selenio enc1 and enc2 insatallation and operation … · boxes, list boxes, combo boxes, menus,...

Installation and Operation Manual

SelenioTM

SEL‐1ENC1/SEL‐1ENC28‐Bit/10‐Bit Universal Encoders

Edition G

175‐100266‐00

Publication Information© 2014 Imagine Communications Corp. Proprietary and Confidential.

Imagine Communications considers this document and its contents to be proprietary and

confidential. Except for making a reasonable number of copies for your own internal use, you

may not reproduce this publication, or any part thereof, in any form, by any method, for any

purpose, or in any language other than English without the written consent of Imagine

Communications. All others uses are illegal.

This publication is designed to assist in the use of the product as it exists on the date of

publication of this manual, and may not reflect the product at the current time or an unknown

time in the future. This publication does not in any way warrant description accuracy or

guarantee the use for the product to which it refers. Imagine Communications reserves the

right, without notice to make such changes in equipment, design, specifications, components,

or documentation as progress may warrant to improve the performance of the product.

Trademarks

SelenioTM is a trademark of Imagine Communications or its subsidiaries.

Microsoft® and Windows® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. HD‐BNC is a trademark of Amphenol Corporation. Manufactured under license from Dolby Laboratories. Dolby and the double‐D symbol are registered trademarks of Dolby Laboratories. DTS Neural audio products are manufactured under license from DTS Licensing Limited. DTS and the Symbol are registered trademarks & the DTS Logos are trademarks of DTS, Inc. © 2008‐2010 DTS, Inc. All other trademarks and trade names are the property of their respective companies.

Contact InformationImagine Communications has office locations around the world. For locations and contact

information see: http://www.imaginecommunications.com/contact‐us/

Support Contact InformationFor support contact information see:

Support Contacts: http://www.imaginecommunications.com/services/technical‐support/

eCustomer Portal: http://support.imaginecommunications.com

http://support.imaginecommunications.com

http://www.imaginecommunications.com/services/technical-support/

iii

Contents

Manual Information ..................................................................................................... viiPurpose .................................................................................................................... viiAudience .................................................................................................................. viiRevision History ........................................................................................................ viiWriting Conventions ................................................................................................ viiiObtaining Documents .............................................................................................. viii

Unpacking/Shipping Information .............................................................................. viiiUnpacking a Product ............................................................................................... viiiProduct Servicing ....................................................................................................... ixReturning a Product ................................................................................................... ix

Safety Standards and Compliances ............................................................................. ixRestriction on Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Compliance ........................................... ixWaste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Compliance ...........................xSafety Terms and Symbols in this Manual ...................................................................x

SEL-1ENC1/ENC2 Installation, Operation, and Specifications ....... 1

Product Description ....................................................................................................... 1Main Features ................................................................................................................ 1

Video Formats ........................................................................................................... 1Encoded Stream ........................................................................................................ 2Coding Formats ......................................................................................................... 2Horizontal Resolutions ............................................................................................... 2Reduced Resolutions (ENC1) ...................................................................................... 2Video Pre-Processing (ENC1) ...................................................................................... 2Audio Input ............................................................................................................... 2Audio Pre-Processing ................................................................................................. 2Audio Encoder Engines .............................................................................................. 3VANC Processing ....................................................................................................... 3VBI Processing ........................................................................................................... 3Data Input ................................................................................................................. 3

Modules and License Key Options ............................................................................... 43DTV Functionality .................................................................................................... 8

Front Module ................................................................................................................. 8Back Modules ................................................................................................................ 9

Back Module Pinouts ............................................................................................... 10Signal Flow .................................................................................................................. 11Installing SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 Modules in an MCP3 Frame .......................... 12

SEL-1ENC1/SEL-1ENC2Installation and Operation Manual

iv

Removing Selenio Modules ........................................................................................13Front Module ...........................................................................................................13Back Module ............................................................................................................14

Setting Up IP Sources and Destinations .....................................................................14Ethernet Interfaces ...................................................................................................14IP Interfaces, Primary and Secondary ........................................................................15IP Destinations, Unicast and Multicast ......................................................................17

Upgrading Module Firmware .....................................................................................22Upgrade Failure Instructions .....................................................................................22

Parameters in the SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 Modules ............................................23Accessing MIBs ........................................................................................................23

Video Input ..................................................................................................................24General ....................................................................................................................24Status ......................................................................................................................27

Video Compression .....................................................................................................27Status ......................................................................................................................33Advanced Parameters (ENC1) ...................................................................................34

PIP (ENC1) .....................................................................................................................38Name .......................................................................................................................38Tag ..........................................................................................................................38GOP Size ..................................................................................................................38Pip Video Bitrate Mode and Pip Video Bitrate ...........................................................39Total TS Rate ............................................................................................................39PIP Resolution ..........................................................................................................39

Audio Input Status ......................................................................................................39AAP 1 Configuration ...................................................................................................41

Software Key License Keys for Advanced Audio Processing ......................................41Enabling Advanced Audio Processing Modes ............................................................41Accessing Outputs of the Advanced Audio Processing Function ...............................42DTS Neural Loudness Control 1 to 4 .........................................................................44

Audio 1-8 ......................................................................................................................47Status ......................................................................................................................56AAC ........................................................................................................................57Dolby E Encoder .......................................................................................................58Metadata .................................................................................................................58

Metadata Generator 1 and 2 ......................................................................................60Setup Instructions for Dolby Digital and Dolby Digital Plus ........................................64Dolby E Compression Setup .....................................................................................65Metadata Setup for Dolby E and Dolby Digital ..........................................................67

Data ..............................................................................................................................68Status ......................................................................................................................68Ancillary ...................................................................................................................68Ancillary Status ........................................................................................................71VBI ...........................................................................................................................71Closed Caption ........................................................................................................73AFD .........................................................................................................................74KLV ..........................................................................................................................75Subtitles ...................................................................................................................76VBI over VANC .........................................................................................................76

SEL-1ENC1/SEL-1ENC2Document Type Variable

v

VBI over VANC Status .............................................................................................. 78Splice ...................................................................................................................... 78Ext Data .................................................................................................................. 80

Transport Stream Mux ................................................................................................ 80MPEG Parameters (Main Program) ........................................................................... 81MPEG Parameters (PIP Program; SEL-1ENC1) ........................................................... 81SI Parameters ........................................................................................................... 81ASI Output .............................................................................................................. 82ASI Status ................................................................................................................ 82BISS ......................................................................................................................... 82

IP Encapsulation .......................................................................................................... 84Main Program IP ...................................................................................................... 84Main Program IP Status ........................................................................................... 84ATSC MH IP (SEL-1ENC1) ......................................................................................... 84PIP Program IP (SEL-1ENC1) ..................................................................................... 85PIP Program IP Status (ENC1 Only) ........................................................................... 85

Miscellaneous .............................................................................................................. 85General ................................................................................................................... 85Parameter Control Script ......................................................................................... 86

Control ......................................................................................................................... 88IP LANs .................................................................................................................... 88Primary and Secondary Data IP LAN ......................................................................... 88GPIx ........................................................................................................................ 88Custom GPI ............................................................................................................. 88Serial ...................................................................................................................... 90

Procedures (ENC1 Only) .............................................................................................. 91ATSC Mobile Handheld ........................................................................................... 91ATSC MH IP Settings ............................................................................................... 99Selenio ISDB-Tb Settings (Fixed) ............................................................................. 102Selenio ISDB-Tb Settings (Mobile) .......................................................................... 104Simultaneous Main and PIP Encoding Additional Procedure ................................... 112

Laser Safety for Fiber Optic Back Modules ............................................................. 118Precautions for Enclosed Systems ........................................................................... 118Precautions for Unenclosed Systems ...................................................................... 118

Label ........................................................................................................................... 119Inspecting and Cleaning Fiber Optic Connections .................................................. 119

Important Points .................................................................................................... 119Inspection and Cleaning Procedure ........................................................................ 121

Alarm List (Faults) ..................................................................................................... 122Specifications ............................................................................................................ 124

ASI Output ............................................................................................................ 124Separate Audio Input Specifications ....................................................................... 124Video Input Specifications ...................................................................................... 125SFP Receiver Specifications ..................................................................................... 126Video Output Specifications ................................................................................... 127Power Consumption .............................................................................................. 128

Index......................................................................................................................... 129


vi

vii

Preface

Manual Information

Purpose This manual details the features, installation, operation, maintenance, and specifications for the SEL-1ENC1/SEL-1ENC2 8-Bit/10-Bit Universal Encoders.

Audience This manual is written for engineers, technicians, and operators responsible for installation, setup, maintenance, and/or operation of the SEL-1ENC1/SEL-1ENC2 8-Bit/10-Bit Universal Encoders.

Revision HistoryTable 1-1 Revision History of Manual

Edition Date Comments

A March 2011 Initial release

B May 2011 Installation modifications

C August 2011 Addition of ISDB, ATSC, PIP, and other features

D March 2012 Addition of 10-bit encoder version

E June 2012 External metadata changes, additional features and parameter updates

F July 2013 Addition of Dolby® Digital Plus, Dolby E decoding, DTS® Neural Loudness Control, AVC-I encoding, audio/video genlock, and other product improvements

G July 2014 Addition of scripts for custom GPI and parameter control, support for separately timed audio from encoded video, SCTE-104 splice cancel section, captions for ISDB mobile channel


viii

Writing ConventionsTo enhance your understanding, the authors of this manual have adhered to the following text conventions:

Obtaining DocumentsProduct support documents can be viewed or downloaded from our website. Alternatively, contact your Customer Service representative to request a document.

Unpacking/Shipping Information

Unpacking a ProductThis product was carefully inspected, tested, and calibrated before shipment to ensure years of stable and trouble-free service.

1 Check equipment for any visible damage that may have occurred during transit.

2 Confirm that you have received all items listed on the packing list.

3 Contact your dealer if any item on the packing list is missing.

4 Contact the carrier if any item is damaged.

5 Remove all packaging material from the product and its associated components before you install the unit.

Keep at least one set of original packaging, in the event that you need to return a product for servicing.

Table 1-2 Writing Conventions

Term or Convention Description

Bold Indicates dialog boxes, property sheets, fields, buttons, check boxes, list boxes, combo boxes, menus, submenus, windows, lists, and selection names

Italics Indicates E-mail addresses, the names of books or publications, and the first instances of new terms and specialized words that need emphasis

CAPS Indicates a specific key on the keyboard, such as ENTER, TAB, CTRL, ALT, or DELETE

Code Indicates variables or command-line entries, such as a DOS entry or something you type into a field

> Indicates the direction of navigation through a hierarchy of menus and windows

hyperlink Indicates a jump to another location within the electronic document or elsewhere

Internet address Indicates a jump to a website or URL

Note Indicates important information that helps to avoid and troubleshoot problems


ix

Product ServicingExcept for firmware upgrades, SEL-1ENC1/SEL-1ENC2 modules are not designed for field servicing. All hardware upgrades, modifications, or repairs require you to return the modules to the Customer Service center.

Returning a ProductIn the unlikely event that your product fails to operate properly, please contact Customer Service to obtain a Return Authorization (RA) number, and then send the unit back for servicing.

Keep at least one set of original packaging in the event that a product needs to be returned for service. If the original package is not available, you can supply your own packaging as long as it meets the following criteria:

The packaging must be able to withstand the product’s weight.

The product must be held rigid within the packaging.

There must be at least 2 in. (5 cm) of space between the product and the container.

The corners of the product must be protected.

Ship products back to us for servicing prepaid and, if possible, in the original packaging material. If the product is still within the warranty period, we will return the product prepaid after servicing.

Safety Standards and CompliancesThe Selenio series safety manual is shipped in the Infrastructure and Networking Documentation and Product Resources DVD, and can be downloaded from our website.

Restriction on Hazardous Substances (RoHS) ComplianceDirective 2002/95/EC—commonly known as the European Union (EU) Restriction on Hazardous Substances (RoHS)—sets limits on the use of certain substances found in electrical and electronic equipment. The intent of this legislation is to reduce the amount of hazardous chemicals that may leach out of landfill sites or otherwise contaminate the environment during end-of-life recycling. The Directive, which took effect on July 1, 2006, refers to the following hazardous substances:

Lead (Pb) Mercury (Hg) Cadmium (Cd) Hexavalent Chromium (Cr-VI) Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB) Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDE)According to this EU Directive, all products sold in the European Union will be fully RoHS-compliant and “lead-free.” (See our website for more information on dates and deadlines for compliance.) Spare parts supplied for the repair and upgrade of equipment sold before July 1, 2006 are exempt from the legislation. Equipment that complies with the EU directive will be marked with a RoHS-compliant emblem, as shown in Figure P-1.

Figure P-1 RoHS Compliance Emblem


x

Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) ComplianceThe European Union (EU) Directive 2002/96/EC on Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) deals with the collection, treatment, recovery, and recycling of electrical and electronic waste products. The objective of the WEEE Directive is to assign the responsibility for the disposal of associated hazardous waste to either the producers or users of these products. As of August 13, 2005, the producers or users of these products were required to recycle electrical and electronic equipment at end of its useful life, and may not dispose of the equipment in landfills or by using other unapproved methods. (Some EU member states may have different deadlines.)

In accordance with this EU Directive, companies selling electric or electronic devices in the EU will affix labels indicating that such products must be properly recycled. (See our website for more information on dates and deadlines for compliance.) Contact your local Sales representative for information on returning these products for recycling. Equipment that complies with the EU directive will be marked with a WEEE-compliant emblem, as shown in Figure P-2.

Figure P-2 WEEE Compliance Emblem

Safety Terms and Symbols in this ManualThis product manual uses the following safety terms and symbols to identify certain conditions or practices. See page 118 and the Safety Instructions and Standards Manual for more information.

WARNING

Statements identifying conditions or practices that may result in personal injury or loss of life. High voltage is present.

CAUTION

Statements identifying conditions or practices that can result in damage to the equipment or other property.

1

SEL-1ENC1/ENC2 Installation, Operation, and Specifications

Product DescriptionSEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 modules provide MPEG-2 and H.264 compression of digital video, with a variety of common compression algorithms for up to 8 stereo pairs of audio, and processing of associated VBI and VANC data.

The SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 support either standard-definition (SD) or high-definition (HD) SDI video and a full range of North American and European formats. In addition, the module also provides a reduced-resolution compressed stream output, which can be used to support mobile broadcast picture-in-picture requirements in IPTV deployments, or for stream monitoring requirements in network deployments.

A variety of audio compression options are available, including MPEG-1 layer 2, Dolby® Digital (AC-3), Dolby Digital Plus, Dolby E, AAC-HE and AAC-LC. All audio can be presented to the encoder as embedded on the SDI, or as separate AES inputs. (AAC-HE, AAC-LC ≤80 kbps, and Dolby encodings < 96 kbps are not supported for low latency.)* The ENC2 is designed as a “contribution” encoder and therefore has a much lower latency than the ENC1 “distribution” encoder. Due to its lower latency, the ENC2 normally operates at a higher bitrate than the ENC1 for the same picture quality. Additionally, the ENC2 supports 422 coding and 10-bit coding for H264.

*Low latency is defined as video system delay of <650 ms.

Main FeaturesThe SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 provide support for the following:

Video Formats 1080p/59.94, 1080p/50 - SMPTE425 Level A and B-DL (SEL-1ENC1 only)

1080i/29.97, 1080i/25 - SMPTE292

720p/59.94, 720p/50 - SMPTE292

480i/29.97 - SMPTE259

576i/25 - SMPTE259

SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2Installation and Operation Manual

2

Encoded Stream Primary SD/HD encoded stream and secondary stream encoded at lower resolutions for

mobile, picture-in-picture, or monitoring (secondary encoded stream is not supported when the primary stream is encoding a 1080p video source)

Coding Formats H.264 High

H.264 Main

H.264 Baseline

MPEG-2 422

MPEG-2 Main

H.264 AVCI 50, H.264 AVCI 100 as defined in SMPTE RP-2027 (ENC2 only)

H.264 High10 Intra, H.264 High10, H.264 422 Intra, H.264 422 (ENC2 only)

Horizontal Resolutions 1920 - 1440, 1280, 960

1280 - 960, 640

720 - 704, 640, 544, 528, 480, 352

Reduced Resolutions (ENC1) CIF (352x240/288)

QVGA (320x240 [4:3] 320x180 [16:9])

SQVGA (160x120 [4:3] 160x90 [16:9])

M/H (416x240 [letterbox for 4:3])

Video Pre-Processing (ENC1) Inverse telecine

Motion compensated temporal filtering (MCTF)

De-blocking filter

Audio Input Eight (High-Density) HD-BNCTM connectors on the rear connector board for audio input

Embedded audio from the SDI video input

Audio Pre-Processing Dolby E Decoder

DTS Neural Loudness Control


3

Audio Encoder Engines MPEG-1 Layer 2

Dolby Digital (AC-3)

Dolby Digital Plus

AAC-LC (MPEG-2 and MPEG-4)

AAC-HE V1 (SBR) and V2 (Parametric Stereo)

Dolby E

SMPTE 302

VANC Processing VANC passthrough (SMPTE 2038 and RDD-11) up to 2K words per field

KLV

EIA-608/708 closed captioning

AFD

DVITC time code

OP-47 teletext

Audio metadata

VBI Processing EIA-608 closed captioning

WSS signaling

WST teletext

VITC time code

AMOL-48 or AMOL-96

VPS data

SCTE-35/SCTE-104

SMPTE 2031

KLV

KLV ESD

Lossless luma

Data Input Closed captions from IP/UDP or Serial Port

GPI triggers from back module

Serial data from back module


4

Modules and License Key OptionsTo add license keys to a SEL-1ENC1 or SEL-1ENC2 module, select the Configuration tab in the user interface, select Frame-Controller, and then click License Key Activation. From the licensing table, select the module you wish to change, enter the license key, and then click Apply. The new options will be available momentarily. (Selenio encoders should be rebooted after license keys are installed.)

All module types (Table 2) include the following audio support: MPEG-1: 8x2.0 / SMPTE 302: 8X2.0 / Externally Compressed Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital Plus or Dolby E: 8 services.

Table 1. Module Descriptions

Product Description

SEL-1ENC1 Modules

SEL-1ENC1-EES MPEG-2/H.264 Standard Encoder hardware; includes video coding, up to eight stereo pairs of audio compression, single back module with (High-Density) HD-BNC connectors for one SDI in, two SDI out, two ASI out, eight AES (unbalanced) in, and socket/plug for GPI in/out and serial data connections (software model key must be selected to enable functions)

SEL-1ENC1-OES MPEG-2/H.264 Standard Encoder hardware;includes video coding, up to eight stereo pairs of audio compression, single back module with one SFP input (SFP module ordered separately), two (High-Density) HD-BNC connectors for SDI out, two ASI out, eight AES in (unbalanced), socket/plug for GPI in/out and serial data connections (software model key must be selected to enable functions)

SEL-1ENC2 Modules

SEL-1ENC2-EES 10-bit “contribution” version of SEL-1ENC1-EES, with two HD-BNC SDI inputs

SEL-1ENC2-OES 10-bit “contribution” version of SEL-1ENC1-OES, with two SFP SDI inputs


5

Table 2. Module Types:SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2

Product Description

SEL-1ENC1 Module Types

ATSC

SEL-SK-EN-ATSC-HD ATSC, supporting MPEG-2 SD and HD 4:2:0 video, and up to six streams of Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus (6x2.0 or 2x5.1).

SEL-SK-EN-ATSC-MBL ATSC MH, supporting H.264 mobile video, and a single stream of AAC-HE V2 and AAC 1x2.0 audio

SEL-SK-EN-ATSC-SD ATSC, supporting MPEG-2 SD 4:2:0 video, and up to six streams of Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus (6x2.0 or 2x5.1)

DVB

SEL-SK-EN-DVB-AUD Audio-only MPEG-1: 8x2.0 / SMPTE 302: 8X2.0 / Externally Compressed Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital Plus or Dolby E: 8 services

SEL-SK-EN-DVB-HD MPEG-2 SD/HD, 4:2:0, and up to eight channels of MPEG-1 audio

SEL-SK-EN-DVB-MBL MPEG-1: 8x2.0 / SMPTE 302: 8X2.0 / Externally Compressed Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital Plus or Dolby E: 8 services, audio AAC: 1x2.0

SEL-SK-EN-DVB-SD MPEG-2 SD, 4:2:0, and up to eight channels of MPEG-1 audio

SEL-SK-EN-DVB-MP2H MPEG-2 SD/HD, 4:2:0 video with pre-processing and the following audio support: MPEG-1: 8x2.0 / SMPTE 302: 8x2.0 / Externally Compressed AC-3: 8 Services.

The purchase of a SELOPT-SK-EN-AAC key is strongly suggested.

SEL-SK-EN-DVB-MP2S DVB, supporting MPEG-2 SD, 4:2:0 video with pre-processing and the following audio support: MPEG-1: 8x2.0 / SMPTE 302: 8x2.0 / Externally Compressed AC-3: 8 Services.

The purchase of a SELOPT-SK-EN-AAC key is strongly suggested.‘

IPTV

SEL-SK-EN-IPTV-HD IPTV, supporting H.264 HD Main profile, and two channels of MPEG-1 or AAC-LC audio

SEL-SK-EN-IPTV-SD IPTV, supporting H.264 SD Main profile, and two channels of MPEG-1 or AAC-LC audio

H-264

SEL-SK-EN-H264-HD MPEG-1: 8x2.0 / SMPTE 302: 8X2.0 / Externally Compressed Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital Plus or Dolby E: 8 services, Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus: 6x2.0 or 2x5.1

SEL-SK-EN-H264-SD MPEG-1: 8x2.0 / SMPTE 302: 8X2.0 / Externally Compressed Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital Plus or Dolby E: 8 services, and Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus: 6x2.0 or 2x5.1

ISDB

SEL-SK-EN-ISDB-HD MPEG-2 SD/HD, 4:2:0, and up to eight channels of MPEG-1, AAC-LC, AAC-HE V1, and V2 audio, and AAC: 8x2.0 or 2x5.1 + 2x2.0

SEL-SK-EN-ISDB-MBL ISDB-Tb Mobile, supporting H.264 mobile video, and a single channel of AAC-HE V2 audio, and AAC: 1x2.0

SEL-SK-EN-ISDB-SD ISDB-Tb, supporting MPEG-2 SD, 4:2:0, and up to eight channels of MPEG-1, AAC-LC, AAC-HE V1, and V2 audio, and AAC: 8x2.0 or 2x5.1 + 2x2.0


6

PRO

SEL-SK-EN-C-PRO-SD Contribution, supporting MPEG-2 SD, 4:2:0 and 4:2:2 profiles, H.264 SD high and main profile, up to 4 MPEG-1, AAC-LC, HE-AAC V1 and V2 audio

SEL-SK-EN-C-PRO-HD Contribution, supporting MPEG-2 HD/SD, 4:2:0 and 4:2:2 profiles, H.264 HD/SD high and main profile, up to 8 MPEG-1, up to 4 AAC-LC, HE-AAC V1 and V2 audio

SEL-SK-EN-C-1080P Contribution, supporting MPEG-2 SD, 4:2:0 and 4:2:2 profiles, H.264 SD high and main profile and 3G 1080P, up to 8 MPEG-1, up to 4 AAC-LC, HE-AAC V1 and V2 audio

RFC

SEL-SK-EN-RFC-HD MPEG-1: 8x2.0 / SMPTE 302: 8X2.0 / Externally Compressed Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital Plus or Dolby E: 8 services, and Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus: 6x2.0 or 2x5.1

SEL-1ENC2 Module Types

BSC

SEL-SK-E2-C-BSC-HD MPEG-2 HD,H.264 HD-High and Main Profile, 4:2:0, 8-bit, and AAC: 8x2.0 or 2x5.1 + 2x2.0

SEL-SK-E2-C-BSC-SD MPEG-2 SD, H.264 SD-High and Main Profile, 4:2:0, 8-bit

STD

SEL-SK-E2-C-STD-HD MPEG-2 HD/SD, H.264 HD/SD High and Main Profile, 4:2:0 and 4:2:2,8-bit, and AAC: 8x2.0 or 2x5.1 + 2x2.0

SEL-SK-E2-C-STD-SD MPEG-2 SD, H.264 SD High and Main Profile, 4:2:0 and 4:2:2 8-bit, and AAC: 8x2.0 or 2x5.1 + 2x2.0

PRO

SEL-SK-E2-C-PRO-HD MPEG-2 HD/SD, H.264 HD/SD High and Main Profile, 4:2:0 and 4:2:2 10-bit, and AAC: 8x2.0 or 2x5.1 + 2x2.0

SEL-SK-E2-C-PRO-SD MPEG-2 SD, H.264 SD High and Main Profile, 4:2:0 and 4:2:2 10-bit, and AAC: 8x2.0 or 2x5.1 + 2x2.0

Table 2. Module Types:SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 (Continued)

Product Description


7

Table 3. License Key Options

Product Description

SEL-1ENC1 License Keys

SELOPT-SK-EN-AAC AAC audio on eight stereo pairs, and encoding of one or two 5.1 streams (using three stereo pairs each) for the ENC1

SELOPT-SK-EN-BISS DVB fixed-key scrambling modes BISS-1 for ENC1

SELOPT-SK-EN-DDE Dolby Digital (AC-3) or Dolby Digital Plus encoder for the ENC1. Two 5.1 streams and two 2.0 streams, or up to six 2.0 streams using up to eight existing stereo pairs of audio input.

