SELF-EVALUATIONREPORTVetNorth Japan

TheCooperativeVeterinaryEducationProgramme betweenHokkaidoUniversitySchoolofVeterinaryMedicineandObihiro UniversityofAgricultureandVeterinaryMedicine

2019

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INTER-FACULTY SCHOOL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY & OBIHIRO UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE

AND VETERINARY MEDICINE

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University Kita-ku Kita 18 Nishi 9

Sapporo 060-0818, Japan TEL: 011-706-5190

Website: http://www.vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp/en/

●

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Nishi 2-11

Obihiro 080-8555, Japan TEL: 0155-49-5111

Website: http://www.obihiro.ac.jp/english/index.html

Office for Accreditation of Veterinary Education TEL: 0155-49 5211

Website: ………………………………

LocationofVetNorth Japan

n Google Map

• Hokkaido Universityhttps://www.google.co.jp/maps/@43.0797048,141.3359474,3259m/data=!3m1!1e3?hl=ja

• Obihiro Univeristy of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicinehttps://www.google.co.jp/maps/@42.8893239,143.1935388,2041a,35y,221.7h,44.42t/data=!3m1!1e3?hl=ja

SapporoObihiro

Hokkaido

Honshu

Shikoku

Kyushu

Tokyo

�����

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INTER-FACULTY SCHOOL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY & OBIHIRO UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE

AND VETERINARY MEDICINE

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University Kita-ku Kita 18 Nishi 9

Sapporo 060-0818, Japan TEL: 011-706-5190

Website: http://www.vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp/en/

●

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Nishi 2-11

Obihiro 080-8555, Japan TEL: 0155-49-5111

Website: http://www.obihiro.ac.jp/english/index.html

Office for Accreditation of Veterinary Education TEL: 0155-49 5211

Website: ………………………………

Sapporo

Obihiro

Approx. 200 km distance

Hokkaido University (HU)

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine (OU)

1.5 hr flight

1.5 hr flight

Contactaddress(LiaisonOfficer):n KeikoKawamoto,D.V.M.,Ph.D.(RepresentativeLiaisonOfficerofVetNorth Japan)

Professor

SectionofAppliedVeterinarySciences,DepartmentofVeterinaryMedicine,SchoolofCooperativeVeterinaryMedicine(VetNorth Japan)

2-11,Inada,Obihiro 080-8555,Hokkaido,Japan

E-mail:kkeiko@obihiro.ac.jp

Phone/Fax:+81-155-49-5890

n HiroakiKariwa,D.V.M.,M.S.,Ph.D.(LocalLiaisonOfficerofHokkaidoUniversity)

Professor

LaboratoryofPublicHealth,DepartmentofPreventiveVeterinaryMedicine,DivisionofVeterinaryMedicine,FacultyofVeterinaryMedicine,HokkaidoUniversity (VetNorth Japan)

Kita-18,Nishi-9,Kita-Ku,Sapporo060-0818,Hokkaido,Japan

E-mail:kariwa@vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp

Phone/Fax:+81-11-706-5211

ThisistheSelf-evaluationreport(SER)ofVetNorth JapanforFullVisitationbytheEuropeanAssociationofEstablishmentsforVeterinaryEducation(EAEVE).TheSERwaswritteninEnglishinagreementwithESEVT(UppsalaSOPMay2016).

TheSERconsistsofthereportitselfandanappendixwiththemostrelevantinformation.Theappendixisseparatelybound.

Otherdocumentsofinterestfortheexpertswillbeavailableattheconsultativesitevisit.Iftheexpertsneedfurtherinformation,pleasefeelfreetocontacttheRepresentativeLiaisonOfficer.

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Abbreviations AAALAC AssociationforAssessmentandAccreditationofLaboratoryAnimalCareInternationalABSL AnimalFacilityBiosafetyLevelACVP AmericanCollegeofVeterinaryPathologistsACVR AmericanCollegeofVeterinaryRadiologyAMED JapanAgencyforMedicalResearchandDevelopmentAY AcademicYearAiCVIM AsianCollegeofVeterinaryInternalMedicineBSC BiosafetyCabinetBSE BovineSpongiformEncephalopathyBSL BiosafetyLevelCALL Computer-AssistedLanguageLearningCBT Computer-BasedTestingCOE CenterofExcellenceCT ComputedTomographyCUEA UniversityEducationAffairsCenter(OU)CUFM CenterforNationalUniversityFinanceandManagementDVM/OU DepartmentofVeterinaryMedicine,ObihiroUniversityofAgricultureandVeterinaryMedicine EAEVE EuropeanAssociationofEstablishmentsforVeterinaryEducationECG ElectrocardiogramECTS EuropeanCreditTransferSystemEPT ExternalPracticalTrainingESEVT EuropeanSystemofEvaluationofVeterinaryTrainingESG StandardsandGuidelinesforQualityAssuranceintheEuropeanHigherEducationArea EU EuropeanUnionFCASA FieldCenterofAnimalScienceandAgricultureFD FacultyDevelopmentFSSC FoodSafetySystemCertificationFTE Full-TimeEquivalentFY FiscalYearGPA GradePointAverageHACCP HazardAnalysisandCriticalControlPointHEI HigherEducationInstitutesHINES HokkaidoUniversityInformationNetworkSystemHPAI HighlyPathogenicAvianInfluenzaHU HokkaidoUniversityIACUC InstitutionalAnimalCareandUseCommitteeICT InformationandCommunicationsTechnologyICU IntensiveCareUnitIEC InternationalElectrotechnicalCommissionILAR InstituteforLaboratoryAnimalResearchIPC InformationProcessingCenter(ObihiroUniversity)ISO InternationalOrganisationforStandardizationIT InformationTechnologyJAEVE JapaneseAssociationofEstablishmentsforVeterinaryEducationJCLAM JapaneseAssociationforLaboratoryAnimalMedicineJCVP JapaneseCollegeofVeterinaryPathologistsJCVS JapaneseCollegeofVeterinarySurgeonsJCZWM JapaneseCollegeofZooandWildlifeMedicineJICA JapanInternationalCooperationAgencyJRA JapanRacingAssociation

