selection processes in different countries.ppt

8/18/2019 selection processes in different countries.ppt

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Brian Staines, Head of GuidanceCareers Service , University of Bristol

Selection process indifferent cultures


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2

Different cultures have many similarities intheir selection process, but somefundamental differences.

What are they?

Even within same culture different employers

use different methods.


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3 Case Study: UK Interview

!ne"to"one interviews

#anel interviews

$elephone interviews

%ormal &nterviews&nformal chats

Business Case Studies

#resentations

Second sta'e interviews

(ssessment Centres


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4 InterviewsSo What Will They As ! "uestions on#$

). *our motivation for applyin'

+. What you now about the -ob or'anisation Bigger Picture

/. Evidence for the s ills they need, e.'.0o How you cope with problems and challenges? o How adaptable you are to change? o Tell us a time when you showed initiative

1. Self"awareness 2 e.'. stren'ths, wea nesses 3

4. Career Direction

5. !dd"Ball 6uestions

7. What you want to now8


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5 %otivation

Why you applied

Why that sector, firm, -ob, course university

Demonstrated in what is saido methods of researcho nowled'e

Demonstrated in how it is said.o Enthusiastic lan'ua'eo Body lan'ua'e


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6 General Awareness "uestions

Current news

E9tended interest in the industry

!wn :commercial; awareness

(bility to develop your own opinion and be able to

verbalise discuss it.


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7 S ills & Co'(etencies "uestions

Communication s ills&nterpersonal s ills$eam wor in' s ills 2 leadership? 3%le9ibility and (daptability

#roblem Solvin' S ills&nitiative and pro"activitySelf"awareness and an interest in learnin'Business (wareness

Chec the website vacancy application form for clues

Use e9amples to demonstrate these.


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8 e9plainin' evidence for s ills

S ituation conte9t

Tas what you had to do

Action what you did

) esult be specific

$ry and be specific and concise8..


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9 *e+ative "uestions


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10 dd-Ball "uestions

ow many cuc oo cloc s are there in ermany?=


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11

What To As The'

$his is your opportunity to as the thin's you really want to now about

+ or / 6uestions

Show eenness to learn and develop

(s about #roducts, $rainin', Aentorin', #ro-ects

!$ pay, pensions, sic leave 2at least not initially3 or anythin' you should

already now

$his can be your chance to tell them somethin' that has not cropped up in

the interview but you feel is important

Don;t as 6uestions you now the answer to


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12 Interview Techni.ue / 01 Key 2oints

). (lways be positive and enthusiastic and yourself

+. :&nterested; posture, eye contact and SA& E

/. (ddress all panel members

1. Aa e sure you listen carefully to each 6uestion " as for

clarification if you don;t understand

4. Use varied 2recent3 e9amples

5. E9amples don;t have to be ama in'

7. Silence and pauses are o .


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13 Interview Techni.ue / 01 Key 2oints

F. &t;s a ris to ma e anythin' up or start tal in' about thin's

you don;t now much about @ interviewers probe your

responses

G. Aa e sure you are stayin' relevant to the 6uestion. &f not

you;re not sure or have for'otten the 6uestion, as

)H. Don;t let one bad answer put you off

)). Structure your answers

)+. &f En'lish is not your first lan'ua'e, they will understand.


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14 Application FormsPlanning & Preparation

• It will take time and quite a few drafts before it’s ready tosend. Don’t expect to complete the whole application in one

go.

• Collect dates of quali cations employment details and askfor referees in ad!ance.

• "esearch the #ob $ read all documentation $ including JobDescription and Person Specifcation, web site annual

report

• Size, products, services


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15 Answering the Questions

• %mployers draw up a list of &competencies’ basedon the skills knowledge and abilities needed toperform the #ob

• 'hey look for e!idence of an applicant’s ability totransfer and apply current skills and knowledge to

the standard needed in the #ob. (o use %)*+,-%( .

• nderlying idea/ past beha!iour is predicti!e offuture beha!iour


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16 Examples o ompetencies

• 'eam working• Communicating• Dealing with pressure o!ercoming setbacks and

challenges

• ,lanning 0 organisation

•,roblem sol!ing

• 1usiness knowledge2commercial awareness• -eadership


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17

E!i"ence Example

#ecent is better

Degree2+(c2,hD

Clubs *cademic

*chie!ement

3obbies 0 Interests

,ersonal %xperiences

,ri4es 0

*wards

5amily

"esponsibility

,ublishing 0 Conferences

%lecti!e

5undraisin

g

(ta62(tudent Committe,art time

(ummer

0 7oluntary8ork

(ocieties

(ports


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18 Structuring $our Answers

• 'hink about the key words in the question

• se the ('*" technique

S ituation

%ask

Action

# esult

• 1e re9ecti!e : what did you learn2gain from

experience;


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19 hat to 'nclu"e

• +ake sure you’!e answered the question

• *!oid repetition of examples. 'ry to gi!e lots of

examples from di6erent parts of your life.