SELOPT-SK-EN-DED Dolby E decoding for Advanced Audio Processing on the SEL-1ENC1 (uses up to four existing stereo pairs of audio)

SELOPT-SK-EN-DEE Two Dolby E encoders (each uses up to 4 existing stereo pairs of audio) for the ENC1

SELOPT-SK-EN-GL Genlock option for the SEL-1ENC1

SELOPT-SK-EN-H264 H.264 encoding, 4:2:0, Main and High profile

SELOPT-SK-EN-LCL DTS Neural Loudness Control for Advanced Audio Processing on the SEL-1ENC1 (uses up to four existing stereo pairs of audio)

SELOPT-SK-EN-MHENC*(appears as EN-MH-IPSEC in the user interface)

ATSC mobile/handheld encryption

SELOPT-SK-EN-PRE Pre-processing video enhancements for DTH applications

SEL-1ENC2 License Keys

SELOPT-SK-E2-AAC AAC audio on eight stereo pairs for the ENC2

SELOPT-SK-E2-BISS DVB fixed-key scrambling modes BISS-1 for ENC2

SELOPT-SK-E2-DDE Dolby Digital (AC-3) or Dolby Digital Plus encoder for the ENC2. Two 5.1 streams and two 2.0 streams, or up to six 2.0 streams, using up to eight existing stereo pairs of audio input.

SELOPT-SK-E2-DED Dolby E decoding for Advanced Audio Processing on the SEL-1ENC2 (uses up to four existing stereo pairs of audio)

SELOPT-SK-E2-DEE Two Dolby E encoders (each uses up to four existing stereo pairs of audio) for the ENC2

SELOPT-SK-E2-GL Genlock option for the SEL-1ENC2

SELOPT-SK-E2-LCL DTS Neural Loudness Control for Advanced Audio Processing on the SEL-1ENC2 (uses up to four existing stereo pairs of audio)

SELOPT-SK-EN-MHENC*(appears as EN-MH-IPSEC in the user interface)

ATSC mobile/handheld encryption

Table 4. SFP Receiver Option

Product Quantity Description

OP+SFP+RR 1 Dual PIN receiver with pathological support for baseband video


8

3DTV FunctionalityThe SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 transport 3DTV signals using the standard shown in Table 5.

Front Module

Figure 1. Encoder Front Module (SEL-1ENC1 Shown)

Table 5. SDTV Compatibility

Picture Quality Definition Number of

Connections 3DTV Standard Use

Half 1.5 Gb/s 3D(SMPTE 292M)

1 1/2 resolution or better (many variants)

Distribution


9

Back Modules

Figure 2. SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 Back Modules

F

SEL-BM-ENC-EES

Encoder

ENC1

2

1

20

19

SDI IN

SE

L-B

M-E

NC

-EE

S

AES IN

NOT USED

7 8

5 6

3 4

1 2

GPI / SERIAL

1

2

ASI OUT

SDI OUT

2

1

G

SEL -BM-ENC-OES

Encoder

ENC1

2

1

20

19

AES IN

SDI Rx

SDI OUT

1

2

2S

EL

-BM

-EN

C-O

ES

ASI OUT

1

7 8

5 6

3 4

1 2

GPI / SERIAL

1

2

T

SEL-BM-1ENC2-OES

Encoder

ENC2

2

1

20

19

AES IN

SDI Rx

SDI OUT

1

2

2

SE

L-B

M-1

EN

C2-

OE

S

ASI OUT

1

7 8

5 6

3 4

1 2

GPI / SERIAL

1

2

S

SEL -BM-1ENC2-EES

Encoder

ENC2

2

1

20

19

SDI IN

SE

L-B

M-1

EN

C2-

EE

S

AES IN

2

7 8

5 6

3 4

1 2

GPI / SERIAL

1

2

ASI OUT

SDI OUT

2

1

1

SDI Tx

AUDIO IN

AUDIO OUT

SDI IN

SDI OUT

ASI OUT

ASI IN

MISCELLANEOUS

AUDIO IN/OUT

ASI IN/OUT

SDI Rx

DATA

CONTROL

CONFIGURABLE


10

Back Module Pinouts

Figure 3. Pinouts on Back Module GPI/Serial Connector

To aid in numbering the pins, a key located in the upper right corner of the male connector matches a slot found in the back module GPI/Serial connector.

Table 6. GPI/Serial Pinouts

Pin Function Pin Function

1 GPI Out 1 11 RS-422 Port 2 Rx+

2 GPI Out 2 12 RS-422 Port 2 Rx-(RS-232 Port 2 Rx)

3 GPI Out 3 13 RS-422 Port 2 Tx+

4 GPI Out 4 14 RS-422 Port 2 TX-(RS-232 Port 2 Tx)

5 GPI In 1 15 D-Ground

6 GPI In 2 16 D-Ground

7 GPI In 3 17 RS-422Port 1 Rx+

8 GPI In 4 18 RS-422 Port 1 Rx-(RS-232 Port 1 Rx)

9 D-Ground 19 RS-422Port 1 Tx+

10 D-Ground 20 RS-422 Port 1 Tx-(RS-232 Port 1 Tx)

2 2012 14 16 18864 10

1 193 5 7 9 11 13 15 17

Key and slot


11

Signal Flow

Figure 4. SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 Block Diagram (EES Version)

Figure 5. SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 Block Diagram (OES Version)

Video Input

GPI

Serial Data

Misc

CTR SDI

EXT SDI 1

EXT ASI 1

EXT GPI 1-4

EXT ASI 2

CXN

EXT IPTransport

Stream MuxIP

EncapsulationIP LAN

2 1

20

19

EXT Serial 1

EXT IP MGMT

EXT SDI 2

EXT Serial 2

EXT AES 1-8

EXT SDI 1

CTR SDI

EXT SDI 2 (ENC2)

De-Embed

Audio Input Status

Data Services

Audio Compression

Metadata Generator

12

Video Compression

PIP (ENC1)

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

Advanced Audio

Processing

AAP1

Video Input

GPI

Serial

Misc

CTR SDI

EXT SDI 1

EXT ASI 1

CTR SDI

EXT ASI 2

CXN

EXT IPTransport

Stream MuxIP

EncapsulationIP LAN

EXT IP MGMT

De-EmbedEXT SDI 2

EXT GPI 1-4

2 1

20 19

EXT Serial 1EXT Serial 2

EXT AES 1-8

SDI Rx 1

SDI Rx 2 (ENC2)

Audio Input Status

Data Services

Audio Compression

Metadata Generator

12

Video Compression

PIP (ENC1)

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

Advanced Audio

Processing

AAP1


12

Installing SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 Modules in an MCP3 FrameYou can insert a Selenio module into a frame with the power supply turned on or off. Where space allows, Selenio SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 modules can be installed in any MCP3 frame. Additionally, Selenio ENC2 modules are available as part of pre- configured MCP1 packages.

Follow this procedure:

1 Remove a blank back module from the frame, saving the blank back modules and their captive screws for future configurations.

2 Attach the new back module to the empty slot, using the mounting screws provided.

Align the back module’s pin into the guide hole, and ensure that the EMI gaskets separating the back modules remain in place during the installation. The EMI gaskets fit tightly. To ease the installation of back modules, gradually press each back module into place from the left side to the right side.

Figure 6. Installing Back Modules

3 Apply labels to the back module, if these are supplied separately.

4 Print out this page and write down the placement of the back modules in the diagram below (back modules appear on the reverse side when viewed from the front).

Figure 7. Writing Space for Identifying Back Modules

Align pin into guide hole

14.

10.

9. 8. 7.

6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1.13.

12.

11.


13

CAUTION: Do not mix and match back and front modules. The front module must mate with a back module of the same product.

5 Open the front panel and then slide the correct front modules into the slots that match the back modules.

6 Push the module until it seats properly, ensuring the edge of the module is flush with the edge of the module guides, and the square extractor handle clicks into its slot.

7 Install the remaining back and front modules, make all of the necessary rear connections, and then close the front panel.

CAUTION: To prevent overheating during frame operation, keep the front panel closed and all back module slots covered.

Removing Selenio Modules

Front ModuleTo remove a front module from a Selenio frame, follow this procedure:

1 Open the front panel.

2 Grasp the extractor handle on the module, pulling down slightly.

3 Using the handle, slide the module out of its slot.

Figure 8. Removing a Front Module

4 Close the front panel to ensure proper frame ventilation.

1. Pull down to unlock the extractor.

Extractor lock

2. Slide the module out of the slot.

Flat support post rotates for module insertion and removal


14

Back ModuleTo remove a back module from a Selenio frame, you must first remove the front module. Then unscrew the back module, and pull it straight out. Cover the opening with a blank back module to ensure proper frame ventilation.

Setting Up IP Sources and Destinations This section describes the different settings necessary to configure IP for Selenio modules. The following steps are covered:

Data Ethernet Interfaces

IP Interfaces

Unicast IP Destinations

Multicast IP Destinations

IP Destinations

Unicast IP Sources

Multicast IP Sources

VBR / CBR and Network Jitter Removal

Ethernet InterfacesThe Selenio frame has separate Data and Control Ethernet jacks.

The Data Ethernet jacks are used for sending compressed video streams to and from the modules in the frame. The primary external Data Ethernet jack connects to an Ethernet switch on the video IP sub-module of the frame’s primary controller module.

If the frame has two controller modules, it also supports a redundant secondary Data Ethernet connection to the IP sub-module on the secondary controller.

Figure 9. Control and Data Ethernet Connectors

Secondary Control Ethernet

Secondary Data Ethernet Primary Data Ethernet

Primary Control Ethernet


15

IP Interfaces, Primary and SecondaryEach Selenio encoder has a Primary and Secondary IP Interface. The module supports traffic on virtual local area networks (VLANs); this is segregated by tagging each Ethernet packet with a virtual network ID (in an 802.1Q header).

To begin the configuration, you will need to match the VLAN ID on the encoder with the virtual network on which data is to be received or transmitted (IP LANs > Primary Data IP LAN and Secondary Data IP LAN). Set the VLAN ID to 0 to configure an interface for sending or receiving untagged Ethernet traffic that is not on a virtual network.

VLAN ID RestrictionsCertain VLAN ID values are reserved. In addition, the range is restricted in some Selenio frame controller versions. Although the range for this parameter is 0 to 4094, the following restrictions apply:

0 (value is reserved for untagged Ethernet traffic)

1 (tag will be removed by the controller switch, and the data will be transmitted on the untagged LAN (VLAN ID 0).

2 to 255 (data will be transmitted on the selected VLAN)

256 – 4094 (tags are blocked from all modules with frame controller firmware version 1.x or 2.x, and sent only to modules configured on those VLANs when controller firmware is version 3.x and above)

4095 (invalid value)

Figure 10. VLAN ID Parameter

IP Address, Subnet Mask, and GatewayEach encoder has one logical Primary Data IP local area network (LAN) interface:


16

The IP Address field provides the source address for data leaving the module and the IP destination address for signaling data being sent to the module. This value should be unique on the VLAN associated with this interface.

The IP Subnet Mask defines the subnet to which the IP address belongs. Any two IP addresses are on the same subnet if they yield the same value when a bitwise AND is performed between the address and the subnet mask.

If the module is to transmit data to an IP address that is on this interface’s LAN or VLAN but not on the same subnet as the IP Address of this interface, the traffic must be directed through a layer 3 router. For this purpose, set the IP Gateway to the IP address of the router on the interface’s subnet.

If all the traffic on the interface is within the interface subnet, a router is not needed and the IP Gateway can be configured to 0.0.0.0.

When all of the interface parameters have been configured, click the Apply button.

Figure 11. IP Address, IP Subnet Mask, and IP Gateway Values

Secondary IP InterfaceIf the Selenio frame has two controllers, a redundant Secondary data Ethernet connection is available. In this case, the configuration for the secondary IP interfaces is similar to that for the primary interface. The primary and secondary IP Addresses should all be unique and on separate subnets.

Time to LiveTo avoid loops in network traffic, configure the Time to Live parameter (IP LANs > General). The value in this field specifies the number of hops through network equipment before packets are discarded. This is used to avoid packets being continuously passed around in a loop due to a misconfiguration of the network.


17

Figure 12. Time to Live Parameter

IP Destinations, Unicast and MulticastSelenio encoders must have their IP destinations configured (IP Encapsulation > Main Program IP).

The Transmit Interface options are: Both (selects transmission on both Primary and Secondary data Ethernet), and Active Controller (selects the transmission only on the interface corresponding to the currently active controller as destination).

In either case, both Primary and Secondary IP Address destination parameters should be configured. If only a single data Ethernet interface is being used, only the corresponding destination parameters need to be configured.

Figure 13. Transmit Interface

Since there is only one VLAN interface on the encoder, there is no need to configure a VLAN ID for the destination. The data is always sent on the LAN or VLAN configured on the Primary and Secondary interface pages.

Destination parameters


18

Figure 14. VLAN ID

Unicast IP Destinations Unicast traffic is delivered to a single primary or secondary IP destination address. The primary and secondary IP Addresses are the addresses of the primary and secondary Data Ethernet destinations. Each is either:

an IP address on the same subnet as the primary interface corresponding to the VLAN ID of this source, or

an address that is reachable through the router configured as the gateway for the interface.

In the Primary and Secondary Port fields (IP Encapsulation > Main Program IP), set the destination UDP port numbers for the IP streams. (Figure 15). There are some restrictions on the destination UDP port numbers:

The port number must be non-zero. No data will be transmitted if the port number is zero.

When FEC is being used, port numbers should be assigned in multiples of 8.

Column FEC packets are sent on the configured port + 2

Row FEC packets are sent on the configured port + 4


19

Figure 15. IP Addresses and Ports


20

Multicast IP Destinations Multicast traffic is sent to a group of IP destinations, rather than a single destination.

Set the Primary and Secondary IP Addresses to the Primary Data Ethernet multicast group IP addresses to which the data should be sent. These IP addresses can be in the range of 224.0.0.0 through 239.255.255.255.

Note: Some addresses in this range are reserved. The addresses between 224.0.0.0 and 224.0.0.255 (inclusive) are reserved for the use of routing protocols and other low-level topology discovery or maintenance protocols—such as gateway discovery and group membership reporting.

Encapsulation and Forward Error CorrectionIP traffic from Selenio modules can be encapsulated in UDP or RTP, and protected with SMPTE 2022 forward error correction.

The FEC can be set to a number of options.

None provides no FEC; traffic is sent as transport stream packets on UDP, or RTP without protection.

Low, Medium, and High settings send the stream with low, medium or high levels of forward error correction. Increasing levels of protection allow more errors to be corrected, but requires more overhead.

Custom makes it possible to customize the FEC level using the Order and Period parameters (the IP Encapsulation parameter must be set to TS on RTP).

Figure 16. FEC


21

SMPTE 2022 forward error correction packets protect a grid of data Ethernet packets. Column FEC packets cover each column of data packets, and (optional) Row FEC packets protect the rows of data packets:

The FEC Order parameter sets the custom number of rows in the FEC grid. The lower the setting, the more frequently column FEC packets are sent, and the higher the protection.

FEC Period sets the custom number of columns in the FEC grid. If Row FEC is enabled, the lower the setting, the more frequently row FEC packets are sent and the higher the protection.

Note: The product of (FEC Order x FEC Period) should not exceed 100. The SMPTE 2022 standard states that the FEC Period setting must be at least 4 when Row FEC is enabled.

Transport Stream PackingMultiple transport stream packets can be packed into one IP packet / Ethernet Frame.

The value in the TS Packets Per IP field sets the number of MPEG-2 transport stream packets packed into each IP packet. Setting this to a high value increases the efficiency with which the data is sent. However, a higher setting introduces the likelihood of jitter in the transport stream arrival. Typically, this parameter is set to the maximum value of 7.

Figure 17. TS Packets Per IP

Quality of ServiceThe value set in the Type of Service field (see Figure 17) determines the value sent in the Type of Service byte in the IP header of the Data Ethernet packets. The handling of the Type of Service byte in the IP header is dependent on the network equipment.


22

Some routers support differentiated services prioritization specified by the DSCP field (RFC 2474). This can be configured by setting the most significant six bits in the Type of Service parameter.

Type of Service = DSCP x 4

Upgrading Module FirmwareAll module firmware upgrades are activated in the frame controller section of the Selenio user interface. Follow this path to find the appropriate parameters: Configuration > Frame Controller > Configuration tab > Upgrade Firmware.

See the Selenio frame manual for information on how to upgrade module firmware. In the unlikely event of an upgrade failure on an SEL-1ENC1 or SEL-1ENC2 module, use the Upgrade Failure Instructions of this manual.

Upgrade Failure InstructionsSEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 modules include one user-configurable DIP switch array, located at the card edge next to the extractor. In normal operation, all four switches are in the Off position, set closest to the card edge. In the unlikely event of corrupted software, you may need to temporarily change the setting of Switch 1 for the failsafe mode override. You would be alerted to this problem if a System Recovery Upgrade Required fault was triggered after an upgrade, and the module had finished rebooting.

If a System Recovery Upgrade Required fault is triggered, you should first try using the alternate firmware (see Activating Alternate Firmware in the Selenio frame manual) and then attempt the upgrade again. If this second attempt fails, follow these steps to activate the failsafe mode:

1 Remove the module from the frame and then push Switch 1 to the On position.

Figure 18. DIP Switch Setting for Failsafe Mode

Move Switch 1 to the On position for failsafe operation


23

2 Reinsert the module.

3 Install the new module software using the Selenio user interface.

4 Remove the module, and then return Switch 1 to the Off position.

5 Reinsert the module.

The module is now running the new software.

Parameters in the SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 ModulesMost of the controls and read-only parameters in the SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 are the same. However, because the two products offer different capabilities, you will see some differences in the parameters offered. These are noted in this manual. In addition, options may appear in a different order than is shown here.

For detailed ATSC configuration information, see the document ATSC Solutions with Selenio, available on the Imagine Communications website and on the Infrastructure and Networking Documentation and Product Resources DVD.

Accessing MIBsMIB files for all modules can be downloaded directly from any Selenio frame. MIBs are generated on a per-device basis. For example, if there are seven SEL-1ENC1 modules in a frame, only one of the seven 7 MIBs is required, assuming all of the modules are using the same version of software. If the frame includes multiple modules of the same type, but different software versions, the module with the latest version should be used to generate the MIB.

If an older MIB is used with newer firmware (for example, an older version of firmware was used instead of the latest firmware), the new parameters added to the new version will not be available on the MIB, and thus, will not be accessible via the MIB.

Before downloading module MIBs, you must first download the InfrastructureNetwork.mib file. Copy the following into a browser to access the InfrastructureNetwork.mib:

http://<IP address>/InfrastructureNetwork.mib

<IP address> is that of the primary controller in the frame

Once any MIB file is downloaded from the frame, you should rename it immediately to prevent overwriting.

To download a specific module MIB file, copy this line into a browser:

http://<IP address>/mib/slot<slot#>/snmp.mib

<IP address> is that of the primary controller in the frame

<slot#> is the slot in the frame, as seen from the front

Examples:http://137.237.173.15/mib/slot0/snmp.mib

Accesses the controller MIB from frame 137.237.173.15.

http://137.237.173.15/mib/slot7/snmp.mib

Accesses the MIB for slot 7 from 137.237.173.15


24

Video Input

GeneralThe SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 can operate as audio/video or audio-only encoders. The audio-only mode is enabled in the Primary Source and Alternate Source parameters.

Primary SourceIn this parameter, select either the internal (CTR SDI) or external (EXT SDIx) video input source for encoding. (On the ENC1, the second HD-BNC connector on the EES back module is not functional). The ENC2 provides two SDI inputs on both the EES and OES back modules. An internal video source is provided over the backplane by another module in the same Selenio frame. The particular video source is selected in the Connections section of the Frame Controller.

An additional None option enables audio-only coding operation. In this mode, the encoder generates a multi-program transport stream (MPTS) with one program (PMT) for each enabled audio stream. The program numbers are assigned to the audio streams in sequence starting at program number 1. The PMT PID for each of the audio programs is fixed and based on the program number. For program number n, the PMT PID is 48+(n-1)*16. This means the program number 1 has PMT PID 48, program number 2 has PMT PID 64, program number 3 has PMT PID 80, etc. You can set the PIDs assigned to each audio stream in the Main Program parameter on page 81 (TS Mux > MPEG Parameters). The defaults are 51, 52, ..., 58. If the audio stream PID values are changed, care should be taken to make sure they do not collide with any other PID present in the MPTS. An alarm will be raised if a collision is detected by the software.

Alternate Source This parameter selects a different source for the encoder if the primary Source signal fails. Options are None, or any of the existing Source inputs (other than the current one).

If you select None as the Alternate Source, the primary source is always used. If you select a value other than None, two additional parameters are enabled: Source Selection and Switching Delay.

In the event of a loss of signal at the primary Source parameter, the encoder detects an error. If this condition persists for the duration set in the Switching Delay parameter, the encoder will switch to the value you have set in Alternate Source.

The Source Selection parameter controls the switching behavior of the encoder after the primary source has been restored and has stabilized after an outage. If you set Source Selection to Revertive, the encoder switches back to the primary source as soon as the encoder detects a clean primary signal (with no error condition) for the duration of the Switching Delay value. If you selected Non-Revertive, the Alternate Source remains in effect until one of these conditions occur:

Source Selection is set to Restore

There is a loss of signal on the Alternate Source, and a clean signal is detected on the primary Source

The module is rebooted


25

The status parameter Current Video Source (Video > Input > Status) displays the currently selected video input source.

Loss of Input This parameter sets the encoder’s behavior in the event of a loss of video input if both the primary Source and Alternate Source signals have failed (or if an Alternate Source has not been selected before a primary source failure). The encoder continues to generate a complete program map table (PMT) for the Black, Still and Image settings, but not for the Stop setting.

With the Black setting, the encoder continues generating elementary stream data for the lost signal. The encoder simulates black input for lost video. This setting effectively instructs the encoder to pretend that video input is present, supplying synthetic (black), input as needed.

The Stop option forcibly shuts down both the Main and PIP transport stream outputs when video input is lost.

Still and Image are available when the Genlock feature is enabled. The still picture is the last correctly received frame from the input. The Image used is loaded and selected using the LOS Image parameters (see page 26).

Source FormatThis parameter sets the input video standard for encoding from the following options:

525

625

720p 50

720p 59.94

1080i 50

1080i 59.94 (default)

1080p 50 (ENC1)

1080p 59.94 (ENC1)

ResolutionThe Resolution of the encoded image that you select in this field is based on the source you set in the Source Format parameter.

ARC ControlUse this parameter to set the aspect ratio for the output video. The Selenio encoders provide a small number of ARC settings to accommodate different sources. For more complex aspect ratio conversions, the Selenio XD1 or another ARC processor may be required. The encoder’s ARC control parameter includes the following output options:

Auto-4:3

Auto-16:9

4:3

16:9


26

The Auto-4:3 option automatically detects the aspect ratio from the source. If that value is not available, the module indicates a 4:3 aspect ratio in the encoded stream.

Auto-16:9 is the default setting; it likewise automatically detects the aspect ratio from the source, but if that value is not available, the module sets the output to 16:9.

