additions) with the permission of thefollowing publishers:

A b b r e v i a t i o n s f o r T h e r m o p l a s t i c s , T h e r m o s e t s ,

F i b e r s , E l a s t o m e r s , a n d A d d i t i v e s

Hans-G. EliasMichigan Molecular Institute, 1910 West St. Andrews Rd., Midland, Ml 48640, USA

Hiithig Verlag, Heidelberg (H.-G. Elias, Makromolektile,vol. II, 5th ed. 1992; Tables 2 -5 and 8-10);VCH Verlag, Weinheim (H.-G. Elias, An Introduction toPlastics, 1993; Table 6 (incl. text)).

B. ABBREVIATIONS IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER

AB Manila hemp fibers (Abaca) (EDV); seealso Ma

ABR Acrylate-butadiene rubber; elastomericcopolymer from an acrylic ester andbutadiene (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC); seealso AR

ABS Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene; a ther-moplastic from acrylonitrile, butadieneand styrene (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)

AC Fiber from deacetylated cellulose acetate(EDV)

ACM Elastic copolymer from an acrylic esterand a small proportion of a vulcanizablemonomer, e.g., 2-chlorovinyl ether (ANSI,ASTM)

ACS Thermoplastic blend of a copolymer fromacrylonitrile and styrene with chlorinatedpoly(ethylene)

ACSP Acetyl cyclohexylsulfonyl peroxideADA Adipic acidADC Azodicarbonamide (WTR), see also

ADECADCK Activated azodicarbonamide (WTR)ADEC Ammonium diethyl dithiocarbamate

(WTR); see also ADCADPA Condensation product from acetone and

diphenylamine (WTR)AE Aminoethyl (with cellulosics)AES Thermoplastic quaterpolymer from

acrylonitrile, ethylene, propylene, andstyrene

AF Other fibers (i.e., those not specified by theEDV system)

AFK Asbestos fiber reinforced plasticAFMU Elastomeric terpolymer from tetrafluoro-

ethylene, trifluoronitrosomethane, and asmall amount of nitrosoperfluorobutyricacid; nitroso rubber (ANSI/ASTM); seealso CNR

AG Alginate fiber (EDV)Ag 1. Silver (IUPAC)

2. Esparto grass fiber (DIN)AI Amide-imide polymersAIBN A^/V-AzobisisobutyronitrileAk Angora wool (DIN)AL 1. Alfalfa fibers (EDV)

2. Alginate fibers (DIN); see also AGAMMA Thermoplastic copolymer from acrylo-

nitrile and methyl methacrylate (ASTM);see also A/MMA

A/MMA See AMMA

An Calatropis fiber (DIN)AN AcrylonitrileAn-AE Elastomeric copolymer from acrylonitrile

and acrylic ester; see also ANMANM See AN-AEAO AntioxidantAp Alpaca wool (DIN)AP Elastic copolymer from ethylene and

propylene; see also APR, E/P, EPM, andEPR (older German literature)

APH Alkylated phenolAPR See APAPT Elastomeric copolymer from ethylene,

propylene, and an unsaturated termono-mer; see also APTK, EPD, EPDM, EPT,EPTR

APTK Elastomeric copolymer from ethylene,propylene, and an unsaturated termono-mer; see also APT, EPD, EPDM, EPT,EPTR

Aq AnthraquinoneAR 1. Elastomeric copolymer from acrylic

esters and olefins; see also ABR2. Ardein fibers (DIN)

As 1. Arsenic (IUPAC).2. Asbestos (DIN); see also AS

AS Asbestos fiber (EDV); see also AsASA Thermoplastic copolymer from acrylo-

nitrile, styrene, and acrylic esters (ASTM);see also A/S/A

AJS/A Thermoplastic copolymer from acrylo-nitrile, styrene, and acrylic esters (DIN,ISO); see also ASA

ASE Alkylsulfonic acid ester (ISO)ASR Alkylene sulfide rubberATE Aluminium triethylATH Alumina trihydrateATO Antimony trioxideAU 1. Elastomeric polyurethane with poly-

ester segments (ANSI/ASTM, ISO)2. Polyester rubbers with carbon, oxygen,and nitrogen in the chain. Both classifica-tions probably refer to the same type ofelastomer

AU-I AU, cross-linkable with isocyanatesAU-P AU, cross-linkable with peroxides

BA Condensation product of butyraldehydeand aniline (WTR)

BAA Condensation product of butyraldehydeand aniline

BBP Benzylbutyl phthalate (DIN, ISO)BD 1. 1,4-Butanediol

2. Derivative of benzofuranBDMA Butanediol 1,4-dimethacrylate (WTR)BDP Butyldecyl phthalate (WTR)BDSH Benzene-1,3-disulfonyI hydrazide (WTR)BFE Bromotrifluoroethylene polymers

BFK Boron fiber reinforced plastic (Germantechnical literature)

BHA Butylated hydroxyanisole; /-butyl-4-meth-oxyphenol

BHET Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalateBHT Butylated hydroxytoluene; 2,6-di(r-butyl)-

p-cresolBiDMC Bismuth dimethyl dithiocarbamate

(WTR); see also BMDCBIIR Brominated elastomer from isobutene and

isoprene; bromobutyl rubber (ANSI/ASTM)

BMC Bulk molding compoundBMDC Bismuth dimethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)BOA Benzyl octyl adipate ( = benzyl 2-ethyl-

hexyl adipate) (ISO)BOP Benzyl octyl phthalate ( = benzyl 2-ethyl-

hexyl phthalate)BOPP Biaxially oriented polypropylene) film;

balanced oriented poly(propylene) filmBP Poly(butadiene) rubber; see also BR and

CBRBPH 2,2 '-Methylene-bis(4-methyl-6-f-butyl-

phenol) (WTR)BPO Dibenzoyl peroxideBR Elastomeric poly(butadiene); butadiene

rubber (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC); see alsoBP and CBR

BSH Benzene sulfonyl hydrazide (WTR)BT Thermoplastic poly(l-butene); see also

Pb, PBTBTDA 3,3 ',4,4 '-Benzophenonetetracarboxylic

dianhydrideBTX Benzene, toluene, and xylenesBuna Butadiene elastomers (old German litera-

ture). The first types were synthesized bysodium ('Wtftrium") initiated totadienepolymerizations, hence the name "Buna";the various grades were differentiated bynumbers (hence "number Buna"). LaterBuna types were copolymers from thefree-radical copolymerization of butadienewith various comonomers. These typeswere called ' ' letter Buna" (BunaS = copolymer of butadiene and styrene,Buna N = copolymer of butadiene andacrylonitrile, etc.).

Butyl Elastomeric copolymer from isobuteneand isoprene; butyl rubber (BS); see alsoGR-I, IIR, PIBI

BVE Butyl vinyl ether (WTR)Bw Cotton ("Baumwolle") (DIN); see also

CO

C 1. Carbon (IUPAC)2. Channel black3. Cellophane (ASTM); "Cellophan " " isa registered trademark in Germany

C Saran coated cellophane (ASTM)CA 1. Cellulose acetate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,

IUPAC); see also AC2. Hemp fibers (EDV)

CAB Cellulose acetate-butyrate (ASTM, DIN,ISO, IUPAC)

CAP Cellulose acetate-propionate (ASTM,DIN, ISO, IUPAC)

CAR Carbon fiberCBA Chemical blowing agentCBR Butadiene rubber; l,4-c/.s-poly(butadiene);

see also BP and BRCBS /V-Cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolesulfene

amideCC 1. Cocos fiber (EDV)

2. Cupro (regenerated cellulose fibers viathe copper/ammonia process (DIN); seealso CU

CDB Conjugated diene butyl elastomerCdDEC Cadmium diethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR);

also Cd-DEDCCDP Cresyl diphenyl phosphateCdPDC Cadmium pentamethylene dithiocarba-

mate (WTR)CE Cellulose plastics in general (ASTM)CEM Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) (ASTM);

see also CFM, CTFE, PCTFECF Thermoset from cresol and formaldehyde;

cresol-formaldehyde resin (ASTM, DIN,ISO, IUPAC)

CFK 1. Man-made fiber reinforced plastic (Ger-man technical literature: "Chemie/aser-verstarkter Xiinststoff")2. Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (Germantechnical literature); see also CRP

CFM I. Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) (ANSI/ASTM); see also CEM, CTFE, PCTFE2. Copolymer from chlorotrifluoroethyleneand vinylidene fluoride

CFRP Carbon fiber reinforced plasticsCHC Elastomeric copolymer from epich-

lorohydrin and ethylene oxide; see alsoECO

CHDM 1,4-CyclohexanedimethylolCHR Elastomeric poly(epichlorohydrin) (ISO);

see also COCUR Postchlorinated elastomeric copolymer

from isobutene and isoprene (ANSI/ASTM)

CL Poly(vinyl chloride) fiber (EWG; EDV);see also PVC

CM Postchlorinated poly(ethylene) (ANSI/ASTM); see also CPE

CMBT Copper mercaptobenzothiazole, see alsoCuMBT

CMC 1. Carboxymethylcellulose (ASTM, DIN,ISO, IUPAC)2. Critical micelle concentration

CMHEC (Carboxymethyl/hydroxyethyl) celluloseCMF Classified mineral fillerCN Cellulose nitrate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,

IUPAC); see also NC, C/NC/N Cellulose nitrate, see also CN, NCCNR Elastomeric terpolymer from tetrafluor-

oethylene, trifluoronitrosomethane, and asmall amount of an unsaturated termono-mer, e.g., nitrosoperfluorobutyric acid;nitroso rubber, carboxynitroso rubber; seealso AFMU

CO 1. Elastomeric poly(chloromethyl)oxirane;poly(epichlorohydrin) (ANSI/ASTM;ISO); see also CHR2. Cotton (EDV); see also Bw

COX Carboxylic rubberCP Cellulose propionate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,

IUPAC)CP. Chemically pureCP2 Alternating copolymer from vinyl ether

and maleic acidCP4 Copolymer from acrylic acid and maleic

acidCPE Chlorinated poly(ethylene) (ASTM); see

also CMCPET Crystallizable poly(ethylene terephthalate)

(i.e., a PET with fast-acting nucleatingagents) (trade journals)

CPI cw-Poly(isoprene); see also IR, PIPCPP Spinning paper (small cut strips from

sodium cellulose or sulfite cellulose paper)or cellulon (wet strips from cellulose pulp)(DIN)

CPVC 1. Postchlorinated poly(vinyl chloride)(ASTM); see also PC, PeCe, PVCC2. Critical pigment concentration

CR Poly(chloroprene) (ANSI/ASTM, BS,IUPAC)

CRP Carbon fiber reinforced plastics; see alsoCFK

CS Casein (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)CSM Chlorosulfonated poly(ethylene) (ANSI/

ASTM); see also CSPR, CSRCSPR Chlorosulfonated poly(ethylene) (BS); see

also CSM, CSRCSR Chlorosulfonated poly(ethylene); see also

CM, CSPRCT 1. Cellulose triacetate (DIN); see also

CTA, TA2. Continuous thread

CTA Cellulose triacetate (ASTM); see also CT,TA

CTFE Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) (ASTM);see also CEM, CFM, PCTFE