• 8hat did


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20 (ow %o Stan" out rom therow"

• se interesting examples

• *sk yourself/ >Is this something my peers may not ha!e

done;?

• ,ro!e that you ha!e the skill they are asking about and

that you ha!e demonstrated the skill well.

• Describe what you did and how you did it

• 'hink &8hy Do I want this @ob’ &8hy this Company’. 1e

speci c and mention any times you ha!e met them in

erson.


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21 h) Applications Fail•

Aot answering the question *• 5ailing to pro!ide e!idence to support your

statements *

• *re long winded *• *re poorly structured *

• ,ro!ide a generalised answer when the question

demands a specifc example *

• %rrors in grammar spelling *

• nderselling yourself *


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22 Application (owlers

• “I am someone who knows my own destiny but I have

no defnite long term plans

• “I have e!cellent memory skills, good analytical skills andmemory skills

• =n an application form for a post requiring good peopleskills/ “"y hobbies include watching #$ and walking my

two spaniels

• “


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CI;sWhat is the purpose of a CI and letter?

( way to find a -ob or wor e9perience

Jesponse to an advertised position

Speculative approach to a prospective employer

Creatin' a :win"win; situation for both of you

Different -ob sector may re6uire different emphases.


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So what do they want to hear?

$he advert will tell you 2but there are basic assumptions suchas literacy and common sense3

#articular s ills K competencies

( desire to wor for them

(n understandin' of how and why you wor

EI&DE CE of all of the above


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CIs

( summary of e9periences K 6ualifications that evidenceyour s ills K abilities

)"+ pa'es

Clear, concise, easily readable

$ypical sections0o Educationo Jelated Wor E9perienceo Wor e9perienceo #ositions of responsibilityo %urther 6ualifications awards s illso

&nterestso Jeferences 2or available on re6uest3

o universal method


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CIs

Debatable items0o Date of Birtho ationalityo #ersonal #rofile

ood #ractice0o ist education and e9perience in reverse chronolo'ical order

o (ddresses of schools not re6uired, dates are

o Don;t include primary schools

o Draw out the relevance of activities. $he hi'her order you placeactivities the more relevance you are placin' on them.

o Concentrate on recent activities


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Coverin' etters

!ne side.Structured0

o #ara )0 Who you are and what you are writin' abouto #ara +0 Why themo #ara /0 Why youo

#ara 10 Closin' statements

$ry to write to a named person.

&t;s a trailer for an interview as try to catch their attention.

Aatch your e9periences and s ills to their re6uirements.


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Coverin' etters

$ailor your approach each time

Chec it very carefully

Aa e it relevant

Leep it short, sharp and concise, not flowery

and wordyStay positive


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Common Aista es in CIs and etters

#oor spellin' and 'rammar

ac of research awareness of -ob, company, etc

ac of :passion; 2?3

$oo little detail

$oo much detail or lac s relevance to -ob

$oo humble

Cuttin' and pastin' @ usin' the wron' namesUne9plained 'aps


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Ger'any

C3 4 A((lications

CI 2 ebenslauf3 normal.

&ncludes passport photos.

Coverin' letter @ one side of (1 ma9imum.

Copies of 6ualifications @ secondary school onwards.

etters of recommendations from universities, previous employers.

CI;s short, chronolo'ical @ normally very factual with little e9planations.

raduate CI;s li ely to be one side of (1.

ormally in personal info include a'e K marital status.

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Ger'any

Interviews

&n comparison to other countries formal.

Aen dar suit, white shirt, dar tie.

ormally at start sha e hands K e9chan'e business cards.

!ften two interviewers with #ersonnel Dept focus personality K

motivation.

Aana'er from intended area @ technical nowled'e K s ills.

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China

C3 4 A((lications

Aany firms use a'encies and online sites.

etwor in' incredibly important.

CI;s 2resumes3 common, particularly smaller companies.

Aultinational @ online applications.

