sedimentology & sedimentery environments
TRANSCRIPT
Sedimentology & Sedimentery Environments
A Liassic Tide-dominated Estuary in the Neyriz Formation Type Locality,Eastern Zagros, South Iran
Ali Hossein Jalilian*
Assistant Professor, Geology Department of Payame Noor University, I. R. [email protected]
Abstract:
The Neyriz Formation (Sinemurian-Pliensbachian) represents the lowermost Jurassic strata in the Zagros fold-thrustbelt (ZFTB) which consists mainly of carbonates and shale with minor constituents of limestone conglomerates andglauconitic sandstones with a thickness about 50m in its middle part. This study focuses on lithofacies analysis andreconstruction of depositional environment of siliciclastic deposits in type locality of the formation in Fars Province(eastern zagros). This carbonate-clastic succession deposited in various part of a confined and shallow sea(epicontinental) in south of the Main Zagros Reverse fault line. The lower part of the Neyriz Formation is composedof dolostone and shale facies deposited in inner part of a ramp platform especially a tide-dominated systemassociated with the first transgression of Jurassic sea over the eastern part the ZFTB. Increased clastic influx,resulting from erosion of continental areas in northeastern ZFTB in the Middle Liassic, led to the development ofcoastal plain and eventually carbonate production ceased at that part of the basin.This drastic change ofsedimentary regime resulted in the expanding of a tide-dominated estuary system in the High Zagros Belt anddeposition of clastic facies in the middle part of the Neyriz Formation. This conclusion confirmed by evidences suchas herringbone cross-bedding, limited lateral extension (channel structure), fining-upward successions, erosionalbase and surrounding the clastics by coastal facies and tidal flat carbonates. This unit is unique in the Mesozoicsedimentary cover of the ZFTB and it may well be related to the Lower Jurassic continental siliciclastics (Shemshakequivalent) of the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone.
Keywords: Tidal Estuary, Neyriz Formation, Type Locality, Zagros Jurassic
(James and Wynd, 1965)
(Crasquin-Soleau and Khosrow Tehrani, 1995)
(Banner et al., 1997; Lasemi and Jalilian, 2010)
(Sharland et al., 2001; Ziegler, 2001)
AC(Szabo and Kheradpir, 1978)
D
(Folk, 1980)
(Walker and James, 1992)
(Reading, 1996)
A
(Flat pebble)
B
(Pratt et al., 1992; Davis, 2012)
(James and Wynd, 1965)
(Reverse fabric)
(Tucker, 2001; Boggs, 2009)
(Johson and Baldwin, 1996; Einsele, 2000)
(Folk, 1980)
CD
(Amorosi, 1997)
((Bornhold and Giresse, 1985; Kelly and Webb, 1999)
(Prothero and Shwab, 2014)
(Reading and Collinson, 1996; Selley, 1996)
(A
(B
(C
(D(L. C. U: Lower Carbonate Unit)
(S. U: Siliciclastic Unit)(U. C. U: Upper Carbonate Unit)
(Nichols and Biggs, 1985; Nichols, 2009)
(A(B
(C
(DXPL)
(Alavi, 2007; Berberian and King, 1981)
(Dalrymple et al., 1992; 2012)
(Einsele, 2000;
Boggs, 2009)
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research. Sedimentary Geology, 109: 135-153.Banner, F. T., Whitaker, J. E., Boudagher, M. And Samuel, A. 1997. Socotaria, A new Hauraniid Genus from the
Upper Lias of the Middle East. Revue de Micropaleontologie, 40(2): 115-123.Berberian, M. and King, C. G. P. 1981. Towards a paleogeography and tectonic evolution of Iran. Canadian Journal
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Bulletin, 49(12): 2182-2245.Johnson, H. D. and Baldwin, C. T. 1996. Shallow clastic seas. In: Reading, H. G., (Ed). Sedimentary Environments:
Processes, Facies and Stratigraphy. Blackwell, p. 232-280.Kelly, J. C. and Webb, J. A. 1999. The genesis of glaucony in the Oligo-Miocene Torquay Group, southeastern
Australia: petrographic and geochemical evidence: Sedimentary Geology, 125: 99-114.Lasemi, Y. and Jalilian, A. H. 2010. The Middle Jurassic basinal deposits of the Surmeh Formation in the Central
Zagros Mountains, southwest Iran: Facies, Stacking pattern and Controls. Carbonates and Evaporites, 25: 283-295.