CTP N-Cyclohexylthiophthalimide (WTR)CTS Compact tension specimenCU Copper silk ("cupro silk" = regenerated

cellulose fibers) (EDV); see also CC

CuDEC Copper diethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR);also CDC, CuDC

CuDMC Copper dimethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR);see also CuDMDC

CuMBT Copper mercaptobenzothiazole; see alsoCMBT

Culhp Copper laminated hard paper (Germantechnical literature)

CV Viscose (rayon) (DIN); see also VI

DABCOll Triethylenediamine = Diazabicyclo [2.2.2]octane

DAC Diallyl chlorendate; diallyl 1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo[2.2.2]hept-5 ene-2,3-dicarboxylate (ASTM)

DADI Dianisidine diisocyanate (WTR)DAF Diallyl fumarate (ASTM)DAIP Diallyl isophthalate resin (ASTM)DAM Diallyl isophthalate resin (ASTM)DAP Diallyl phthalate resin (ASTM, DIN); see

also FDAPDATBP Diallyl tetrabromophthalateDBDPO Decabromodiphenyl oxideDBEEA Dibutoxyethoxyethyl adipate (WTR)DBEP Bis(2-butoxyethyl) phthalateDBF Dibutyl fumarateDBNPG Dibromoneopentyl glycolDBP Dibutyl phthalate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,

IUPAC)DBPPD A^r,A^/-Di(5-butyl)-/7-phenylenediamine

(WTR)DBS Dibutyl sebacateDBTDL Dibutyltin dilaurateDBTU Dibutyl urea (WTR)DCBS Benzothiazyl-2-dicyclohexylsuIfene

amide (WTR)DCHP Dicyclohexyl phthalateDCP Dicapryl phthalate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,

IUPAC)DDP Didecyl phthalateDE Diatomaceous earthDEA A^iV-DiethylanilineDEAE (Diethylamino)ethyl- (with cellulose)DEG Diethylene glycolDEHP Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; see also DOPDEP Diethyl phthalate (ISO)DETA Diethylenetriamine (WTR)DETU Diethyl thiourea (WTR)DGEBA Diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol ADHA Dehydroacetic acid, acetic anhydrideDHBP 2,4-Dihydroxy benzophenone (WTR)DHP Diheptyl phthalate (ISO)DHS Dihexyl sebacate (WTR)DHXP Dihexyl phthalate (ISO)DIBA Diisobutyl adipateDIBP Diisobutyl phthalate (DIN, ISO)DIDA Diisodecyl adipate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,

IUPAC)

DIDG Diisodecyl glutarateDIDP Diisodecyl phthalate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,

IUPAC)DINA Diisononyl adipate (ISO)DINP Diisononyl phthalate (DIN, ISO)DIOA Diisooctyl adipate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,

IUPAC)DIOF Diisooctyl fumarateDIOM Diisooctyl maleate (WTR)DIOP Diisooctyl phthalate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,

IUPAC)DIOS Diisooctyl sebacateDIOZ Diisooctyl azelateDIPP Diisopentyl phthalateDITDP Diisotridecyl phthalate (DIN, ISO); see

also DITPDITP Diisotridecyl phthalate (DIN); see also

DITDPDLTDP Dilauryl 3,3 '-thiodipropionateDMA A^Af-DimethylacetamideDMAA /V,/V-DimethylacetoacetamideDMAC /V,/V-DimethylacetamideDMBPPD AH1,3~Dimethylbutyl)-N '-phenyl-/?-phe-

nylenediamine (WTR)DMBS Dimethylbenzothiazylsulfeneamide

(WTR)DMC Dough molding compound (UP resin)

(DIN)DME 1. Dimethylethanolamine, 2-(dimethyla~

mino)ethanolDMEP Bis(2-methoxyethyl) phthalateDMF 1. /V,AT-Dimethyl phthalate (ISO); 2. NJV-

dimethyl formamideDMG Dimethyl glutarateDMHPPD Ar,A^r/-Di(3-methylheptyl)-/?-phenylenedia-

mine (WTR)DMP Dimethyl phthalate (ISO)DMPTD Dimethylphenyl thiuram disulfide (WTR)DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxideDMT Dimethyl terephthalateDMTD 2,5-Dimercapto-l,3,4-thiadiazole (WTR)DMTDP Dimyristyl-3,3 '-thiodipropionateDMTDS 2,5-Dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole disulfide

(WTR)DNA 1. Deoxyribonucleic acid

2. Dinonyl adipateDNHZ Di(w-hexyl) azelateDNODA Di(fi-octadecyl) adipateDNPDP Di(w-octadecyl) phthalate (ASTM)DNP Dinonyl phthalate (ASTM, ISO, IUPAC)DNPT AyV~Dinitrosopentamethylene tetramineDNS 1. Di(3,5,5-trimethylhexyl) sebacate

(WTR)2. Deoxyribonucleic acid (German: Desoxyribonukleinsaure)

DOA Dioctyl adipate, bis(2-ethylhexyl)adipate(ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)

DODP Di(octadecyl) phthalate (ISO)

DOF Dioctyl fumarateDOIP Dioctyl isophthalate, bis(2-ethylhexyl)

isophthalate (DIN, ISO)DOM Dioctyl maleate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) maleate

(WTR)DOP Dioctyl phthalate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phtha-

late (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)DOS Dioctyl sebacate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) seba-

cate (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)DOTG M/V'-DKo-tolyOguanidine (WTR)DOTP Dioctyl terephthalate, bis(2-ethylhexyl)

terephthalate (DIN, ISO)DOZ Dioctyl azelate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) azelate

(ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)DPA DiphenylamineDPCF Diphenyl cresyl phosphate (ASTM, ISO);

see also DPCPDPCP Diphenyl cresyl phosphate (ASTM, ISO);

see also DPCFDPG AW'-Diphenylguanidine (WTR)DPOF Diphenyl 2-ethylhexyl phosphate (ASTM,

ISO); see also EHDPPDPOP Diphenyl octyl phosphateDPP 1. Diphenyl phthalate

2. Dipropyl phthalateDPPD Af5Af'-Diphenyl-/?-phenylene diamine

(WTR)DPQD Dibenzoyl-/?-quinone dioximeDPTD Di(pentamethylene)thiuram hexasulfide,

see also DPTHDPTH Di(pentamethylene)thiuram hexasulfide

(WTR), see also DPTDDPDM Di(pentamethylene)thiuram monosulfide

(WTR)DPTT Di(pentamethylene)thiuram tetrasulfide

(WTR)DPTU Diphenyl thiourea (WTR)DR Degree of reactionDRC Dry rubber contentDS Degree of substitutionDSTDP Distearyl 3,3 '-dithiopropionateDTBP Di(r-butyl) peroxide (WTR)DTDC Dithiodicaprolactam (WTR)DTDM 4,4-Dithiodimorpholine (WTR)DTDP Di(tridecyl) phthalateDTPD 1. Di(tridecyl) phthalate

2. N,N '-Ditolyl-p-phenylenediamine(WTR)

DUP Di(undecyl) phthalateDVB Divinyl benzene

EA Segmented polyurethane fiber (Elasthanfiber) (EDV); see also PUE

EAA Ethylene acrylic acid copolymersEAM Elastomeric copolymer of ethylene and

vinyl acetate (ANSI/ASTM)EBM Extrusion blow molding

EC Ethyl cellulose (ASTM, DIN, ISO,IUPAC)

ECB Blends from ethylene copolymers withbitumen

ECO Elastomeric copolymer from ethyleneoxide and epichlorohydrin, chloromethy-loxirane (ANSI/ASTM); see also CHC

ECTFE Poly(ethylene-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene);see also E-CTFE

E-CTFE Poly(ethylene-cr>chlorotrifluoroethylene);see also ECTFE

EDA Ethylene diamine (WTR)EDC Ethylene dichloride, 1,2-dichloroethaneEDMA Ethylene glycol dimethacrylateEDTA Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acidEEA Elastomeric copolymer from ethylene and

ethyl acrylate (ASTM); see also E/EAE/EA Elastomeric copolymer from ethylene and

ethyl acrylate (ISO); see also EEAEG Ethylene glycolEHDPP 2-Ethylhexyldiphenyl phosphate; see also

DPOFEHEC HydroxyethylcelluloseEL Elastodiene fiber (EDV); see also EU, LAELO Epoxidized linseed oil (DIN, ISO)EMA 1. Copolymer from ethylene and

methacrylic acid (ASTM)2. Alternating copolymer from ethyleneand maleic anhydride

EOT Ethylene oxide polysulfideEP Epoxy resin (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)E/P Copolymer from ethylene and propylene

(ISO); see also AP, APR, EPM, EPREPC Easy processing channel blackEPD Elastomeric terpolymer from ethylene,

propylene, and a nonconjugated diene(ASTM); see also APT, EPDM, EPT,EPTR

EPDM Elastomeric terpolymer from ethylene,propylene, and a nonconjugated diene(ASTM); see also, APT, APTK, EPD,EPT, EPTR

EPE Ester of an epoxy resin (DIN)EP-G-G Prepreg from an epoxy resin and a textile

glass fabric (German technical literature)EP-K-L Prepreg from an epoxy resin and a carbon

fiber fabric (German technical literature)EPM Elastomeric copolymer of ethylene and

propylene (ANSI/ASTM, ISO); see alsoAP, APR, E/P, EPM, EPR

EPR Elastomeric copolymer of ethylene andpropylene (BS); see also AP, APR, E/P,EPM

EPS Expanded poly(styrene) [poly(styrene)foam]

EPT Elastomeric terpolymer from ethylene,propylene and a diene; see also APT,APTK, EPD, EPDM, EPTR

EPTD Diethyl diphenyl thiuram disulfide (WTR)EPTM Diethyl diphenyl thiuram monosulfide

(WTR)EPTR Elastomeric terpolymer from ethylene,

propylene and a diene (BS); see alsoAPT, APTK, EPD, EPDM, EPT

E-PVC Emulsion-polymerized poly(vinyl chlor-ide)

ERM Elastin reservoir moldingE-SBR Copolymer from styrene and butadiene,

polymerized in emulsionESC Environmental stress crackingESCR Environmental stress cracking resistanceESO Epoxidized soy bean oil (DlN, ISO)ET Ethylene polysulfideETCH Ethylene chlorohydrine; 2-chloroethanolETFE Copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluor-

oethylene (ASTM)E/TFE Copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluor-

oethyleneETG Ethylene triglycolETMQ 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydro-6-ethoxy qui-

noline (WTR)EU 1. Elastomeric polyurethane with poly-

ether segments (ANSI/ASTM)2. Polyether rubber with carbon, oxygen,and nitrogen in the polymer chain (ISO)3. Elastodiene fibers (ASTM); see also EL,LAClassifications 1 and 2 probably refer tothe same polymer

EVA Copolymer from ethylene and vinyl acet-ate (ASTM, DIN, ISO); see also E/VAC,EVM, VAE

E/VAC Copolymer from ethylene and vinyl acet-ate (ASTM, DIN); see also E/VAC, EVM,VAE