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JSPS JapanSocietyforthePromotionofScience JSVI JapaneseSocietyofVeterinaryImagingsJVMA JapanVeterinaryMedicalAssociationLAC LargeAnimalClinic(Obihiro)LINAC LinearAcceleratorMAFF MinistryofAgriculture,ForestryandFisheriesMEXT MinistryofEducation,Culture,Sports,Science&TechnologyMHLW MinistryofHealth,Labour,andWelfareMRI MagneticResonanceImagingNCUEE NationalCenterofUniversityEntranceExaminationsNIAD-QE NationalInstitutionforAcademicDegreesandQualityEnhancementofHigherEducationNOSAI NationalAgriculturalInsuranceAssociationNUC NationalUniversityCooperationOIE WorldOrganisationforAnimalHealthOPAC OnlinePublicAccessCatalogueOSCE ObjectiveStructuredClinicalExaminationOSD OfficeforStudentswithDisabilitiesOU ObihiroUniversityofAgricultureandVeterinaryMedicinePDCA Plan-Do-Check-Act QA QualityAssuranceSAC SmallAnimalClinic(Obihiro)SCJ ScienceCouncilofJapanSD StaffDevelopmentSER SelfEvaluationReportSEU StandardsforEstablishmentofUniversities SNS SocialNetworkingServiceSOP StandardOperatingProceduresSVM/HU HokkaidoUniversitySchoolofVeterinaryMedicineSWOT Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-ThreatsTOEFL TestofEnglishasaForeignLanguage TOEIC TestofEnglishforInternationalCommunicationTR TutorialRoomUGSVS UnitedGraduateSchoolofVeterinaryScience,GifuUniversityVAC VeterinaryAffairsCouncilVCAT VeterinaryCommonAchievementTestVMC VeterinaryMedicalCenter(Obihiro)VMMCC VeterinaryMedicineModelCoreCurriculumVNJ VetNorthJapanVTH VeterinaryTeachingHospitalvetCBT VeterinaryComputer-BasedTestingvetESO VeterinaryEducationSupportOrganizationvetOSCE VeterinaryObjectiveStructuredClinicalEvaluation

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Table of contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 1 Standard 1: Objectives and Organisation .............................................................................................. 4

1.1. Factual Information (Findings) .................................................................................................................................... 4 1.2. Comments .................................................................................................................................................................. 8 1.3. Suggestions for improvement ..................................................................................................................................... 9

Standard 2: Finances ............................................................................................................................. 10 2.1. Factual Information (Findings) .................................................................................................................................. 10 2.2. Comments ................................................................................................................................................................ 14 2.3. Suggestions for improvement ................................................................................................................................... 14

Standard 3: Curriculum .......................................................................................................................... 15 3.1. Factual Information (Findings) .................................................................................................................................. 15 3.2. Comments .............................................................................................................................................................. 20 3.3. Suggestions for improvement ................................................................................................................................... 20

Standard 4: Facilities and equipment ................................................................................................... 25 4.1. Factual Information (Findings) .................................................................................................................................. 25 4.2. Comments .............................................................................................................................................................. 31 4.3. Suggestions for improvement ................................................................................................................................... 31

Standard 5: Animal resources and teaching materials of animal origin ........................................... 32 5.1. Factual Information (Findings) ................................................................................................................................ 32 5.2. Comments .............................................................................................................................................................. 39 5.3. Suggestions for improvement ................................................................................................................................... 39

Standard 6: Learning resources ........................................................................................................... 40 6.1 Factual Information (Findings) ................................................................................................................................... 40 6.2. Comments .............................................................................................................................................................. 42 6.3. Suggestions for improvement ................................................................................................................................... 42

Standard 7: Student admission, progression and welfare ................................................................. 43 7.1. Factual Information (Findings) .................................................................................................................................. 43 7.2. Comments .............................................................................................................................................................. 48 7.3. Suggestions for improvement ................................................................................................................................... 48

Standard 8: Student assessment .......................................................................................................... 49 8.1. Factual Information (Findings) ................................................................................................................................ 49 8.2. Comments .............................................................................................................................................................. 50 8.3. Suggestions for improvement ................................................................................................................................... 50

Standard 9: Academic and support staff ............................................................................................. 51 9.1. Factual Information (Findings) ................................................................................................................................ 51 9.2. Comments ................................................................................................................................................................ 55 9.3. Suggestions for improvement ................................................................................................................................... 55

Standard 10: Research programmes, continuing and postgraduate education .............................. 56 10.1. Factual Information (Findings) ................................................................................................................................ 56 10.2. Comments ............................................................................................................................................................ 60 10.3. Suggestions for improvement ................................................................................................................................. 60

Standard 11: Outcome Assessment and Quality Assurance ............................................................. 61 11.1. Factual Information (Findings) ................................................................................................................................ 61 11.2. Comments ............................................................................................................................................................... 64 11.3. Suggestions for improvement ................................................................................................................................. 64

12. List of ESEVT Indicators .................................................................................................................. 65 12.1. Factual Information (Findings) ................................................................................................................................ 65 12.2. Comments .............................................................................................................................................................. 65 12.3. Suggestions for improvement ................................................................................................................................. 65

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Introduction BriefhistoryoftheEstablishmentandofitspreviousESEVTVisitations(ifany)VetNorthJapan(VNJ)wasestablishedin2012withtheaimofprovidingworld-classveterinaryeducation.TheCooperativeVeterinaryEducationProgrammejoinsthefacultiesoftwonationaluniversities,HokkaidoUniversitySchoolofVeterinaryMedicine(SVM/HU)andtheFacultyofVeterinaryMedicineatObihiroUniversityofAgricultureandVeterinaryMedicine(DVM/OU). BothuniversitiesareinHokkaido,thelargestandnorthernmostprefectureinJapan.BothareapprovedasnationaluniversitiesofJapanesehighereducationunderthejurisdictionoftheMinistryofEducation,Culture,Sports,ScienceandTechnology(MEXT). BriefhistoryofSVM/HUandDVM/OUbeforetheVNJestablishmentOriginallyfoundedasSapporoAgriculturalCollegein1876,HokkaidoUniversity(HU)isoneoftheoldest,largestandmostprestigiousuniversitiesinJapan,anditnowhas12undergraduateand25graduateschools.ThebasicphilosophiesguidingHU’seducationandresearchincludeFrontierSpirit,GlobalPerspectives,Well-RoundedEducationandPracticalLearning.VeterinaryeducationatHUstartedin1878andprofessionalveterinaryeducationbeganin1880.TheDepartmentofVeterinaryMedicinewasestablishedin1910.In1952,itgrewintotheSchoolofVeterinaryMedicine. OUwasfirstestablishedasObihiroHigherTechnicalSchoolofVeterinaryMedicinein1941anditwastheonlynationalagriculturaluniversityin1949toprovideaworld-classeducationinagriculture,animalhusbandryandveterinarymedicine.OUislocatedinthemiddleofTokachiDistrict,whichiscalled“Japan’sfoodproductionbase”andconsistsofthelargestfieldcropandlivestockzoneinJapan.OU’sbasicphilosophyisnurturingitscharacteristicsthroughthecreationandpracticaluseofknowledge,andcontributingtoregionalandinternationalcommunitiesbydevelopinghumanresourcestosupportandprotectfoodsafety,animalhealthandpeople’slivelihoods.SVM/HUhasactivelyengagedinresearchonzoonoticdiseases,lifesciences,ecosystempreservation,andcompanionanimalmedicine,whileDVM/OUhasfocusedonfarmanimalmedicineandproduction,foodsafety/securityandprotozoandiseases. TheMEXTgavefundingsupportfortheestablishmentofeducationandresearchcentersthatprovidesleadership,bestresearchandtrainingforafocusareatostrengthen