The 4:3 and 16:9 settings display the signal at their respective values, regardless of the source aspect ratio.

Note: For HD inputs, the 4x3 settings are not available.

GenlockThe audio/video Genlock prevents video errors or “dirty switches” (asynchronous switches between video sources with different frequency offsets and phases) from causing an illegal MPEG bitstream. However. the Genlock feature adds up to two or three frames of additional latency, and up to one frame of audio lip-sync error. On the ENC1, if the Low Pass Filter (LPF) or Edge Preserving Filter (EPF) is set to Auto, the latency through the frame store rises from three frames to a maximum of eight frames.

When the Genlock is enabled, the output of the encoder is synchronized to the clock derived from the video source, chosen using the Reference Select parameter. If you select SDI Source as an option in Reference Select, the output clock of the Genlock is locked to the input video clock. On the other hand, if Reference Select is set to Controller, the Genlock locks to the reference signal input to the resource module of the frame. In this mode, multiple encoders can be locked to a common reference clock.

The Loss of Input parameter specifies the image that will be encoded when the video input is lost and includes the options Black, Stop, Still, and Image. For all Genlock settings, Black and Stop are available. Still and Image are only available when Genlock is enabled. If Still is selected, the last clean frame will continue to repeat. If Image is selected, the Genlock will switch to repeating the preloaded LOS image. The Image attributes are controlled by the parameters at: Video > Input > LOS Image.

Note: Dolby E Decoding is not supported when Genlock is enabled.

LOS (Loss of Signal) ImageThese parameters configure the image that may be enabled when there is a loss of signal.

LOS Image Size This status parameter indicates the size of the image files that will be compatible with the current input video standard. Options are: 1080 (default), 720, 625, and 525.

Selected LOS ImageUse this control to set the image to be displayed when there is a video LOS fault and the loss of input behavior is set to Image. The stored .bmp files appear in the field.

Files can be transferred to the Selenio frame’s controller via FTP or from a file browser in the Selenio GUI. If the selected file is not present, or does not match the configured standard, a configuration error is raised. If the encoder detects a loss of framing, and the Input Loss is set to Image, the image is displayed. If the image file is missing or does not match the configured video standard, black is displayed.


27

LOS Image StatusThis parameter displays the current LOS image loading status. Options are:

Ready

Unavailable

Loading

Load Error

Wrong Size

Invalid Format

Input Mismatch

Image File [RO]This read-only parameter indicates what image file is available for use.

Display Next File, Display Previous File, and Select Image FileUse the Display Previous File and Display Next File buttons to scroll through the list of available image files in the controller shared folder (See: File Management in the frame’s Controller). The file names are presented as the value of the Image File parameter.

Select Image File sets the currently displayed image file as the LOS image.

StatusThe encoder provides sub-pages for Ext SDI 1, Ext SDI 2 (ENC2 only), and CTR SDI, which represent the Current Video Source. The values for the parameters in these sections are all copied in the Status main section:

Current Video Source

Loss of Signal

Input Standard

Sync Error count

CRC Error count (for HD-SDI video input)

EDH Error count (for SD-SDI video input)

EDH Present (for SD-SDI video input)

When pressed, the Clear Status button clears all of the status parameters in the encoder module. The process takes approximately five seconds. The Clear Status button at Miscellaneous > General performs the same function.

Video CompressionDetailed control of GOP structures and compression settings makes it possible to create streams to best fit your requirements while achieving the highest picture quality possible. This section describes the settings for video compression.


28

Chroma SamplingThe SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 offer two options: 4:2:0 or 4:2:2 (availability depends on model type purchased). Select 4:2:0 for distribution applications, and 4:2:2 for higher-end contribution applications. Currently, the SEL-1ENC1 supports 4:2:2 for MPEG-2 only. The SEL-1ENC2 supports 4:2:2 coding for H264 and MPEG-2.

Coding Profile The following settings are available:

MPEG-2 Main

MPEG-2-422

H264-Baseline

H264 Main

H264 High

Additionally, the following settings are available in the SEL-1ENC2:

H264 High10-Intra

H264 High10

H264 High422-Intra

H264 High422

AVCI-50

AVCI-100

CBRThe encoder can work in two bitrate modes: CBR and VBR. When you set CBR to On, the video is encoded at a constant bitrate. If the Video Compression > Video Bitrate Mode is set to Auto, the video elementary stream rate is computed by subtracting the audio, data and PSI overhead from the configured output TS rate. When the Video Bitrate Mode is set to Manual, the configured Video Compression > Video Bitrate is used to encode the video. The actual video bitrate being used is shown in the Video Compression > Status > Video Elementary Stream Rate parameter.

In VBR mode (CBR is set to Off), the encoder allows the video rate to vary. In this mode, the Video Compression > Target Qp setting quantizes the compressed video unless the total rate exceeds the configured output TS rate. If the use of the Target Qp results in exceeding the configured TS rate, the encoder module raises the Qp to keep the total rate below the configured TS rate. In this mode, the video elementary stream rate will vary.

In Statmux mode, the encoder is brought up in statmux mode and is ready to back up another “statmuxed” encoder without requiring a “stop and start.” In this mode, the encoder is normally coding in CBR, but when a message is received from the multiplexer instructing it to switch to statmux mode, it does so without requiring a restart of the video encoder. For statmuxed systems, this reduces redundancy times.

GOP StructureThe SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 offer six possible GOP structures:


29

In the Auto mode, the encoder changes the GOP structure dynamically to produce the best video quality.

The I option enables I-Frames only; no P or B-Frames are allowed. This results in a GOP length of 1.

IP enables I and P-Frames, but no B-Frames. Typically, this option is used for low delay applications or when the selected encoding profile does not permit B-Frames (for example, H264-Baseline).

When you select 1B, the module inserts one B-Frame (between P Frames); 2B inserts two B-Frames (between P-Frames), and 3B (SEL-1ENC1 only) inserts three B-Frames (between P-Frames).

GOP Selection Guidelines

Due to video coding techniques, typical I-frames consume more bits than P-frames, which consume more bits than B-frames. Consequently, GOP structure affects the relationship between bitrate and picture quality. Encoders generally impose no limits on combinations of rates and GOP structure, but the following guidelines should be observed.

When coding only I-frames (GOP-I), the encoder should use a minimum transport stream rate of 25 Mbps. Lower rates may degrade video quality with difficult material, especially when other program elements consume a significant amount of the program's bandwidth.

The use of GOP-I coding is not recommended.

MPEG-2 anchors prediction points at I-frames and P-frames. Intervening B-frames reference only the closest the I- and P-frame pictures. H.264 relaxes these restrictions, allowing B-frames to reference I- and P-frames that are outside their closest neighbors (in addition to other B-frames). This flexibility alters the notion of open and closed GOPs and affects the placement of edit points in the video stream.

GOP SizeThe term GOP Length means the distance between I-frames.

The SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 produce Dynamic GOPs with variable GOP lengths. This means that instead of a fixed GOP (with never changing GOP length), the GOP length may change as the encoder attempts to align I-frames to scene changes to improve video quality.

However, the GOP size parameter is not used in the 150 ms mode of the ENC2. I-frames are only inserted at scene changes, and intra-refresh (a mode where parts of each picture are sent as intra macro-blocks) is used as the primary refresh mechanism within a scene.

The GOP Size parameter offers four options. All of these options are approximations, as the Selenio encoder creates an I-Frame upon scene changes, or during particularly complex scenes which would benefit from the creation of an I-Frame. The options are:

Short (approx. 0.25 seconds)

Medium (approx. 0.5 seconds)

Long (approx. 1 second)

Ultra Long (approx. 2 seconds)

Table 7 translates these settings to approximate GOP length. The encoder may deviate from these settings for a variety of reasons, and scene changes may trigger the insertion of I-Frames that break the pattern.


30

Video Bitrate ModeIn some cases it may be necessary to set the video elementary rate manually, rather than having it automatically computed. When this parameter is set to Manual, the Video Bitrate control is activated. The default Video Bitrate Mode setting is Auto.

Video Bitrate When the Video Bitrate Mode is set to Auto, the Video Bitrate parameter is hidden. If the Mode is changed to Manual, the Video Bitrate parameter becomes accessible.

If a parameter in another subsystem is changed, causing the manual setting to be above the TS Mux rate available for allocation to video, the encoder triggers a configuration error alarm.

Similarly, when you set the bitrate, the encoder adds all the overhead for audio, PSI, and ANC/VBI to compute the needed TS rate. If this rate exceeds the TS Mux rate of the stream, the encoder triggers a configuration error alarm. Check the Video Elementary Stream Rate value (Video > Compression > Status) to see the effects of these restrictions on this parameter.

Closed GOPAn Open GOP allows the initial B-frames to be predicted from frames outside the GOP. This allows for a more efficient distribution of bits and improved picture quality. Closed GOPs prohibit B-Frames from being predicted using frames outside the GOP. This option is most often chosen when recording transport or program streams to file. A Closed GOP ensures the output bitstream can be edited on a GOP boundary without loss of information.

System DelayThis parameter makes it possible to control the end-to-end delay in the module. The value that you set in this parameter is different than the actual final value that results after processing (see the read-only System Delay parameter at Video Compression > Status) for the final value.

On the ENC1, the default value of 0 provides the best quality; the delay can be set up to 4000 msec. If you select a value that is too small, it will be overridden internally. On the ENC2, the ultra-low latency mode works with delay values of 150 msec and 200 msec (only for MPEG-2). The 650 msec latency mode provides higher quality coding but at a longer end-to-end delay.

Table 7. GOP Sizes

Setting \ Measurement Time NTSC/SDI-525 PAL/SDI-625

Short Approx 0.25 seconds GOP Length = 8 GOP Length = 6

Medium Approx 0.50 seconds GOP Length = 15 GOP Length = 12

Long Approx 1 second GOP Length = 30 GOP Length = 25

Ultra Long Approx 2 seconds GOP Length = 60 GOP Length = 50


31

AAC-HE, AAC-LC ≤80 kbps, and Advanced Audio Processing functions are not supported for ultra-low latency. Delays are longer in the ENC1 than in the ENC2, and have a maximum of 5000 msec. Dolby Digital Plus encoding is not supported for 150 msec latency.

The Selenio DEC2 decoder adds an additional 100 msec of delay.

Application ExamplesThese application examples provide a starting point for configuring your encoder module. There are many possible variations.

Table 8. ATSC SD-SDI Encoding Example

Parameter Option

Chroma Sampling 4:2:0

Coding Profile MPEG-2 Main

GOP Structure Auto

GOP Size Ultra Long

Closed GOP Off

Table 9. ATSC HD-SDI Encoding Example

Parameter Option


Coding Profile MPEG-2 Main

GOP Structure Auto

GOP Size Ultra Long

Closed GOP Off

Table 10. Contribution SD-SDI Encoding Example

Parameter Option


Coding Profile MPEG-2 422

GOP Structure Auto

GOP Size Ultra Long

Closed GOP Off


32

Tgt Qp This parameter sets the target quantizer level used when the encoder is in VBR mode. Options are: 2 to 31 (MPEG2), and 2 to 51 (H264). The default value is 16.

Film DetectThe ENC2 uses field coding in MPEG-2, and therefore this module must be in H264 mode to activate the Film Detect feature. In the ENC1 module, Film Detect is used for both MPEG2 and H264. When enabled, this feature detects film sources that are normally shot at 24 frames/sec (vs. 25, 30, or 60). Transferring film material to 30 or 60 frames/sec requires a 3:2 pulldown. For every pair of film frames, 5 interlaced fields (or progressive frames) are generated. The first frame has 3 fields, with the first and third identical. The second frame has 2 fields. (Two film frames at 24 frames/sec take the same time as five fields at 30 frames/sec.) The encoder can work more efficiently if it recognizes the repetition pattern, and this parameter tells the encoder how to process the source material.

Table 11. Contribution HD-SDI Encoding Example

Parameter Option


Coding Profile MPEG-2 422

GOP Structure Auto

GOP Size Ultra Long

Closed GOP Off

Table 12. IPTV SD-SDI Encoding Example

Parameter Option


Coding Profile H264 Main/H264 High

GOP Structure Auto

GOP Size Ultra Long

Closed GOP Off

Table 13. IPTV HD-SDI Encoding Example

Parameter Option


Coding Profile H264 High/H264 Main

GOP Structure Auto

GOP Size Ultra Long

Closed GOP Off


33

If the input material is not appropriate for 3:2 pulldown (25 Hz or 50Hz input), the encoder ignores the film mode setting. (The difference between 24 and 25 frames/sec is small enough to ignore, and 3:2 pulldown is not used.)

The Enable option automatically chooses the appropriate encoding for the source material. The encoder will switch between film and video mode if the 3:2 repetition pattern persists or ceases for a long enough time.

LevelUse this parameter to set the coding level. If you select Auto, the module uses the minimum level setting compatible with the selected coding parameters. If a value other than Auto is selected, other values can override the Auto setting.

Available options in MPEG-2 are: Auto, Low, Main, and 422 High.

Choices in H264 are: Auto, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and so on.

Status The read-only Video Elementary Stream Rate indicates the average elementary stream bitrate in Mbits/sec. This bitrate readout only applies to the video, and does not include audio or data service.

Video Elementary Stream Rate = Total Transport Stream — Audio Services — Data Services

The Aspect Ratio parameter indicates the current aspect ratio selected, either 4:3 or 16:9.

System Delay shows the actual system delay in effect. This is a read only value and may be different from the configured value under Video Compression > General >System Delay.

Statmux indicates whether the statmux is enabled or disabled.

Preproc (ENC1)In some situations, the video pre-processing feature can help improve the apparent picture quality. (This option requires the purchase of the SELOPT-SK-EN-PRE license key.)

Using the Auto setting, the encoder uses various filters to achieve pre-set results.

The None option disables video pre-processing. In some cases, although less pleasing to the human eye, this helps preserve details of the original input. This setting should be used for the first encoding legs of a multi-generation encoding system to prevent degradation of the video after subsequent encodings.

Sharp gives preference to preserving sharp edges and picture detail. This may at times introduce blocky artifacts, when the video complexity exceeds the available bandwidth to convey the detail.

Soft gives preference to reducing blocky coding artifacts, but may blur fine detail when the video complexity exceeds the available bandwidth.


34

The Custom option enables the Advanced Parameters, which are located in the Video Compression section. When you select Custom, the GOP and Film Detect parameters are overridden by Advanced Parameter selections. If Custom is not enabled, changes to the Advanced Parameters will have no effect.

Note: Preproc settings affect the EPF Strength and LPF Strength parameters:

When Preproc is set to Auto, Sharp, or Soft, the EPF Strength and LPF Strength parameters are set to Auto. In this mode, the strengths are changed dynamically, based on the complexity of the incoming video and the coding bitrate. The latency through the encoder will increase by about 5 frame times, when this setting is used. In addition, audio/video sync should be accurate to within a frame time.

If Preproc is set to None, the EPF and LPF are automatically disabled.

When the Preproc setting is Custom, the EPF Strength and LPF Strength can be configured by the user.

Advanced Parameters (ENC1)The Advanced Parameters are enabled when you select Custom in Video Compression > General > Preproc.

EPF Strength (ENC1)The Edge Preserving Filter (EPF) computes a weighted average of pixels in the support of the filter that are within a specified threshold of the center pixel's luma or chroma intensity value. By averaging only those pixels which are “close” to the center pixel, the EPF avoids the blurring that typically results from a simple low pass filter. Additionally, the EPF reduces noise and texture, making the final video easier to code, and saving bits during the process.

Use this control to set the strength of the Edge Preservation Filter Strength. Options are:

Disable (default)

Auto

1 to 8

When set to Auto, the filter's strength is dynamically adjusted, based on the complexity of the material to be coded, and the encoding bit rate. The filter strength will be zero or very low on “easy” inputs such as still pictures, but will increase as the video sequence to be coded becomes more difficult to encode at the specified bitrate.

LPF Strength (ENC1)This parameter set the strength of the Low Pass Filter. Options are the following:

Disable (default)

Auto

1 to 8

When set to Auto, the filter's strength is dynamically adjusted, based on the complexity of the material to be coded, and the encoding bit rate. The filter strength will be zero or very low on “easy” inputs such as still pictures, but will increase as the video sequence to be coded becomes more difficult to encode at the specified bitrate.


35

Scene Change DetectionWhen enabled, this parameter detects scene changes and places an I-frame on the first frame of each new scene.

Fade DetectionWhen enabled, this parameter detects the beginning of fades in the input video, then improves the quality of the video during the fade.

Invert Field OrderThis parameter changes the field order in the output frames. Frames can be coded as either Top Field First or Bottom Field First. The default setting for all standards except 525 is Top Field First. Setting Invert Field Order to Enable reverses the default field order.

Pre-Deblocking StrengthUse this control to set the strength of the deblocking filter applied to the input video. The deblocking filter reduces the appearance of “blockiness” in previously encoded video. The range is 0 (off) to 3 (maximum de-blocking).

MCTF StrengthThis control sets the strength of the motion compensated temporal filter (MCTF), to remove noise from the input video. The range is 0 (off) to 7 (maximum noise reduction).

Skin Tone Detection and Skin Tone Detection StrengthThe Skin Tone Detection control improves the video quality of facial features (in the next I-frame) when skin tones are detected. The strength of the detection ranges from 0 (none) to 7 (most likely to detect skin tones).

Skin Tone Detection Delta QP MaxThis parameter sets the maximum decrease in the QP for macroblocks that are detected as skin tones. A value of 0 cause no decrease; a value of 6 causes the most decrease.

Weighted PredictionWhen enabled, this control improves fade detection by providing weighted prediction for H.264 encoding.

Dynamic GOP (ENC1)Use this parameter to dynamically adjust the length and structure of each GOP to better reflect the content of the video.


36

Dynamic GOP Min M and Max MThese controls set the minimum and maximum GOP sizes allowed when Dynamic GOP is enabled.

GOP Structure (ENC1), GOP Size, and Closed GOPUse these parameters to set the GOP structure and size in the encoded video. When Dynamic GOP is enabled, most GOPs will be within the range of 1 to 300 pictures. This value is set in the GOP Size.

Closed GOP simply closes every GOP, or allows them to be open.

ME 1 and 2 Zero Bias (ENC1)This parameter sets the bias value (in a range of 0 to 1024) that is added to any non-zero motion vector cost, to allow for biasing against non-zero motion vectors.

Adaptive QuantizationUse this parameter to enable the adaptive adjustment of the “per macroblock” quantization table. The quantizer value is adapted on a macroblock basis, using image content to improve perceptual quality.

Quantization TableAllows the use of a different quantization table during the quantization process.

H264 QPIOffset and H264 QPB OffsetThese controls apply the H264 QP Offset I-frames and B-frames, respectively. In both cases, the default is 4.

H264 QPChromaOffsetThis parameter provides QP Offset for chroma relative to the luma. Values are -12 to 12, with a default of 4. H264 QPChromaOffset appears when the Coding Profile is set to H264.

MPEG2 QPIOffset and MPEG2 QPBOffsetThese parameters provide QP offset to the I frames and B- frames, respectively, with a range of -8 to 8 frames.

Reference B FramesThis control enables or disables reference B frames. Default is Enable.


37

8X8 TransformThis parameter enables or disables the 8x8 Transform function, and should only be used in H264-High Profile. Default is Enable.

CABACUse this control to enable or disable the context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding compression. Default is Enable.

Loop Filter, Loop Filter Alpha, and Loop Filter Beta (ENC1)The Loop Filter parameter enables or disables the Loop Filter Alpha and Loop Filter Beta parameters (default is On).

Intra DC Precision Use the Intra DC Precision control to set the level of precision for the intra variable length coding (VLC) values.

Intra VLC FormatUse the Intra VLC Format parameter to set the format for intra variable length coding (VLC). Options are MPEG-1 VLC, Alternate VLC, and Auto (default).

Alternate ScanThis parameter enables the alternate coefficient scan, instead of the zig-zag scan.Options are Disabled, Enabled, and Auto. Default is Auto.

MPEG2Max VBV Delay and Frame Size, and MPEG2 Min QP (ENC1)These ENC1 parameters assist in resolving compatibility issues with some downstream equipment. and are always in use whether or not the module is set to Preproc > Custom. The use of the three parameters is limited to MPEG-2 in HD mode.

MPEG2Max VBV DelayThis parameter determines the maximum delay (in msec) in the MPEG-2 VBV buffer. If the delay results in a VBV that is larger than the permitted amount for the corresponding profile and level, it is internally limited to the maximum permissible amount. Using a smaller VBV limits the size of the largest frame that can be generated, and can negatively impact picture quality.

MPEG2 Max Frame SizeUse this parameter to reduce the maximum compressed frame size that the encoder generates. In some cases, reducing the maximum frame size can negatively impact the picture quality.


38

MPEG2 Min QPThe encoder ensures that the quantizer used for every picture is always greater than or equal to this value. This parameter is normally only used when restricting the maximum frame size. When the frame size is limited to low values, some detailed stills can result in observed “panic” or I-frame beating. In these cases, it may be better to set a higher MPEG2 Min Qp to prevent the “panic” mode from being invoked.

PIP (ENC1)The PIP parameters include Name, Tag, PIP Video Bitrate, PIP Video Bitrate Mode, and GOP Size. (PIP Video Bitrate is only visible when the PIP Video Bitrate Mode is set to Manual.)

The Total TS Rate is the amount allocated to that channel, typically 192 kb or above, up to 1 Mb. The PIP Resolution value sets the encoding resolution.

NameThe Name parameter provides the ability to give a unique name to the PIP program. The default setting is enc-pip.

TagThis parameter provides the program tag for the PIP program. Default is enc.

GOP Size The GOP Size parameter sets the GOP size to be used while encoding. All four options are approximations, as the Selenio encoder creates an I-Frame upon scene changes, or during particularly complex scenes which would benefit from the creation of an I-Frame. The options are:

Short (approx. 0.25 seconds)

Medium (approx. 0.5 seconds)

Long (approx. 1 second)

Ultra Long (approx. 2 seconds; default)

Table 14 translates these settings to approximate GOP length. The encoder may deviate from these settings for a variety of reasons, and scene changes may trigger the insertion of I-Frames that break the pattern.

Table 14. GOP Sizes


Short Approx 0.25 seconds GOP Length = 8 GOP Length = 6


39

Pip Video Bitrate Mode and Pip Video BitrateUse the Pip Video Bitrate Mode parameter to specify whether the module automatically computes the video rate for PIP program, or allows manual settings for the PIP program. Options are Auto and Manual.

Pip Video Bitrate sets the video bitrate for the PIP program.

Total TS RateThis parameter sets the total transport stream rate for the PIP program in Mbits/sec. The default setting is 192000.

PIP ResolutionUse this parameter to set the encoding resolution for the PIP program.

352x288

416x240

352x240

320x240

320x180

192x192

160x120

160x90

128x96

96x96 (default)

Audio Input StatusThe AES x Status reports the AES input in one of the following ways:

Not Present

Present

PCM Present

Data Present, AV Locked

Data Present, Not AV Locked

Medium Approx 0.50 seconds GOP Length = 15 GOP Length = 12

Long Approx 1 second GOP Length = 30 GOP Length = 25

Ultra Long Approx 2 seconds GOP Length = 60 GOP Length = 50

Table 14. GOP Sizes



40

The AES x Sample Rate reports the input rate as one of the following:

Unknown or Unavailable

48 kHz

44.1 kHz

32 kHz

The embedded audio status parameters (Emb 1A-1B (G1P1) Status, Emb 2A-2B (G1P2) Status, Emb 3A-3B (G2P1) Status, etc.) report the following:

Not Present

Present

PCM Present

Data Present

The embedded audio sample rate parameters (Emb 1A-1B (G1P1) Sample Rate, Emb 2A-2B (G1P2) Sample Rate, Emb 3A-3B (G2P1) Sample Rate, etc.) report the following:

Unknown or Unavailable

48 kHz

44.1 kHz

32 kHz

Note: Reported sample rates are those declared in the corresponding audio input's AES-3 Channel Block. They are not independently measured by the Selenio encoder. Reported data or PCM content also follows the declaration in the Channel Block.