EVAL K Copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcoholE/VAL Copolymer of ethylene and vinyl alcoholEVE Ethylene vinyl etherEVOHH Copolymer with ethylene and vinyl alco-

hol unitsEVM Elastomer from ethylene and vinyl acet-

ate; see also EVA, E/VAC, VAE

F 1. Fluorine (IUPAC)2. Furnace black

FC FluorocarbonFDAP Diallyl phthalate or resins therefrom, see

also DAPFE Fluorine containing elastomerFEF Fast extruding furnace blackFEP Copolymer from tetrafluoroethylene and

hexafluoropropyiene (ASTM, DIN, ISO,IUPAC); see also PFEP

FF 1. Resin from furan and formaldehyde(ASTM)2. Fine furnace black

Fi Fique (DIN)FK Fiber reinforced plastic ("faserverstarkter

Kunststoff"; German technical literature)FKM Elastomer with saturated main chain and

fluoro, perfluoroalkyl, or perfluoroalkoxysubstituents (ANSI/ASTM); see alsoFPM

FL Fluorofiber (EDV); probably fibers frompoly(tetrafluoroethylene)

Fl Flax (DIN)FMQ Methyl fluorosilicone rubber; see also

MFQFPM 1. Elastomeric copolymer from vinylidene

fluoride and hexafluoropropylene (ASTM)2. Fluoroelastomers in general3. Rubbers having fluoro and fluoroalkylor fluoroalkoxy substituent groups at thepolymer chain (ISO)

FPVC Flexible PVC filmFQ Elastomeric silicone with fluorine contain-

ing substituents (ASTM); see also FSIFR Flame retardantFRP Glass fiber reinforced polyesterFSI Fluorinated silicone (ASTM); see also FQFT Fine thermal blackFVMQ Silicone rubber with fluorine, vinyl, and

methyl substituents (ANSI/ASTM)FVSI Fluorosilicone

GC Glass coupledGEP Glass fiber reinforced epoxy resinGF Glass fiber reinforced plastic; see also

GFKGF-EP Glass fiber reinforced epoxy resinGFK Glass fiber reinforced plastic (German

technical literature)GF-PF Glass fiber reinforced phenolic resinGF-UP Glass fiber reinforced unsaturated poly-

ester (German technical literature)GI Broom (fibers from) (EDV)GL Glass fiber (DIN, EDV)GP 1. Gutta percha

2. General purpose (ASTM)GPF General purpose furnace blackGPO Elastomeric copolymer from propylene

oxide and allyl glycidyl ether (ANSI/ASTM)

GR 1. Glass fiber reinforced2. Former US symbol for "governmentrubber"

GR-A Former US symbol for nitrile rubber; seealso GR-N

GRAS Generally recognized as safeGR-I Former US symbol for butyl rubberGR-N Former US symbol for nitrile rubber; see

also GR-AGRP Glass fiber reinforced plasticGR-P Glass fiber reinforced plastic

GR-S Former US symbol for styrene-butadienerubber

Gu Guanaco wool (DIN)GU Fibers from diene rubbers (old German

technical literature)GUP Glass fiber reinforced unsaturated poly-

ester resins (German technical literature)GUR Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethy-

lene); see also UHMPEGV Glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics

HA Human hair (EDV)HAF High abrasion furnace blackHBPA 2,2-bis(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)propaneHDI Hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate (WTR)HDPE High-density poly(ethylene) (ASTM); in

the older German technical literature,HDPE was sometimes used for polyethy-lene) from high pressure polymerizations("Hochdruck"), i.e., for poly(ethylene)swith mostly low densities; see also PEH

He 1. Helium2. Henequen (DIN); see also HE

HE Henequen (EDV); see also HeHEC HydroxyethylcelluloseHEMA 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylateHEXA Hexamethylene tetramine (WTR); see also

HMTHF Half linen (EDV)HFIP Hexafluoroisopropanol; 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexa-

fluoro-2-propanol; see also HFPHFP 1. Hexafluoroisopropanol; see also HFIP

2. HexafluoropropeneHgw Hard fabric ('' Hartgewebe'', German tech-

nical literature)HIPS High impact poly(styrene)Hm Hard mat (German technical literature)HM Hot melt adhesiveHMC Sheet molding compound with high glass

fiber content (UP resin) (DIN)HMDAC Hexamethylene diamine carbamate

(WTR)HMDI Hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocya-

nateHMF High-modulus furnace blackHMPT Hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide; see

also HPTHMT Hexamethylene tetramineHMWPE Poly(ethylene) with very high molar mass

(molecular weight)H-NBR Hydrogenated nitrile rubberHP Hard paper (German technical literature)HPA Hydroxypropyl acrylateHPC 1. Hydroxypropyl cellulose

2. Hard processing channel blackHPMC (Hydroxypropyl)methyl celluloseHPT Hexamethyl phosphorotriamide; see also

HMPT

HR High resiliency foamHs Hare hair (DIN)HS 1. Heat stabilized

2. High percent solidsHTBA High temperature blowing agentHTE Hydroxyl terminated polyetherHTST High-temperature, short-term processingHz Goat hair ("Haar von der Ziege"; DIN)

ICR Initial concentration rubber (from undi-luted natural rubber latex)

IEN Interpenetrating elastomeric networkIFR Intumescent flame retardantIHPN Interpenetrating homopolymer networkHR Elastomeric copolymer from isobutene

and isoprene (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC); seealso Butyl, GR-I, PIBI

IM Poly(isobutylene); see also PIBIMW Intermediate molecular weightIPA Isophthalic acidIPDI 3-Isophorone diisocyanate (WTR)IPN Interpenetrating polymer networkIPO Isopropyl oleateIPP Isopropyl percarbonate; diisopropyl per-

oxydicarbonateIPPD iV-Isopropyl-N '-phenyl-p-phenylenedia-

mine (WTR)IR Synthetic ds-i,4-poly(isoprene) (ANSI/

ASTM, BS, IUPAC); see also CPI, PIPIRT Insect resistant treatedIS Insoluble sulfur (WTR)IT Interrupted or split threadIVE Isobutyl vinyl ether

Ju Jute (DIN); see also JUJU Jute (EDV); see also Ju

KA Casein fibers (DIN)KE Kenaf (EDV); see also KfKEK Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (DIN)Kf Kenaf (DIN); see also KEKFA Potassium fatty acid soapKm Camel hair (DIN)Kn Rabbit hair (DIN)Ko Coir (DIN)Kp Kapok (DIN); see also KPKP Kapok (EDV); see also KpKz Cashmere goat wool (DIN)

LA Fibers from diene rubbers (DIN); see alsoEL, EU

LDPE Low-density poly(ethylene) (ASTM); inthe older German technical literature,LDPE was sometimes used for polyethy-lene) from low pressure polymerizations,i.e., for poly(ethylene)s with mostly highdensities; see also NDPE

LI Linen, flax (EDV)LIM Liquid impingement molding (now RIM)LIPN Latex interpenetrating polymer networkLLDPE Linear low-density poly(ethylene)

(ASTM)Lm Llama wool (DIN)LRM Liquid reaction molding (now RIM)LRMR Reinforced liquid reaction moldingL-SBR Solution polymerized SBR

M Medium thermal carbon blackMa Manila hemp fibers (Abaca) (DIN)MA 1. Modacrylic fiber (EDV); see also PAM

2. Maleic anhydrideMABS Copolymer from methyl methacrylate,

acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styreneMAN Methacry lonitri IeMBI Mercaptobenzimidazole; 2-benzimidazo-

lethiolMBS 1. Copolymer from methyl methacrylate,

butadiene, and styrene2. Benzthiazyl-2-sulfene morpholide(WTR)

MBSS 2-(4-Morpholinyldithio)benzothiazole(WTR)

MBT Mercaptobenzothiazole; 2-benzthiazo-lethiol

MBTS 2-Benzthiazolyl disulfideMC Methyl celluloseMCB MonochlorobenzeneMD Modal fiber (EDV)MDA 1. Methylenediamine

2. 4,4 '-DiaminodiphenylmethaneMDAC 4-Methyl-7-(diethylarnino)coumarineMDI 4,4 '-Diphenylmethane diisocyanate;

methylene di-/>phenylene diisocyanateMDPE Poly(ethylene) with medium density

( « 0.93-0.94 g/cm3) (ASTM)ME Metal fiber (EDV)MEK Methyl ethyl ketone; 2-butanoneMEKP Methyl ethyl ketone peroxideMF Melamine-formaldehyde resin (ASTM,

DIN, ISO, IUPAC)MFK Metal fiber reinforced plastic (German

technical literature)MFQ Silicone rubber having both methyl and

fluorine substituent groups on the polymerchain (ISO); see also FMQ

MG Maguey (EDV)MMA Methyl methacrylate (ASTM)Mo 1. Molybdenum (IUPAC)

2. Mohair wool (DIN)MOCA 4,4/-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline); 3,3 '-

dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethaneMOD Modacryl fiber (EWG)MP Melamine-phenol -formaldehyde resin;

see also MPFMPE Metallized polyester film

MPF Melamine-phenol-formaldehyde resin(ISO); see also MP

MPPPD ^MethyI-2-pentyl-N'-phenyl-/?-pheny-lene diamine (WTR)

MPQ Silicone rubbers having both methyl andphenyl substituent groups on the polymerchain (ISO); see also PMQ

MPTD Dimethyl diphenyl thiuram disulfide(WTR)

M-PVC PVC, polymerized in bulk (mass) (Germantechnical literature)

MPVQ Silicone rubbers having methyl, phenyl,and vinyl substituent groups on the poly-mer chain (ISO); see also PVMQ

MQ Elastomeric silicones with methyl substi-tuents (ANSI/ASTM)

MR Mold resistantMs Silk from the silkworm (mulberry spinner;

Bombyx inori L) (DIN)MSA Maleic anhydride (German technical

literature)MT Metal fibers (DIN); see also MEMTI Methylene tri(/?-phenylene isocyanate)MTM Mixed tertiary mercaptansMVQ Silicone rubbers having both methyl and

vinyl substituent groups on the polymerchain (ISO); see also VMQ

MWR Molding with rotation

NBR Elastomeric copolymer from butadieneand acrylonitrile; nitrile rubber (ANSI/ASTM, BS, IUPAC); see also GR-N,PBAN

NC Cellulose nitrate; see also SNNCR Elastomeric copolymer from acrylonitrile

and chloroprene (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC)NDBC Nickel dibutyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)NDGA Nordihydroguaiaretic acidNDI 1,5-Diisocyanatonaphthalene (WTR)NDOP n-Decyl-w-octyl phthalate; see also ODPNDPA Af-Nitrosodiphenylamine (WTR)NDPE Low-density poly(ethylene); see also