theinternationalcompetitivenessofJapaneseuniversitiesas“21stCenturyCenterofExcellence(COE)”programme.TheresearchandeducationprogrammespresentedbybothuniversitieswereselectedbyMEXTas“21stCOEprogramme”(HU:ProgrammeofExcellenceforZoonosisControl;OU:Sustainabilityandsafetyinfoodanimalproduction).Basedontheevaluationof‘21stCenturyCOEProgram’,bothuniversitieswerefurtherselectedtobea“GlobalCOEProgram”(HU:TheEstablishmentoftheInternationalCollaborativeCenterforZoonosisControl;OU:AnimalGlobalHealth).BackgroundoncooperativeveterinaryeducationIn2004,allJapanesenationaluniversitiesweretransformedinto‘nationaluniversitycorporations(NUCs)’.Beforethat,thenationaluniversitieshadbeenpartsofthegovernment.MEXTisstilltheofficialauthoritythatoverseestheNUCs;however,eachnationaluniversitybecameasemi-autonomouspubliccorporation,separatefromthegovernmentandwithmorefreedominmanagement. InNovember2008,MEXTrevisedtheStandardsfortheEstablishmentofUniversitiesandcreatedalegalframework,calledthe‘CooperativeEducationProgram’,toallowmultipleuniversitiestoprovideandutilizeeducationalresourceseffectively.Thesocialneedforveterinarymedicineeducationhasbecomemorediversifiedandadvanced,notonlyforanimalpracticebutalsoforlifescience,worldwideinfectioncontrol,publichealth,andenvironmentalhygiene.Instillingahighqualityofeducation,whichwillformthebasisofveterinarians’qualifications,isimportantandnecessary.Toaddresstheissueeffectivelyandprovideacomprehensive,international-leveleducation,SVM/HUandDVM/OUestablishedandMEXTapprovedtheVNJprogrammein2012. Combiningtheadvantagesofthetwovetschools,VNJwasfoundedtoformulateaneducationalframeworkforinternationallyacceptableveterinaryprofessionswithanup-to-datecurriculumthatcoversallfieldsofveterinarymedicineandsciences.MEXT’sprojectbudget,‘SubsidyforNationalUniversityReformPlan’,fromFY2012toFY2017,includedanallocationtoVNJtointensivelyredevelopandstrengthenthequalityofuniversityeducation(SeedetailsinStandard2.1.). Since2012,whenthenewcurriculum(Curriculum2012)attheVNJprogrammecommenced,wehavevisitedestablishmentsthatareapproved/accreditedbyEAEVEinordertogatherinformationonthecurrentstatusof

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veterinaryeducationinEuropeancountriesanddiscusshowtoimproveourownveterinaryeducation.Further,wehavealsoinvitedexpertsfromtheEAEVEestablishmentstoconductinformalconsultations.WereceivedconsultativevisitationbyESEVTexpertsinJuly2017inaccordancewithUppsalaSOPMay2016.TheupcomingFullVisitationscheduledinJuly2019willbethefirstESEVTFVforVNJ.MainfeaturesoftheEstablishmentTheVNJprogramme,withasix-yeartermofstudy,wasauthorizedbyMEXTandisledbytheVNJCouncil,whichconsistsofbothuniversities’presidents.VNJiswellmanagedbytheVNJExecutiveBoardandanorganisationcomprisingvariouscommittees(Standard1.1.4.). Themainfeatureofourveterinaryeducationsystemisthecooperationbetweenthetwoveterinaryschools,whichhassignificantlystrengthenedveterinaryeducationandresearchfields. Thetwoveterinaryschools,SVM/HUandDVM/OU,mutuallyutilizeeachother’soutstandingeducationalresourcesinordertodeveloparichcurriculumthattheindividualvetschoolswouldnothavebeenabletoformulate.Inparticular,auniquecomplimentaryclinicalrotationhasbeenintroducedtoprovideasufficientnumberofcaseloadinvariousanimalspecies.Underthecurrentcurriculum,theteachingstaffofSVM/HUinstructsstudentsinseveralsubjectsatDVM/OUandviceversa(fromSVM/HUtoDVM/OU:31subjectsand44credits,fromDVM/OUtoSVM/HU:26subjectsand38credits).Thisprogrammealsoallowsstudentsofbothinstitutionstoparticipateinseminarsandpracticaltrainingsessionsofferedoneithercampusandinteractiveremoteclasses.MaindevelopmentssincethelastVisitation WereceivedaConsultativeVisitationinJuly2017inaccordancewithUppsalaSOPMay2016.ThreepotentialmajordeficiencieswereidentifiedbytheESEVTexperts. Themaindevelopmentsregardingthemajordeficienciesareasfollows: 1. We renewed our internal regulations to involve

students, juniorstaffandexternalstakeholders intheVNJ’sorganisationalstructure.Theirinputisusefulforimprovingthequalityoflearningandteaching.

2. We increased thenumberof veterinarians, academicandsupportstaffandopeneda24/7clinicalserviceforcompanionanimals(SVM/HU)andequines(DVM/OU).

3. Afacilityforanatomyandnecropsywasrenovatedtomeetabiosecuritystandard(SVM/HU).

Othersignificantdevelopments 4. AnExoticUnitwasopenedattheVTH(SVM/HU),and

cooperationwithlocalzoos(MaruyamaZooandObihiroZoo)wasestablishedinbothlocations.

5. Aspay/neuterprogrammehasbeenintroducedincooperationwithlocalanimalshelters(SVM/HUand

DVM/OU).6. Selectivesubjectswereincreased,includingaquatic

animalmedicine,zoopractice,andVTHclinicalrotationinforeigncountries,viaaninternationalvetexchangeprogramme(IVEP).