41

AAP 1 Configuration

Software Key License Keys for Advanced Audio ProcessingTo use the Advanced Audio Processing functions, you will need to purchase appropriate software license keys. The “DED” license keys enable the Dolby E Decode function and the “LCL” license keys enable DTS Neural Loudness Control functions. Unlicensed functions and their associated pages are not available on the Selenio interface. Note that the Advanced Audio Processing functions supported on the encoder are a subset of the functions available on a Selenio FS1 or XD1 module, and only one function can be selected at a time. Advanced Audio Processing Functions are not supported on an ENC2 when video is in the ultra-low latency mode (less than 650 ms). The latency of the Advanced Audio Processing functions is compensated automatically when used as an input to the encoded audio streams.

Note: Dolby E Decoding is not supported when Genlock is enabled.

Enabling Advanced Audio Processing ModesFollow these steps to enable the DTS Neural and Dolby modes:

1 Select Advanced Audio Processing / AAP1 in the Audio Compression block.

2 Select General > Processing Mode.

3 Select the processing mode that you need.

4 Select the appropriate inputs for all enabled Source controls. (See Table 16.)

Table 15. Advanced Audio Processing Licensing

License Key Required Mode

SELOPT-SK-EN-DED (for SEL-1ENC1)

SELOPT-SK-E2-DED (for SEL-1ENC2)Dolby E Decode

SELOPT-SK-DTS (for SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2)

DTS Neural Loudness Control 2.0

DTS Neural Loudness Control 2x1.0

DTS Neural Loudness Control 4x2.0

DTS Neural Loudness Control 5.1

DTS Neural Loudness Control 5.1+2.0


42

5 In the drop down box at the top of the column, change your selection from General to the mode you selected in step 3.

If you are using the All view instead of the Block Diagram view, change your selection using the tree on the left of the encoder GUI page.

Note: There are four pages for DTS Neural Loudness Ctrl settings, corresponding to the four possible loudness control programs indicated in Table 16 above.

6 Wait several seconds for the fields to refresh.

7 Configure the parameters that are available in your mode (parameters that are not applicable are grayed out).

Accessing Outputs of the Advanced Audio Processing FunctionThe four output pairs are available to the audio encoder Source 1 to 4 (see page 53). The four AAP 1 outputs are:

AAP 1 Audio 1A/1B

AAP 1 Audio 2A/2B

AAP 1 Audio 3A/3B

AAP 1 Audio 4A/4B

Note: These AAP outputs are only available if Advanced Audio Processing 1 > General > Processing Mode is set to Dolby E Decode or one of the Loudness Control modes.

When you select one of the Loudness Control modes, Table 17 on page 43 applies.

Table 16. Inputs for Source Controls

Processing Mode Source 1 Source 2 Source 3 Source 4

None Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive

M4: Loudness Control 2.0

Program 1 Left / Right

Inactive Inactive Inactive



Program 1 Center / LFE

Program 1 S. Left / S. Right

Inactive

M6: Loudness Control 4x2.0



Program 3Left / Right


M8: Dolby E Decode Encoded Dolby E Signal

Inactive Inactive Inactive

M15: Loudness Control 5.1 + 2.0

Program 1Left / Right

Program 1 Center / LFE

Program 1S. Left / S. Right



Program 1 Center*

Program 2 Center*

Inactive Inactive

* For monaural loudness control, each program receives its single channel from the first (left) channel of the specified pair of inputs. For the special case when Source 2 is set to None, program 2 will receive its single channel from the second (right) channel of the pair specified by parameter Source 1.


43

When you select Dolby E Decode in Processing Mode, the following table applies:

Table 17. AAP Loudness Control Modes

Processing Mode AAP 1 Audio 1A/1B

AAP 1 Audio 2A/2B

AAP 1 Audio 3A/3B

AAP 1 Audio 4A/4B


Program 1 Left/Right

Mute Mute Mute



Program 1 Center/LFE

Program 1S. Left/S. Right

Mute



Program 2Left/Right

Program 3Left/Right

Program 4Left/Right

M15: Loudness Control 5.1 + 2.0


Program 1 Center/LFE

Program 1 S. Left/S. Right



Program 1 Center/Mute

Program 2Center/Mute

Mute Mute

Table 18. AAP Dolby E Decode Modes

Dolby EProgram Configuration

AAP 1 Audio 1A/1B

AAP 1 Audio 2A/2B

AAP 1Audio 3A/3B

AAP 1 Audio 4A/4B

5.1+2 1L / 1R 1C / 1LFE 1Ls / 1Rs 2L / 2R

5.1+1+1 1L / 1R 1C / 1LFE 1Ls / 1Rs 2C / 3C

4+4 1L / 1R 1C / 1S 2C / 2S 2L / 2R

4+2+2 1L / 1R 1C / 1S 3L / 3R 2L / 2R

4+2+1+1 1L / 1R 1C / 1S 3C / 4C 2L / 2R

4+1+1+1+1 1L / 1R 1C / 1S 4C / 5C 2C / 3C

2+2+2+2 1L / 1R 3L / 3R 4L / 4R 2L / 2R

2+2+2+1+1 1L / 1R 3L / 3R 4C / 5C 2L / 2R

2+2+1+1+1+1 1L / 1R 3C / 4C 5C / 6C 2L / 2R

2+1+1+1+1+1+1 1L / 1R 4C / 5C 6C / 7C 2C / 3C

1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 1C / 2C 3C / 4C 5C / 6C 7C / 8C

5.1 1L / 1R 1C / 1LFE 1Ls / 1Rs Mute / Mute

4+2 1L / 1R 1C / 1S Mute / Mute 2L / 2R

4+1+1 1L / 1R 1C / 1S Mute / Mute 2C / 3C

2+2+2 1L / 1R 3L / 3R Mute / Mute 2L / 2R

2+2+1+1 1L / 1R 3C / 4C Mute / Mute 2L / 2R

2+1+1+1+1 1L / 1R 4C / 5C Mute / Mute 2C / 3C

1+1+1+1+1+1 1C / 2C 3C / 4C 5C / 6C Mute / Mute

4 1L / 1R 1C / 1S Mute / Mute Mute / Mute

2+2 1L / 1R Mute / Mute Mute / Mute 2L / 2R


44

Note: To re-encode a monaural program (such as Program 2 or 3 of a 5.1+1+1 configuration), it is important to set the encoder's Mode parameter to Mono-Left or Mono-Right as described in the Source 1 to 4 description on page 53.

DTS Neural Loudness Control 1 to 4 The SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 each offer four channels of DTS Neural Loudness Control—a loudness leveling device that uses advanced psycho-acoustic and signal processing techniques to accurately detect and regulate the perceived loudness of stereo and 5.1 sources. Using this feature, you can regulate audio without creating the perception of being “squished” or compressed.

One of the important aspects of loudness control is frequency compensation, also known as loudness shaping. Loudness studies dating back to Fletcher /Munson in the 1930s found that the human ear is more sensitive to different frequencies at different loudness levels. The Loudness Shaping (Frequency Compensation) parameter preserves the same perceptual frequency balance as the input signal, while correcting the loudness to match a desired Target Level.

For example, with Loudness Shaping enabled at a medium level, signals that fall below the Target Level setting have more gain added to middle frequencies than higher or lower frequencies. This preserves the original spectral balance. Conversely, signals that fall above the Target Level setting will have middle frequencies attenuated more than higher or lower frequencies. Because the Loudness Shaping parameter applies less gain to high and low frequencies, high or low frequency noise does not become over-emphasized.

Loudness Control PresetsThe Loudness Control feature uses four different presets (Ultra-Light, Light, Medium, and Aggressive). The table below lists the values that each of these presets represents. When this control on the General page is modified, the corresponding preset values are used to populate the specific DTS Neural Loudness Ctrl x pages applicable to the selected Processing Mode. Individual values on these pages can then be fine tuned if desired.

2+1+1 1L / 1R Mute / Mute Mute / Mute 2C / 3C

1+1+1+1 1C / 2C 3C / 4C Mute / Mute Mute / Mute

7.1 1L / 1R 1C / 1LFE 1Ls / 1Rs 1Lrs / 1Rrs

7.1 screen 1L / 1R 1C / 1LFE 1Ls / 1Rs 1Lc / 1Rc

PCM PCM Left / Right

Mute / Mute Mute / Mute Mute / Mute

Table 18. AAP Dolby E Decode Modes (Continued)


AAP 1 Audio 1A/1B

AAP 1 Audio 2A/2B

AAP 1Audio 3A/3B

AAP 1 Audio 4A/4B


45

Loudness Control Function and Loudness Control StatusThe Loudness Control Function parameter enables or bypasses DTS Neural Loudness Control. The default setting is Enabled. The status parameter reports one of the following conditions:

Uninitialized (default)

Running

Not Running (bypassed)

Not Running

Target Loudness Level This control sets the loudness level that will be targeted (from -40 dBEq to 0 dBEq) with a default setting of -27 dBEq. If the loudness leveled output will be encoded in the Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital Plus or Dolby E formats, the Target Loudness Level should be set to a value in the range of -31 dBEq to -1 dBEq, and the corresponding Dialog Normalization setting (page 61) should be set to the same value.

Note: This value should be set according to local laws and customs. For example, if loudness control is being used for broadcast in the U.S.A., the value should be set to -24 dBEq.

Table 19. DTS Neural Loudness Control Preset Settings

Parameter Name Ultra Light Light Medium Aggressive

Loudness Control Function Enable Enable Enable Enable

Loudness Measurement Type LEQ 1770 LEQ 1770 LEQ 1770 LEQ 1770

LC Ratio 0.80 0.95 0.98 1.0

Upper Loudness Threshold (dB) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Lower Loudness Threshold (dB) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Freeze Window (dB) 5.0 4.0 2.0 1.0

Quiet Threshold (dBEq) -55.0 -55.0 -55.0 -55.0

Attack 80.0 50.0 50.0 50.0

Release 300.0 220.0 150.0 100.0

Compressor Threshold (dB) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Compressor Ratio 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Loudness Shaping 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Final Limiter Ceiling (dBFS) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Run Final Limiters Enable Enable Enable Enable

Metering On On On On


46

LC RatioUse this parameter to control the amount of gain or attenuation that is applied when loudness differences are measured. Range: 0% to 100%, with a default setting of 90%.

Lower, Upper, and Quiet ThresholdsLower Threshold and Upper Threshold parameters set the lowest and highest measured loudness below or above the target that will be permitted before gain or attenuation is applied by the loudness control function. The Quiet Threshold parameter controls the noise floor level. The range of the Lower Threshold is -20 dB to 0 dB; the Upper Threshold range is 0 to 20 dB. The default setting for both is 0 dB. Quiet Threshold is set from -80 dBEq to -20 dBEq (default is -50 dBEq).

Freeze WindowUse this control to set the size of a window in which small loudness differences are allowed, without the need to change gain or attenuation. The range is 0.0 dB to 10.0 dB, with a default of 1.0 dB.

Attack Time and Release TimeThe Attack Time parameter controls how quickly the processing will respond to sharp increases in loudness (range: 5 ms to 150 ms), while the Release Time sets the response time to sharp decreases in loudness (range: 20 ms to 500 ms). The Attack Time default is 20 ms; the Release Time default is 120 ms.

Compressor Threshold and Compressor Ratio The Compressor Threshold sets the allowable short-term peak above the target level (range is 0 dB to 16 dB, with a default of 5 dB). Compressor Ratio controls the amount of attenuation applied when short-term peaks exceed the compressor threshold. Settings range from 0.00 to 1.00, with a default of 0.40.

Loudness ShapingUse this control to set the amount of loudness shaping required, from 0.0 to 1.0 (default is 0.5). See DTS Neural Loudness Control 1 to 4 on page 44 for details.

Run Final Limiters and Final Limiter CeilingThe Run Final Limiters control determines if a final maximum loudness limit will be applied. If Run Final Limiters is set to Enable, the Final Limiter Ceiling control sets the threshold above which final limiting will be applied (range is -20 dBFS to 0 dBFS, and default setting is 0 dBFS).

MeteringUse this parameter to activate the real-time meter for the DTS Loudness Control status reports. Values are updated one or two times per second on the following parameters:


47

Current Input Loudness

Current Input Peak

Current Output Loudness

Current Output Peak

Current Correction

Current Compression

Note: Activating the real-time meters will degrade overall responsiveness of the Selenio GUI; they should be deactivated unless you are actively watching them.

Audio 1-8For Dolby Digital and Dolby Digital Plus setup instructions, see page 64

Enable OutputThe Enable Output parameter identifies if the audio is active, and which program it is associated with. On the ENC1, the options are Off, Main, and PIP. The options on the ENC2 are Off and Main. Additionally, both the ENC1 and the ENC2 offer the Independent (Main) option. When this choice is selected (also known as IFB Audio), the audio stream is placed in a separate program and configured for minimal delay. In this situation, the audio PID and PCR PID are the ones specified at TS Mux > MPEG Parameters > Main Program page. The PMT PID will be 32 + 16 x program number. The program number for the audio program increments from the main program by one, for each audio, in order of the stream index.

When set to Independent (Main), the audio program behaves in a manner similar to programs in “Audio Only” mode (selected by setting Video > Primary Source > None) with the exception that the delay for the independent audio program is only 150 msec, as opposed to the 500 msec used for programs in the “Audio Only” mode.

The Independent (Main) option makes it possible to encode a secondary audio that is not delayed by the same amount of delay encountered by the video when passing through the encoder. This audio can signal events downstream in advance of the corresponding video.

Loss of InputThe audio Loss of Input parameter controls which action to perform when the input source is not present. Available options are Mute (default) and Stop. If you select Mute, the encoded stream will continue to code silence. If you select Stop, the data rate for that encoded stream will go to zero in the event of input loss, producing an illegal stream (the PID referred to in the PMT is no longer in the transport stream). Downstream devices can detect this illegal stream, trigger an alarm, and switch to an alternate audio source.

For externally compressed audio, the Mute option is not available. In that case, if the input is lost, the encoder creates a “dummy” PMT entry with default values.

For 5.1 audio, if the setting is Mute, the audio for a given source (pair of channels) is muted when the source (pair of channels) is lost, and the other channels continue to be coded. However, when you have selected Stop, if any of the sources (channels) in the mix are lost, the entire output of elementary stream for the 5.1 audio is stopped, producing an illegal stream, as described above.


48

ModeThe audio encoding modes are set as follows:

Mode 5.1 is used for 5.1 channel surround sound. Mode-5-1 is also used for all configuration of Dolby E encoding (up to 8 channels).

Mono-Left encodes monaural audio from the first (left) channel of the input pair selected by Source 1.

Mono-Right encodes monaural audio from the second (right) channel of the input pair selected by Source 1.

Stereo encodes stereo audio, left and right.

Parametric Stereo is used for very low bitrate AAC-HE v.2 encoding (this setting is available if the Audio Format parameter indicates AAC-HE encoding).

Dual-mono mode applies only when the Audio Format parameter indicates MPEG 1 encoding. To assist with decoder automation, the stream is marked as Dual-mono. The actual encoding process is identical to stereo.

When encoding in Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus formats, the actual channel configuration is controlled by the active Metadata Source (metadata generator, serial port, or VANC) described on page 58. This Mode setting acts as a limit on the coding mode and Low Frequency Effects (LFE) channel settings that may be used in the Metadata Source. When Mono (Left) or Mono (Right) are selected, the coding mode must be 1/0 and the LFE channel will not be encoded. When Stereo is selected, the coding mode can be 1/0 or 2/0 and the LFE channel will not be encoded. If Multichannel is the selected option, all coding modes are supported and the LFE channel can be encoded. The Parametric Stereo and Dual Mono modes are not selectable when encoding in Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus formats.

Audio FormatThis parameter sets the audio input coding standard. The default setting is MPEG-192k. See Table 21 on page 49 to Table 20 on page 48 for details. (AAC-HE, AAC-LC ≤80 kbps, Dolby Digital < 96 kbps, and Dolby Digital Plus < 96 kbps are not supported for ultra-low latency.)

Table 20. Audio Encoding Formats

Option Prefix Type of Encoding Affected

AAC-HE- and AAC-LC AAC encoding

Dolby Digital Dolby Digital (AC-3)

Dolby Digital Plus Dolby Digital Plus

Externally Compressed External audio encoders (passthrough of Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital Plus, or Dolby E encoding)

MPEG MPEG 1 Layer 2 encoding

SMPTE302 Uncompressed AES3 according to SMPTE 302

Dolby E Dolby E


49

*.

Table 21. AAC-HE, AAC-LC Audio Format and Audio Mode Settings and Bitrates

Possible Audio Format Settings

Possible Audio Mode Settings *NominalBit Rate (bps)

Transport StreamBit Rate (bps)(Includes TS Overhead)

ENC2 Support for Low Latency

MonoDual Mono and Stereo

ParametricStereo 5.1

AAC-HE-24k Yes Yes Yes 24000 24720 No





AAC-LC-56k Yes Yes Yes 56000 57680 No

AAC-HE-64k Yes Yes Yes Yes 64000 65920 No

AAC-LC-64k Yes Yes 64000 65920 No

AAC-HE-80k Yes Yes 80000 82400 No

AAC-LC-80k Yes Yes Yes 80000 82400 No

AAC-HE-96k Yes Yes 96000 98880 No

AAC-LC-96k Yes Yes Yes 96000 98880 Yes

AAC-HE-112k Yes Yes 112000 115360 No


AAC-HE-128k Yes Yes 128000 131840 No


AAC-HE-160k Yes 160000 164800 No


AAC-HE-192k Yes 192000 197760 No


AAC-HE-224k Yes 224000 230720 No


AAC-HE-240k Yes 240000 247200 No

AAC-LC-256k Yes Yes 256000 263680 Yes

AAC-LC-280k Yes 280000 288400 Yes





AAC-LC-576k Yes 576000 593280 Yes

AAC-LC-640k Yes 640000 659200 Yes

AAC-LC-800k Yes 800000 824000 Yes

* AAC-HE indicates that Spectral Band Replication is being used. AAC-HE Version 1 is used when Audio Format is set to AAC-HE in Mono, Dual-Mono, and Stereo modes. AAC-HE Version 2 is used when Audio Format is set to AAC-HE and the Mode is set to Parametric Stereo.


50

Table 22. Dolby Digital Audio Format and Audio Mode Relationships and Bitrates


Possible Metadata Coding Mode Settings Nominal

Bit Rate (bps)


ENC2 Support for Low Latency1.0 2.0

3.0 and 2.1

3.1 and 2.2

3/2

Dolby Digital 56k Yes 56000 58751 No



Dolby Digital 96k Yes Yes 96000 99223 Yes

Dolby Digital 112k Yes Yes 112000 114889 Yes

Dolby Digital 128k Yes Yes Yes 128000 131601 Yes

Dolby Digital 160k Yes Yes Yes 160000 164501 Yes

Dolby Digital 192k Yes Yes Yes Yes 192000 197401 Yes

Dolby Digital 224k Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 224000 229778 Yes








Table 23. Externally-Compressed Audio Format and Audio Mode Relationships and Bitrates

Possible AudioFormat Settings *

Possible AudioMode Settings

NominalBit Rate (bps)

Transport Stream Bit Rate (bps)(Includes TS Overhead)

Externally Compressed-192k Stereo 192000 198445






Externally Compressed-2400k or Dolby E(for use with external Dolby E encoders)

Stereo 2400000 2419200

* The audio mode is ignored for these standard settings.


51

Table 24. Dolby Digital Plus Audio Format and Audio Mode Relationships and Bitrates


Possible Metadata Coding Mode Settings Nominal

Bit Rate (bps)

Transport Stream Bit Rate (bps) (Includes TS Overhead)

ENC2 Support for Low Latency

1.0 2.0 3/0and 2/1

3/1and 2/2

3/2

Dolby Digital Plus-32k Yes 32000 33572 No




Dolby Digital Plus-64k Yes Yes 64000 67143 No




Dolby Digital Plus-96k Yes Yes 96000 99223 Yes




Dolby Digital Plus-128k Yes Yes Yes 128000 131600 Yes

Dolby Digital Plus-144k Yes Yes Yes 144000 147715 Yes

Dolby Digital Plus-160k Yes Yes Yes Yes 160000 164500 Yes

Dolby Digital Plus-176k Yes Yes Yes Yes 176000 181286 Yes

Dolby Digital Plus-192k Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 192000 197400 Yes

















52












Table 24. Dolby Digital Plus Audio Format and Audio Mode Relationships and Bitrates (Continued)

Table 25. MPEG Audio Format and Audio Mode Relationships and Bitrates

Possible AudioFormat Settings

Possible Audio Mode Settings

NominalBit Rate (bps)


Mono Dual-Mono Stereo

MPEG-32k Yes 32000 34182

MPEG-48k Yes 48000 50134

MPEG-56k Yes 56000 62667

MPEG-64k Yes Yes Yes 64000 67889

MPEG-80k Yes 80000 83556






MPEG-224k Yes Yes 224000 229778

MPEG-256k Yes Yes 256000 262061

MPEG-320k Yes Yes 320000 329001

MPEG-384k Yes Yes 384000 393091


53

Source 1 to 4This parameter selects the audio source for each multichannel codec. The options include None (default), Mute, Tone, one of the eight AES inputs, one of the eight embedded audio groups, or one of the four AAP 1 outputs described in Enabling Advanced Audio Processing Modes on page 41.

When encoding monaural material from the pair of channels specified by Source 1, the Mode parameter determines which channel is encoded. When Mode is set to Mono (Left), the module encodes the 1st (left) channel of the Source 1 input. Mode set to Mono (Right) encodes the 2nd (right) channel of the Source 1 input.

When the Mode is configured as Multichannel (5+1) for Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus encoding, there are two channel mappings possible, one with up to 6 channels of audio input and one limited to 4 channels. The choice of channel mapping is determined by whether Source 3 is set to none or another choice:

Source 1 = Left / Right Source 2 = Center / LFE Source 3 = Surround Left / Surround Right

or

Source 1 = Left / Right Source 2 = Center / Surround (mono) Source 3 = None

The second choice should be used when encoding a 4 channel program out of a Dolby E decoder (either external or in the AAP 1).

Table 26. SMPTE 302 and Dolby E Sample Size, Bitrate, and Transport Stream Rate

Standard *Possible AudioMode Settings

SampleWidth

NominalBit Rate(bps)


SMPTE302-2000k or Dolby E-2000k

Stereo 16 bits 1920000 2016000 bps

SMPTE302-2400k or Dolby E-2400k

Stereo 20 bits 2304000 2419200 bps

SMPTE302-2800k Stereo 24 bits 2688000 2822400 bps

*The audio Mode will be forced to stereo for the SMPTE302 settings and to Multichannel for the Dolby E settings.


54

When Audio Format indicates Dolby E encoding, the Source 4 control is used to support specification of two additional channels, allowing up to eight channels of input to the Dolby E encoder. See Table 27.

DelayThis parameter makes it possible to correct lip-sync by adjusting audio delay between -500 and +500 msec, relative to video. A negative number causes the audio signal to precede the video and helps to synchronize audio and video when using an external audio encoder. The best negative delay value to use is the one that most closely approximates the external audio encoder’s end-to-end processing time.

Note: When the ENC2 is in low delay mode, only values of 0 to 500 msec are available. Also, an ENC2 may not be able to support a full scale negative delay of -500 msec. The actual limit supported depends on the total latency of the configured encoder, which is affected by the audio and video configuration chosen.

Table 27. Mapping Dolby E Programs


Source 1 Source 2 Source 3 Source 4

5.1+2 1L / 1R 1C / 1LFE 1Ls / 1Rs 2L / 2R

5.1+1+1 1L / 1R 1C / 1LFE 1Ls / 1Rs 2C / 3C

4+4 1L / 1R 1C / 1S 2C / 2S 2L / 2R

4+2+2 1L / 1R 1C / 1S 3L / 3R 2L / 2R

4+2+1+1 1L / 1R 1C / 1S 3C / 4C 2L / 2R

4+1+1+1+1 1L / 1R 1C / 1S 4C / 5C 2C / 3C

2+2+2+2 1L / 1R 3L / 3R 4L / 4R 2L / 2R

2+2+2+1+1 1L / 1R 3L / 3R 4C / 5C 2L / 2R

2+2+1+1+1+1 1L / 1R 3C / 4C 5C / 6C 2L / 2R

2+1+1+1+1+1+1 1L / 1R 4C / 5C 6C / 7C 2C / 3C

1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 1C / 2C 3C / 4C 5C / 6C 7C / 8C

5.1 1L / 1R 1C / 1LFE 1Ls / 1Rs Unused / Unused

4+2 1L / 1R 1C / 1S Unused/Unused 2L / 2R

4+1+1 1L / 1R 1C / 1S Unused / Unused 2C / 3C

2+2+2 1L / 1R 3L / 3R Unused / Unused 2L / 2R

2+2+1+1 1L / 1R 3C / 4C Unused / Unused 2L / 2R

2+1+1+1+1 1L / 1R 4C / 5C Unused / Unused 2C / 3C

1+1+1+1+1+1 1C / 2C 3C / 4C 5C / 6C Unused / Unused

4 1L / 1R 1C / 1S Unused / Unused Unused / Unused

2+2 1L / 1R Unused / Unused Unused / Unused 2L / 2R

2+1+1 1L / 1R Unused / Unused Unused / Unused 2C / 3C

1+1+1+1 1C / 2C 3C / 4C Unused / Unused Unused / Unused


55

GainThis parameter sets the audio gain to apply, with a range of -80.0 to 40.0 dB (default is 0).