LDPENEM iV-EthylmorpholineNf Phormium (DIN)NHDP /?-Hexyl-f7-decyl phthalateNIR Elastomeric copolymer from acrylonitrile

and isoprene (ANSI/ASTM)NK Natural rubber; see also NRNMP /V-MethylpyrrolidoneNODA 7?-Octyl-7?-decyl adipateNODP /7-Octyl-«-decyl phthalate; see also ODPNPG Neopentyl glycolNPP /?-Propyl percarbonate; dipropyl peroxydi-

carbonateNR Natural rubber (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC);

see also NK

OBSH ^,p'-Oxybisfaenzenesulfonyl hydrazide)ODP Octadecyl phthalate (ISO); see also NODPODPA Octylated diphenylamine (WTR)ODPP Octyldiphenyl phthalateOER Oil-extended rubberOPET Oriented poly(ethylene terephthalate)OPP Oriented poly(propylene) film or bottles;

see also PPOPR Elastomeric polymer from propylene

oxideOPS Oriented poly(styrene) filmOPVC Oriented poly(vinyl chloride)OT Polysulfide rubberOTBG o-Tolyl biguanide (WTR)OTOS /V-Oxydiethylenedithiocarbamyl-N '-oxy-

diethylenesulfamide (WTR)

P3FE Poly(trifluoroethylene) (IUPAC)PA 1. Polyamide (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC);

the acronym PA is normally followed by anumber, a combination of numbers, aletter, or a combination of letters andnumbers. A single number / refers to apolyamide from an oc,co-amino acid or itslactam with / carbon atoms in the aliphaticchain of the monomeric unit. A combina-tion of two numbers indicates polyamidesfrom the polycondensation of a diamineand a dicarboxylic acid; the first numbergives the number of methylene groups ofaliphatic diamines, the second number thenumber of carbon atoms of straight-chainaliphatic dicarboxylic acids. Both numbersare sometimes separated by a period. 44I"stands for isphthalic acid, "T" for tere-phthalic acid.2. Phthalic anhydride

PA* Saran coated polyamide (ASTM)PA** Metal coated polyamide (ASTM)PAA Poly(acrylic acid) (ASTM)PAB p-AminobiphenylPABM PolyaminobismaleimidePAC Poly(acrylonitrile) fiber (DIN, IUPAC);

see also PAN, PCPAE Phthalate ester plasticizerPAI Polyamide-imide (ASTM)PAM Modacryl fiber (DIN); see also MAPAMS Poly(cx-methyl styrene)PAN 1. Poly(acrylonitrile) fiber (ASTM,

IUPAC, EDV); see also PAC, PC. PAN K isalso a German trademark.2. Phenyl-a-naphthylamine (WTR)

PAPA Polyazelaic polyanhydridePAPDC Pentamethylene ammonium /V-penta-

methylene dithiocarbamate (WTR)PAPI Polymethylenepolyphenylene isocyanate;

see also PMPPI

PARA Polyarylamide (ASTM)PAS 1. Polyaryl sulfone

2. Poly(acrylic acid) (German technicalliterature)

PAT PolyaminotriazolePB 1. PoIy(I-butene) (ASTM, DIN, ISO); see

also BT, PBT2. Polyurea fiber (EDV); see also PUA3. Elastic polydiene fiber (German techni-cal literature)

PBA Physical blowing agentPBAN Copolymer from butadiene and acryloni-

trile (ASTM); see also GR-N, NBRPBB Polybrominated biphenylPB I Poly benzimidazolePBMA Poly(rc-butyl methacrylate)PBNA Phenyl-p-naphthylamine; N-phenyl-2-

naphthylaminePBR Copolymer from butadiene and vinylpyr-

idine (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC)PBS Copolymer from butadiene and styrene

(ASTM); see also SB, GR-S, SBRPBT 1. Poly(butylene terephthalate) (ASTM);

see also PBTP, PTMT2. PoIy(I-butene), see also BT, PB3. Poly(p-phenylenebenzobisthiazole)

PBTP Poly(butylene terephthalate) (DIN, ISO);see also PTMT

PC 1. Polycarbonate (ASTM, DIN, ISO,IUPAC); see also PCO2. Poly(acrylonitrile) fiber (EWG, EDV);see also PAC, PAN3. Formerly: chlorinated PVC; see alsoCPVC, PeCe, PVCC

PCB Polychlorinated biphenylPCD PolycarbodiimidePCDT Poly (1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene

terephthalate)PCF Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) fiber (DIN)PCO Polycarbonate; see also PCPCTFE Poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) (ASTM,

DIN, ISO, IUPAC); see also CEM. CFM,CTFE

PCU Unchlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (oldGerman technical literature)

PDAP Poly(diallyl phthalate) (ASTM, DIN, ISO,IUPAC); see also DAP, FDAP

PDMS Poly(dimethyl siloxane)PE 1. Polyethylene) (ASTM, DIN, ISO,

IUPAC); see also PL2. Polyester fiber (EWG)3. Pentaerythritol

PEA Poly(ethyl acrylate)PEC Chlorinated poly(ethylene) (DIN, ISO);

see also CPEPeCe Chlorinated PVC; see also CPVC, PC,

PVCC

PEE Polyester ether fibers (containing diol and/7-hydroxybenzoate units) (DlN)

PEEK Polyether ether ketone = Poly(oxy-1,4-phenylene~oxy~ 1,4-phenylene-carbonyl-1,4~phenylene)

PEEKK Polyether ether ketone ketonePEG Polyethylene glycol)PEH Poly(ethylene) with high density; see also

HDPEPEHA Pentaethylenehexamine (WTR)PE-HD Poly(ethylene) with high density (DIN,

ISO); see also HDPE, PEHPEK Polyether ketonePEKEKK Polyether ketone ether ketone ketonePEKK Polyether ketone ketonePEL Poly(ethylene) with low density; see also

LDPE, PE-LDPEM Poly(ethylene) with medium density; see

also MDPEPEO Polyethylene oxide) (ASTM, IUPAC);

see also PEOXPEOX Polyethylene oxide) (DIN, ISO); see also

PEOPEP Thermoplastic copolymer from ethylene

and propylenePES 1. Polyester fiber (DIN); see also PET, PL

2. Polyether sulfone (ASTM); see alsoPSU

PESU Polyether sulfone (ASTM); see also PESPET Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (ASTM); see

also PETP, PE, PESPET* Saran coated PET (ASTM)PETP Polyethylene terephthalate) (ASTM,

DIN, ISO, IUPAC); see also PET, PE, PESPETS Pentaerythryl tetrastearate (WTR)PF Phenol-formaldehyde resin (ASTM, DIN,

ISO, IUPAC)PFA Perfluoroalkoxy resins, copolymers of

tetrafluoroethylene and perfluorinatedalkyl vinyl ethers

PFEP Copolymer from tetrafluoroethylene andhexafluoropropylene; see also FEP

PF-P-B Phenolic resin-paper prepregPG Propylene glycolPHAS Poly(a-hydroxy acrylic acid)PHA Poly(hydroxyalkanoate)PHB 1. Poly(/?-hydroxybenzoate); see also

POB2. Poly(oc-hydroxybutyrate)

PHEMA Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)PHP Physiological hydrophilic polymersPI 1. fra/u?-l,4-Poly(isoprene), gutta percha

(BS)2. Polyimide (ASTM)3. Paper (EDV)

PIB Poly(isobutene) (ASTM, BS, DlN, ISO,IUPAC)

PlBl Elastomeric copolymer from isobuteneand isoprene (butyl rubber); see alsoButyl, GR-I, HR

PIBO Poly(isobutylene oxide)PIP Synthetic m-l,4-poly(isoprene); see also

CPI, IRPIR Poly(isocyanurate) (DIN)PIS Poly(isobutylene)PL 1. Poly(ethylene) (EWG); see also PE

2. Polyester fiber (EDV); see also PES,PET

PMA 1. Pyromellitic acid2. Pyromellitic dianhydride3. Poly(methyl acrylate)

PMAC Polymethoxy acetalPMCA Poly(methyl a-chloromethacrylate)

(ASTM)PMF Processed mineral fiberPMI Poly(methacrylimide)PMMA (Poly(methyl methacrylate) (ASTM, DIN,

ISO, IUPAC)PMMI Poly(pyromellitimide)PMP Poly(4-methyM-pentene) (ASTM, DIN,

ISO); see also TPXPMPPI Polymethylenepolyphenylene isocyanate;

see also PAPIPMQ Silicon rubbers with methyl and phenyl

substituents (ANSI/ASTM)PMTT 3-Phenyl-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-

thione (WTR)PNA Poly nuclear aromaticsPNAH Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbonsPNF Phosphorus nitrile fluoroelastomerPNR Poly(norbornene) rubberPO 1. Elastomeric poly(propylene oxide)

(ASTM)2. Poly(olefin)3. Phenoxy resin

POB Poly(p-hydroxybenzoate); see also PHBPOM Poly(oxymethylene), poly (formaldehyde)

(ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)POP PoIy(1,4-phenylene oxide) (ASTM); see

also PPOPOR Elastomeric copolymer from propylene

oxide and allyl glycidyl etherPP Poly(propylene) (ASTM, DIN, EDV, ISO,

IUPAC)PP* Metallized poly(propylene) (ASTM)PPA 1. Poly(parabanic acid)

2. Poly(propylene adipate)PPC Chlorinated poly(propylene) (DIN)PPI Polymeric polyisocyanatePPOl{ Poly(oxy-1,4-phenylene) = "poly(pheny-

lene oxide)"; see also POPPPOX Polypropylene oxide) (ASTM, DIN, ISO)PPP Poly(p-phenylene)PPS Poly(p-phenylene sulfide) (ASTM)

PPSU Poly(phenylene sulfone) (ASTM, DIN,ISO); see also PSU

PPT Poly(propylene terephth^Uite)PQ Elastomeric silicone with phenyl substitu-

ents (ASTM)PQD p-Quinone dioxime (WTR)PR Regenerated protein fiber (EDV)PS Poly(styrene) (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC)P-S Pressure-sensitive adhesivePSA Pressure-sensitive adhesivePSAB Thermoplastic copolymer from styrene,

acrylic ester and butadiene (DIN); see alsoSBV, S/B

PSAN Thermoplastic copolymer from styreneand acrylonitrile (DIN), see also SAN

PSBR Elastomeric terpolymer from vinylpyri-dine, styrene, and butadiene (ANSI/ASTM)

PSF Polysulfone; see also PSOPSI Poly(methyl phenyl siloxane) (ASTM)PSO Polysulfone; see also PSFPST Poly (styrene) fiber with at least 85%

styrene units (DIN)PS-TSG Poly(styrene) foam, processed by thermo-

plastic injection (German technical litera-ture)

PSU Poly(phenylene sulfone); see also PPSUPSUL Polysulfone (ASTM)PTA 1. Purified terephthalic acid

2. Phthalic anhydridePTF Pole(tetrafluoroethylene) fiberPTFE Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (ASTM, DIN,

ISO, IUPAC)PTMA Polyftetramethylene adipate)PTMEG Poly(tetramethylene ether glycol)PTMG Poly(oxytetramethylene glycol)PTMT Poly(tetramethylene terephthalate) =

poly(butylene terephthalate) see also PBTPPU 1. Polyurethane elastomer (BS)