7. IncreasetheopportunitiesforEPTtrainingatameatinspectioncenterwereaddedunderthecooperativeagreementwiththelocalgovernmentagency.

8. Animalwelfareconceptinteachingandresearchhasbeenenhanced,e.g.,environmentalenrichment,thedisclosureofanimalexperimentapplications(DVM/OU)andreducingtheuseofliveanimals.

9. AVPN(VirtualPrivateNetwork)wasintroducedinApril2019tomakeaccessibleOU’sinternalnetwork.Allstudentscannowuseinternalnetwork-basedservices(suchasdownloadingreferences)fromtheircomputersoroutsidenetworks.

10. Theremotelecturesystemwasupdatedforsustainability,cost-effectivenessanduser-friendliness.

11. Theamountofe-learningcontentgrew.12. Newtools,modelsandsimulatorswereaddedtothe

ClinicalSkillsLabs.13. Isolationfacilitiesforcompanionanimalswere

renovated(SVM/HU). 14. Themainlibrarywasrenovatedtoprovideabetter

learningenvironment;theconstructionwillbecompletedbySeptember2019atOU.

15. Twomobilediagnosticimagingvehicleswereintroducedatalargeanimalclinic(ultrasound,x-ray,endoscope,bloodanalyser(CBCandbiochemical),on-farmmoleculardiagnosticdevices.

16. Thecurrentcurriculum(Curriculum2012)wasreviewed.Theexternalstakeholders,studentsandfacultymembersworkedtogethertoenhancestudentlearning,engagement,experienceandoutcomes.

17. TheVNJDayOneCompetencyListhasbeenformulated.

18. Newbuildingsforexperimentalanimalswereconstructed(HU).

MajorproblemsencounteredbytheEstablishment Severalspecificproblemshavebeenresolved.Ontheotherhand,significantchangesintheoperationalstructures,curriculumandfacilitieshavegeneratedstressrelatedtoadoptingthenewsystemandtheyrequiredalotofextraworkfromthestaffandstudents. Theacademicandsupportstaffhadtomanagetwocurriculainparallel;itwasadifficultperiodespeciallyduringthetransition(2012-2015)fromtheoldcurriculumtothecurrentone(theVNJCurriculum2012). Resolvedissues1. Inthepreviouscurriculum,thehands-onclinical

rotationwastooshort.Weincreasedtheclinicalrotationperiodfromfourtotwelveweeks.

2. Thecaseloadinthelargeanimalpracticewaslow.WeincreasedthenumberofveterinariansandacademicandsupportstaffinthelargeanimalclinicandrenovatedDVM/OU’sVTHforlargeanimals.Accordingly,thenumberofpatientshasincreasedyearbyyear(SeeTable5.1.2,5.1.3inStandard5).

3. TomeetthebiosafetyandbiosecuritystandardsofEAEVE,werenovatedandconstructedseveralfacilities

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forveterinaryeducation,includingVTHsforsmallandlargeanimals,necropsyandanatomyfacilities,ahospitalizationbarnandisolationfacilities.

4. WerevisedtheVNJcurriculumtomeettherequirementsofEUDirective2005/36/EC.

5. Thenumberofnecropsycasesinallcommondomesticanimals,exceptcompanionanimals,increased.

6. Weimprovedthequalityassurance(QA)systemofVNJinaccordancewithnationalandEuropeanstandardsandtherequirementsofEAEVE.Therefore,asystemallowinginputfromexternalstakeholdersandstudentsintheformofanAdvisoryPanelhasbeenintroduced.

7. Accesstopoultryandpigfarmsislimitedduetostrictbiosecurity.Therewasinsufficientclinicalandpublichealthtrainingwiththeseanimalspecies.SinceJune2017,aherdvisitandtrainingprogrammeatcommercialfarmsofpigandpoultryhasstartedtoimprovethecurrentsituation.

Ongoingchallenges1. Studentsarenotforcedtoworkoverthehours

definedbythecredit(1creditforHands-ontrainingcorrespondsto45workinghours).Accordingly,studentshavelimitedexposuretonight/emergencyduty(2credits,1.5creditsforcompanionanimalsand0.5creditsforlargeanimals).

2. NecropsycasesofcompanionanimalsarelowerthantheaverageofEuropeanestablishments.Mostoftheownersdonotdonatethebodiesofthedeceasedpetstoveterinaryschools.Theygenerallyhaveapetfuneralandcrematethebodiesastheywouldforahuman.Itistraditionallybelievedthatabodyshouldbewholeuponcremation.Thus,wedonothavelargenumbersofnecropsycasesofcompanionanimalsbecauseofthisculturalbackground.

3. Effectivecommunicationbetweenalllevelsofstaffandstudentsisimportant.Enormouschangesintheshorttermforthedevelopmentprocessalsoimpededtheunderstandingandcommunicationamongthefacultymembersfrombothlocations.Since2011,wehavebeenoperatingannualjointmeetingcamps(VNJFacultyAssembly).EveryMarch,allacademicstaffsfrombothlocationsgathertoshareinformationandproblemsanddiscussissuesface-to-face.Employingaremoteconferencesystemalsoensuresfrequentcommunicationbetweenthetwolocations.Wewillcontinuetoimprovecommunicationateverylevel.

4. Thefundingformaintenanceandrenewalcostsofmedicalequipmentislimited.

VersionanddateoftheESEVTSOPwhichisvalidfortheVisitation UppsalaSOP2016,whichwasapprovedbytheEAEVEatGeneralAssemblyonMay12,2016.