De-emphasisWhen this parameter is set to On, the audio compression is affected in different ways, depending on the type of signal.

Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus: The encoder applies de-emphasis prior to audio compression.

MPEG: The encoder sets a flag in the audio stream that directs downstream equipment to apply de-emphasis.

When you set De-emphasis to Auto, its behavior is determined by the channel bits in the input audio stream. It behaves as if set to On when a channel block is received indicating 50/15 µs pre-emphasis; it behaves as though set to Off for all other pre-emphasis indications (or lack thereof). Audio standards other than Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital Plus or MPEG are not affected by this parameter.

Copyright and OriginalThese two parameters set Copyright and Original markers for downstream use.

Language CodeThis control specifies the ISO language code identifying the audio stream. In Dual Mono (1+1) mode, the control specifies the code used for the first monaural channel, while the following 2nd Language Code control becomes enabled and specifies the code used for the second monaural channel. You can type a country code directly into this field. The default setting for this parameter is English (eng).

Codec Sample RateAvailable options are 32 kHz and 48 kHz. The 32 kHz sample rate is only currently valid for MPEG, AAC-HE, and AAC-LC audio codecs, and is not supported in Low Latency mode on the ENC2. The Selenio DEC1 and DEC2 decoders accept the 32 kHz sample rate on these codecs only.

Note: This control only affects the sample rate used by the codec to compress the audio stream. The audio inputs (embedded or AES-3) for these encoder cards must still use a 48 kHz sample rate. Hardware sample rate converters will adjust the input sample rate to 48 kHz for AES-3 inputs, but there is no equivalent conversion available for embedded audio input.

Source Substream IDThis control selects the externally compressed substream to receive when the Audio Format parameter is set to one of the Externally Compressed* choices. This value defaults to 0. If the external compression equipment has a “stream” or “substream” setting, this parameter should be set to match.


56

Status

AV Sync Adjust Count If audio and video streams have different time bases, they will, over time, drift apart. When their relative timing difference becomes too large, the encoder adjusts its internal timing to synchronize them. This condition does not necessarily indicate errors in the audio or video, but it can be an important diagnostic tool for some applications.

When the encoder receives a new configuration or re-acquires its audio/video, it can increment this value when synchronizing the inputs. If this count is incrementing, this may indicate that either there are errors in the audio or video signals being received, or pre-compressed audio input is not locked to the video time base. In some cases, the encoder may not have video input, or it might derive its time base from an input other than video. The AV Sync Adjust Count applies to audio synchronization adjustments relative to the time base. Video normally supplies that time base, but some exceptions exist.

PMT Channel and Loss of SignalThe PMT Channel read-only parameter indicates the relative position of this audio stream in the PMT corresponding to the Enable Output setting. Loss of Signal is a read-only parameter confirming the presence of all required sources (per the Mode setting).

Configuration ErrorThis read-only parameter identifies the following errors (most of which can be rectified by changing the settings in the Audio Compression parameters):

Audio Format Not Supported at System Delay

Rate Not Supported at System Delay

Rate Not Supported for Mode

Rate Not Supported for Audio Format

Mode Not Supported for Audio Format

Metadata Coding Mode Not Supported for Rate

Dolby E Rate Bit-Depth Mismatch

Dolby E Program Config Bit-Depth Mismatch

Signaling Not Supported SBR Implicit/PS Explicit

Codec Sample Rate Not Supported at System Delay

Audio Format Not Supported with Frame Reference

AAP Not Supported at System Delay

No Resource for AAP

To correct errors that generated the Rate Not Supported for System Delay message, see Video Compression > General > System Delay.

To correct errors that generated the Mode Not Supported for Rate message, see your settings in Audio > Audio x > Mode or Audio > Metadata Generator x > Coding Mode.


57

AAC

PS (Parametric Stereo) SignalingThis parameter specifies the type of parametric stereo signaling for AAC audio encoding. The Auto setting instructs the encoder to select the PS signaling that is most appropriate, based on the program's SI-Mode.

If the SI-Mode is set to ATSC (in Transport Stream > General), the Auto setting forces the module to the Explicit setting.

If the SI-Mode is set to anything other than ATSC, the Auto setting forces the module to an Implicit setting.

AAC PS Signalling applies only when Audio Format (in Audio x) is set to one of the AAC-HE values and Mode is set to Parametric-Stereo.

SBR SignalingThe SBR Signaling parameter provides two options for signaling the presence of SBR data in the audio stream: Implicit and Explicit HIER. The parametric and SBR Signaling parameters should normally be set to Auto. When set to Auto, the module uses the appropriate settings, based on the option selected in the SI Mode (ATSC, ISDB-T, etc.). Advanced users can override these settings for special cases.

The Explicit-HIER option creates a stream explicitly indicating the presence of SBR data. Hierarchical signaling indicates the underlying audio object type.

SBR signaling only applies when the following conditions are met:

The audio standard is set to an AAC-HE*... setting

AAC Transport is set to Auto or LOAS.

AAC Version is set to Auto or MPEG-4.

AAC-HE-Profile decoders detect SBR when in implicitly-signaled streams. Older decoders (unusual) may lose framing if confronted with implicitly signaled SBR or Parametric Stereo.

TransportThis parameter sets the audio stream type field in the PMT and the audio encapsulation format used for the stream. The Auto setting detects the input audio coding standard that is set at Audio x > Audio Format.

If the standard has been set to AAC-LC*... the Auto parameter defaults to ADTS.

If the standard has been set to AAC-HE*... the Auto parameter defaults to LOAS.

ADTS (Audio Data Transport Stream) is defined in ISO/IEC 13818-7 and is typically used with AAC-LC-formatted audio.

LOAS (Low Overhead Audio Stream) is defined in ISO/IEC 14496-3 and is typically used with AAC-HE-formatted audio.

The Transport parameter applies only when the Audio Format (in Audio x) is set to an AAC... selection.


58

PES PackingThe available Packetized Elementary Stream Packing options are Standard (unaligned) and Compatibility (aligned, low fidelity). The Compatibility form of PES Packing may result in some loss of fidelity in the encoding. It should only be used when downstream decoders are unable to handle unaligned PES packing. When the Compatibility form of PES Packing is selected, the transport stream overhead may increase to as much as 10% (normally it is 3%) at low bit rates.

Dolby E Encoder

Bit DepthThis control sets the Bit Depth of the Dolby E audio stream to 16-bit or 20-bit. To use all eight audio channels, set the Bit Depth to 20. A Bit Depth of 16 allows reduced bandwidth (Dolby E-2000k instead of Dolby E-2400k) but only supports a maximum of six audio channels. The 20 (TOF Align) setting is an alternate positioning of the Dolby E encoded frames which is not strictly correct, but may be necessary for some downstream equipment. For most applications, it should not be used.

Program ConfigurationThis parameter sets the Dolby E audio program mix. The default setting is 5.1+2.

MetadataThe Metadata section is enabled when Audio Format is used to select Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital Plus, or one of the Dolby E modes.

Metadata SourceUse this parameter to set the source for audio metadata. Options are Generator-1, Generator-2, Serial-1, Serial-2, VANC, and AAP-1. When VANC is selected as the source for metadata, the encoder will preferentially use the SDID associated with the input pair (embedded or AES) selected for source 1. It will fall back to SDID 1 if Source 1 is neither embedded nor AES, or if the associated SDID is not available.

When this option is set to AAP-1 and the AAP 1 Configuration > General > Processing Mode parameter is set to M8: Dolby E Decode, the controlling metadata will be taken preferentially from the metadata extracted by the Dolby E decode process of the Advanced Audio Processing function. If no Dolby E stream is received, or if a different Processing Mode is selected in the AAP-1, the encoding will follow the Metadata Reversion setting as described below.

Metadata Reversion If the module detects an interruption in the Metadata Source, this option sets the response as either Last (if available) or one of the two internal generators


59

Metadata ProgramThis parameter pairs the audio program with one of the metadata programs.

Metadata OverrideUse this control to override some sections of the metadata from the serial port, VANC, or AAP-1, with your own settings. The section selected here is replaced with the metadata from the metadata generator specified by Metadata Source or Metadata Reversion, while the remainder is left untouched.

Metadata Source UsedThis read-only parameter displays which source is actually being used for metadata. The value displayed can be the same as the Metadata Source selection if that source is providing good metadata. Otherwise, the source is Last Received or Internal, if there are errors or a loss of input. Possible values are:

None

Serial-1

Serial-2

Last Received

Internal

Generator-1

Generator-2

Vanc

AAP-1

Note: When Metadata Source indicates Last Received, changes to the associated Audio or Metadata Generator configuration parameters will cause the last received metadata to be discarded and the new internal generator metadata to be used.

Metadata ErrorThis read-only parameter shows the current metadata errors. Options are:

No Error

No External Data

No Metadata Preamble

Parse Error

ACMod Configured Mode Mismatch

ACMod Configured Bitrate Mismatch

Program Not Found

Program Config Number of Channels Mismatch


60

Metadata Generator 1 and 2Although these parameters are visible, they are only enabled when you purchase the appropriate Dolby license key and select one of the Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital Plus, or Dolby E options in Audio > Audio x > Audio Formats.

Program Select Each metadata generator contains eight programs. The Program Select parameter makes it possible to select the program that you want to be editing. The Metadata Program under Audio > Audio x > Metadata lets you select the program to use for a particular Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus encoded audio stream.

Dolby E also makes use of these selections. However, Dolby E can use more than one program in a stream, as defined under Audio > Audio x > Dolby E Encoder > Program Configuration. The Dolby E encoder always starts with program 1 and uses them consecutively up to the number of programs specified by the program configuration.

Bitstream ModeThis control sets the Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus bitstream mode. Options are: Complete Main, Music and Effects, Visually Impaired, Hearing Impaired, Dialogue, Commentary, Emergency, and Voiceover (Mode 1-0-C) or Karaoke (Voiceover applies in coding mode 1-0; Karaoke applies in all other coding modes).

Coding ModeUse this parameter to select one of the following Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus coding modes:

1-0 C

2-0 L R

3-0 L C R

2-1 L R S

3-1 L C R S

2-2 L R Ls Rs

3-2 L C R Ls Rs

Only coding modes 1-0 C and 2-0 L R should be selected when Mode is set to Stereo on the corresponding Audio > Audio x page. Only coding mode 1-0 C should be selected when Mode is set to Mono (Left) or Mono (Right).

Center Mix LevelThe Dolby Digital (AC-3) Center Mix level can be set to -3.0 db, -4.5 dB, or -6.0 dB. This control is only active if Extended Bitstream Information is disabled and the corresponding channel(s) are included by the Coding Mode parameter. This parameter is not used by the Dolby Digital Plus encoder.


61

Surround Mix LevelThe Dolby Digital (AC-3) Surround Mix Level can be set to -3.0 dB, -6.0 dB, or Infinity. This control is only active if Extended Bitstream Information is disabled and the corresponding channel(s) are included by the Coding Mode parameter. This parameter is not used by the Dolby Digital Plus encoder.

Dolby Surround Mode and LFE ChannelThe Dolby Surround Mode parameter indicates if the source material was externally enhanced with Dolby Surround Mode, and it only applies to coding mode 2-0.

You should carefully select the setting of the Dolby Surround Mode parameter whenever you are encoding stereo input to the Selenio encoder. The Dolby Surround Mode metadata indicates to the downstream decoder whether the stereo audio has been created from an original 5.1 source with a downmixer that used the Dolby Surround process. This is the process that the downstream decoder would use if the encoder was receiving and encoding a 5.1 source, and the decoder was downmixing to stereo (because the user only has 2 speakers) using the Lt/Rt downmix process (as opposed to the Lo/Ro downmix). Essentially, the Dolby Surround process produces a downmix with phase information that allows it to be re-upmixed better.

Similarly, you should carefully select the setting of LFE Channel whenever you are encoding more than two channels in the following coding modes:

3-0 L C R

2-1 L R S

3-1 L C R S

2-2 L R Ls Rs

3-2 L C R Ls Rs

The LFE Channel parameter tells the encoder whether or not to encode the LFE (sub-woofer) channel. Some audio sources may not have separated out the low frequencies from the other channels, and there's no reason to encode them. However, most modern equipment does process the low frequencies in a separate channel (since humans cannot tell the direction from which low frequencies are coming).

If the selected Coding Mode is not one of the options shown above, the LFE Channel control is grayed out.)

The Dolby Surround Mode and LFE Channel parameters are important; however, the default settings are often the correct ones to use.

Dialog NormalizationUse this control to set the average dialogue level, from -31 dB to -1 dB, (default is -27 dB). If the source of this encoding is Loudness Control processing in the Advanced Audio Processor, the value of Dialog Normalization should match the Target Loudness Level setting.

Audio Production InfoThis parameter enables the Mix Level and Room Type controls.


62

Mix LevelThis parameter sets the Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus acoustic sound pressure level used during final audio mixing. The range is 80 dB to 111 dB, with a default of 105 dB. The Mix Level control is only active if the Audio Production Info control is set to Yes.

Room TypeThis control sets the type and calibration of the mixing room used for the final audio mixing session when the audio standard is set to a Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus selection. Options are Not Indicated, Small Room and Large Room. The Room Type controls are only active if the Audio Production Info control is set to Yes.

Copyright ProtectedThis control sets a copyright indicator in the metadata, which is visible at the decoder.

Original BitstreamThe Original Bitstream parameter sets a flag for downstream use.

Extended Bitstream InformationThis control enables or disables Extended Bitstream Information Metadata. (An Ext at the beginning of an audio parameter name indicates an extended parameter controlled by the Extended Bitstream Information control.)

When Extended Bitstream Information is Enabled, the Ext series of controls replaces the simpler Center Mix Level and Surround Mix Level controls. The Ext controls that are enabled are those that are appropriate for the current setting of Coding Mode.

The Dolby Digital encoder can use either Center Mix/Surround Mix or Ext controls, but the Dolby Digital Plus or Dolby E encoder will transmit only the Extended Bitstream Information values. If the metadata generator is used to control a Dolby Digital Plus or Dolby E encoder, and the Extended Bitstream Information control is set to Disabled, the Center Mix Level value will be used to populate the LoRo Ctr Mix Level parameter while the Surround Mix Level value will be used to populate the LoRo Surr Mix Level parameter. All other Extended Bitstream Information parameters will be set to their default values. This same strategy is also used when receiving metadata which does not contain Extended Bitstream Information from an external source (serial port or VANC).

Ext Stereo DownmixThis parameter specifies the preferred downmix to be used by a decoder with fewer speakers than the number of encoded channels. The choices are: Not Indicated (no preference specified during the encoding process), Lt/Rt Preferred (the decoder should favor Left total/Right total or “Pro Logic” downmix), and Lo/Ro Preferred (the decoder should favor a Left only/Right only “simple stereo” or mono downmix. This control is enabled when Extended Bitstream Information is set to Enable and Coding Mode is greater than 2-0.


63

Ext LtRt Ctr Mix Level and Ext LtRt Surr Mix LevelThese controls set the center and surround mix levels for Left total/Right total downmixing.

Ext LoRo Ctr Mix Level and Ext LoRo Surr Mix LevelThese controls set the Extended Lo-Ro (Left-Only/Right Only) Center and Surround Mix levels to 3.0 dB, 1.5 dB, 0.0 dB, -1.5 dB, -3.0 dB, -4.5 dB, -6.0 dB, and -Inf dB.

Ext Dolby Digital Surround EX ModeSet this parameter to Yes if the input multiple surround channel audio signal has been encoded with Extended Dolby Digital Surround EX Mode.

Ext A-to-D TypeThis parameter selects the type of analog-to-digital converter that was used to capture the audio prior to encoding. Options are Standard and HDCD (High Definition Compatible Digital).

DC High-Pass Filter, Low-Pass Filter, and LFE Low-Pass FiltersThese controls provide enable/disable control of the DC High-Pass Filter, Low-Pass Filter, and LFE Low-Pass Filters. The default setting for these parameters is Enabled.

Surround Channel Phase Shift and Surround Channel AttenuationThe Surround Channel Phase Shift enables a 90 degree phase shift to the surround channel(s); the Surround Channel Attenuation enables the encoder’s 3 dB attenuation of the surround channel(s). Surround Channel Phase Shift is enabled by default; Surround Channel Attenuation is disabled by default.

RF Mode Dynamic Range ProfileThis control selects one of six standard dynamic range control profiles used by the decoder when producing an output that is suitable for inclusion in an RF signal (NTSC baseband).

Line Mode Dynamic Range ProfileThis control selects one of six standard dynamic range control profiles to be used by the decoder when producing line-out audio.


64

Setup Instructions for Dolby Digital and Dolby Digital Plus Follow these steps to set up Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus encoding:

1 In Audio Compression > x, select the audio compression channel you require.

2 Select General.

3 In Audio Format, select Dolby Digital or Dolby Digital Plus with its encoded bitrate.

Figure 19. Dolby Digital Selection

4 In the Mode parameter, select Mode 5-1, Mono-Left, Stereo, or Mono-Right.

Figure 20. Mode Selection


65

5 In Enable Output, select Main.

Figure 21. Output Enabled

6 Route the audio to the correct input channels shown in Table 28, based on the Mode you selected (use Source 4 for Dolby E encoding).

7 Select the Metadata options as described on page 67.

Dolby E Compression SetupFollow these steps to set up Dolby E compression:

1 In Audio Compression > x, select the audio compression channel you require.

2 Select General.

3 In Audio Format, select the Dolby E option you require.

2000K options allow a bit depth of 16; 2400K options allow a bit depth of 16 or 20. Special bit depth 20 (TOF aligned) is non-standard support for some broken receivers.

Table 28. Input Channels and Modes

Mode Source 1 Source 2 Source 3

Stereo L/R Unused Unused

Stereo1 C/-- Unused Unused

Mono-Left C/-- Unused Unused

Mono-Right --/C Unused Unused

Mode 5-1 L/R C/LFE SL/SR

Mode 5-12 L/R C/S none

Mode 5-13 L/R C/LFE S/--

1 When metadata Coding Mode is 1-0C2 When Source 3 is set to none 3 When metadata Coding Mode is 2-1 LRS or 3-1 LCRSNote: If metadata Coding Mode or LFE Channel requires channels not provided here, an alarm is triggered at runtime.


66

Figure 22. Audio Format Selection

4 Switch from General to Dolby E Encoder in the drop down menu.

Figure 23. Dolby E Encoder Menu

5 Select the Bit Depth and Program Configuration options.


67

Figure 24. Bit Depth and Program Configuration

6 Select the Metadata options as described on page 67.

Metadata Setup for Dolby E and Dolby DigitalFollow these steps to configure the metadata source and policies:

1 In Audio Compression > x, select the audio compression channel you require, and then select Metadata at the top of the page.

Figure 25. Metadata Source and Policies

2 Select the option you require in Metadata Source.

3 For Dolby Digital, select the Metadata Program option your require (Dolby E uses Programs 1 .. n per Program Configuration).

4 Select the necessary Metadata Reversion and Metadata Override options.


68

Data

StatusThe following read-only parameters are included:

CC Count

CC Translation

KLV Rate

KLV Drop

OP-47 Drop

OP-47 Lines

Subtitle Rate

Subtitle Drop

Ext Data Chars

Ext Data Drop

Splice Event Count

Ancillary

RateThis parameter sets the maximum data bitrate to be encoded. When the data source specifies a data input value other than 0, incoming data is added to the encoder's program as a data stream. The encoder will discard excess data to avoid overrunning the configured bandwidth.

The associated transport stream bitrate can be computed as follows:

ts_rate = data_rate * 188 / 175

Every transport stream packet (188 bytes) carries a 4-byte header. Packets with data also carry a 9-byte PES header, leaving 175 bytes for the data payload. The encoder deducts this stream's bandwidth from the overall transport stream rate when computing the video rate.

FilterThis parameter enables or disables VANC service filtering by DID/SDID values.

The Enable option makes it possible to select explicit individual VANC services. Table entries with valid DID/SDID combinations are extracted from the encoder's input and copied to the transport stream output. VANC data with non-matching DID and SDID values are filtered out and discarded. (The Enable option affects only the SMPTE 2038 / RDD 11 operation, not any other VANC service.)


69

When Disabled is chosen, all VANC data is extracted from the encoder's input (instead of being filtered) and data that is eligible for passthrough is copied to the MPEG output stream. The encoder handles some VANC data input directly, such as embedded audio. These VANC data might affect the generated transport stream, but they are not copied to the stream as part of the unfiltered processing.

FormatEither SMPTE-2038 or RDD-11 are available.

VANC Service xThe following VANC Service options are offered when the Ancillary Filter is enabled:

None

Active Format Description

Ancillary Timecode

Closed Captions (EIA-608)

Closed Captions (EIA-708)

Dolby Audio Metadata

Film Codes

KLV Encoded Metadata

Payload Identification

Program Description

SCTE-104 Splicing

VBI Data

Broadcast Flag

Broadcast Alert System

Local IDentification Inserted Automatically (also known as LIDIA)

Table 29. DID/SDID Value Ranges and Passthrough Behavior When Filter is Off

DID SDID Pass Throughwith Filter OFF Notes

0x00 any No Undefined value. Both the DID and SDID designate zero as undefined in all contexts. A zero DID overrides the SDID and makes it irrelevant. Similarly, a zero SDID should not occur with any DID.

any 0x00

0x01 0x02 0x03

n/a No These DID values are reserved (unused).

0x04 0x?0 0x?4 0x?8 0x?c

No Reserved for 8-bit applications. The low-order 2 bits of the SDID must be zero; the upper 4 bits of the SDID (represented as '?') are unrestricted. The SDID value 0x00 is excluded.

0x05 0x06 0x07



70

0x08 0x?0 0x?4 0x?8 0x?c


0x09 0x0a 0x0b


0x0c 0x?0 0x?4 0x?8 0x?c


0x0d 0x0e 0x0f


0x10 to 0x3f

any No These DID/SDID values are reserved.

0x40 to 0x4f

0x01 to 0xff

Yes These DID/SDID values are registered.(0x41, 0x01): Payload identification.(0x44, 0x04): KLV-Encoder metadata(0x45, 0x01 through 0x09): Dolby audio metadata.

0x50 to 0x5f

0x01 to 0xff

Yes These DID/SDID values are for user applications.(0x51, 0x01): Film codes.

0x60 to 0x7f

0x01 to 0xff

Yes These DID/SDID values are registered.(0x60, 0x60): RP-188 ancillary time code.(0x61, 0x01): EIA-708-B closed captions.(0x61, 0x02): EIA-608 closed captions.(0x62, 0x01): RP-207 program description.(0x62, 0x03): RP-208 VBI data.

0x80 to 0x9f

n/a No These DID values are defined to ignore the SDID.

0xa0 to 0xdf

n/a Yes These DID values are defined to ignore the SDID.

0xe0 to 0xe7

n/a No These DID values are defined to ignore the SDID. (0xe0 to 0xe3): 299M, HDTV, control.(0xe4 to 0xe7): 299M, HDTV, audio.

0xe8 to 0xeb


0xec to 0xef

n/a No These DID values are defined to ignore the SDID. (0xec to 0xef): AES control packet.

0xf0 to 0xf3


Table 29. DID/SDID Value Ranges and Passthrough Behavior When Filter is Off (Continued)


71

Ancillary StatusThis section provides the read-only status of Rate in Mb/sec, and Drop.

