SeeleyEssentials of Anatomy and Physiology

6th Edition

Chapter 3

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Question 1

The major molecules that make up the cell membrane are

A. carbohydrates and proteins.

B. carbohydrates and nucleic acids.

C. phospholipids and proteins.

D. nucleic acids and fatty acids.

E. water and cholesterol.

Question 2

In the fluid mosaic model, the molecules of the double layer (bilayer) are

A. cholesterol.

B. phospholipids.

C. carbohydrates.

D. nucleic acids.

E. proteins.

Question 3

Which of these organelles is surrounded by a double membrane layer, in which there are many pores?

A. nucleus

B. rough endoplasmic reticulum

C. Golgi apparatus

D. lysosomes

E. both a and b

Question 4

In which of these organelles is chromatin found?

A. lysosomes

B. rough endoplasmic reticulum

C. Golgi apparatus

D. secretory vesicles

E. nucleus

Question 5

Which of these organelles function as intracellular digestive systems and contain enzymes?

A. lysosomes

B. rough endoplasmic reticulum

C. Golgi apparatus

D. nucleus

E. secretory vesicles

Question 6

As a result of exercise, there is an increase in the number of ________ in muscle cells.

A. nuclei

B. mitochondria

C. lysosomes

D. Golgi apparatus

E. smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 7

Which of these structures contains microtubules?

A. cilia

B. cytoplasm

C. flagella

D. all of these

Question 8

Large polar molecules that are not lipid-soluble, such as glucose and amino acids, move across the cell membrane by

A. dissolving in the lipid bilayer.

B. moving through membrane channels.

C. being transported by carrier molecules.

D. being transported by vesicles.

Question 9

Given these characteristics: moves against the concentration gradient; requires energy in the form of ATP; requires carrier molecules. Which of these processes is described?

A. diffusion

B. facilitated diffusion

C. active transport

D. exocytosis

E. phagocytosis

Question 10

Formation of a secretory vesicle, fusion of the secretory vesicle to the cell membrane, and release of the contents of the secretory vesicle outside the cell describes

A. diffusion.

B. facilitated diffusion.

C. active transport.

D. phagocytosis.

E. exocytosis.

Question 11

Aerobic respiration produces ______ ATP molecules, ______ require oxygen to be available, and produces _____ as end product(s).

A. 2, does not, CO2 and water

B. 2, does, lactic acid

C. 36-38, does not, lactic acid

D. 36-38, does, CO2 and water

Question 12

A sequence of nucleotides in DNA that provides a chemical set of instructions for making a specific protein is called a

A. codon.

B. anticodon.

C. peptide bond.

D. mRNA.

E. gene.

Question 13

mRNA is copied from

A. DNA.

B. tRNA.

C. ribosomes.

D. polypeptide chains.

E. rRNA.

Question 14

By the process of mitosis in a human cell, ______ daughter cells are produced, each of which has ______ chromosomes.

A. 2, 46

B. 2, 23

C. 4, 46

D. 4, 23

E. 8, 23

Question 15

The process of meiosis

A. includes meiosis I, II, and III.

B. results in the production of sperm cells or oocytes.

C. produces 4 diploid cells.

D. produces gametes that are identical to the parent cell.

E. produces new cells for growth or tissue repair.

Question 16

All of the following are functions of the cell EXCEPT:

A. Communication

B. Energy production and destruction

C. Movement

D. Protection and support

E. Inheritance

Question 17

The _______ is the predominant liquid or gas in a solution and ______ are one or more substances that are dissolved in that liquid or gas.

A. solute; solutions

B. solvent; solutions

C. solvent; solutes

D. solute; solvents

E. solutions; solvents

Question 18

If an animal cell is placed in a ________ solution, where there is a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of water than the cytoplasm of the cell, the cell will typically undergo ________.

A. hypotonic; lysis

B. hypotonic; crenation

C. hypertonic; lysis

D. hypertonic; crenation

E. isotonic; no changes

Question 19

Specialized extension of the cell membrane that are supported by microfilaments and function to increase the surface area of cells are

A. microvilli.

B. cilia.

C. flagella.

D. centrioles.

E. centrosomes.

Answer Key

1. C2. B3. A4. E5. A6. B7. D8. C9. C10. E

11. D12. E13. A14. A15. B16. B17. C18. D19. A