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Standard 1: Objectives and Organisation 1.1. Factual Information (Findings) 1.1.1.DetailsoftheEstablishment,i.e.officialname,address,phonenumber,Emailandwebsiteaddresses,Establishment’sHead,nameanddegreesoftheperson(s)responsiblefortheprofessional,ethical,andacademicaffairsoftheVTH,officialauthorityoverseeingtheEstablishment Officialname TheCooperativeVeterinaryEducationProgrammebetweenHokkaidoUniversitySchoolofVeterinaryMedicineandObihiroUniversityofAgricultureandVeterinaryMedicine(VetNorthJapan,VNJ). WebsiteHokkaidoUniversitySchoolofVeterinaryMedicine(SVM/HU):https://www.vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp/DepartmentofVeterinaryMedicine,ObihiroUniversityofAgricultureandVeterinaryMedicine(DVM/OU):https://www.obihiro.ac.jp/vet-med-prgHeadoftheEstablishment(Dean)Name&degrees:HisaoKurazono,D.V.M.,M.S.,PhD,VicePresidentofObihiroUniversityofAgricultureandVeterinaryMedicine Address:2-11Inada,Obihiro,080-8555,Hokkaido,JapanPhonenumber:+81-155-49-5422Email:hkurazon@obihiro.ac.jp*TheDeansofSVM/HUandDVM/OUshallserveastheDeanandViceDeanofVNJ,alternatingeveryfouryears.TheVNJDeanoverseesandisresponsibleforalltheprogrammesrelatedtotheprofessional,ethicalandacademicaffairsoftheeducationprogramme,issupportedbytheViceDeanandDirectorsoftheVTHsinthetwolocations(bothholdD.V.M.andPhDdegrees). OfficialauthorityoverseeingtheEstablishment:HUwasfoundedin1876asSapporoAgriculturalCollege.OUwasestablishedin1941asObihiroHigherTechnicalSchoolofVeterinaryMedicine.BothuniversitiesareapprovedasnationaluniversitiesofJapanesehighereducationunderthejurisdictionoftheMinistryofEducation,Culture,Sports,ScienceandTechnology(MEXT).TheVNJCouncilconsistsofToyoharuNawa,PhD,PresidentofHUandKiyoshiOkuda,D.V.M.,PhD,PresidentofOU,overseestheVNJ. 1.1.2.SummaryoftheEstablishmentStrategicPlanwithanupdatedSWOTanalysis,themissionandtheobjectivesOnthebasisoftheSWOTanalysis(Figure1.1)ofthecurrentstatusoftheVNJ,whichwasupdatedbytheQACommitteeandauthorizedbytheProgrammeExecutiveBoardinMarch2017,wehavedevelopedthefollowingstrategicplans: MissionOurmissionistobenefitsocietyandtheenvironmentbyprovidingveterinaryprofessionalswhohaveasolid

foundationofknowledge,skillsandethicsandwhowillcontributetothepromotionofthehealthandwelfareofbothanimalsandhumans.

ObjectivesTheprimaryobjectiveoftheVNJistoprovide,inagreementwiththeQualityAssurance(QA)FrameworkofHigherEducationinJapan(MEXT,Japan),adequate,ethical,research-andevidence-basedveterinarytrainingandtoproducenewgraduateveterinarianswho:1)Meetacompetencythresholdforentry-level

professionalsincludinglicenceeligibility;2)Haveafoundationwithhighethicalstandardsto

addressthegrowinganddiversifiedsocialneedsofveterinarymedicineandtheabilitytocontributetothepromotionofpopulationhealththroughimprovinganimalhealthandwelfarethroughamultidisciplinaryapproach;

3)Possessaglobalperspectivewiththe‘OneHealth’conceptinordertorespondtoandpreventenvironmentalissuesandinfectiousdiseases,includingtransboundaryanimaldiseases,zoonosesandfoodbornediseases,whichthreatenanimalandhumanhealth;

4)Understandtheimportanceoflifelonglearningandtheneedtoobtainup-to-dateinformationaboutevidence-basedveterinarymedicinethroughresearch-basededucation.

StrategicPlans(2016-2021)1. DesignanInnovativeCurriculumandEducational

EnvironmentAsaresultofthelaststrategicplan(2010-2015),wecoordinatedthecurriculumtomeettheEUDirective2005/36/EC,reinforcedclinicalhands-ontrainingandrenovated/constructedfacilitiesforveterinaryeducation.Thecurriculumandeducationalenvironmentcontinuetobeimproved.Wehavealsoreviewedthecurrentcurriculum(Curriculum2012)tointroduceastudent-centeredpedagogy.Thenewcurriculumwillbeintroducedin2019.Wehavestarted24/7emergencyservicesforcompanionanimalsandequinesandwillstrengthentheactivityofthe24/7emergencyservices.

2. EnsuringandenhancingtheQASystemforVeterinary

Education Inadditiontotheuniversity-levelQAthathasbeenintroducedunderlegalobligation,weenhancedourQAsystemattheVNJprogram-level.Weperformedasystematic,impartial,objectiveandself-andstakeholder-basedevaluationofhoweffectivelyourprogrammeisworking.Byreviewingandanalysingkeyindicators,wewillbeabletoplanandcontinuouslyimproveoureducationandresearch.Toevaluatethequalityofourprogramme,wearegoingtoreceivetwoexternalevaluationsspecificto

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veterinaryeducationbyEAEVE(2019)andJapanUniversityAccreditationAssociation(JUAA)(thedateisnotfixedyet).TheacquisitionofEAEVEaccreditationisoneofthelandmarkinternationalstandardswewantourveterinaryeducationtoreach.

3. EnhancementofResearchActivities TheVNJintendstoenhanceresearchactivitiestocultivatestudents'scientificthinkingandproblem-solvingability.TheVNJpromotesresearchactivitiesbyapplyingforexternalresearchfundsandincreasingthenumberofdoctoralstudentsandresearchstaff.Byofferinganexcellentresearch-basededucation,wecanconsolidateourpositionandproduceoutstandinghumanresources.

4. EnhancedContributions to the LocalCommunityand

SocietyByadvancingknowledgeandexpandingourapproachtopracticallearning,wewillcontributetotheregionalandinternationalcommunitythroughdevelopinghumanresources,whocanrespondtosocialdemandsandcreatingcollaborationsandstrongpartnershipsbetweenacademia,governmentandindustry.AgricultureisHokkaido’smajorindustry.Weofferpublicservicestosupportcommunitiesthroughourclinics,diagnosticlaboratoriesandregional

collaborativecenters,contributingtoanimalandhumanhealthandensuringfoodsafety.

5. GlobalizationofResearchandEducation

TheVNJstrengthenspartnershipswithoverseasuniversities,withwhichwecanexchangestudentsandstaff.WehavecontributedtointernationalcollaborationsandeducationthroughtheWorldHealthOrganisation(WHO)CollaborativeCenterandWorldOrganisationforAnimalHealth(OIE)referencelaboratories.Wealsosupporttocapacity-buildingindevelopingcountrieswithJapanInternationalCooperation Agency(JICA),whichistheactingbodyofJapan’sOfficialDevelopmentAssistance(ODA).TheVNJwilltakeitsresearchandeducationtotheglobal-level.