Nichols, G. 2009. Sedimentology and Stratigraphy. Wiley-Blackwell, 419 p.Nichols, M. M. and Biggs, R. B. 1985. Estuaries. In: Davis, J. R. A., (Ed). Coastal Sedimentary Environments.
Springer-Verlag, pp. 77-173.Prothero, D. R. and Shwab, F. 2014. Sedimentary geology. Third edition, W. H. Freeman and Company, 604 p.Pratt, B. R., James, N. P. and Cowan, C. A. 1992. Peritidal carbonates. In: Walker, R. G. and James, N. P., (Eds).
Facies models response to sea level change. Geological Association of Canada, p. 303 322.Reading, H. G. (Ed), 1996. Sedimentary Environments: Processes, Facies and Stratigraphy. Blackwell, 688 p.Reading, H. G. and Collinson, J. D. 1996. Clastic coasts. In: Reading, H. G., 1996 (Ed). Sedimentary Environments:
Processes, Facies and Stratigraphy. Blackwell, p. 154-231.Selley, R. C. 1996. Ancient sedimentary environments and their sub-surface diagnosis. 4th Edition, Chapman and
Hall, London, 315 p.Sharland, P. R., Archer, R., Casey, D. M., Davies, R. B., Hall, S. H., Heward, H. P., Horbory, A. D. and Simons, M.
D. 2001. Arabian plate sequence stratigraphy. GeoArabia, Gulf Petrolink, Bahrain, 370 p.Szabo, F. and Kheradpir, A. 1978. Permian and Triassic stratigraphy, Zagros basin, south-west Iran. Journal of
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The Effect of Kharv (E Neyshabour) Triassic-Jurassic Sediments on theDistribution of Heavy Metals on the soil
Mehdi Khalili*1, Rahim Dabriri 2 and Habib Torshizian3
1 M.Sc., Department of Geology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
2 Assoc. Prof., Department of Geology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
3 Assis. Prof., Department of Geology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract:
In this research, the Effect of Kharv upper Triassic- lower Jurassic Sediments on the Distribution ofHeavy Metals on the soil has been investigated. For this purpose, multivariate statistical methods(Pearson
coefficient analysis, Cluster analysis, and principal component analysis) and zoning maps of heavymetals in the region were used to understand the correlation between the components. Based on theanalysis, two different lithogenic sources can be proposed for these elements in the area. The Triassic-Jurassic sediments can be considered as the source for the titanium, arsenic and zinc and Neogenesediments are the sources of the sulfur in the study area.
Keywords : Heavy metals, upper Triassic- Jurassic lower sediments, Kharv
Hamilton,1998
Järup,2003
Sharma,2007
Hasegawa,1997
Neal,2009
Aubert,1977
NgfNgm
Ngr
Qt1
Qt2
SPSS18
.
(r=0.776, p<0.01)(r=0.793, p<0.01)
(r=-0.730, p<0.01)(r=-0.641, p<0.01)(r=-0.743, p<0.01)
r
As_ppm Cu_ppm S_ppm Ti_ppm Zn_ppmAs_ppm 1Cu_ppm .486 1
S_ppm -.730 -.401 1Ti_ppm .632 .216 -.641 1Zn_ppm .776** -.743 .213 .793** 1
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
GIS
(Mandal,2002)
24.69ppm16.52ppm
13ppm
317.619000ppm2970.6ppm
NgmNgfEC
70ppm
Lindsay,1979
96ppm
306.5ppm70ppm
4600ppm
3346ppm4491ppm
(r=0.776, p<0.01)(r=0.793, p<0.01)
4. Aubert, H. and Pinta, M. 1977. Trace Elements in soils. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company
5. Hamilton, J.W., Kaltreider, R.C., Bajenova, O.V., Ihnat, M.A., McCaffrey, J., Turpie, B.W., Rowell,E.E., Oh, J., Nemeth, M.J., Pesce, C.A. and Lariviere, J.P., 1998. Molecular basis for effects ofcarcinogenic heavy metals on inducible gene expression. Environmental health perspectives, 106(Suppl4), p.1005.
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7. Järup, L., 2003. Hazards of heavy metal contamination. British medical bulletin, 68(1), pp.167-182.
8. Lindsay,W.L.,1980. Chemical equilibria in soils. John Wiley and sons.New YORK
9. Mandal, B.K. and Suzuki, K.T., 2002. Arsenic round the world: a review. Talanta, 58(1), pp.201-235.
10. Nael, M. 2009. The effect of parent material and method formation and evolution of soils on thedistribution some of major and trace elements in forest soils of FoomanMasouleh region. PHD. Thesis,Department of Soil Sciences, Isfahan University of technology, Isfahan, Iran. (in Persian with English
abstract
11. Sharma, R.K., Agrawal, M. and Marshall, F., 2007. Heavy metal contamination of soil and vegetablesin suburban areas of Varanasi, India. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 66(2), pp.258-266.