2. Polyurethane fiber (EDV)PUA Polyurea fiber (DIN); see also PBPUE Segmented polyurethane fiber (DIN); see

also EAPUR Polyurethane (ASTM, DIN, ISO, IUPAC);

see also PUPVA 1. Poly(vinyl acetate); see also PVAC

2. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (ASTM); see alsoPVAL, PVOH3. Poly(vinyl alcohol) fiber with at least85% vinyl alcohol units (DIN); see alsoVY4. Poly (vinyl ether) (old German technicalliterature); see also PVOM, PVME

PVAC Poly(vinyl acetate) (ASTM, DIN, ISO,IUPAC); see also PVA

PVAL Poly(vinyl alcohol) (ASTM, DIN. ISO,IUPAC)

PVC 1. Poly(vinyl chloride) (ASTM., DIN, ISO,IUPAC); see also CL2. Poly(vinyl chloride) fiber with at least50 wt.% vinyl chloride units (DIN)3. Pigment volume concentration

PVCA Copolymer from vinyl chloride and vinylacetate (ASTM, DIN1 IUPAC); see alsoPVCAC

PVCAC Copolymer from vinyl chloride and vinylacetate (ASTM); see also PVCA

PVCC Chlorinated PVC (DIN, ISO); see alsoCPVC, PC, PeCe

PVD Poly(vinylidene chloride) fiber with atleast 50 wt.% vinylidene chloride units(DIN); see also PVDC

PVDC Poly(vinylidene chloride) (ASTM5 DIN,ISO, IUPAC); see also PVD

PVDF Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (ASTM, DIN,ISO, IUPAC); see also PVF

PVF 1. Poly(vinyl fluoride) (ASTM, DIN, ISO,IUPAC)2. Poly(vinylidene fluoride); see alsoPVDF

PVFM Poly(vinyl formal) (ASTM, DIN, ISO,IUPAC); see also PVFO

PVFO Poly(vinyl formal) (DIN); see also PVFMPVI Poly(vinyl isobutyl ether)PVID Poly(vinylidene cyanide)PVK Poly(Af-vinylcarbazole) (ASTM, DIN,

ISO)PVM 1. Copolymer from vinyl chloride and

vinyl methyl ether2. Fiber from the copolymer of vinyl and/or vinylidene compounds with a maincomponent of at least 85 wt.% (DIN)

PVME Poly(vinyl methyl ether)PVMQ Silicone rubber with methyl, phenyl. and

vinyl substituents (ANSI/ASTM)PVOH Poly(vinyl alcohol); see also PVA, PVALPVP Poly(iV-vinylpyrrolidone) (ASTM, DIN,

ISO)PVSI Poly(dimethyl siloxane) with phenyl and

vinyl substituents (ASTM)PY Unsaturated polyester resins (BS)

QMC Quick molding change

Ra Ramie (DIN)RA Ramie (EDV)RAM Restricted area moldingRAN Residual acrylonitrile (monomer in poly-

mer)RF Resorcine- formaldehyde resinRh 1. Rhenium (IUPAC)

2. Horse hair ("Rosshaar") (DIN)RHB Reheat blow moldingRHC Rubber hydrocarbon contentRi Cow hair ("Rind") (DIN)

RIM Reaction injection moldingRo Rosella (DIN)RP Reinforced plasticsRP/C Reinforced plastics (composite)RP/M Reinforced polyester (mortar)RPVC Rigid PVC filmRRIM Reinforced reaction injection moldingRTP Reinforced thermoplasticRTV Room temperature vulcanizationRVCM Residual vinyl chloride monomerRUC Chlorinated isoprene rubber (DIN)

S StyreneSAF Super abrasion furnace blackSAF-HS High structure SAFSAF-LS Low-structure SAFSAIB Sucrose acetate isobutyrateSAL Salicylic acidSAN Thermoplastic copolymer from styrene

and acrylonitrile (ASTM, DIN, ISO,IUPAC); see also PSAN

SB Thermoplastic copolymer from styreneand butadiene (ASTM); see also S/B

S/B Thermoplastic copolymer from styreneand butadiene (ANSI/ASTM, ISO,IUPAC); see also SB

SBP 1. s-Butyl percarbonate; di~,? -butyl peroxy-dicarbonate2. Styrene- butadiene resin

SBR Elastomeric copolymer from styrene andbutadiene (ASTM, BS, IUPAC); see alsoGR-S

SBS 1. Solid bleached sulfate2. Styrene-butadiene-styrene triblockcopolymer

SCR Elastomeric copolymer from styrene andchloroprene (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC)

SDD Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamateSDPA Aralkylated diphenylamines (WTR)SE 1. Sulfoethyl- (with cellulose)

2. Silk ("Seide") (EDV)SEBS Styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene tri-

block copolymer ( = hydrogenated styr-ene-isoprene-styrene triblock copolymer)

SEDC Selenium diethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)S-EPDM Sulfonated ethylene-propylene-diene ter~

polymerSF Structural foamSFK Synthetic fiber reinforced plastic (German

technical literature)SFP Scrapless forming processSHIPS Super-high impact poly(styrene)Si 1. Silicon (IUPAC)

2. Sisal (DIN); see also SISI 1. Silicones in general (ASTM, DIN, ISO)

2. Poly(dimethyl siloxane) (ASTM)3. Thermoplastic silicone (IUPAC)4. Sisal (EDV); see also S3

SIN 1. Simultaneous interpenetrating network2. Semi-interpenetrating network

SIPN Sequential interpenetrating poJymer net-work

SIR 1. Elastomeric copolymer from styreneand isoprene (ANSI/ASTM, IUPAC)2. Standardized Indonesian rubber

SIS Siyrene-isoprene-styrene triblock copo-lymer

SL Slag wool (DIN)SM Styrene monomerSMA Copolymer from styrene and maleic anhy-

dride (ASTM)SMC Sheet molding compound (UP resin)SMR Standardized Malaysian rubberSMS Copolymer from styrene and a-methyl-

styrene (ASTM, DIN); see also S/MSS/MS Copolymer from styrene and a-methyl-

styrene (DIN, ISO); see also SMSSn 1. Tin (IUPAC)

2. Sunn hemp fibers (DIN); see also SNSN Sunn hemp fibers (EDV)SP Superior processing rubber (a grade of

natural rubber)SPF Superior processing furnace blackSPH Styrenated phenol (WTR)SPPF Solid-phase pressure formingSPSF Solid-phase stretch formingS-PVC Poly(vinyl chloride), polymerized in sus-

pensionSR Synthetic rubberSRF Semi-reinforcing furnace blackSRF-HM High-modulus SRFSRF-HM-NS Nonstaining high-modulus SRFSRF-LM Low-modulus SRFSRF-LM-NS Nonstaining low-modulus SRFSRP Rubber reinforced poly(styrene) (ASTM)SS 1. Single stage (ASTM)

2. Steam-stripped (to remove residualmonomer)

ST Stone wool (DIN)SWP 1. Sol vent-welded plastics pipe

2. Synthetic wood pulp

T 1. Polysulfide rubber; see also OT, TR2. Thermal black

TA Cellulose triacetate (EDV); see also CT,CTA

TAC Triallyl cyanurate (ASTM)TATM Triallyl trimellitate (WTR)TBBS Benzothiazyl-2-r-butyl sulfenamide

(WTR)TBC Total Broadhurst Lee processTBP f-Butyl perbenzoate; see also TBPBTBPA Tetrabromophthalic anhydrideTBPB f-Butyl perbenzoate; see also TBPTBS r-ButylstyreneTBT Tetrabutyl titanate

TBTD Tetrabutyl thiuram disulfide (WTR); seealso TBUT

TBTU Tributyl thiourea (WTR)TBUT Tetrabutyl thiuram disulfide (WTR)TC Technically classified natural rubberTCE TrichloroethyleneTCEF Trichloroethyl phosphate (ASTM, ISO);

see also TCEPTCF Tricresyl phosphate, tritolyl phosphate

(ASTM, DIN, ISO); see also TCP, TKP,TTP

TCM Trichloromelamine (WTR)TCP Tricresyl phosphate (IUPAC); TCP5 is a

registered trademark in the United King-dom; see also TCF, TKP, TTP

TDEC Tellurium diethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)TDI Tolylene diisocyanate; tolylene isocyanate;

methylphenylene diisocyanate; usually an80:20 mixture of the 2,4- and 2,6-isomers

TDID Dimeric tolylene diisocyanateTDM r-Dodecyl mercaptan (WTR)TEAE Triethylaminoethyl- (with cellulose)TEDMA Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (WTR)TEGDA Triethylene glycol diacetate (WTR)TEP Triethyl phosphateTEPA Tetraethylene pentamine (WTR)TETA Triethylene tetramineTETD Tetraethyl thiuram disulfide (WTR)TFE Tetrafluoroethylene (ASTM)THBP 2,4,5-TrihydroxybutyrophenoneTHF TetrahydrofuranTHT Tetrahydrothiophene (WTR)TIOTM Triisooctyl trimellitate (DIN, ISO)TKP Tricresyl phosphate; see also TCE, TCP,

TTPTl 1. Thallium (IUPAC)

2. American moss (DIN)TM ThioplasticsTMA Trimellitic anhydrideTMC Thick molding compoundTMETD Tetramethyl tetraethyl thiuram disulfide

(WTR)TMP 1. Thermal mechanical pulp

2. Trimethylol propane (WTR)TMPT Trimethylol propane trimethacrylate

(WTR)TMQ 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinone

(WTR)TMS TetramethylsilaneTMTD Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide (WTR)TMTS Tetramethyl thiuram monosulfide (WTR)TMTT Tetramethyl thiuram tetrasulfide (WTR)TMTU Tetramethyl urea (WTR); see also TMUTMU Tetramethyl urea; see also TMTUTNPP Trinonyl phenyl phosphate (WTR)TOF Trioctyl phosphate = tris(2-ethylhexyl)

phosphate (ASTM, DIN, ISO); see alsoTOP

TOP Trioctyl phosphate = tris(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate (ASTM, DIN, ISO); see alsoTOF

TOPM Tetraoctyl pyromellitate, i.e., tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl) pyromellitate (DIN, ISO)

TOR /ra;?j-Poly(octenamer)TOTM Trioctyl mellitate = tris(2-ethylhexyl)

pyromellitate (DIN, ISO)TPA 1. l,4-frans-Poly(pentenamer); see also

TPR2. Terephthalic acid

TPE Thermoplastic elastomerTPEL Thermoplastic rubber or elastomer

(ASTM)TPES Thermoplastic polyester in general

(ASTM)TPF Triphenyl phosphate (DIN, ISO); see also

TPPTPI Thermoplastoid (WTR)TPO Thermoplastic olefin elastomerTPP Triphenyl phosphate (ASTM, IUPAC); see

also TPFTPR 1. l,5-fra/?s-Poly(pentenamer); see also

TPA2. Thermoplastic elastomer; see also TR,TPE

TPS Toughened poly(styrene) (in the UK forHIPS)

TPTD Tetraisopropyl thiuram disulfide (WTR)TPU Thermoplastic polyurethanesTPUR Thermoplastic urethane (ASTM)TPX Poly(4-methyl-l-pentene); see also PMPTR 1. Thermoplastic elastomer