6. FosteringGlobalLeadersofOneHealth

Contributingtoveterinaryscienceisstronglyexpectedtohelpachieve“OneHealth”throughouttheworld.TheVNJwillimproveitseducationtoshareinternationalperspectivesandleadershipskillswithstudentsaswellasfostertheirexpertiseandsenseofresponsibility.

Figure1.1.SWOTanalysisofVetNorthJapan

SWOT Analysis for VetNorth Japan�Summary of the SWOT analysis for VetNorth Japan updated in 2018

Weaknessesl Insufficient 24/7 emergency services for companion

animals and equinel Insufficient patient numbers of porcine, poultry & exotic

petsl Insufficient necropsy cases of companion animalsl Time, labour, and operating costs for complementary

education (transportation and accommodation for staff and students, etc)

l Insufficient QA procedures including the lack of organizations to take the input from students & external stakeholders

l Insufficient EPT programme & its managementl Low number of specialized veterinariansl Absence of VPN at OU

Opportunitiesl Strong demand for and interest in veterinary medicine

through human-animal-nature bond concept from the community

l Veterinarian is one of the popular occupations. l Big impact of education reinforcement in VetNorth

Japan on other universities and the communityl Reputation, branding & competitiveness of VetNorth

Japan due to renovation of veterinary education & QA, & entailed accreditation by the EAEVE

l Leadership of VetNorth Japan in Japan & Asia in veterinary education & QA establishment

Threatsl Continuous decline of budgets to national universities in

Japanl Financial difficulty for sufficient staffingl Change in economic status & population ageing that

would affect veterinary education & trainingl Decrease in number of prospective students due to

declining birthrates

Strengthsl Academic staff with novel & broad specificities with high

activities in scientific researchl Combined education system with totally complementary

structure, facilities, resources & environment for veterinary studies and training

l Excellent facilities and infrastructurel Students with high motivation & academic abilityl Harmonization of staff from two locations sharing

periodical FD/SD for QAl Leading VTH for small and large animals with eminent

medical care in Japanl Various active overseas collaborations in education &

research

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1.1.3.SummaryoftheEstablishmentOperatingPlanwithtimeframeandindicatorsofachievementofitsobjectives ThedetailtheOperatingPlanswithatimeframeandindicatorsofpastandcurrentStrategicPlansareshowninAppendix 1. ThesummaryofoperatingplanswithhighprioritygiventothecurrentStrategicPlan(2016-2021)islistedasfollows:Education・Renovationofnecropsyandanatomyfacilitiesat

SVM/HUtomeetthebiosecurityrequirements(completed)

・Increaseinthenumberofnecropsiesofcompanionanimals(continuous)

・Strengtheningclinicaltrainingforswine,poultryandemergencyserviceforcompanionanimalsandequine(continuous)

・Strengtheningextramuraltrainingforfoodsafetyandquality(continuous)

・ImprovementofwebsitesprovidingimportantandnecessaryinformationfortheVNJprogramme,suchasstrategicplans,qualityassuranceandbiosafetyandbiosecurityprocedurestoensurebetterunderstandingamongthestaffandstudents(continuous)

・ConsolidationofQAsystemtobetteruseinputfromstudentsandexternalstakeholdersforthecontinuousimprovementofeducation(continuous)

・Updatinginformationforbettereducationfromdomesticandinternationalorganisationsandexperts(continuous)

Indicatorsincludeastudentsatisfactoryrate,students’score/grades,retention,graduationanddropoutrates,passrateofnationalexaminationforveterinarianlicence,no.ofspecializedveterinarians,no.ofapplicants,no.ofnecropsycases,andno.ofclinicalcaseloads.AccreditationbyEAEVEisoneimportantindicatorofourveterinaryeducationhavingmetinternationalstandards.Research・ReforminggraduateschoolsatHUandOU

(completed,seedetailinStandard10)・Promotionofbasic,appliedandtranslationalresearch

(continuous)andactivereleaseofresearchoutcomes(continuous)

・Strengtheninginternationalcollaborationandpromotingtheinternationalexchangeofstaffandstudents(continuous)

・Increasingtheacquisitionofresearchgrants(continuous)

・Increasingthenumberofsignificantpublications(continuous)

Indicatorsincludegrantincome,publications,PhDstudentship,awards,publicationswithinternationalco-authorship,no.ofMOU,PhDstudents,internationallyoutboundstudents,internationalprogrammes,

internationalsymposium/seminarsandinternationalstaffandfeedbackfromgraduatestudents.Services・Providinghigh-quality,advancedclinicalservicesto

supportanimalhealth(continuous)・Internationalaccreditationfordiagnosticservices

(ISO17025,OIEreferencelaboratories,HUandDVM/OU),milkplantandfarmmanagement(FSSC22000andISO22000,OU)(completed)

・Openingcommunitypracticeservices,suchasspaying/neuteringstraydogsandcats(completed)

・Openinga24/7emergencyclinicforcompanionanimalsandhorses(completed)

・Increasingcollaborativeactivitieswiththelocalcommunityinresearchandeducationalfields(continuous)

IndicatorsincludeinternationalaccreditationsuchasISO17025,AAALAC,FSSC22000andISO22000,no.ofcollaborativeandcooperativeworkswiththecommunity,numberofcaseloads,revenuesfromclinicalanddiagnosticservicesandsatisfactoryfeedbackfromclients.1.1.4.Organisationalchart(diagram)oftheEstablishmentAdiagramoftheorganisationoftheVNJisshowninFigure1.2.TheorganisationalchartofeachlocationisprovidedinAppendix 2 (SVM/HU)and 3 (DVM/OU).1.1.5.Listofdepartments/units/clinicsandcouncils/boards/committeeswithaverybriefdescriptionoftheircomposition/function/responsibilities CommonorganisationalstructureoftheVNJTheVNJCouncilconsistsofthetwouniversities’presidents.AsshowninFigure1.2,thecouncilisthehighestdecision-makingbodyanditisresponsibleforensuringefficientfinancialsupportforoperatingtheVNJprogramme. TheVNJExecutiveBoardconsistsofdeansfromthetwolocationsanditdecidesmoststrategicissues.ItmustapproveofallitemssubmittedbytheProgrammeExecutiveBoard.ThemembersoftheProgrammeExecutiveBoardareappointedbytheVNJExecutiveBoard.TheProgrammeExecutiveBoardisapracticaldecision-makingbody,whichisresponsibleforallissuesrelatingtotheteaching,learningandresearchcarriedoutintheVNJprogramme.TheboardcomprisestenprofessorsfromeachlocationanddirectsthewholeVNJprogramme.TheVNJAdvisoryPanelhasbeenestablishedsince2017.Thepanelconsistsofcriticalinternalandexternalstakeholders,includingstudent,publichealthandanimalhealthsectorrepresentatives,graduatesandmembersoflocalveterinarianassociationsandprivatecompanies.Thepanelmeetstwiceayeartounderstandtheneedsandexpectationsfortheprogramme,fromdifferent

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perspectives.Thepanel’sfeedbackisconsideredtoimprovethequalityoftheprogramme.