(lmost always in Chinese 2unless En'lish re6uested3

&nclude copies of diplomas K certificates.

&nclude details on specialist course.

&nterests not so important.

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China

Interviews

Jespect, modesty K politeness very important.

#unctuality important @ disrespectful if late.

ots of preparation on or'anisation.

Aulti"sta'e @ mi'ht have many interviews before you met the

person who ma es decision.

%ormal dress

i'ht handsha e @ ta e lead from employer.ood posture, 6uiet voice, respect for silence all very important.

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USA

C3 4 A((lications

Be aware of immi'ration restrictions @ 'reen card.

!ften possible via multinationals from home country.

Jesumes @ ) pa'e ma9imum

&nclude0

o ame

o Contact details

o Career aim

o Education K trainin' @ translate into percenta'es

o Wor e9perience

o Special s ills

D! ot include a'e, date of birth, se9, family status or photo'raphs. Aay contravene

e6ual opportunities le'islation or ma e your application ille'al.

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USA

Interviews

Broadly similar to UL

Sometimes phone interviews

Selection centres not common.

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Canada

C3 4 A((lications

CI;s called resumes.

#ersonal info @ name, address, tel no, email not marital status, reli'ion, national insurance

number.

Summary profiles @ one or two sentences most, sometimes used.

Education @ include scholarships.

&nclude careers related courses under professional development.

S ills section common.

Wor e9perience @ normally included. Don;t use first person.

Iolunteer wor @ if you want.

(ctivities and interests @ probably

Jeferences @ say available on re6uest.

o more than two pa'es.

$ranscripts sometimes included.

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Canada

Interviews

!ne to one K panels common

Sometimes will do telephone interviews.

(ssessment centre tests normally verbal K numerical.

ess li ely to use case studies.

$han employer " email afterwards.

(void discussin' salary if possible.

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5rance

C3 4 A((lications

!nline applications.

CI;s K coverin' letters.

Customary to use 'rapholo'y for letter. ot an issue for online

applications.

CI;s similar in style to UL but include marital status.

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5rance

Interviews

Iery similar to UL

Small companies sin'le interview

Sometimes psychometric testin'

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Italy

C3 4 A((lications

ormally CI K coverin' letter or application forms.

CI;s produce in &talian.

$wo pa'e ma9imum

&nclude personal data @ e.'. interests

Don;t include certificates K references

Si'n at the end

>andwritten coverin' letters common " one side of (1

!nline applications increasin' in importance.

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)ussia

C3 4 A((lications

ormally apply in CI K coverin' letter

2international companies online3

CI very detailed

%ull written bio'raphy @ full sentences, not bullet points.

!utline all relevant s ills K achievements

&$ s ills very important

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)ussia

Interviews

Difficult to be specific @ depends on company

ormally more than one interviewer

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S(ain

C3 4 A((lications

(pplications normally CI K coverin' letter

Write in Spanish 2international companies may ta e

En'lish3

Similar in style to UL @ two pa'es

Scanned photo normal in top ri'ht hand corners

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S(ain

Interviewsenerally 6uite formal.

Sometimes 6uestions about personal life 2may seem

bi arre3.

%ocus on e9amples to demonstrate your s ills.

$ry abinete de &niciativas #ara el Emploe 2 E3

e9amples of fre6uent interview 6uestions.

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Sweden

C3 4 A((licationsCI;s @ no more than two pa'es

Start with personal details, date of birth normally

included.

#hotos becomin' more common.

Don;t need to send copies of 6ualifications @ ta e to

interview.

(dditional s ills e.'. computin', lan'ua'es, drivin'

licence common on CI.

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Sweden

Interviews(ssessment centres common for 'raduate -obs.

&nterview focus on wider life e9perience so tal about

them.

!ften for public sector -obs a trades union

representative present to insure all 'oes as per le'al

arran'ements e.'. no discriminatory 6uestions.

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5inland

C3 4 A((lications

ormally CI K coverin' letter

CI; !nline applications increasin' in importance.

(dverts often appear only in %innish.

CI" two pa'es, coverin' letter one pa'e ma9.

CI @ only details relevant to the -ob.

Jelevant wor e9perience important.

%ocus on reasons for applyin'.

Write CI in %innish 2or possibly Swedish3

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5inland

Interviews

ormally one or two interviews.

%ormal @ smart business dress.

roup activities, psychometric tests increasin' common.

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*orway

C3 4 A((lications


#sychometric testin' normally for senior positions only.