Sequence stratigraphic framework in an extensional sedimentary basin: Thesiliciclastic Ab-Haji Formation (Early Jurassic), east-central Iran
Mohammad Ali Salehi1*, Reza Moussavi-Harami2, Asadollah Mahboubi2
1Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Iran; ([email protected])2 Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
Abstract:
The Lower Jurassic Ab-Haji Formation consists of siliciclastic strata which are widespread and superbly exposedacross the Tabas and Lut blocks of east-central Iran. The sequence stratigraphy analysis of the formation is crucialfor palaeogeographic and palaeoenvironmental reconstructions during the Early Jurassic. Within this study, wemeasured and studied seven outcrop sections of the Ab-Haji Formation and based on facies change, major sequencestratigraphy surfaces and stacking patterns, the system tracts and depositional sequence were identified. Sequencestratigraphic analysis of the studied sections and its correlation showed four major regressive and transgressive
stages during the deposition of the Ab-Haji Formation in east central Iran. The most complete depositionalsequences (three complete third-order depositional sequences and one incomplete sequence) were deposited in someparts of basin with maximum subsidence rate, while, the sections located on uplifted parts of the basin, erosion andnon-deposition prevailed or only one complete third-order depositional sequence were deposited. The pattern ofdepositional sequences confirm a tectonic model showing large tilted fault blocks in an extensional basin in east-central Iran during Early Jurassic.
Keywords : Sequence stratigraphy . Extensional basins . Ab-Haji Fm . Early Jurassic . East-central Iran
Salehi et al., 2014a, b
Gawthorpe et al., 1994; Howell and Flint, 1996; Martins-Neto and Catuneanu, 2010Howell and
Flint, 1996
Wilmsen et al., 2009
Wilmsen et al., 2009
Miall, 2006
Salehi et al., 2014a
Catuneanu et al., 2009; 2011FSSTLSTTSTHST
LSTTSTHST
Wilmsen et al., 2009
Wilmsen et al., 2009
Al-Husseini, 1997
LSTTSTHST
A D
DS1SB1
A
GcmGtSeStSpShSrLST
FlLSTTS
FlFm
TSTC
MFSBC
TSTHamilton and Tadros, 1994
Bohacs and Suter, 1997; Jerrett
et al., 2011HSTStSpShFl
DS1ShFl
DS2TSFl
TST
Fl(Sr)Fl
TSTMFSC-
DD
LST
TSTHST
A
SB1B-
TSTHSTMFSC
TSTD
LSTTSTHST
TSTHSTLSTTST
HST
LSTTSTHST
TSTHST
TSTHSTLST
TSTHSTTSTHST
TSTHST
LSTTSTHST
TST
MFS
Salehi et al., 2014a
Haq et al., 1987
LSTTSTHST
LSTTSTHST
TSTHST
TST
-
TST
Salehi et al., 2014a, b
LSTTSTHST
-
ReferencesAl-Husseini, M. 1997. Jurassic sequence stratigraphy of the western and southern Persian Gulf. GeoArabia 2: 361 82.Bohacs, K.M. & Suter, J. 1997. Sequence stratigraphic distribution of coaly rocks; fundamental controls and paralic
examples. American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) Bulletin 81: 1612 1639.Catuneanu, O., Abreu, V., Bhattacharya, J.P., Blum, M.D., Dalrymple, R.W., Eriksson, P.G., Fielding, C.R., Fisher,
W.L., Galloway, W.E., Gibling, M.R., Giles, K.A., Holbrook, J.M., Jordan, R., Kendall, C.G.S.C., Macurda, B.,Martinsen, O.J., Miall, A.D., Neal, J.E., Nummedal, D., Pomar, L., Posamentier, H.W., Pratt, B.R., Sarg, J.F.,Shanley, K.W., Steel, R.J., Strasser, A., Tucker, M.E. & Winker, C. 2009. Towards the standardization of sequencestratigraphy. Earth-Science Reviews 92: 1 33.
Catuneanu, O., Galloway, W.E., Kendall, C.G.S.C., Miall, A.D., Posamentier, H.W., Strasser, A. & Tucker M.E.2011. Sequence Stratigraphy: Methodology and Nomenclature. Newsletters on Stratigraphy 44: 173 245.