Figure1.2.OrganisationaldiagramofVetNorthJapan

Wehavesixjointcommitteesforhandlingandoperatingimportantcommonissues.Thesejointcommitteescoordinateideasanddiscussionsfromrelevantlocalcommitteestomakemutualagreements.Detailsofthecomposition,functionandresponsibilitiesofeachcommitteeareprovidedinAppendix 4, 5 and6.

・TheAcademicAffairsCommitteeplansandreviewstheacademicprogrammesandcontinuedimprovementofteachingandlearning.

・TheQACommitteeisresponsibleforthequalitymanagementofourveterinaryeducation.

・TheInternationalAccreditationCommitteeisinchargeofdevelopingaplan, andcollectingandprovidingrelevantinformationforourveterinaryeducationtoobtaininternationalaccreditations.

・ThePortalSiteCommitteemanagesandimprovestheVetPortalsite,ane-noticeboardtopromotecommunicationsbetweenthestudentsandacademicstaffofthetwolocations.

・TheAdvancedEducationCommitteeisresponsibleforthe

managementofAdvancedSeminars,whichcoverelectivesubjectsandprovidedeeperknowledgeandskillsofspecialveterinarytopics.

・TheVeterinaryCommonAchievementTest(VCAT)Committeeconsistsoftwosubcommittees(vetCBTandvetOSCE),whichareresponsibleforoperatingtheVCAT,whichisheldinYear5beforeparticipatingclinicalrotation.ThechairpersonsofthecommoncommitteesandthedirectoroftheVTHsallholdaveterinarydegree. OrganisationofSVM/HUandDVM/OUThedetailedorganisationalchartofeachlocationisshowninAppendix2and3.SapporoBriefly,FacultyofVeterinaryMedicineconsistsoftwodivisions;oneistheDivisionofVeterinaryMedicineandtheotheristheVeterinaryTeachingHospital(VTH).TheDivisionofVeterinaryMedicineconsistsofsixdepartmentsincludingBasicVeterinarySciences,DiseaseControl,EnvironmentalVeterinarySciences,Applied

VetNorth Japan CouncilPresidents of HU & President of OU

Organisational diagram of VetNorth Japan

VetNorth Japan

VetNorth Japan Executive BoardVetNorth Japan Dean

Deans of SVM/HU and DVM/OU

Joint Committees of VetNorth Japan Representative faculty members from SVM/HU & DVM/OU

DVM/OU

–Obihiro–

FacultyMeetings,

Committees&

Working Groups

SVM/HU

–Sapporo–

Faculty Meetings,

Committees&

Working Groups

International Accreditation

VCAT (CBT & OSCE)

Advanced Education

Portal Site

VetNorth Japan Advisory PanelExternal stakeholders

&StudentRepresentatives

Program Executive BoardRepresentative professors from SVM/HU and DVM/OU

Quality Assurance

Student Union Student Union

Academic Affairs

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VeterinarySciences,PreventiveVeterinaryMedicine,andClinicalSciences.TheteachingstaffattheVTHconsistsofallacademicstaffmembersandresidentsintheDepartmentofClinicalSciencesandtheVTHDivision. Importantissuesinthefacultyaredeliberatedanddecidedinmonthlyfacultymeetings.ThemembersofthefacultymeetingsincludetheSVM/HUdean,vicedean,professors,associateprofessorsandlecturers.Assistantprofessorsarealsoabletoattendthefacultymeeting.Tostrengthenthehearingfromjunioracademicstaff,SVM/HUdeanestablishedDeanSupportingCommitteewhichconsistsofoneprofessorandjuniorassociateandassistantprofessors.Inaddition,SVM/HUdeanconvenesthefacultyassemblyinSapporoseveraltimesayeartodiscusstheannualbudgetofthefacultyamongotheragendas.ThefacultyassemblyinSapporoisameetingthatinvolvesallacademicstaff,includingassistantprofessors.ObihiroTheVNJeducationprogrammeisdeterminedbythefacultymembersoftworesearchdivisions–VeterinarySciencesandClinicalVeterinaryMedicine-aswellastheacademicstafffromVeterinaryMedicalCenter(VMC),DiagnosticCenterforAnimalHealthandFoodSafetyandNationalResearchCenterforProtozoanDiseases. ThefacultymembersofOUalsoassembleattwotypesofmonthlymeetings,theVeterinaryMedicineProgrammemeetingandtheDepartmentMeeting.Theyincludeallacademicstaff(professors,associateprofessors,lecturersandassistantprofessors)whoareresponsibleforthecoresubjectsoftheVNJeducationprogramme.Theydeliberateeducationalandrelatedsubjectsintheformermeetingandresearch-relatedissuesinthelattermeeting.Allinformationandresultsaresharedwitheachotheratbothmeetings.1.1.6.DescriptionofhowandbywhothestrategicplanandtheorganisationoftheEstablishmentaredecided,communicatedtostaff,studentsandstakeholders,implemented,assessedandrevisedSincetheVNJhasajointfacultyfromtwouniversities,proceduresfordecision-making,communication,assessmentandrevisionofstrategicplansareconductedattheVNJ-levelandateachuniversity. EachnationaluniversityinJapandrawspreparesitssix-yearmid-termgoalsforstrategicplansandsetoperationalplanstoenhanceadministrativeautonomyandachieveadistinctivepresence,thuscarryingoutstrategicuniversitymanagement.TheVNJ’sstrategicplanintendstoreflectthestrategicplansofbothuniversities.Duetothedifferenceinstructurebetweentheuniversities,thecommunicationprocessesateachuniversityarealsodistinct. Universitylevel SapporoTheSVM/HUdeandiscusseswithmembersoftheFacultySteeringCommitteehowtocomposetheSix-YearTerm