Drop is the cumulative count of KLV or OP-47 VANC packets that are dropped due to errors in the VANC packet, or a data rate that exceeds the configured rate.

Service x Rate indicates that the designated VANC Service is active and reports its cumulative VANC data rate.

Service x Present indicates that the designated VANC Service is active and reports whether the selected VANC service has been received over the last second.

VBI

Field 1 and 2 Line x FunctionFields 1 and 2 Line x Function selects the processing function for VBI lines 6 to 23 in Field 1, and VBI lines 5 to 22 in Field 2. The availability of this selection depends upon the feature keys purchased for the module. The ranges of available lines depend upon the field and video standards as follows:

525 Fields 1 and 2: Lines 10 to 22

625 Field 1: Lines 6 to 23; Field 2: Lines 5 to 22

The following options are available in Fields 1 and 2 Line x Function:

None specifies no VBI data for this line.

DVITC directs the encoder to extract Digital Vertical Interval Time Code from the specified VBI lines. The time codes are then transmitted in the MPEG stream according to SCTE 127 (an extension to ETSI EN 300 472). Typically, DVITC is carried on line 14, but it can appear on other VBI lines.

Lossless Monochrome sample data coding can be used to transmit 4:2:2 data without chrominance. See ETSI EN 301 775 V1.1.1, section 4.8. Up to a maximum of four lines per field can be coded as lossless; a program in DVB mode has constraints on using this function.

0xf4 n/a No These DID values are defined to ignore the SDID. (0xf4): Error detection (EDH).

0xf5 to 0xf7

n/a Yes These DID values are defined to ignore the SDID. (0xf5): Time code.

0xf8 to 0xff

n/a No These DID values are defined to ignore the SDID. The following items have registered meanings, are used internally by the encoder, and should not be assigned to services: (0xf8 to 0xff): AES audio.

Table 29. DID/SDID Value Ranges and Passthrough Behavior When Filter is Off (Continued)


72

WST selects the World System Teletext transmission format can be configured to conform to ETSI EN-300-472, to ETSI EN-301-775, or to both standards. These standards make possible the following lines to be encoded: 7 to 22 and 320 to 335, corresponding to VBI line indexes 7 to 22 in both field 1 and 2. The standards list lines outside this range as undefined or reserved.

Consequently, the WST function should be specified only for lines 7 to 22 in either field. The encoder ignores WST outside this range (treats the function as none).

Closed Caption specifies the selected line should carry closed captioning data. That is, the encoder extracts the closed caption data from this line (typically line 21) of the input video, decodes that according to EIA-608, and then transmits it through the MPEG stream according to EIA-708.

Typically, this value would be used for NTSC and NTSC-J and would be specified only to VBI line 21 (in both fields).

Nonetheless, the encoder does not treat this value as a special case. It will do its best to process closed captions on whatever lines are configured.

Both the ENC1 and ENC2 operate similarly with closed captioning.

SD-SDI CC is taken from:

CC Source VBI: configured VBI line

CC Source udp/serial-1: default udp port/serial port 1

HD-SDI CC is taken from:

CC Source VANC: DID/SDID 0x61/0x01

Same sources as SD-SDI

WSS directs the encoder to extract Wide Screen Signaling (WSS) from the specified VBI line, as defined by ETSI standard EN 300 294. The WSS data is transmitted in the MPEG stream according to ETSC EN 301 775. For standard video signals, WSS appears on field 1, line 23. Use of this function value on other lines is discouraged.

If WSS is successfully extracted from field 1, line 23, and the program's SI-PSI mode is other than MPEG, and the video aspect ratio is either auto-4x3 or auto-16x9, then bits b0, b1, and b2 of data group 1 will be used to set the aspect ratio and Active Format Description (AFD) of the video in the MPEG stream. This information can be used by a decoder to insert video index information in the output signal.

AMOL-48, AMOL-96 specifies the selected line should carry an Automated Measurement of Lineups (AMOL waveform), as specified by ANSI/CEA-2020, Other VBI Waveforms, December 2007. The encoder extracts the AMOL data from this line (typically line 20 or 22) of the input video, decodes the information according to ANSI/CEA-2020, and then transmits it through the MPEG stream, according to SCTE 127 (an extension to ETSI EN 300 472).

The two values specify 48 bits/line and 96 bits/line, using a waveform appropriate for the indicated bit coding. The values can be combined on different lines and/or fields.

VPS (Video Program System) directs the encoder to extract Video Program System data packets, as specified in ETSI ETS 300 231, section 8.2.2. Each line carries 13 bytes of data following the run-in and start code (which are not transmitted).

Inverted Teletext makes it possible for teletext data to be transcoded with an inverted framing code as specified in ETSI EN301 775. Inverted Teletext operates identically to the WST setting but also recognizes and transmits teletext lines with an inverted framing code (0xB8 instead of 0x47).

DVITC (Legacy) directs the encoder to extract digital vertical interval time code from the specified VBI lines. The time codes are transmitted in the MPEG stream according to a private extension to the ETSI EN 301 775 standard that is recognized by some legacy decoders.


73

Closed CaptionAlthough North America has dedicated standards for closed captioning of video (EIA-608 and 708), many countries in Europe and elsewhere have not yet adopted formal standards. For these countries, closed captioning is part of the DVB Teletext System as described in ITU-R BT-653-3. These specifications define all Teletext Systems (A, B, C, and D) used in the world and are also known as the World System Teletext (WST). A Teletext system is made of several pages of various data information and CC data is described in one these pages. System B is used in Australia, the UK, and Germany, among other countries.

Australian closed captions are inserted on line 21/334 in analog PAL broadcast signals, as per the ITU-R BT-653-3. When analog PAL is produced or converted to SDTV (625 digital), a digitized version of the closed captioning appears on line 21/334 (in the same way line 21 on NTSC signals is digitized and appears on the line 21 of SD-SDI signals). The ITU-R BT-653-3 document proposed by Free TV Australia indicates how to carry this CC data into the VANC area of SD-and HD-SDI signals by use of the SMPTE 334M VANC embedding protocol. For digital broadcasting, Australia intends to use the ETSI EN 300 472 standard that specifies the conveyance of ITU-R System B Teletext in DVB bit streams.

Depending on the closed caption source, some encoders can alternatively receive closed captions over Ethernet. Only one source is active per encoder. If the encoder is not configured to use VBI lines as the closed caption source (the CC source is not VBI), it discards the data for VBI lines configured with the Closed Caption function. Additionally, setting the CC source to UDP overrides the line 21 function in both fields, using the same processing as None, regardless of the actual configured value.

CC Services (Table)The configured closed captioning information is presented in the form of a table of 16 CC services. For each service, the following selections must be made:

Enabled or disabled function

Type 608 or 708

Service number (a value of 0 should be used when 608 service is selected)

Language

Easyreader (Off or On; applies to 708 service only)

Aspect ratio (options are 4:3 and 16:9; applies to 708 service only)

These settings generate a closed caption service descriptor to be associated with the video PID in the PMT. The descriptor’s use depends on the option selected in the Service Info Insert parameter.

Instead of using the CC Services table, you can also specify the descriptor using a hex string in the CC Service Descriptor. If a non-null hexadecimal string is specified for this parameter, it is used as-is, with no checking.

SourceThis parameter selects a captioning source and disables processing of the others.

None disables all closed captioning.

The UDP option accepts CC data for both HD- and SD-SDI video. This option is most commonly used with a serial-to-UDP conversion device (such as a Lantronix MSS-100) to receive serial characters and to re-transmit them over Ethernet. When using this arrangement, the controller monitors a specified UDP port for incoming characters and


74

sends any characters it receives over the system backplane to the appropriate encoder. Source data can be sent via the control Ethernet to the encoder by UDP Port 65200 + Encoder_ Slot_ Number.

VANC extracts closed captioning from ancillary packets (typically in an HD-SDI signal).

VBI extracts closed captioning from an SD-SDI signal. This value directs the encoder to extract 608 closed captions from VBI lines of the video (line 21 for NTSC). The VBI function must be set accordingly.

Serial-1 receives CC data from the module’s GPI/Serial port for both HD- and SD-SDI.

TransThe Trans parameter sets the translation behavior for the different sources types. The encoder can receive either 608 or 708 closed captioning.

Always enables 608-to-708 translation. Any incoming 708 captions are discarded, and translated 608 captions are used instead.

As-needed enables 608-to-708 translation. If the input carries 708 captions, they are used to provide captions downstream. If, however, the input does not carry 708 captions, incoming 608 captions are translated and used to supply 708 captions.

None disables 608-to-708 translation; incoming 608 and/or 708 captions (if present) are preserved.

Service Info InsertThis parameter sets the closed caption service descriptor insertion behavior. Three options are available.

When the parameter is set to None, the manual insertion mode is turned off and the if no incoming CC service info is present in the VANC input, the default CC service descriptor (advertising a single 708 and single 608 service) is inserted into the stream when the caption source is VANC.

When the insertion mode is As-Needed, the manual insertion mode is invoked if no incoming CC service info is present in the VANC input, or if the closed captioning is unavailable for more than 10 seconds. If the incoming CC service info is present, it is output in the CC service descriptor instead of the configured CC service information.

When the insertion option is Always, the manual insertion mode overrides any incoming CC service info in the VANC input.

CC Services DescriptorThis parameter provides a field to enter a hex string descriptor.

AFD

AFD DefaultThis parameter sets the default Active Format Description (AFD).


75

As described by the aspect ratio, a transport stream can carry information describing the source and the display aspect ratios. When the encoder inserts an AFD without information from the input signal, this value provides the active format to use. See ETSI TR 101 154 V1.4.1 (2000-07), Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Implementation guidelines for the use of MPEG-2 Systems; Video and Audio in satellite, cable and terrestrial broadcasting applications.

The following options (except for None) are from Annex B of that specification:

None explicitly indicates not to insert AFD, unless the input stream already carries aspect ratio information.

AFD-0 to AFD-1 Reserved

AFD-2 box 16:9 (top)

AFD-3 box 14:9 (top)

AFD-4 box > 16:9 (center)

AFD-5 to AFD-7 Reserved

AFD-8 Active format is the same as the coded frame

AFD-9 4:3 (center)

AFD-10 16:9 (center)

AFD-11 14:9 (center)

AFD-12 Reserved

AFD-13 4:3 (with shoot & protect 14:9 center)



Drop explicitly indicates to drop AFD, even if the input stream carries aspect ratio information. This, however, does not impact the VANC DID filter setting.

BBC-b6 sets bit 6 of the AFD octet 1: bit B6

The following table clarifies the basis of the AFD values:

Note: The order in which AFD data is searched in the source is: VANC, Video Index and WSS.

KLV

KLV SourceThe KLV Source options are VANC and ESD From Captions.

Table 30. AFD Values

Aspect Ratio Source Indication AFD Behavior

4:3 N/A AFD Default

16:9 N/A AFD Default

Auto-4:3 VANC, VI, WSS AFD Source

Not Present AFD Default

Auto-16:9 VANC, VI, WSS AFD Source

Not Present AFD Default


76

If you set the KLV Rate to a non-zero value, and KLV Source to VANC, the Selenio encoders extract KLV data that is present in the VANC data (as defined in SMPTE RP 214). This data is then re-formatted according to SMPTE RP 217 for insertion into the MPEG stream.

If the input data rate exceeds the configured rate (using a reasonable leaky bucket model), full KLV structures are dropped; the number of KLV drops is measured in the Data Services > Status > KLV Drop parameter. These dropped KLV structures could be due to parity or checksum errors on the incoming VANC data for the VANC case. These events trigger the KLV Data Discarded error.

When the input video is standard definition, the KLV source parameter can select ESD From Captions. In this mode, the KLV Rate parameter is ignored and is automatically set to the fixed rate required for transmitting the KLV metadata resulting from the ESD- to- KLV conversion process.

A common use for KLV data is to convey meta-data from predator drones and similar sources. These sensors provide metadata such as latitude and longitude as a stream of 608 caption data on line 21 of standard definition fields.

If displayed on a closed caption enabled TV set, the metadata is readable as an overlay on the screen.

This feature (ESD from captions) extracts closed caption T1 608 service data, converts it to KLV format according to MISB document EG 104.5, and then inserts it into the MPEG stream.

KLV RateThe KLV Rate in the Status section reflects the data rate that must be configured in order to not drop any data, even if data is currently being dropped.

SubtitlesThe Source parameter selects either None, or UDP. The Subtitle Rate sets the maximum transport stream rate, from 0 to 2.000000 Mbits/sec. The Subtitle Rate is reserved in the transport stream for subtitle data. If you set this rate too low, glitches will appear in the subtitles; setting the rate too high degrades picture quality.

To use the Subtitles feature in the Selenio 1DEC1 decoder, you must install the 3.0 decoder firmware. The Subtitles feature in the Selenio encoder and decoder enables the transcoding of original content that contains subtitles. Since there is no standard for passing subtitle data in the baseband video as either VBI or VANC, this feature makes it possible to carry subtitle data from the decoder to the encoder over UDP/IP. The decoder extracts the subtitle PES stream from the transport and then sends it over IP to the configured encoder for reinsertion in the re-encoded video.

VBI over VANC

Format The Format parameter selects the format to be used for the VANC over VBI.


77

SMPTE 2031In addition to creating a VBI PES (ETSI EN 301 775 or SCTE-127), this VBI data stream is identified in the PMT of the PSI for this service. The information to construct this entry is taken from Data > VBI > Field x Line y (page 71), where you must select the field/line and service present on the SMPTE 2031 VANC packets. If these two parts do not match, an alarm is triggered: SMPTE 2031 VBI configuration and data mismatch.

If you select SMPTE 2031 in the Format parameter, the Rate field appears. In SMPTE-2031 mode, the encoder can transfer twelve different VBI formats over VANC data packets on HD-SDI or 3G-SDI inputs. This data is intended to be inserted into the output multiplex in the ETSI EN 301 775/SCTE-127 format. All SMPTE-2031 ANC packets associated with a video frame are extracted, and the encoder creates a valid EN 301 775/SCTE-127 PES packet, with a PTS matching that of the video frame. This is segmented into transport stream packets, delayed as necessary and multiplexed into the stream. If the number of packets generated exceeds the configured bandwidth, data is not multiplexed in the stream. Instead, an alarm is generated and a Dropped Frames parameter is incremented.

If you select OP-47, the OP-47 and Teletext fields are enabled. VBI Teletext can be carried on ETSI 300 472, ETSI EN 301 775, or both. OP-47 is carried on ETSI EN 300 472 only. If the teletext mode is ETSI EN 300 472, then in addition, any teletext data is sent on a separate PID in the ETSI EN 300 472 format.

When using OP-47 or Teletext, ensure that you set up the teletext descriptor provisioning under the TS Mux > SI Parameters to reflect their teletext services. Some set-top boxes and IRDs require the teletext descriptor to be present in order to interpret the teletext data in the stream, and to reinsert the teletext into the VBI lines.

When the format is set to None (the default), both the Rate and the OP-47 Lines are hidden. When OP-47 is selected, the Rate is hidden, and the OP-47 Lines can be set. If you select SMPTE-2031, the OP-47 Lines parameter is hidden and the Rate can be set. The rate (or computed rate from OP-47 lines) needs to be factored into the rate calculation to deriving video rate. The OP-47 PID should be used for SMPTE-2031 output as the two modes are mutually exclusive. Ancillary packets will be examined for a DID of 0x41 and SDID of 0x08. Such packets contain SMPTE-2031 data and these packets will be decoded and encapsulated into PES packets with the payload matching the format expected in ETSI EN 301 775. Data exceeding the provisioned rate will be dropped and the Dropped Frames parameter will be incremented to indicate the dropped data.

Teletext Mode Teletext Mode sets the encoding for Teletext data (SD WST). Options are Dual (default), ETSI EN 300 472, and ETSI EN 301 775 (for SMPTE 2031).

In SD-SDI video, teletext data is sent on the specified standard, or both of them. OP-47 encodes teletext data on ETSI EN 300 472, but the Teletext Mode parameter does not have any effect on OP-47.

OP 47 LinesUse this parameter to set the maximum number of OP-47 teletext lines per frame to process. A value of 0 disables OP-47 teletext processing. When you select lines 1 to 34, the encoder allocates sufficient bandwidth to carry the specified number of lines. The encoder discards excess data as necessary to avoid overrunning the configured maximum teletext lines per video frame.


78

When computing the transport stream bandwidth associated with OP-47 subtitling, the data are packaged similar to VBI function World System Teletext using EN-300-472. OP-47 processing always uses the EN-300-472 transmission format, regardless of the VBI teletext mode. The presence of OP-47 lines can insert a VBI teletext descriptor into the transport stream.

Teletext from VANC data can be carried in two separate ways in the transport stream. Both methods extract VANC data from DID and SDID (0x43, 0x02) for subtitling distribution packets or from (0x43, 0x03) for VANC multipackets:

If the OP-47 line count is configured to a non-zero value, any teletext lines are carried in their own packetized elementary stream (this includes both subtitling distribution packets and multipackets carrying teletext subtitling).

VANC service can be defined to filter on the DID and SDID, which would extract the subtitling, combine it with other VANC services, and carry the aggregate VANC services in the stream. This aggregate data stream's rate is controlled by the VANC rate.

Either or both methods can be used to extract OP-47 subtitling, resulting in zero, one, or two copies of the subtitling in the transport stream.

The configured subtitling line count applies to one video frame. Data are extracted from the input and copied to the output, up to the limit of the current frame. Any additional subtitling lines are dropped (and counted explicitly as dropped OP-47 lines), triggering the OP-47 Data exceeds lines/frame allocation alarm. Subtitling packets dropped as part of VANC service processing are counted as general VANC dropped packets, not specifically as dropped OP-47 lines.

Note: OP-47 is described in: “Free TV Australia Operational Practice OP-47, Storage and Distribution of Teletext Subtitles and VBI Data for High Definition Television”, Issue 3, April 2007.

SMPTE 2031 RateThe SMPTE 2031 Rate parameter sets the maximum TS rate dedicated to SMPTE-2031 data, between 0 and 2 Mbits/sec.

VBI over VANC StatusThese read-only parameters show the peak SMPTE 2031 Rate and the SMPTE Drop (number of dropped SMPTE 2031 packets).

SpliceThe Splice parameters make it possible to force an I-Frame coincident with a splice point marker. In this way, you can assemble programs or insert advertisements into a compressed stream. Splice points can be marked in an MPEG-2 transport stream using a protocol described in SCTE-35. In addition, there is a protocol for the communication between an Automation System and MPEG encoder defined in SCTE-104. This protocol can be carried over an IP connection or embedded with a digital video signal as described in SMPTE 2010-2008.

SCTE has developed a standard for indicating the position and unique identification of splicing points in an MPEG-2 transport stream in SCTE-35. Insertion of these splice point markers can be signaled to the Selenio encoders in three ways:


79

Through a simple GPI trigger

Through SCTE-104 signaling over Ethernet

Through SCTE-104 in VANC as defined by SMPTE 2010-2008

Force I-Frame options include Off, Out of Network, In to Network and Both. This selection can cause the encoded bitstream to use an I-Frame for the frame indicated as a splice point. If the selection (In to Network, Out of Network or Both) matches the splice point type, an I-Frame is forced. This is supported in both MPEG-2 and H.264 standards on the ENC-1.

Preroll

The Preroll parameter sets the delay between a splice point trigger and its insertion. This value tells the encoder how long to wait between a splice point trigger and the insertion of the associated In Point or Out Point. SCTE 35-2004 recommends at least a four-second interval between the first cueing message and the arrival of the associated In or Out Point.

If you insert a value of 0, the encoder inserts a splice point immediately.

A value between 0.001 and 10.000 causes the encoder to insert a splice point following this specified period of delay. This value specifies the time between the first cueing message and the arrival of the associated In or Out Point. SCTE 35-2004 recommends a minimum delay of four seconds, but the system allows a smaller interval.

GPI ModeThe GPI Mode sets the splice point behavior for GPI triggers. When a program's Trigger value is set to any value between GPI-1 through GPI-4, this parameter specifies the correspondence between In Point and Out Point with the GPI condition.

Close-In generates a mark-in when the GPI closes, and no action when the GPI opens.

Close-In-Out (default setting) generates a mark-in when the GPI closes and mark-out when the GPI opens

Close-out generates a mark-out when the GPI closes, and no action when the GPI opens.

Open-In generates a mark-in when the GPI opens, and no action when the GPI closes.

Open-In-Out generates a mark-in when the GPI opens and a mark-out when the GPI closes.

Open-Out generates a mark-out when the GPI opens, and no action when the GPI closes.

Splice TriggerThe Splice Trigger sets the stimulus for insertion of SCTE-35 splice points. The options are:

None

GPI -1 to GPI- 4

IP

VANC


80

When the Splice Trigger parameter is set to one of GPI-1 through GPI-4, simple control of splice points is provided, based on the selected GPI status. The GPI Mode parameter described above determines which events generate splice points, while the Preroll parameter described above determines their timing. The function of the selected GPI (see the Control > GPI > GPI Input x > GPI x Function parameter) must be set to Splice to complete this set-up. In this mode, when the selected trigger changes state, a splice point is indicated in the stream on the frame input to the encoder nearest the point of the trigger plus the Preroll parameter. A splice info section is sent immediately upon the trigger event and repeated once every second up until 1/2 second before the pre-roll time (indicated by the Preroll parameter) expires. If the Splice Preroll parameter is set to 0, a single spice info section shall be sent with the splice_immediate flag set.

When you set the Splice Trigger parameter to IP, the encoder receives SCTE-104 messages from an external Automation System sent via a TCP/IP connection to port 653xx of the control Ethernet, where xx is the slot number containing the encoder. When the Splice Trigger parameter instead, is set to VANC, the encoder receives SCTE-104 messages inserted into VANC packets by an external Automation System. In both cases, the encoder supports all basic requests and simple profile, normal usage operations sent by Automation to the Injector.

Ext DataThese parameters set the Source and Rate. If the data source is UDP, the UDP port where data is received is 65400 + Encoder_Slot_Number at the Selenio shelf's control Ethernet port IP address.

Transport Stream Mux

SI ModeThis parameter sets the SI-PSI mode for the MPEG transport stream. The selection chosen affects the rates at which critical MPEG tables are transmitted, and possibly the overall transport stream rate. Options are: MPEG (default), DVB, ATSC, and ISDB.

Name and TagUse the Name parameter to set the MPEG name of the module; default is Enc. The Tag provides the internal name associated with the service. Default is Enc.

Total TS RateThe total transport stream rate includes video, audio and data services.

PIP (SEL-1ENC1)This parameter enables or disables the PIP controls found under Video > PIP.


81

MPEG Parameters (Main Program)In most situations, the default settings of these parameters will be appropriate. The following parameters are included:

Transport Stream ID

Network ID

Program Number

PMT PID

PCR PID (ENC1 only)

Video PID

Audio 1 to Audio 8 PID

VBI PID

Teletext PID

VANC PID

KLV PID

Data PID

Splice PID

ISDB CC PID

Subtitle 1 to 4 PID

MPEG Parameters (PIP Program; SEL-1ENC1)In most situations, the default settings of these parameters will be appropriate. The following parameters are included:

Transport Stream ID

Program Number

PMT PID

PCR PID

Video PID

Audio 1 to 8 PID

ISDB CC PID

SI Parameters

Service Provider Name Enter your service provider name in this field. The default is Imagine Communications.

Parental Rating In ISDB mode, this value specifies a parental rating for the program. A value of 0 means the descriptor is not inserted. The range is 0 to 127, with a default of 0.


82

Service TypeThis field sets the Service Type (from 0 to 127) for the program.

Country Insert your three-character country code, using the ISO 3166-1 descriptors. Default is USA.

Language Use this field to set the default language code for names and captions. Default is Eng.

TTX Desc x Language, Type, Magazine Number, and Page NumberUse these fields for the 16 groups of teletext settings. This information is put into the teletext descriptor to be included in the PMT.

TTX Desc x Language sets the default teletext language code for names and captions. Default is Eng.

The TTX Desc x Type sets the descriptor type (from 0 to 31; default is 0).

TTX Desc x Magazine Number sets the teletext magazine number (from 1 to 8; default is 1).

TTX Desc x Page Number sets the teletext page number (from 0 to 255; default is 0).