2. Thio rubber (in the UK for polysulfide)3. Textile residues or fiber or fabric ofunknown composition (EDV)

TRIM Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylateTs Tussah silk (DIN)TSH Toluene sulfonyl hydrazide (WTR)TSUR Thermoset polyurethane (ASTM)TTP Tricresyl phosphate, tritolyl phosphate

(ISO); see also TCE, TCP, TKPTTT Triethyltrimethylenetnamine (WTR)TU ThioureaTV Trivinyl fiber (EDV)Tz Tibet goat hair (goat = "Ziege") (DIN)

UE Polyurethane elastomer (ASTM); see alsoUR

UF Urea-formaldehyde resin (ASTM, DIN,ISO, IUPAC)

UFS Urea-formaldehyde foamUHMPE Poly(ethylene) with ultrahigh molar massUHMW-PE Poly(ethylene) with ultrahigh molar mass

(molar mass over 3 100 000 g/mol)(ASTM)

UP Unsaturated polyester (ASTM, DIN, ISO,IUPAC)

UP-G-G Prepreg from unsaturated polyesters andtextile glass fibers

UP-G-M Prepreg from unsaturated polyesters andtextile glass mats

UP-G-R Prepreg from unsaturated polyesters andtextile glass rovings

Ur Urena (DIN)UR Poiyurethane elastomers (BS); see also UP

VA Vinyl acetateVAC Vinyl acetateVAE Vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymers; see

also EVA, E/VACVC Vinyl chlorideVC/E Copolymer from ethylene and vinyl chlor-

ide (ISO)VC/E/MA Copolymer from ethylene, vinyl chloride,

and maleic anhydride (ISO)VC/E/VAC Copolymer from ethylene, vinyl chloride,

and vinyl acetate (ISO)VCI Volatile corrosion inhibitorVCM Vinyl chloride (monomer); see also VCVC/MA Copolymer from vinyl chloride and

methyl acrylate (ISO)VC/MMA Copolymer from vinyl chloride and

methyl rnethacrylate (ISO)VC/OA Copolymer from vinyl chloride and octyl

acrylate (ISO)VC/VAC Copolymer from vinyl chloride and vinyl

acetate (ISO)VC/VDC Copolymer from vinyl chloride and viny-

lidene chloride (ISO)VDC Vinylidene chlorideVf 1. Vulcan fiber

2. Vinyl fluorideVF/HFP Copolymer from vinylidene fluoride and

hexafl uoropropy leneVi Vicuna wool (DIN)VI Viscose (rayon) (EDV); see also CVVMQ Silicone rubber with methyl and phenyl

substituents (ANSI/ASTM)VPE Cross-linked poly(ethylene) (DIN)VQ Elastomeric silicone with vinyl substitu-

ents (ASTM)VRI Volatile rust inhibitorVSI Poly(dimethyl siloxane) with vinyl groups

(ASTM)VT Vinyl tolueneVVO Vulcanized vegetable oil = factice

(WTR)VY Vinal (— poly(vinyl alcohol) fiber)

(ASTM, EDV)

WA Angora (rabbit) wool (EDV)WB Beaver wool (EDV)WFK Whisker reinforced plastic (German tech-

nical literature)WG Vicuna wool (EDV)

WK Camel wool (EDV)WL Llama wool (EDV)WM 1. Plasticizer (German technical literature:

"Weichmacher")2. Mohair wool (EDV)

Wo 1. Tungsten (IUPAC)2. Sheep's wool (DIN); see also WO

WO Sheep's wool (EDV); see also WoWP Alpaca wool (EDV)WS Cashmere goat wool (EDV)WT Otter wool (EDV)WU Guanaco wool (EDV)WV Virgin sheep wool (EDV)WY Yak wool (EDV)

XABS Elastomeric copolymer from acrylonitrile,butadiene, styrene, and a carboxylic groupcontaining monomer (ASTM)

XLPE Crosslinked poly(ethylene)XNBR Elastomeric copolymer from acrylonitrile,

butadiene, and a carboxylic group contain-ing monomer (ANSI/ASTM)

XPS Expandable (or expanded) poly(styrene)XSBR Elastomeric copolymer from butadiene,

styrene, and a carboxylic group containingmonomer (ANSI/ASTM)

YSBR Thermoplastic triblock copolymer fromstyrene and butadiene (ANSI/ASTM); seealso SBS

YXSBR Thermoplastic block copolymer from styr-ene and butadiene containing carboxylicgroups (ANSI/ASTM)

Z5MC Zinc pentamethylene dithiocarbamate(WTR)

ZBDC Zinc dibenzyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)ZBPD Zinc dibutyl dithiophosphate (WTR)ZBX Zinc dibutyl xanthate (WTR)ZDBC Zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)ZDEC Zinc diethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)ZDMC Zinc dimethyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)ZE Zein fibers (DIN)ZEH Zinc ethylhexanoate (WTR)ZEPC Zinc ethylphenyl dithiocarbamate (WTR)ZIX Zinc isopropyl xanthate (WTR)ZMBI Zinc 2-mercaptobenzimidazoleZMBT Zinc-2-mercaptobenzthiazole

C. ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS BASED ONPOLY(MONOMER) NAMES

The following table contains the abbreviations andacronyms of names of polymeric materials whose basepolymers were obtained by chain polymerization (additionpolymerization), copolymerization, polycondensation (con-densation polymerization), and polyaddition. Note thatthese abbreviations and acronyms do not apply in industryto polymers per se but to polymeric materials, i.e. polymerswith or without additives, fillers, plasticizers, etc.

Abbreviations and acronyms are in part based on thepoly(monomer) nomenclature, i.e., on the names of themonomers used in the manufacture of polymers, sometimeshowever, without a prefix " P " for "poly". The names ofmonomers for copolymers are given in alphabetical orderwithout regard to their prevalence.

Registered trademarks: a) SAN in Japan and the USA; b)PAN in Europe.

Polymers of ASTM DIN ISO IUPAC Other

Acrylic ester 4- acrylonitrile 4- butadiene ABA A/B/A A/B/AAcrylic ester + acrylonitrile + styrene ASA A/S/A A/S/AAcrylic ester -f ethylene EEA E/EAAcrylic acid PAA PASAcrylonitrile PAN PAC PANAcrylonitrile -I- butadiene PBANAcrylonitrile -f- butadiene

+ methyl methacrylate 4- styrene MABSAcrylonitrile-K butadiene 4-styrene ABS ABS ABS ABSAcrylonitrile4- chlorinated poly(ethylene) 4- styrene A/PE-C/S A/CPE/S ACS

Acrylonitrile4-ethylene-propylene-diene 4-styrene A/EPDM/S A/EPDM/S

Acrylonitrile 4 methyl methacrylate AMMA A/MM A A/MMAAcrylonitrile 4-styrene SAN SAN SAN SAN ASAdipic acid 4- hexamethylenediamine PA 6.6 PA 66 PA 66 PA 6.6Adipic acid 4- hexamethylenediamine

4-sebacic acid PA 66/610Adipic acid 4-tetramethylene glycol PTMAAllyl diglycol carbonate ADC/7-Aminobenzoic acid PAB

Polymers of ASTM DIN ISO IUPAC Other

Aminotriazol PATAminoundecanoic acid, 11- PA 11 PA 11Azelaic acid anhydride PAPABisphenol A + phosgene PC PC PC PCBitumen + ethylene ECBButadiene + methyl methacrylate -f styrene MBS MBSButadiene -f styrene (thermoplastic) PBS S/B S/B S/B SBButene-1 PB PB PB BTButyl acrylate PBA PBA PBAButylene glycol + terephthalic acid PBT PBTP PBTP PTMTButyl methacrylate PBMA8-Caprolactam PA 6 PA 6 PA 6 PA 6s-Caprolactam + co-dodecanolactam PA 6/12Chlorotrifluoroethylene PCTFE PCTFE PCTFE PCTFEChlorotrifluoroethylene + ethylene ECTFECresol + formaldehyde CF CF CF CF1,4-CycIohexanedimethylol

+ terephthalic acid PCDTDiallyl chloroendate ( = diallyl ester of

4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo-[2,2,1]-5-heptane-2,3-dicarbonic acid) PDAC

Diallyl fumarate PDAFDiallyl isophthalate PDAIPDiallyl maleate PDAMDiallyl phthalate PDAP PDAP PDAP PDAP DAP1,4-Dichlorobenzene + disodium sulflde PPS PPS2,6-Dimethylphenol -I- oxygen POP PPO ™co-Dodecanolactam (laurolactam) PA 12 PA 12 PA 12 PA 12Ethyl acrylate PEAEthyl acrylate + ethylene EEA E/EA E/EAEthylene PE PE PE PE PL-, chlorinated polymer CPE PE-C PE-C-, cross-linked polymer PE-X VPE-, high-density polymer HDPE PE-HD PE-HD-, high impact polymer PE-HI~, linear low-density polymer LLDPE PE-LLD-, low density polymer LDPE PE-LD PE-LD-, medium density polymer MDPE PE-MD-, very low density linear polymer VLDPE-, ultra-high molar mass polymer UHMW-PE PE-UHMWEthylene + methacrylic acid EMAEthylene 4- maleic anhydride

+ vinyl chloride VC/E/MA VC/E/MAEthylene + methyl methacrylate E/MMA E/MMAEthylene + propylene E/P E/P PEPEthylene + propylene (4- diene) EPDM EPDM EPDMEthylene + tetrafluoroethylene ETFE E/TFE E/TFEEthylene+ vinyl acetate EVA E/VA E/VAC EVACEthylene + vinyl acetate + vinyl chloride VC/E/VAC VC/E/VACEthylene + vinyl chloride VC/E VC/EEthylene glycol PEGEthylene glycol + maleic anhydride UP UP UP UPEthylene glycol + terephthalic acid(ester) PET PET PET PETP PETE-, with glycol comonomer PETG-, fast crystallizing polymer CPET- , oriented polymer OPETEthylene oxide PEO PEOX PEOX PEOFormaldehyde (or trioxane) POM POM POM POMFormaldehyde + furan FF FFFormaldehyde + melamine MF MF MF MFFormaldehyde + melamine + phenol MPFFormaldehyde + phenol PF PF PF PFFormaldehyde + urea UF UF UF UFFurfural + phenol PFFHexafluoropropylene + tetrafluoroethylene FEP FEP FEPHexamethylenediamine + sebacic acid PA 6.10 PA 610 PA 610 PA 6.10