Write in orwe'ian or En'lish 2 orwe'ian is preferable3

&nclude copies of reference letters, 6ualifications, transcripts.

CI @ no more than two pa'es.

$ypically0

o #ersonal details

o Education

o Wor e9perience

o Special achievements @ s ills e.'. lan'ua'es, &$.

o Iolunteer wor

o &nterests

o Jeferences

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*orway

Interviews

#unctuality important.

&ntroductions @ short, firm handsha e

%irst names not usually used

ot much small tal .

Common 6uestions @ tell me more about yourself.

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6en'ar

C3 4 A((lications


Cover letter one pa'e.

CI @ one or two pa'es.

Start with contact information.

%ollowed by education or relevant supplementary courses.

$hen lan'ua'es, &$ and other s ills includin' positions or responsibility @

particularly leadership.

$hen employment history.

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6en'ar

Interviews

Similar to UL

Employers want to see if you fit culture of their or'anisation.

#sychometric K aptitude tests popular with lar'er companies.

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2ortu+al

C3 4 A((lications#ortu'uese CI;s can be up to 1 pa'es lon'.

#ersonal details @ normally includes martial status K drivin'

licence in this section.

Section, if appropriate on professional trainin' 2as distinct from

university education3.

Separate section for trainin' specific to the -ob.

See : oin' to live in #ortu'al;. (ll you need to now to en-oyyour new life in the sun.

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2ortu+al

Interviews

ormally a series of interviews.

(ptitude and psychometric tests common.

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Swit7erland

C3 4 A((licationsAainly by CI K coverin' letter

$wo versions of CIo ocal lan'ua'e @ erman, %rench, &taliano En'lish @ normally used for international companies

&nclude certificates K testimonials

Wor e9perience very important

&nclude lan'ua'e s ills, computer literacy K interests.

#hoto often used.

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Swit7erland

Selection

ormally interviews by one or more people.

ar'er companies may include tests, 'roup discussions

K presentations.

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Greece

C3 4 A((lications

CI;s 2with coverin' letters3 and application form normal.

&ncreasin' use of application forms instead of CI;s.

(pplication forms lon'.

%or all applications include copies of academic 6ualifications and other relevant certificates.

$hree references

>ealth certificate

Certificate no criminal record. M Chec with employers what they want M

CI;s two or three pa'es 2(merican companies ) pa'e resumes3

#hoto'raph @ not necessary althou'h sometimes welcome.

Si'n CI at end

#ractical e9perience K forei'n lan'ua'es important.

Coverin' letter short.

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Greece

Interviews

&nterview primary method of selection

i ely to be more 6uestions re'ardin' personal circumstances.

!ften a number of interviews as part of process.

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)o'ania

C3 4 A((lications


Contains personal information in more detail than UL. ormally

birth date, nationality, 'ender, marital status K contact details.

Employment details reverse chronolo'ical.

(chievements relevant to role.

ess focus on interests, althou'h do include.

/ referees normal 2with contact details3

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)o'ania

Interviews

&nitial @ normally with >J mana'er then line mana'er

%ormal style

Brin' copies of diplomas, certificates, testimonials etc

ormally wait to be invited to sit down.

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Australia

C3 4 A((licationsSimilar system to UL with some companies CI;s K coverin' letters @ others application forms.

CI;s 2called resumes3 normally + pa'es lon', sometimes / pa'es.

(ustralian University Careers Service websites sometimes have more detailed information @

$ry them online e.'. University of South Wales Careers and Employment Service.

Speculative applications common.

oo at publication Careers uide (ustralia.

Aany application form are online

&t;s easier to apply for some -obs whilst in (ustralia, but increasin'ly easier to apply from

elsewhere.

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Australia

Interviews

Aany sorts used e.'. telephone interviews, formal, less formal interview, 'roup discussions.

(ssessment centres common for the lar'er companies.

$op tips similar to elsewhere but0

o Be on time @ particularly ta en seriously

o Be as positive as possible, don;t dwell on any ne'ative aspects of your e9perience.

o &nterviews are li ely to be competency based, so have lots of e9amples of your s ills

Jemember the 'eo'raphy

o (re companies li ely to want to interview you in (ustralia?

o Cost @ who will pay? Employer? (pplicant?

o Iideo interviewin' K selection.

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(dditional resources

www.labourmobility.com

www.'lobaled'e.msu.edu ibrd.asp

www.'oin''lobal.com

www.prospects.ac.u

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selection processes in different countries.ppt

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