ASI OutputThe Program parameter controls the ASI output of the encoder module. Options are Main, None, and PIP. (The PIP option is not available on the SEL-1ENC2.)

ASI StatusThe following read-only parameters are included:

Rate

Video TS Rate

Audio TS Rate

TS Packets

Video TS Packets

Audio TS Packets

Video FIFO Overflow

Audio FIFO Overflow

BISS

Encryption ModeThis parameter controls the BISS encryption mode for the program.


83

BISS scrambling is a fixed key encryption system used for video contribution, usually over satellite links. It uses the same DVB common scrambling algorithm found in consumer delivery systems, but does not specify a method of distributing keys. (For details, see EBU Technical Specification Tech 3292 (rev. 2, August 2002), BISS-E, Basic Interoperable Scrambling System with Encrypted Keys).

The Encryption Mode options are None, BISS, and BISS-E. When the None option is selected, no scrambling is performed and no CA descriptor is sent.

If you select BISS, all PIDs except those carrying SI/PSI data are encrypted using the values set in the Clear Session Word field. In this mode, a CA descriptor is sent in the PMT and an empty CAT table is sent.

When BISS-E is selected, the encryption includes an injected ID value programmed by the Administrator. The user at the decoder side must enter an Encrypted Session Word and an Injected Identifier that will only work with that pre-programmed session ID. This prevents users with the same decoder model from sharing session words without the permission of the Administrator. Additionally, encrypted session words can be computed on the encoder for testing purposes or in cases where there are only a small number of decoders.

Clear Session WordThis parameter provides a field to enter a BISS Session Word as a 12-digit hexadecimal string.

Injected IdentifierThis control sets a BISS Injected ID for the Program, using a 14 digit hexadecimal string.

Encrypted Session Word This read-only parameter shows the 16-digit hexadecimal BISS Encrypted Session Word for the Program.


84

IP EncapsulationThese parameters set the destination and format for the encoder generated transport stream(s) when transmitted over IP data network as described on page 14 through page 21. Transmission of a transport stream over the IP data network is enabled when the associated Primary IP Address and Primary Port parameters are set to non-zero values. As noted on page 20, setting a destination address in the range 224.0.0.0 through 239.255.255.255 enables multicast transmission of the transport stream. An additional requirement to enable transmission is to provide an IP address for the encoder on the data network in the control section (see page 88)

Main Program IPThe following parameters are included:

Primary and Secondary IP Address (sets the IP address for this external destination)

Primary and Secondary Port (sets the UDP port)

IP Encapsulation (TS on UDP, TS on RTP, RTP-RTCP*)

Transmit Interface (sets either the Active Controller or Both controllers)

TS Packets per IP (1 to 7)

Type of Service (0 to 255; inserts the TOS bit)

The following appear when IP Encapsulation is set to TS on RTP:

FEC (sets the forward error correction to None, Low, Medium, or Custom)

Row FEC (when disabled, only Column FEC is used)

FEC Order (4 to 20)

FEC Period (1 to 20)

*The RTP-RTCP option is only available when the SI Mode is set to ATSC and is meant for MH (mobile handheld) coding on the ENC1 module.

Main Program IP StatusThe following read-only parameters are included:

TS Packets

Primary and Secondary IP Failure

Primary and Secondary IP Packets

Primary and Secondary IP TX Rate

Output Thread Restarts

ATSC MH IP (SEL-1ENC1)The ATSC MH IP parameters form part of the configuration steps required to enable ATSC mobile handheld transmission. For the complete configuration procedure, see page 91.

The IPSec Encryption parameter provides the option of using Fixed Key or Simulcrypt encryption. Insert a value in the Primary/Secondary ECM Server IP Addresses and the Primary/Secondary ECM Server Ports to communicate with the Simulcrypt conditional access ECM generators.


85

The value you insert in the CA System ID field is assigned to the conditional access ECM generator. The value set in the Crypto Period specifies the crypto period for MH service in seconds. SDP File is a read-only URL path for the location of the SDP file.

PIP Program IP (SEL-1ENC1)Use the Primary and Secondary IP Address fields to set the IP addresses for the external destination. The Primary and Secondary Ports fields set the UDP port for this destination.

The IP Encapsulation can be set to either TS on UDP (default), TS on RTP, or RTP-RTCP. (The RTP-RTCP option is only available when the SI Mode is set to ATSC and is meant for MH (mobile handheld) coding.)

The FEC parameter sets the forward error correction settings to None, Low, Medium, High, and Custom. (FEC settings only take effect when you set IP Encapsulation to TS on RTP.) Row FEC enables or disables the additional row FEC capability.

PIP Program IP Status (ENC1 Only)The following read-only parameters are included:

TS Packets

Primary and Secondary IP Failure

Primary and Secondary IP Packets

Primary and Secondary IP TX Rate

Miscellaneous

General

Name The unique Name for the module can be entered here.

Clear Status

When pressed, the Clear Status button clears all of the status parameters in the encoder module. The process takes approximately five seconds. The Clear Status button at Video Input > Status performs the same function.

5.1 Ch Dolby Digital Plus Professional EncoderThis read-only parameter shows the version of the Dolby library used to implement the Dolby Digital Plus encoding modes.


86

Service Fault Alarm PriorityIf a service fault alarm is triggered, the controller switches the service from the affected module to a connection from another module providing a backup connection. An encoder alarm with priority greater than or equal to the Service Fault Alarm Priority numerical value will result in a connection failover alarm on the Frame Controller and a corresponding service failover.

This parameter can be set to numerical values 1 through 10 or to the special value None (which will disable service fault detection on this encoder). Setting this parameter to 1 will result in service fault handling for any alarm raised by the encoder. Setting it to 6 will result in service fault handling for any major alarm raised by the encoder

Module Fault Alarm PriorityModule Faults cause the frame to take recovery actions according to the Module Fail Action on the controller Redundancy page. The Module Fault Alarm Priority sets the priority of encoder module alarms on a scale of 1 to 10 (default is None).

Using this parameter, any enabled alarm (with a priority above or equal to the setting) triggers a text string indicating the alarm source. The module also signals the controller that the module has failed and a backup module is activated, if available.

See page 122 for a list of the encoder alarms.

Parameter Control ScriptThis feature adds the ability for the user to define custom scripts where combinations of configuration and status parameters can be used to control other sets of parameters. The custom scripts are four-string parameters (Script (Part I to IV)), an Activate Script parameter, and a Script Status parameter.

The Selenio encoder make it possible for you to write user scripts for custom signal flow management, so that you can dynamically change selected parameters when a signal flow changes. This addresses the need for managing input video and audio signals that constantly change. In a typical scenario, a preset is recalled by an operator, or the operator determines what is at the input and then sets up the device to process the video and audio essence, data and metadata. This is known as “user-scripted signal flow management” or a “rules engine.”

To enable a parameter control script, set the Activate Script parameter to Enable. Enter your script into the Script (Part I) parameter (maximum 251 characters). If additional script space is needed, use the Script (Part II to IV) parameters.

Script Status [RO] reports the parsing and active status of the script. If a syntax error is detected when a new script is entered, this parameter will report an Error: x message (x is an index number starting from the beginning of the script to indicate around which character the script parser first encounters a syntax error).

Writing the Parameter Control ScriptParameter control scripts are made up of one or multiple statements. Each statement consists of one condition and one or multiple assignments. During device operation, if the condition in a statement becomes true, the assignment in the statement will take effect.


87

<script> ::= <statement> { <statement> }

<statement> ::= IF <condition> THEN <assignment> { <assignment> }

<condition> ::= <comparison> { <logic op> <comparison> }

<comparison> ::= PARAM[x] <comparison op> y

Where x is the CCSP ID of a device parameter, y is a value for that parameter. The device parameter could be one of three types: integer, enum, string. Depending on the parameter type, y could take different format:

Integer: y is integer value of the parameter

Enum: y is the enum value index inside the enum

String: y is in a 'zzzz' string format, where z is a character. Special character '*' can be used as wild card. 'AA*' and 'AABB' will be considered as equal

<comparison op> ::= == | > | < | >= | <= | !=

For string type of parameter, only == and != operators are supported.

<assignment> ::= PARAM[x] = y

Where x is the CCSP ID of a device parameter, y is a value for that parameter. For now, we only support integer and enum type of parameter's assignment, not string type.

<logic op> ::= && | ||

Comparisons can be ANDed together using &&, and then can be ORed together using ||. The AND operation always has precedence over the OR operation when AND and OR both exist in a condition.

The following script condition

PARAM[400]==5 || PARAM[400]==3 || PARAM[400] >= 8 && PARAM[400] <= 12

should be interpreted as

PARAM[400]==5 || PARAM[400]==3 || (PARAM[400] >= 8 && PARAM[400] <= 12)

Script example:

IF PARAM[754]==2 THEN PARAM[755]=2



IF PARAM[754]<2 || PARAM[754] > 3 && PARAM[754]<7 THEN PARAM[755]=19

IF PARAM[733]=='AAAA AAAA AAAA AAAA' THEN PARAM[26]=4

Note: The IDs of the parameters are available in a file that can be downloaded from the module. The URLs for the file are as follows:

ENC1: http://<IP address>/slot<slot#>/flx-enc-distribution.html

ENC2: http://<IP address>/slot<slot#>/flx-enc-contribution.html


88

Control

IP LANs

Time to LiveThe Time to Live for IP packets have a range 0 to 255, with a default of 16.

Primary and Secondary Data IP LANThese parameters configure encoder access to the data Ethernet port of the Primary and Secondary controller respectively. The IP Address, IP Mask, IP Gateway, and VLAN ID values must be obtained from your network administrator. An IP Address of 0.0.0.0 will disable access to the corresponding data Ethernet port by this encoder. If both are active, the two ports must be connected to separate subnets.

MAC Address and Tx Packets are read-only parameters.

GPIx

GPI x FunctionValid options are None, Splice, and Custom Script. The Custom Script option marks the GPI as being used in a user specified custom script.

GPI x StateThis status value indicates if the corresponding General Purpose Input is connected to an Open and Closed external circuit.

Custom GPIThe Custom GPI feature on the Selenio Encoder makes it possible to use more flexible scripts to configure GPIs so that combinations of GPI input levels can change a parameter to a specific value. To enable a custom GPI script, set the Event parameter to Custom GPI for the selected GPI input. Then enter your script into the Custom Input Script field. The parameter allows a maximum of 251 characters to be entered. If additional script space is needed, use the Custom Input Script(continued) parameter. Custom Input Status reports the parsing and active status of the script. If a syntax error is detected when a new script is entered, this parameter will report Error: x message. The variable x is an index number starting from the beginning of the script to indicate around which character the script parser first encounters a syntax error.

Note: When the Custom GPI input script involves multiple GPI inputs, all of these values must be changed at the same time to ensure the script behaves as intended.


89

Writing Custom GPI Scripts GPI scripts are made up of one or multiple statements. Each statement consists of one condition and one or multiple assignments. During device operation, if the condition in a statement becomes true, the assignment in the statement will take effect.

<script> ::= <statement> { <statement> }

<statement> ::= IF <condition> THEN <assignment> { <assignment> }

<condition> ::= <comparison> { <logic op> <comparison> }

<comparison> ::= GPIx <comparison op> y

Where x is in the range of [1, number of GPI inputs], y could be 0 (for open) or 1 (for closed)

<assignment> ::= PARAM[x] = y

Where x is the CCSP ID of a device parameter, y is a value for that parameter. At this time, only integer and enum type of parameter assignments are supported. String type parameter assignment is not supported.

<comparison op> ::= == | > | < | >= | <= | !=

<logic op> ::= && | ||

Comparisons can be ANDed together using &&, and then can be ORed together using ||. The AND operation always has precedence over the OR operation when AND and OR both exist in a condition.

The following GPI output script condition

PARAM[400]==5 || PARAM[400]==3 || PARAM[400] >= 8 && PARAM[400] <= 12

should be interpreted as

PARAM[400]==5 || PARAM[400]==3 || (PARAM[400] >= 8 && PARAM[400] <= 12)

GPI Input Script ExamplesIF GPI1==0 && GPI2==0 THEN PARAM[755]=2

IF GPI1==0 && GPI2==1 THEN PARAM[755]=3



In the above example, if the level of GPI input 0 and GPI input 1 match an entry in the following table, the parameter with 755 as its ID will be assigned to the corresponding value:

Table 31. Assigned Parameter Values

GPI Input 1 GPI Input 2Value of Parameter with ID of 755

Low Low 2

Low High 3

High Low 10

High High 19


90

Note: The IDs of the parameters can be found in a file that can be downloaded from the module. The URLs for the file are as follows:

ENC1: http://<IP address>/slot<slot#>/flx-enc-distribution.html

ENC2: http://<IP address>/slot<slot#>/flx-enc-contribution.html

Serial Serial 1 and 2, include options for Baud Rate (9,600, 19,200, 38,400, 57600, and 115,200) and Serial Type Select (RS-232 and 422). The serial ports are always configured with no parity bit, 8-bit data, and 1-stop bit.


91

Procedures (ENC1 Only)For detailed ATSC configuration information, see the document ATSC Solutions with Selenio, available on the Imagine Communications website and on the Infrastructure and Networking Documentation and Product Resources DVD.

If you are using simultaneous Main and PIP encoding for ATSC or ISDB, see the additional instructions on page 112.

ATSC Mobile HandheldThe following setup instructions for ATSC MH assume that you already have a working ATSC stream.

Figure 26 illustrates typical components of a setup required to test an ATSC mobile handheld configuration. You will need to make modifications to the devices of other manufacturers in addition to parameter settings on the Selenio SEL-1ENC1.

Figure 26. ATSC-MH Overview of Typical Components

Nagra Settings (CA Server)The Nagravision server acts as an ECM server that updates the Selenio encoder with the current SPI and ECM key for encryption.The Nagravision server must be on the same subnet as the data port of the Selenio encoder. Consult your Nagra instruction manual for information on how to set up the CA server, and configure the device to work with Selenio.

Roundbox SettingsThe round box server provides program information over IP into the MNA. The data port of the Roundbox must be able to send packets over to the MNA port over IP. Consult your Roundbox instruction manual for information on how to set programs and parameters for this application.


92

Encoder Video SettingsThe SEL-1ENC1 encoder must be configured to output RTP-RTCP packets. Follow these steps:

1 Under Video > Input, set the Source Format to 525i, 720p59, or 1080i59.

2 Set the Resolution to 416x240 (Figure 27).

Figure 27. Resolution Setting

3 Under Video > Compression > Coding Profile, select h264-baseline (see Figure 28).


93

Figure 28. Coding Profile Setting

Encoder Audio Settings1 Select a format between AAC-HE-24k and AAC-HE-48k, and select an audio Source (see

Figure 29)

2 Under Audio > Audio 1 > Mode, select Parametric Stereo (only AAC-HE v2 is currently supported).


94

Figure 29. Audio Settings

3 In Audio 1 > AAC, set PS Signaling to Explicit, SBR Signaling to Explicit-Hier, and Transport to LOAS (Figure 30).

Figure 30. AAC Settings

4 Set the Enable Output to Main or Pip as appropriate.


95

Encoder Transport Stream Mux Settings1 In TS Mux, set the SI Mode to ATSC, and the Total TS Rate to a value less than 0.6 Mb/s

(Figure 31).

Figure 31. SI Mode Setting

2 Use the ASI Status parameters to ensure the rates for each component are expected values (Figure 32).

Figure 32. ASI Status Parameters


96

Encoder IP Encapsulation Settings1 In IP Encapsulation > Main Program ID > IP Encapsulation, select RTP-RTCP; then

confirm the Primary IP Address and Primary Port.

Currently, the MH is available from one data port at a time. To test the failover feature, fill in the Secondary IP Destination field.

Figure 33. IP Destination Settings

2 As shown in Figure 34, set up a Primary and Secondary Data IP LAN, by filling in the IP Address and IP Mask.

3 Click the Apply button.

Figure 34. Data LAN Settings


97

4 Check the Main Program IP Status to ensure you have correct values for Primary and Secondary IP Tx Rate, and Primary and Secondary IP Packets (Figure 35).

Figure 35. IP Status

5 Confirm the SDP File path is correct (Figure 36).

Figure 36. SDP File Settings


98

6 Copy the path after the Selenio Frame's IP address. (See Figure 37.)

(For example, if the Selenio IP resides on 123.123.123.123 and the SDP file path is /slot4/Selenio.sdp, you should enter 123.123.123.123/slot4/Selenio.sdp in the browser's address bar to start the download.)

Figure 37. Saving the SDP File

7 Assuming the MH program is sending to a multicast group, connect a computer to the same port, open the .sdp file with the VLC player, and then verify the encoded stream.


99

ATSC MH IP Settings

Encryption Off Ensure there are no errors in the encoder alarms by following these steps:1

1 In IP Encapsulation > ATSC MH IP, select Off in the IPSec Encryption field.

Figure 38. IPSec Encryption Settings

2 In the encoder Faults page, enable all faults, and then confirm there are no errors in the fault list (Figure 39).

Figure 39. Faults Display

3 Verify that the MH application displays proper video and sound; look for video degradation and check for audio breakups.


100

Fixed Key1 In IP Encapsulation > ATSC MH IP > IPSec Encryption, select Fixed Key.

2 In the Fixed Key field, insert a 32-character hexadecimal key (such as 1a2a3a4a5a6a7a8a1a2a3a4a5a6a7a8a).

3 As shown in Figure 40, insert an 8-character hexadecimal key into the Fixed SPI field (such as 12345678).

Figure 40. Fixed Key Encryption Settings

4 Check for errors in the encoder alarms in the Faults screen (make sure all the faults are enabled, as in Figure 39).

5 Verify that the MH application no longer displays video and audio.

6 Check the output of the data port using Wireshark®, or telnet into the encoder as root and then type tcpdump -i eth2 for ESP packets (the SPI key should match the fixed SPI input on the GUI).

7 Input the fixed key into the Roundbox application and verify the video and audio can be decrypted.

Simulcrypt This step requires Roundbox, Nagra Server, and the new Roundbox MH application.

1 In IP Encapsulation > ATSC MH IP > IPSec Encryption, select Simulcrypt (Figure 41).

2 On the same page in the UI, input the Nagravision server IP into the Primary ECM Server IP Address field.

3 Set a port number in Primary ECM Server Port, select the Vendor, and set an ECM Stream ID.

4 Set any non-zero number for CA System ID and Sub Cas ID.

One or both of these numbers may be provided by the Nagra server.

5 Enter a valid Crypto Period.

6 Making sure all faults are enabled, check for errors in the encoder Faults screen.


101

Figure 41. Simulcrypt Settings

7 Verify the MH application no longer displays video and audio.

8 Check the output of the data port using Wireshark, or telnet into the encoder as root and then type tcpdump -i eth2 for ESP packets (the SPI key should be updating periodically).

9 Input the LTKM from the Nagravision server into the Roundbox application and verify the video and audio can be decrypted.

Synchrony MNA Overview and SettingsThe following settings must be configured on the MNA:

GPS feed

ATSC transport stream (ASI or SMPTE310)

Multicast IP traffic containing the MH program and Roundbox ESG

The MNA takes in all of this information, then combines the MH packets and the ATSC transport stream to form a new stream. This new stream is sent to the ATSC modulator to be broadcast over the air.

Consult your MNA instruction manual for parameter setting information.

M2X SettingsAfter the M2X is enabled for an ATSC-MH transport stream, it modulates the signal into RF for transmission. The M2X requires a reference input to lock to (GPS, 1PPs, 10MHz) and a valid transport stream (ASI or SMPTE 310). As an example, use a NetVX frame to generate a 17Mbps program; verify the MH program exists by looking at the status screen.

Consult your ATSC exciter manual for parameter setting information. Then connect all the equipment up as shown in Figure 26 to verify the video and audio plays properly on the MH receiver.


102

Selenio ISDB-Tb Settings (Fixed)Follow these steps when configuring for fixed ISDB-Tb using the Selenio 1ENC1:

1 Ensure the encoder has a valid video source (1080i, 720p, or 525i) at Video > Input > Source Format.

2 Select the full Resolution for the format, and select the correct ARC Control option.

Figure 42. Encoder Video Input

3 In Video > Compression > Coding Profile, select H264-High, and set the Film Detect parameter to Disable.

Figure 43. Encoder Video Compression


103

4 Set the Audio Format to AAC-LC at the correct bitrate, select the correct Mode, select the Source 1 feed (choose Source 1, Source 2, and Source 3 if the Mode is Multichannel), and then select any other options needed.

Figure 44. Encoder Audio Input Status

5 Set the Enable Output parameter to Main.

Figure 45. Enable Output Parameter Setting

6 In TS Mux > SI Mode, select ISDB; then set the total TS Rate to a value below the maximum rate for the Hierarchy (A, B, or C) being used (the maximum rate will vary depending on the number of segments used for the Hierarchy).

Figure 46. Encoder Transport Stream Mux


104

Selenio ISDB-Tb Settings (Mobile)When configuring for ISDB-Tb mobile, you will need to make settings in both the Selenio 1ENC1 module and the MDX1 module. Follow these steps:

Encoder Settings1 In Video > Input, ensure the encoder has a valid video source (525i, 720p, or 1080i).

2 Set the ARC Control, and then select the correct Resolution for ISDB-Tb (320x180 for 16:9 ARC Control or 320 x 240 for 4:3 ARC Control).

Figure 47. Encoder Video Input

3 In Video > Compression > Coding Profile, select h264-baseline, and in the Film Detect parameter, select Disable.

Figure 48. Encoder Video Compression

4 In Audio > Audio 1 to 8, select the correct Source option, and set the Mode to Parametric-Stereo.


105

5 Set the Audio Format to AAC-HE at a low rate (24k~40k), and set the Enable Output parameter to Main.

Figure 49. Encoder Audio Source

6 In TS Mux, set the SI Mode to ISDB, and the Total TS Rate below the maximum rate for the number of segments set on the Selenio mux module (for one segment the maximum rate is 0.44Mbps).

Figure 50. Encoder Transport Stream Mux


106

Mux/Demux Initial Settings1 Highlight a slot in the Selenio frame containing the Selenio MDX1 mux/demux module that

you intend to use for ISDB transport.

2 Select Function Map, and then click Show Table.

3 Set Function1 Type to Mux mode.

Figure 51. Multiplexer Function Map

4 In Multiplexer Functions, click Show Table, and then highlight the correct mux function before proceeding (if many mux functions are configured, all of them will appear in the Mux table view).

5 Enable the Mux Output and set the mux output transport stream format (SI Mode) to either ISDB-Tb or ISDB-Tb-SFN.

6 In Passthrough Mode, select Disable, and leave the output transport stream rate set at 0.

(When selecting the ISDB mode, the mux automatically sets the output rate to 29.95xxxM at 188 byte packets.)

7 Enable the Data Carousel and set its rate accordingly.

(Typically these rates are near the 1M rate or below, but can be set higher as needed.)

Mux/Demux Virtual Channel Settings1 Set up the Mux input channels (Virtual Channels) by clicking the New Channel button as

many times as needed, based on how many programs you intend to multiplex.

Note: For simplicity, the following instructions assume two programs are being multiplexed together: one fixed HD and one mobile SD.

2 Click on the Input Channels tab.

This displays the input channels created in the previous steps.


107

Figure 52. Multiplexer Functions (1)

3 Configure both input channels to program mode (select Function > Program), and set Source Type to CXN.

(CXN source mode assumes that there will be internal cross connects created between two encoders and two input channels.)

4 Set each of the input channel page program numbers (based on the program numbers desired) in the output transport stream.

5 Click the Back button to return to the main multiplexer configuration mode.

6 If you set the SI Mode to ISDB-Tb-SFN, click the ISDB-SFN-Transmitter button and then enable and configure the SFN configuration parameters accordingly (up to eight SFN transmitters may be allocated).

7 Click the Back button to return the main multiplexer configuration mode again, and then select General in the drop-down list.

8 Select DVB.

Figure 53. Multiplexer DVB Settings


108

9 Set the Network ID value as needed, and then select ISDBT from the drop-down list.

10 Configure all ISDB-T parameters accordingly (if only two input channels are being multiplexed together, any Segment or Hierarchy C parameters should be set to a value of 0, and the total of all Segment values must not exceed 13).