Polymers of ASTM DIN ISO IUPAC Other

p-Hydroxybenzoic acid POB PHB3-Hydroxybutyric acid PHB2-Hydroxyethylmethacrylate PHEMAIsobutene (isobutylene) PlB PIB PIB PIB IMIsocyanurates PIR PIRLaurolactam (dodecanolactam) PA 12 PA 12 PA 12 PA 12Linseed oil, epoxidized ELO ELOMaleic anhydride 4- styrene SMA S/MA SMAMethacrylimide PMI PMIMethyl acrylate PMAMethyl acrylate 4-vinyl chloride VC/MA VC/MAMethyl a-chloromethacrylate PMCAMethyl methacrylate PMMA PMMA PMMA PMMAMethyl methacrylate 4- vinyl chloride VC/MMA4-Methylpentene-1 PMP PMP PMP TPXa-Methylstyrene PMS PMS PAMSoc-Methylstyrene 4- styrene SMS S/MS S/MSOctyl acrylate+ vinyl chloride VC/OA VC/OAPerfluoro alkoxy alkane PFA PFA PFAPhosphoric acid (polymer) PPAPropylene PP PP PP PP- , oriented polymer OPP- , biaxially oriented polymer BOPPPropylene 4- tetrafluoroethylene (alt.) TFE-PPropylene oxide PPOX PPOX PPOXSoybean oil, epoxidized ESO ESOStyrene PS PS PS PS- , expanded (foamed) polymer EPS- , high-impact polymer PS-HI HIPS- , impact resistant polymer SRP IPS- , oriented polymer OPS- , biaxially oriented polymer BPSTetrafluoroethylene PTFE PTFE PTFE PTFETetrahydrofuran PTHF- , polymer with hydroxy endgroups PTMEGTrially] cyanurate PTACTrifluoroethylene P3FETrioxane (4-Co-monomers) POM POM POM POMVinyl acetate PVAC PVAC PVAC PVAC PVAVinyl acetate 4 vinyl chloride PVCA VC/VAC VC/VACW-Vinylcarbazole PVK PVK PVKVinyl chloride PVC PVC PVC PVC PCU;V- , polymerized in bulk M-PVC- , polymerized in emulsion E-PVC- , polymerized in suspension S-PVC- , polymer as flexible film FPVC- , polymer as oriented film OPVC- , polymer as rigid film RPVCVinyl chloride 4 vinylidene chloride VC/VDC VC/VDCVinyl fluoride PVF PVF PVF PVFVinylidene chloride PVDC PVDC PVDC PVDCVinylidene fluoride PVDF PVDF PVDF PVDFVinyl methyl ether PVMEN-Vinylpyrrolidone PVP PVP PVP

D. ABBREVIATIONS FOR POLYMERS N A M E D AFTER A CHARACTERISTIC POLYMER G R O U P

Characteristic polymer group ASTM DIN ISO IUPAC Other

Amide PA PA PA

Amide, aromatic (aryl amide) PARA PAR- , metal coated films PA*!

- , saran coated films PA:

Amide-imide PAI PAI PAI

Characteristic polymer group ASTM DIN ISO IUPAC Other

Arylene sulfone PASBenzimidazole PBlBisphenol A-sulfone PSFCarbodiimide PCDCarbonate, aromatic PC PC PC PCEpoxide (epoxy) EP EP EP EP- , glass fiber reinforced GEPEster, saturated (polyester) SP SP- , thermoplastic TPES- , - , metallized polymer film MPEEster, unsaturated (polyester) UP UP UP UP- , - , glass fiber reinforced FRPEster-alkyd PAKEster-ether (thermoplastic elastomer) TEEEEster-imide PEi PEIEster-urethane PEUREther-fc/odfc-amide PEBA PEBA PEBAEther ether ketone PEEK PEEKEther-imide PEIEther-sulfone PES PES PES PES

PESUImide PI PI PIParabanic acid PPAPhenylene ether PPE PPE PPE PPO ™Phenylene sulfide PPS PPSPhenylene sulfone PPSU PPSU PPSU PSUSilicone (plastics) SI SI SlSulfone PSU PSU PSU PSUUrethane PUR PUR PUR PUR- , thermoplastic TPUR TPU- , thermoset TSUR

E. ABBREVIATIONS FOR POLYMERS PRODUCED BY CHEMICAL TRANSFORMATION OF OTHER POLYMERS

Resulting polymer ASTM DIN ISO IUPAC Other

Carboxymethyl cellulose CMC CMC CMC CMC

Carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose CMHECCasein, crosslinked with formaldehyde CS CS CS CSCellulose, as Cellophan " C- , coated with Saran C*Cellulose acetate CA CA CA CACellulose acetobutyrate CAB CAB CAB CABCellulose acetopropionate CAP CAP CAP CAPCellulose nitrate CN CN CN CN NCCellulose plastics, unspecified CECellulose propionate CP CP CP CPCellulose triacetate CTA CTA CTA TAEthyl cellulose EC EC EC ECHydroxyethyl cellulose HECHydroxypropyl cellulose HPCHydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMCMethyl cellulose MC MCPoly(ethylene), chlorinated CPE PE-C PE-C- , chlorosulfonated CSM CSRPo]y(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) E/VAL EJVAL

EVAL™EVOH

Poly(propylene), chlorinated PPCPoly(vinyl alcohol) PVAL PVAL PVAL PVAL PVOHPoly(vinyl butyral) PVB PVB PVBPoly(vinyl chloride), chlorinated CPVC PVC-C PVC-C PC. PeCePoly(vinyl formal) PVFM PVFM PVFM PVFM

G. ISO CODES FOR THERMOPLASTIC MATERIALS

The standard designation of a thermoplastic materialconsists of

- a description block (giving the type of material),

- a standard number block (consisting of the number ofthe ISO standard or a national standard such as DIN),followed by a hyphen, and

- an individual item block (with five data blocks).

An example is

Molding material DIN 7744-PA 12, XF, 22-030, GF 30

The code letters are arranged after the symbol for thebase polymer according to ISO and DIN; in the technicalliterature, however, they are commonly placed in front ofthe base symbol, following ASTM, which uses similar codeletters and asterisks.

A designation system similar to the above ISO/DINsystem has been recommended by ASTM. A typical ASTMdesignation, for example, would read

Molding material ASTM D-4000 PI000G42360

This molding material is a polyimide (PI), whoseproperties have been specified via cell table G of theASTM standard D-4000. This particular cell table identifiesfive different properties by designating cell limits to the fivedigits following the letter G. According to cell table G, the" 4 " indicates a tensile strength of at least 85MPa. Themeasured flexural modulus is characterized by " 2 " , theIzod impact strength of 50J/m by " 3 " , and the heatdeflection temperature of 3000C by " 6 " . The fifth digit isundetermined; the t c0" indicates an unspecified property.

1. Codes for ISO Data Blocks 1 - 5

T. /. ISO and DIN Codes for Data Block 1 Data block1 of the individual item block contains the abbreviation ofthe chemical name of the material, e.g., PA 12 (seeexample). This abbreviation may be followed by analyticaldata with respect to the composition of the material; anexample is the content of vinyl acetate units in ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers. Such chemical structure data maybe composition, such as content of vinyl acetate (VAC) oracrylonitrile units (AN), configuration as measured byisotacticity ("isotaxy") (IT), branching as revealed bydensity (D).

These analytical data are, however, not the exactanalytical data but rather code numbers for the range(called "cell") which will permit this material to substitutefor a similar one. Separated by a hyphen, other supple-mentary may be given too, e.g., H — homopolymer,P = plasticized, E — polymerized in emulsion, Q = mixtureof different polymers, etc. (see ISO and DIN codes for datablock 1).

Furthermore, ASTM uses * for saran coated polymerfilms and ** for metallized polymer films. The technicalliterature indicates biaxially oriented films by BO andoriented films by O (see Abbreviations in alphabeticalorder).

Code ISO data block 1 DIN data block 1

A -B Block copolymerC Chlorinated ChlorinatedD - DensityE Polymerization in emulsion Expanded or expandableF - Flexible or fluid (liquid

state)G -H Homopolymer High

F. ABBREVIATIONS FOR BLENDS, REINFORCED

POLYMERS, ETC.

For mixtures of polymers, ISO recommends that thesymbols for the parent polymers be put in parentheses,

separated by a plus sign; for example, (PMMA -f ABS)for a physical blend of poly(methyl methacrylate) andABS.

ASTM recommends GP for "general purpose" and SSfor "single stage".

Resulting polymer ASTM DIN ISO IUPAC Other

Bulk molding compound BMCElastomers, thermoplastic- , - , containing ester and ether groups TEEE- , - , olefin-based TEO- , - , styrene-based TESEpoxide, glass fiber reinforced EP-G GEPPlastic, carbon fiber reinforced KEK CFP- , glass fiber reinforced GFK- , man-made fiber reinforced CFK~, metal fiber reinforced MFKPoly(acrylonitrile-co-styrene)

-f chlorinated polyethylene) ACS u

Poly(styrene), rubber-modified SRP IPS HIPSSheet molding compound SMC- , with high glass fiber content HMC

Code ISO data block 1 DIN data block 1

1 - Impact resistantJ -K -L - Linear or lowM Bulk polymerization Medium or molecularN - Normal or novolacO -P Plasticized PlasticizedQ Mixtures of different polymers -R Random copolymer Resol; formerly also:

raised (enhanced)S Polymerization in suspensionT -U Unplasticized Ultra or unplasticizedV - VeryW - Weight (mass)X No indication Crosslinked or

crosslinkableY - -Z — —

1.2. ISO Codes for Items in Data Block 2 Data block2 may comprise up to four letters which give qualitativeinformation. The first letter denotes the intended applica-tion, e.g., B = blow molding, G = general purpose, X = noindication (see example). The following letters 2, 3, and 4can code up to three essential additives or supplementaryinformation, for example, D = powder (dry blend),F = special burning characteristics (see example), L = lightand weather stabilizer, etc.

Code Position 1 Code Positions 2-4

A Adhesives A Antioxidant for processingB Blow molding B Antiblocking agentC Calendering C ColoredD Disc manufacture D Powder (dry blend)E Extrusion (pipes, profiles, E Additive for expansion

sheets)F Extrusion (films, foils) F Special burning

characteristicsG General purpose G Granules (pellets)H Coating H Heat aging stabilizerK Cable and wire insulation KL Extrusion (monofilament) L Light and weather

stabilizerM Injection molding M -N - N Natural (not colored)P Paste resin P Polymer modifierQ Compression molding Q -R Rotational molding R Mold release agentS Powder spray sintering S Slip agent, lubricantT Tape manufacture T Improved transparencyW - W Stabilized against

hydrolysisX No indication X -Y Textile yarn YZ - Z Antistatic agent

1.3. ISO Codes for Items in Data Block 3 Data block3 contains quantitative information about the designatedproperties. Such properties include

Molar mass indicators Intrinsic viscosity IV("viscosity number")

Fikentscher's K value FK(viscosity-based quantityfor PVC)

Macrostructure data Bulk density BDRheological data Melt flow rate MFR

(melt flow index)Thermal data Vicat temperature VST

Torsional stiffness TSTtemperature

Mechanical properties Modulus of elasticity ETensile stress at 100% TS

strainShore hardness SHImpact strength (notched) ISN

Each material is characterized by one or more than oneproperty. The following leading criteria are used for thevarious polymers:

Poly(ethylene) D, MFRPoly(propylene) I, MFRPoly(styrene) and acrylonitrile- VST, MFR

styrene copolymerStyrene-acrylonitrile copolymer VST, MFR, ANStyrene-butadiene copolymer VST, MFR, ISNAcrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene,

and acrylonitrile-styrene- VST, MFR, ISN, ANacrylic acid copolymers

Ethylene- vinyl acetate copolymer VAC, MFRPoly(vinyl chloride) IV, (FK), BDPoly(vinyl chloride), unplasticized VST, E, ISNPoly(vinyl chloride), plasticized TS, SH, TSTPolyamide IV, EPolycarbonate IV, MFR, EPoly(methyl methacrylate) IV, VSTPolyethylene terephthalate) IV

In the example for a polyamide 12, the code "22-030" ofdata block 3 indicates a polymer with an intrinsic viscosityof 210ml/g ("cell 22"), and a modulus of elasticity of280MPa ("cell 030"). On the other hand, "20-D050" indata block 3 for a poly(ethylene) tested according to DIN16776 means a material with a density within cell "020"(e.g., 0.918 g/cm3) and a melt flow rate within the cell"050" (e.g., 4.2g/min), measured under condition D (atemperature of 1900C under a load of 2.16 kg). Thedefinition of cells for each material and testing procedurecan be found in special tables.