Gawthorpe, R.L., Fraser, A.J. & Collier, R.E.L. 1994. Sequence stratigraphy in active extensional basins: Implicationsfor the interpretation of ancient basin-fills. Marine and Petroleum Geology 11: 642 658.
Hamilton, D.S. & Tadros, N.Z. 1994. Utility of coal seams as genetic stratigraphic sequence boundaries in nonmarinebasins; an example from the Gunnedah Basin, Australia. American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)Bulletin 78: 267 286.
Haq, B.U., Hardenbol, J. & Vail, P.R. 1987. Chronology of fluctuating sea levels since the Triassic (250 million yearsago to present). Science 235: 1156 1166.
Howell, J.A. & Flint, S.S., 1996. A model for high resolution sequence stratigraphy within extensional basins. In:Howell, J.A. & Aitken, J.F. (eds.), High Resolution Sequence Stratigraphy: Innovations and Applications.Geological Society London, Special Publications 104: 129 137.
Jerrett, R.M., Hodgson, D.M., Flint, S.S. & Davies, R.C. 2011. Control of relative sea level and climate on coalcharacter in the Westphalian C (Atokan) Four Corners Formation, central Appalachian Basin, U.S.A. Journal ofSedimentary Research 81: 420 445.
Miall, A.D. 2006. The geology of fluvial deposits, sedimentary facies, basin analysis, and petroleum geology, 4th edn.Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 582 pp
Martins-Neto, M.A. & Catuneanu, O. 2010. Rift sequence stratigraphy. Marine and Petroleum Geology 27: 247 253.Salehi, M.A., Moussavi-Harami, S.R., Mahboubi, A. & Rahimi, B. 2014a. Palaeoenvironment and basin architecture
of the Lower Jurassic Ab-Haji Fm, east-Salehi, M.A., Moussavi-Harami, S.R., Mahboubi, A., Wilmsen, M. & Heubeck, C. 2014b. Tectonic and
paleogeographic implications of compositional variations within the siliciclastic Ab-Haji Formation (Lower
Wilmsen, M., Fürsich, F.T., Seyed-Emami, K. & Majidifard, M.R. 2009a. An overview of the stratigraphy and faciesdevelopment of the Jurassic System on the Tabas Block, east-central Iran. In: Brunet, M. -F., Wilmsen, M. &Granath J.W. (eds), South Caspian to central Iran basins. Geological Society London, Special Publications 312:323 343.
Interval Zone Interval Zone
Biostratigraphy and Depositional Environment of Arab Member in PersianGulf
Zohreh Ghalandari1, Mohammad Vahidinia2*, Seyed Reza Mousavi Harami3
1Ph.D student, Stratigraphy and Paleontology, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Iran, [email protected]*Associate Professor, Department of Geology Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Iran, [email protected]
3Professor, Department of Geology Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Iran, [email protected]:The upper part of Surmeh Formation (Arab Member) with the Late Jurassic age, is the oldest Formation of KhamiGroup. In this study, Biostratigraphy and Depositional environments of Arab Member of the Surmeh Formation inwell #2 in Balal oil field have been studied. Lithology of Arab Member in this studied section, with 96 metersthickness consists of Limestone, fine to medium crystal Dolomite, anhydrite layers of fine crystal.It is overline by
Hith Formation and overlying the Diayb Formation. According to the study of 200 thin sections of drill cutting,Based on the assemblage of algal remains and also benthic foraminifera, 2 biozones were identified include ofClypeina jurassic Zone, Kurnubia Jurassica Interval Zone based of these biozones Arab Member is Late Jurassicnumber 12 Microfacies Supratidal,Intertidal, Lagoon and Schoal was detected. This indicates that the depositionalEnvironment of the Arab Member of Surmeh Formation was carbonate ramp platform.
Keywords Arab Member, Surmeh Formation, Depositional Environment, Microfacie, Persian Gulf
1372
.
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.
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.
.
.
.
( 1382
.
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(Wynd, 1965)
:
sp spsp
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(Wynd, 1965)
sp
(Selly,2000)4
:
RMF 25
. (El Tabakh et al, 2003;
Mareno et al.,2008)
(Alsharhan and kandal,2003)RMF 25
RMF 22
:
.
.
.RMF 20
.
.
.
. RMF 22.
:
RMF20
.
.
.
. .
.
.
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.
RMF 17
RMF30
.
.
. RMF 12
RMF
16
RMF
17
.
Interval Zone
Interval Zone
200
.
.
.
References
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