11 Select Conditional Access, and then enter the necessary IP Address and IP Mask values.

Figure 54. Multiplexer Conditional Access

Configuring ISDB-TB Pro SoftwareThe following steps involve configurations using ISDB-TB Pro software to create SI table generation for program scheduling. You can purchase this software from your sales representative (part number: HALRSW-EPG-ISDB-TB).

Note: ISDB-TB Pro software requires a Selenio MDX1 multiplexer with an “ERS” back module, containing an Internet port.

1 Launch the ISDB-TB Pro software, and then click the Advanced tab.

You will be setting up two services: fixed and mobile. The default password to enter is the number 1.

Figure 55. ISDB-TB Pro Software Advanced Tab

2 Click the Create button and set up the service parameters as required (see Figure 56 to Figure 58 as examples of basic fixed and mobile configurations).


109

Figure 56. Mobile and Fixed Services

Figure 57. Mobile Service


110

Figure 58. Fixed Service

3 Close the Service Creation window.

As shown below, the newly created services should not be visible.

Figure 59. Service Creation Window Closed

4 Click the Programming tab to create an electronic program guide as required.

5 Once the Electronic Program Guide (EPG), fixed service, and mobile service are configured, click the green Folder button to open the EPG Export menu.


111

Figure 60. EPG Export

6 In the NetVx IP Address field, enter the value found in the Selenio MDX CA IP Address, and then set the Mux Card Slot always to 1.

7 Set the Service Configuration options as needed.

When using a single input or VC on the Selenio MDX1, set the Destination Interface to mxifc1.

If two input programs are being set up as in the example above, you must set up the interfaces using mxifc1 and mxifc5 in the Destination Interface field. If a third input program is being used, set the Destination Interface field to mxifc6.

8 Confirm that an Ethernet connection is established between the ISDB-TB Pro software's PC and the CA Ethernet RJ-45 port on the MDX1 back module.

9 Click the Save Config & Export Carousel button.


112

Simultaneous Main and PIP Encoding Additional Procedure

Follow these additional steps when you need simultaneous Main and PIP encoding. You must purchase the SEL-SK-EN-ATSC-MBL or SEL-SK-EN-ISDB-MBL software model key to enable simultaneous Main and PIP encoding.

ATSC1 In Transport Stream Mux > General > SI Mode, select ATSC.

Figure 61. ATSC SI Mode

2 Configure the Main program as described in Selenio ISDB-Tb Settings (Fixed) on page 102, and then return to the mobile settings as described below.

Figure 62. ATSC Main Program Resolution

3 Configure the PIP program as a mobile program (where Audio x is any vacant video channel).

i. Set the Total TS Rate to be equal or less than 0.6 in Video Compression > PIP.

ii. Set the PIP Resolution to 416x240.


113

Figure 63. Total TS Rate and PIP Resolution

iii. Set Audio Compression x > General > Enable Output to PIP.

iv. Set the Mode to Parametric Stereo.

v. Set the Audio Format to a value between AAC-HE-24k and AAC-HE-48k.

Figure 64. PIP Output, Mode, and Audio Format

vi. Set the PS Signaling in Audio Compression x > AAC to Auto or Explicit.

vii. Set the SBR Signaling to Auto or Explicit-hier.

viii.Set the Transport to Auto or LOAS.


114

Figure 65. PS Signaling, SBR Signaling, and Transport

ix. In Transport Stream Mux, set PIP to On.

Figure 66. PIP in Transport Stream Mux

x. In IP Encapsulation > Pip Program IP, set the IP Encapsulation to RTP-RTCP.

xi. Set all IP addresses and ports in PIP Program IP.


115

Figure 67. PIP Program IP Settings and IP Encapsulation

ISDB1 In Transport Stream Mux > General > SI Mode, select ISDB.

Figure 68. ISDB SI Mode


116

2 Configure the Main program as described in Selenio ISDB-Tb Settings (Fixed) on page 102, and then return to the mobile settings as described below.

Figure 69. ISDB Main Program Resolution

3 Configure the PIP program as a mobile program.

i. Under the PIP menu, select resolution as 320x240 (for 4:3 ARC control) or 320x180 for 16:9 ARC Control.

ii. Set the PIP rate as the rate for mobile program: 0.44 Mbps for example. The profile for mobile program will automatically be set to h264-baseline.

Figure 70. PIP Resolution and TS Rate

iii. Set up the audio for mobile program by associating one audio channel with PIP by setting its Enable Output to PIP.

iv. Set audio format to AAC_HE mode to Parametric-Stereo for this audio channel.


117

Figure 71. Enabling PIP and Parametric Stereo

i. In Transport Stream Mux, set PIP to On.

Figure 72. PIP in Transport Stream Mux


118

Laser Safety for Fiber Optic Back ModulesWARNING! Use of controls, adjustments, and procedures other than those specified in this document may result in hazardous laser radiation exposure.

Optical fiber telecommunication systems use semiconductor laser transmitters that emit infrared light that is normally not visible to the human eye. Although a conventional laser produces a small beam of light, the power density is very high, and it can damage your eyes.

If a beam of laser light enters the eye, the eye magnifies and focuses the energy on the retina. The energy that reaches the retina can be as much as 100,000 times more than at the cornea and, as a result, it can burn the retina.

Laser transmission products are classified in four major groups (Class 1, 2, 3, and 4), according to their emissions and potential for causing injury. Fiber optic transmitter modules in this series are designated Class 1.

Precautions for Enclosed SystemsIn its normal operating mode, an optical fiber communication system is totally enclosed and presents no risk of eye injury. However, if the fiber optic cables that interconnect various components of an optical fiber disconnect or break, you may be exposed to laser emissions. Also, technicians may be exposed to laser emissions during installation and servicing.

Unlike some other laser designs, semiconductor lasers have a highly divergent beam that decreases rapidly with distance. The greater the distance, the less energy will enter the eye, and the less potential risk for eye injury.

WARNING!Eye damage may occur if an optical instrument such as a microscope, magnifying glass, or eye loupe is used to stare at the energized fiber end.

Under normal operating conditions, optical fiber telecommunication systems are completely enclosed; nonetheless, observe the following precautions:

1 Do not stare into optical connectors or broken fibers.

2 Ensure technicians have satisfactorily completed an approved training course before performing installation or maintenance.

3 Ensure there are appropriate warning labels near the optical ports of the modules.

Precautions for Unenclosed SystemsDuring service, maintenance, or restoration, an optical fiber telecommunication system is considered unenclosed. Under these conditions, follow the practices described below.

CAUTION!Only authorized, trained personnel shall be permitted to do service, maintenance, and restoration.

1 Avoid exposing the eye to emissions from unterminated, energized optical connectors at close distances.


119

2 Ensure that only authorized, trained personnel use optical test equipment during installation or servicing.

3 Turn off all laser sources before scanning a fiber with an optical test set.

4 Keep all unauthorized personnel away from the immediate area of the optical fiber systems during installation and service.

For guidance on the safe use of optical fiber communication systems in the workplace, consult ANSI Z136.2, American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers in the U.S. or outside the U.S., IEC-60825, Part 2.

Label The label shown in Figure 73 is applicable to Class 1 laser products.

Figure 73. Label for Class 1 Laser Products

Inspecting and Cleaning Fiber Optic ConnectionsWhen connecting fibers to a back module, ensure that you do not touch the end of the fiber, or allow it to become dirty. Small amounts of microscopic dust or other contaminants can seriously impair or disable a fiber optic network. If you touch the end of a fiber prior to connecting it to the back module, or otherwise allow it to become dirty, you must carefully inspect and clean the connection.

Important Points Before you begin cleaning, always inspect the fiber connections.

CLASS 1LASER PRODUCT

Table 32. Typical Contaminants

Contaminant Comments

Dust particle, 1 micron Can block up to 1% of the light transmission, creating a loss of 0.05 dB

Dust particle, 9 microns

Although microscopic, the particle can completely block the fiber core

Human hair Typically 50 to 75 microns in diameter

Oil Frequently caused by touching

Film residues Can accumulate from vapors or smoke

Powdery coatings Can be left behind after water or other solvents evaporate


120

Inspect and clean both fiber ends every time you make a connection.

Keep a protective cap on unplugged fiber connectors.

Do not touch the end of a fiber.

Store unused protective caps in a clean resealable container, located nearby for easy access.

Do not reuse cleaning tissues or swabs.

Do not allow alcohol or another wet cleaning agent to dry on a fiber end.

Never touch the dispenser tip of an alcohol bottle or any clean portion of a tissue or swab.

Use care when handling the fiber; do not twist or pull.

Keep your cleaning fluids away from open flame or spark.

Figure 74 describes the acceptable limits of defects in a fiber connection.

Figure 74. Fiber Optic Cross-Section

Zone 2(25 to 60 micron diameter)Maximum of 3 scratches <3.0 micron width is acceptable;Maximum of 1 light dig of <3.0 micron is acceptable

Zone 1(0 to 25 micron diameter)No scratches or digs are allowed

Zone 3(60 to 120 micron diameter)No scratches >3.0 microns are acceptable;Maximum of 3 digs of <10 microns are acceptable

Maximum 10 micron diameter dig is acceptable

Scratches and dust


121

Inspection and Cleaning Procedure

InspectionTo inspect and clean the fibers, follow these steps:

1 Ensure the fiber is not “live.”

WARNING!Eye damage may occur if an optical instrument such as a microscope, magnifying glass, or eye loupe is used to stare at an energized fiber end.

2 Inspect the fiber endface with a fiberscope.

3 If the fiber endface is clean, return to the installation instructions; if the connector is dirty, proceed to the dry cleaning instructions below.

Dry CleaningIf you are using cartridge- or pocket-style dry cleaning tools, follow the manufacturer’s directions. If you are using lint-free wipes, follow these steps:

1 Fold the lint-free wipe four to eight times into a square, taking care to avoid touching the cleaning surface of the wipe.

2 Lightly wipe the fiber tip in the central portion of the lint-free wipe.

Do not scrub the fiber. Excessive rubbing will leave scratches.

3 Repeat the wiping action on another clean section of the wipe or a new wipe.

4 Inspect the connector again with the fiberscope.

5 If the connection is clean, return to the installation steps; if the connector is still dirty, proceed to the wet cleaning instructions.

Wet CleaningUsing 99.8% isopropyl alcohol and lint-free wipes, follow these steps to wet clean the fiber:

1 Fold the wipe into a square, about 4 to 8 layers thick.

2 Moisten one section of the lint-free wipe with one drop of 99.8% alcohol, ensuring that a portion of the wipe remains dry.

3 Lightly wipe the fiber end in the alcohol-moistened portion of the lint-free wipe.

4 Immediately repeat the wiping action on the dry section of the wipe, removing any residual alcohol.

5 Inspect the fiber endface again, and if necessary, repeat the wet cleaning with another clean section of the lint-free wipe.

CAUTION!Do not scrub the fiber. Excessive rubbing will leave scratches.

6 Dry clean any remaining residue, and then inspect the connector again.


122

7 If the contamination persists, repeat the dry and wet cleaning procedure until the endface is clean.

If the fiber end still remains dirty after repeated cleaning attempts, call Customer Service for further instructions; if the fiber end is clean, return to the installation instructions.

Alarm List (Faults)Each module in a Selenio frame reports alarms (Faults) to the GUI. To view these faults, Select Configuration, then select a module in the left pane list of slots, and then click the Faults tab (beside the Configuration tab).

The Faults page provides information that includes:

Fault Name

Error Level

Enable/Disable capability

Priority (1 to 5 is Minor; 6 to 10 is Major)

Trigger in seconds

Clear in seconds

Acknowledgement

Active/Inactive status

You can sort the faults under these topics and by their ID number. Also, you can select faults individually (Ctrl + click) or in a batch (Shift + Ctrl + click). Once you have selected your faults, you can make changes to them using the options shown on the right side.

Table 33. SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 Fault List

Encoder Fault Default Priority

Module Failure 10 (Major)

Configuration Error 9 (Major)

Feature Not Supported 9 (Major)

Video Loss of Signal 8 (Major)

Incorrect Input Video Format 9 (Major)

Errors in Video Input Signal 6 (Major)

Audio Loss of Signal 10 (Major)

Audio Embedded Channel is Not Present 10 (Major)

Ext Compressed Audio Format Not Supported 10 (Major)

Audio Configuration Error (see page 56) 10 (Major)

Audio/Video Sync Adjust 3 (Minor)

Audio Resource Error 10 (Major)

VANC Data exceeds Bandwidth Allocation 10 (Major)

VANC Data Discarded Due to Packet Error 10 (Major)


123

VANC Configuration: Rate Below Minimum 10 (Major)

Excessive VBI Data Extraction Errors 10 (Major)

KLV Data Exceeds Bandwidth Allocation 10 (Major)

KLV Data Discarded Due to Packet Error 10 (Major)

OP-47 Data Exceeds Lines/Frame Allocation 10 (Major)

OP-47 Data Discarded Due to Packet Error 10 (Major)

Errors in SCTE 104 or SCTE 35 Data 5 (Minor)

Splice Point Video PTS Invalid 5 (Minor)

Splice Point Notification Too Late for Insertion 5 (Minor)

IP Transmit Configuration Error 10 (Major)

IP Receive Overflow Error 10 (Major)

IP Transmit Overflow Error 10 (Major)

IP Receive Error 10 (Major)

MH Input Error 10 (Major)

MH Output Error 10 (Major)

MH ECM Communication Error 10 (Major)

Rate Configuration Error 9 (Major)

AMOL Rate Configuration Error 9 (Major)

MH Configuration Error 10 (Major)

Ext Compressed Audio Error 10 (Major)

Audio Ext Compressed A/V Not Locked 4 (Minor)

High Temperature Warning 10 (Major)

Audio Output Degraded 4 (Minor)

Module in Failsafe 10 (Major)

Audio Late Input Discarded 5 (Minor)

Internal IP Data Error 10 (Major)

Video Encoder Fault 10 (Major)

Video Alternate Input Running 8 (Major)

Global STC Synchronization Has Been Lost 9 (Major)

Video Input LOS Image Fault 5 (Minor)

SMPTE 2031 Data Exceeds Bandwidth Allocation 10 (Major)

SMPTE 2031 Data Discarded Due to Packet Error 10 (Major)

SMPTE 2031 VBI configuration and data mismatch 10 (Major)

External Data Bandwidth Exceeded 4 (Minor)

External Audio Metadata Error 7 (Major)

Table 33. SEL-1ENC1 and SEL-1ENC2 Fault List (Continued)

Encoder Fault Default Priority


124

Specifications

ASI Output

Separate Audio Input Specifications

Table 34. ASI Output

Item Specification

Number of Outputs 2

Standard EN 50083-9

Connector (High-Density) HD-BNC

Data Rate 0-210 Mb/s

Output Voltage 800 mV ±0% (pk-to-pk)

Clock Rate 270 MHz ± 100 ppm

Deterministic Jitter 10% (pk-to-pk)

Random Jitter 8% (pk-to-pk)

Max. Rise and Fall time 1.2 ns (20-80%)

Table 35. Unbalanced AES Input

Item Specification


Impedance 75

Return Loss >25 dB, 0.1 to 6.0 MHz

Sensitivity <100 mV

Input Audio Rate Externally compressed data: 48 kHz synchronous with the input video clock. (PCM data must be sampled between 32 kHz and 96 kHz and will be internally sample rate converted to 48 kHz synchronous with the input video clock.)


125

Video Input Specifications

Table 36. 3 Gb/s HD-SDI Inputs (ENC1 Only)

Item Specification

Number of Inputs 1

Standard SMPTE 424M


Impedance 75

Return Loss >15 dB, typical, from 5 MHz to 1485 MHz

>10 dB, typical, from 1485 MHz to 2970 MHz

Table 37. 1.5 Gb/s HD-SDI Inputs

Item Specification

Number of Inputs 1 (ENC1); 2 (ENC2)

Standard SMPTE 292M (1.485, 1.485/1.001 Gb/s)


Impedance 75


Table 38. SD-SDI Inputs

Item Specification

Number of Inputs 1 (ENC1); 2 (ENC2)

Standard SMPTE 259M-C (270 Mb/s, 525/625 component video)


Impedance 75



126

SFP Receiver Specifications

Table 39. OP+SFP+RR Dual Optical Receiver

Item Minimum Typical Maximum Notes

Number of LC Input Connectors

- - 2

Input Wavelength 1260 nm - 1620 nm

Optical Power Monitor Accuracy

-2 dB - 2 dB

Sensitivity at 270 Mb/s (SMPTE 259M)

- -22 -20 Pathological*

Sensitivity at 1.5 Gb/s (SMPTE 292M)

- -22 -20 Pathological

Sensitivities at 3 Gb/s (SMPTE 424M)

- -20 -18 Pathological

Overload 0 dBm - - 2.97 Gb/s*

*BER = 1E-12 against SDI matrix. Check field signals for video applications. BER = 1E-12 against PRBS 223-1 for datacom applications.


127

Video Output Specifications

Table 40. 3 Gb/s HD-SDI Outputs (ENC1 Only)

Item Specification

Number of Outputs 2

Standard SMPTE 424M


Impedance 75


>10 dB, typical, from 1485 MHz to 2970 MHz

Signal Level 800 mV ±10%

DC Offset 0.0 V ±0.5 V

Rise and Fall Time <135 ps (20% to 80%), no differ by more than 50 ps

Overshoot <10% of amplitude

Jitter Timing jitter: 2 UI pk-to-pk

Alignment jitter: 0.3 UI pk-to-pk

Table 41. 1.5 Gb/s HD-SDI Outputs

Item Specification

Number of Outputs 2

Standard SMPTE 292M (1.485, 1.485/1.001 Gb/s)


Impedance 75




Rise and Fall Time <270 ps (20% to 80%)

Overshoot <10% of amplitude (all outputs terminated)

Jitter Timing jitter: <1 UI pk-to-pk

Alignment jitter: <0.2 UI pk-to-pk


128

Power Consumption

Table 42. SD-SDI Outputs

Item Specification

Number of Outputs 2

Standard SMPTE 259M-C (270 Mb/s, 525/625 component video)


Impedance 75




Rise and Fall Time 400 to 1500 ps (20% to 80%)

Overshoot <10% of amplitude (all outputs terminated)

Jitter < 0.2 UI pk-to-pk

Table 43. Power Consumption Specification

Item Specification

Module Power Consumption 40 W maximum

129

Index

Symbols3DTV functionality 8

AAAC 57Adaptive Quantization 36Advanced Audio Processing 41–46Advanced Parameters 34AFD Default 74Alarm List (Faults) 122–123Alternate Scan 37Alternate source 24AMOLl-48 and -96 72Analog-to-Digital 63Ancillary 68–71Application Examples 31ASI Output and Status 82Aspect Ratio Control (ARC) 25, 33ATSC

MH IP 84MH IP Settings 99–101Mobile Handheld 91–101

AudioCompression 47–59Format 48Input status 39–40Production Info 61

Audio-only coding 24Automated Measurement of Lineups (AMOL) 72AV Sync Adj Count 56

BBack Modules 9–10BBC-b6 75Bit Depth 58Bitrate 28, 68Bitstream Mode 60Block Diagrams 11

CCABAC 37Center Mix Level 60Chroma Sampling 28Cleaning and inspecting fiber optics 119–122Clear Status 27, 85Closed Caption 72, 73–74Closed GOP 30, 36Codec sample rate 55Coding

Level 33Mode 60Profile 28

Configuration Procedures 91–111Configuring IP Sources and Destinations 14–22Constant Bitrate (CBR) 28Copyright 55, 62Country 82Custom GPI scripts 88–90Custom pre-proc option 34

DData Ethernet interfaces 14Data Services 68–80De-emphasis 55Delay

Audio compression 54GOP 29splice preroll 79system 30, 33

Dialog Normalization 61Digital Vertical Interval Time Code (DVITC) 71DIP Switch 22Dolby Digital 45, 48, 50, 53, 55, 58, 60–67Dolby Digital Plus 31, 45, 48, 51, 53, 55, 58, 60,

61, 64–67, 85Dolby Digital setup instructions 64–67Dolby Digital Surround 53, 61–63Dolby E decoder 41, 42, 43, 58Dolby E encoder 45, 48, 50, 53–67Dual Mono (1+1) mode 55Dynamic GOP 36

Index130

EElementary Stream Rate 33Enable Output parameter 47Encapsulation 20–21EPF Strength 34–35EPG Export 110ETSI 300 472 and ETSI EN 301 775 77Examples of Applications 31Ext A-to-D Type 63Ext Dolby Surr EX Mode 63Ext LtRt and LoRo Levels 63Ext Stereo DownMix 62Extended Bitstream Information 62Extractor, Front Module 13

FFade Detection 35Failsafe Operation 22Faults 122–123Features of the modules 1–3FEC 20–21Fiber Optic Safety 118–119Field 1 and 2 Line Function 71Film Detect 33Filter, VANC 68Front Module 8

GGain 55General Purpose Interface (GPI) 79, 88Genlock 26GOP

Closed 30, 36Dynamic 36Dynamic Min and Max 36Selection Guidelines 29Size 29Structure 28Structure and Size 36

GPI scripts 88–90GPI/Serial Pinouts 10

HHierarchy, Implicit and Explicit 57High Pass Filter 63

IIndependent (Main) 47Inspecting and cleaning fiber optics 119–122Installing modules 12–13Intra DC and VLC 37IP

Encapsulation 84–85LANs 88

Sources and Destinations 14–22ISDB-TB Pro Software 108–111ISDB-Tb Settings

Fixed 102–103Mobile 104–108

KKLV Rate and Source 76

LLanguage Code 55, 82Laser Safety 118–119Latency 30Level of coding 33LFE Channel 61License Key Options 4–7Line Mode Profile 63Loss of Input 25, 47Lossless Monochrome Coding 71Loudness presets 44–45Low Frequency Effects 61Lowpass Filters 63LPF Strength 34–35

MM2X Settings 101Main Program IP Status 84MCTF Strength 35ME 1 Zero Bias 36Metadata 48, 58, 60–63MIB files 23Miscellaneous 85Mix Level 62Mode, Audio 48Module Options and Types 4–7MPEG Max/Min parameters 37MPEG Parameters (PIP Program) 81MPEG2 QPI and QPB Offset 37Multicast IP destinations 20Multichannel (5+1) 53

NNagra Settings 91

OOP-47 77–78Options for the Module 4–7Original Bitstream 55, 62

PParametric Stereo (PS) Signaling 57Parental Rating 81PES packing 58


131

Pinouts, GPI/Serial 10PIP 60, 80PIP Program IP 85PMT Channel and Loss of Signal 56Power consumption 128Pre-Deblocking Strength 35Preprocessing video 33Preroll 79Primary source 24Procedures for Configuration 91–111Program Configuration 58Program Select 60

QQuality of Service 21

RRate, Transport Stream 68Removing Modules 13Resolution 25Returning a Product ixRevision History of Manual viiRF Compression Profile 63RoHS Compliance ixRoom Type 62Roundbox Settings 91

SSafety

Fiber Optic 118–119Terms and Symbols x

SBR Signaling 57Scene Change Direction 35Serial Data 90Serial/GPI Pinouts 10Service Info Insert 74Servicing a Product ixSFP Receiver Option 7Shipping/Unpacking Information viiiSI Mode 80SI Parameters 81–82Signal Flow 11Simulcrypt 100Skin Tone Detection 35SMPTE 2031 77, 78Source

Audio 53CTR SDI and EXT SDI 24

Specifications 124–128Splice 78–80Statmux 28

Substream ID 55Subtitles 76Support Post 13Surround

Controls 63Mix Level 61

Synchrony MNA Overview 101System Delay 30, 33System Recovery Upgrade Fault 22

TTeletext (TTX) 77–78, 82Tgt Qp 32Time to Live 16, 88Total TS Rate 38, 80Transmit Interface 17Transport 57Transport Stream

Mux 80–82packing 21

Type of Service 21

UUDP 73Unicast IP destinations 18Unpacking/Shipping Information viiiUpgrading Module Firmware 22

VVANC

Closed Captioning 74Filter and Service 68Service 69

VBI 71–74VBI over VANC 76Video

Compression 27–37Elementary Stream Rate 33Input 24–27Program System (VPS) 72

Video bitrate 30VLAN ID 17VLAN ID restrictions 15

WWEEE Compliance xWeighted Prediction 36Wide Screen Signaling (WSS) 72World System Teletext (WST) 72

SEL-ENC-TBAInstallation and Operation Manual

132