1.4. ISO Codes for Extending and Reinforcing Fillers(Data Block 4) Data block 4 gives information about thetype and content of fillers or reinforcing materials. The first

letter gives the type of filler: C = carbon, G = glass, etc. Thesecond letter indicates the shape of the filler: F —fiber,S = spheres, etc. The third position is a code for the weightcontent of the filler, e.g., "30" for the "cell" (range) 27.5-32.5 wt.%.

Code Position 1 Code Position 2(material) (form or structure)

B Boron B Balls, beads, spheresC Carbon C Chips, cuttingsD - D Powder (dry blend)E Clay EF - F FiberG Glass G Ground, grinding stockH - H WhiskerK Calcium carbonate K Knitted fabricL Cellulose L LayerM Mineral, metal M Mat (thick)N - N Non-woven (fabric, thin)P Mica P PaperQ Silicon QR Aramid R RovingS Synthetic, organic S Scale, flake (spheres: now B)T Talcum T CordV - V VeneerW Wood W Woven fabricX Not specified X Not specifiedZ Others Z Others

1.5. ISO Codes for Data Block 5 Data block 5 isreserved for specifications based on individual agreementsbetween supplier and customer. It may code additionalrequirements, restrictions, or supplemental information.

H. SPI CODES FOR THE RECYCLING OF PLASTICS

Number code Letter code Polymer

1 PETE Polyethylene terephthalate)2 HDPE High-density poly(ethylene)3 V Vinyl chloride polymers4 LDPE Low-density poly(ethylene)5 PP Poly(propylene)6 PS Poly(styrene)7 - All other plastics, including

multilayered materials

I. RECOMMENDED ABBREVIATIONS ANDACRONYMS FOR NAMES OF ELASTOMERS

Names of elastomers are listed in alphabetical order of thenames of their monomers, regardless of their proportions. A"PM" indicates an after-treatment of the polymer; "Other"refers to old or often used "unofficial" abbreviations; #indicates that the abbreviation is recommended by IUPAC.

Monomers (incl. after-treatment of PM) ASTM BS ISO Other

Acrylic ester 4- acrylonitrile ANMAcrylic ester 4- butadiene ABR# ARAcrylester (4- saturated vulcanizable comonomer) ACMAcrylonitrile -f butadiene NBR# GR-N-, PM contains carboxylic groups XNBR-, PM is hydrogenated H-NBRAcrylonitrile 4- butadiene -f styrene, PM contains COOH groups XABSButadiene BR# BP, CBRButadiene 4- styrene SBR# SBR GR-SButadiene -I- styrene, PM contains COOH groups XSBRButadiene 4- styrene, elastomeric triblock copolymers YSBR SBSButadiene -I- styrene, elastomeric block copolymers with COOH groups YXSBRButadiene 4- 2-vinylpyridine PBR#Butadiene 4- 2-vinylpyridine 4- styrene PSBRChloroprene CR# CRChloroprene 4- acrylonitrile NCR#Chloroprene 4- styrene SCR#Cyclooctene (trans polymer) TORCyclopentene (trans polymer) TPA, TPREpichlorohydrine CO# CO CHREpichlorohydrine 4- ethylene oxide ECO CHCEthylene (PM postchlorinated) CMEthylene (PM perchlorosulfonated) CSM CSPR CSREthylene 4- acrylic ester EAMEthylene 4- ethyl acrylate EEA E/EAEthylene 4-propylene EPM EPR EPM APEthylene 4- propylene f non-conjugated diene EPDM EPTR APT, EPTEthylene 4- vinyl acetate EVMEthylene 4- tetrafluoroethylene ETFEFiuorinated carbon chains (substituents: fluoroperfluoroalkyl-, perfluoroalkoxy-) FKM FPMHexafluoropropylene 4- tetrafluoroethylene FEPHexafluoropropylene + vinylidenefluoride FPMIsobutylene PIB# PIB PIB PIS

Monomers (incl. after-treatment of PM) ASTM BS ISO Other

Isobutylene + isoprene IIR# Butyl GR-I, PIBIIsobutylene 4- isoprene (postbrominated PM) BIIRIsobutylene -f isoprene (postchlorinated PM) CIIRIsoprene (natural rubber) NR# NKIsoprene (natural rubber, easy-processing) SPIsoprene (natural rubber, standardized Indonesian) SIRIsoprene (natural rubber, standardized Malaysian) SMRIsoprene (natural rubber, technical classification) TCIsoprene (synthetic rubbers) IR# IR CPI, PIPIsoprene (chlorinated PM) RUCIsoprene + acrylonitrile NIRIsoprene -h styrene SIR#Isoprene -f styrene (triblock copolymer) SISIsoprene 4- styrene (hydrogenated triblock copolymer) SEBSNorbornene PNRPhosphonitrile dichloride, with fluorine-containing substituents PNFPropylene oxide PO OPRPropylene oxide + allylglycidyl ether GPO PORSilicone with fluoro substituents FQSilicone with fluoro + methyl substituents FMQ MFQSilicone with fluoro 4- methyl 4- vinyl substituents FVMQSilicone with methyl substituents MQSilicone with phenyl substituents PQSilicone with phenyl 4- methyl substituents PMQ MPQSilicone with phenyl 4- vinyl 4- methyl substituents PVMQ MPVQSilicone with vinyl substituents VQSilicone with vinyl 4- methyl substituents VMQ MVQSulfides (thioplastics) T, TR, OTTetrafluoroethylene 4- trifluoronitrosomethane4- nitrosoperfluorobutyric acid (nitroso rubber) AFMU CNRUrethane elastomers UE URUrethane elastomers with polyester segments AU AUUrethane elastomers with polyether segments EU EUUrethane-polyester elastomers, crosslinkable by isocyanates AU-IUrethane-polyester elastomers, crosslinkable by peroxides AU-PVinylidenefluoride 4- hexafluoropropylene FPM FPMTetrafluoroethylene 4- perfluoralkylvinyl ether PFAThermoplastic elastomers, in general TPEL TPE, TPRThermoplastic olefin elastomers TPE-O, TPOThermoplastic elastomers on basis styrene-diene TPE-SThermoplastic elastomers on basis ester TPE-EThermoplastic elastomers on basis ether-amide TPE-A

The following abbreviations are also used. ICR: rubber from undiluted latex of natural rubber (initial concentration rubber); OER: oil-extended rubber; RTV: room temperaturevulcanization.

J. ABBREVIATIONS FOR TEXTILE FIBERS*

Short Name Abbreviation

Name ISO FTC DIN ASTM ETG

NATURAL PROTEIN FIBERS (SILK)Mulberry spinner (Bombyx mori L) Ms SETussah Ts

NATURAL PROTEIN HBERS (WOOL)Alpaca (Llama pacos) Ap WPAngora rabbit ("Angorakaninchen") Ak WABeaver " r B

* ISO: International Standardization Organization; FTC: US Federal Trade Commission; DIN: German Standards (Deutsches Institut fur Normung), DIN60001; '*..." indicates the German word from which the abbreviation or acronym was derived; ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials; ETG:European Textile Characterization Law.

Short Name Abbreviation

Name ISO FTC DIN ASTM ETG

Cashmere goat ("Kaschmir-Ziege") Kz WS

Guanaco WULlama Lm WLMohair Mo WMOtter WTSheep Wo WO- , virgin wool WVVicuna Vi WGYak WY

NATURAL PROTEIN FIBERS (HAIRS)Camel ("KameD Km WKCow ("Rind") RiGoat ("Haar der Ziege") HzHare ("Hase") HsHorse ("Rosshaar") RhHuman ("Haar") HARabbit ("Kaninchen") KnTibetan goat ("Tibetziege") Tz

NATURAL CELLULOSE FIBERS (TEXTILE FIBERS)Cotton ("Baumwolle") Bw COFlax Fl LI- , linen LI- , half-linen HFRamie Ra RA

NATURAL CELLULOSE FIBERS (HARD FIBERS AND OTHERS)Alfalfa ALBroom ("Ginster") GlCalatropis AnCoirrKokos") Ko CCEsparto grass [alfa) AgHemp (Cannabis) CA- , Bombay (Sunn hemp) Sn SN--, Manila (Abaca) Ma ABHenequen (Agave) HeJute Ju JUKapok Kp KPKenaf Kf KEMaguey MGMauritius fiber (Fique) FiMoss, American TlPhormium (New Zealand flax) NfRosella RoSisal Si SIUrena Ur

REGENERATED POLYSACCHARIDE FIBERSAlginate AL AGCellulose Cupro Cupra CC CU

(rayon)Viscose Rayon CV VIModal Rayon MDDeacetylated Rayon

AcetateCellulose 2 1/2 acetate Acetate Acetate CA CA ACCellulose triacetate triacetate triacetate CT CTA TA

REGENERATED PROTEIN FIBERSArdein fibers ARCasein fibers KR CSRegenerated protein fibers,in general Protein Azlon PRZein fibers ZE

Short Name Abbreviation

Name ISO FTC DIN ASTM ETG

SYNTHETIC FIBERSElastodiene fibers LA EU ELFluoro fiber FLPoly(acrylonitrile) Acrylic Acrylic PAC PAN PANPoly(acrylonitrile), copolymeric Modacrylic Modacrylic PAM MAPolyamide, aliphatic Nylon, Nylon,

Polyamide Polyamide PA PA PAPolyamide, aromatic Aramide AramidePolyester [poly(ethylene tere-phthalate] Polyester Polyester PES PET PL- , [from ethylene glycol, tere-phthalic acid and p-hydro-oxybenzoic acid] PEEPoly(ethylene) Polyethylene Olefin PE PE PEPolypropylene) Polypropylene Olefin PP PP PPPoly(styrene) (>88% sty) PSTPolyurea PUA PBPolyurethane PUR PUR PU- , segmented Elastan Spandex PUE EAPoly(vinyl alcohol) Vinylal Vinal PVA VYPoly(vinyl chloride) (>85% VC) Chlorofiber PVCPoly(vinyl chloride), copolymeric Chlorofiber Vinyon PVMPoly(vinylidene chloride),copolymeric Chlorofiber Saran PVDTrivinyl fiber TV

INORGANIC FIBERSAsbestos As ASGlass Glass Glass GL GLMetal MT MEMineral (rock wool) STSlag wool SL

OTHER FIBERSUnspecified fibers AFUnknown fibers TR