StrategicPlanforeducationandresearch.TheSVM/HUdeanconvenesthefacultyassemblytocollectopinionsfromthefacultystaffincludingthejuniorstaff.TheSVM/HUdeansubmitsthestrategicplantotheExecutiveOfficeforPlanningandManagementoftheuniversity.TheBoardofExecutivesapprovesthestrategicplanandfinallysubmitsittoMEXT.TheSVM/HUdeanreportstheexecutionstatusofthestrategicplanfortheVNJtotheEvaluationOfficeofHUannually.Afterreviewingthereport,theEvaluationOfficesendsthereporttotheuniversitypresident.Inthethirdyearofthestrategicplan,thepresidentconvenesameetingoftheBoardofExecutivestoevaluatetheexecutionreport.Accordingtotheresultsoftheirevaluation,theSVM/HUdeanconvenesaFacultySteeringCommitteetomakeanimprovedstrategicplanandexecuteit.ObihiroThedean,universityvicedirectors,thedirectorofeachcentersandseveralprofessorsappointedbythepresidentareresponsibleformakingthestrategic(theSix-YearTermStrategicPlan)andoperationalplansbasedontheuniversity’spriorities.TheseplansareapprovedbytheExecutiveOffice,whichconsistsofthepresident,twoexecutivevicepresidentsforeducationandresearchandthedirectorgeneral.Everythreemonths,theprogressoftheplansisreportedtothepresidentasawrittendocument.Everyhalf-year,theExecutiveOfficemeetswiththedean,vicedirectorsoftheuniversityanddirectorsofthecenterstoexchangeopinionsabouttheprogressoftheoperationalplans.AttheendoftheFY,thepresidentreceivestheannualreportsthathavebeensubmittedfromeachsectionandevaluatestheoutcomes.University’sSix-YearTermStrategicPlanhttps://www.obihiro.ac.jp/navi-evaluationVNJlevel ThedraftoftheVNJstrategicplan,whichismadebasedonaSWOTanalysis,isfirstdiscussedbytheFacultyMeetingatbothlocations.TheProgrammeExecutiveBoardrevisestheplanandreleasesittotheVNJExecutiveBoard.TheExecutiveBoardfinalizestheplan,followedbytheapprovaloftheVNJCouncil. Decisionsarecommunicatedtofacultymembersandsupportstaffusuallythroughinternalmailing,regularandon-demandmeetingsandFD/SDseminars. ThestrategicplansareimplementedbytheVNJfacultymembers,whereasrelevantcommittees,theProgrammeExecutiveBoardassessandreviseprogressandoutcomestatements.

1.2. Comments TheobjectivesandmissionoftheVNJforveterinaryeducationanditsimprovementareprimarilybasedonthecooperativeeducationframeworkforthetwoveterinaryschools.

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Bothveterinaryschoolshaveprominentacademicstaffdealingwitheducationandresearch.Theyworkinvariousfieldsofveterinarymedicineandscienceandareexperts,recognizedbytheirglobalscientificcommunities.Unifyingthestafffromthetwoveterinaryschools,therefore,iskeytopursuingourgoalsforveterinaryeducationanditsimprovementattheVNJ.Tomaintainandstrengthentheirharmonization,weaimtocontinuethemonthlymeetingsoftheProgrammeExecutiveBoardandtheannualVNJJointFacultyAssembly. TheVNJhasanadvantageinveterinaryeducationduetotheenvironmentalcircumstancesofHokkaido.HUislocatedinSapporo,thefifthlargestcityinJapan,whichenablesHUtohavealargenumberofcompanionanimalcases.Ontheotherhand,ObihiroisinTokachiDistrict,whichisamajorfood/livestockproductionarea.Hokkaidohasawonderfulnaturalenvironmentwithavarietyofwildlife,towhichwemayhaveaccesssuitableenvironmentalresourcesforveterinaryeducationwithinthe‘OneHealth’philosophy.

1.3. Suggestions for improvement Toreducetheadverseeffectsofdistance(e.g.costandtimerequiredfortransportation),weneedtofurtherrenovateoperatingproceduresandourcurriculum.InJapan,subsidiestonationaluniversitiesforeducationandresearchcontinuetodeclineyearbyyear.TheVNJneedstomakesignificanteffortstoobtainsubsidiesforasustainableveterinaryeducationsystem.Weshouldreinforceoureffortstocollaboratewithcompaniesandregionalgovernmentsandaskfordonationsforbothuniversities.Basedonqualityassuranceprinciples,wewillpromotecommunicationatvariousoperatinglevels.Itwillbedonewithfacultymembersandconsiderthepointsofviewsofstudentsandexternalstakeholders.OurfirststudentsundertheVNJcurriculum(Curriculum2012)graduatedinMarch2018.WebeganrevisingtheCurriculum2012forcontinuousimprovementwithinternalandexternalstakeholders.

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Standard 2: Finances 2.1. Factual Information (Findings) 2.1.1.DescriptionoftheglobalfinancialprocessoftheEstablishmentSapporo(Appendix 7)Themainbudgetsourcesfortheestablishmentarethe“SubsidiesforNationalUniversities”fromMEXT,projectsubsidiesandresearchgrants.TheSubsidiesforNationalUniversitiesthatHUreceivedareallocatedbythePresidenttofacultiesbasedonarequestandappraisalprocess(http://www.hokudai.ac.jp/jimuk/reiki/reiki_honbun/u010RG00000477.html).ThesubsidyforNationalUniversitiesfacultiesreceivecanbeusedasordinaryexpensesformanagingfaculty.EachrelevantcommitteeintheveterinaryschoolsubmitsbudgetrequeststothedeanofSVM/HU.Thedeanmakesadraftbudget,withtheBudgetCommitteeofthefaculty,byconsideringcommittees’requestsandtransferringthedraftbudgettotheFacultyMeeting.Then,thedraftbudgetisdiscussedandapprovedbytheFacultyMeeting.ThebudgetexecutionisreviewedattheFacultyAssembly,ensuringefficientexpenditure. MostoftheprojectsubsidiesatthefacultyarefundedbyMEXTandareusedspecificallyforeachproject’sobjectives.Projectleadersmaketheirbudgetswhilesteeringcommitteesdiscussandapprovethebudgets.ProjectleadersreportthebudgetexecutiontoHUthroughtheSVM/HUdean.HUsendsthereportstoMEXT.ProgrammeofficersorMEXT-assignedevaluationcommitteesannuallyreviewthereportsandrecommendimprovementsifnecessary.ResearchgrantsatHUarefundedbyMEXT,MinistryofHealth,LabourandWelfare(MHLW),MinistryofAgriculture,ForestryandFisheries(MAFF),JapanAgencyforMedicalResearchandDevelopment(AMED),JapanInternationalCooperationAgency(JICA)andotherministries/organisations/companies. AllresearchgrantsareallocatedtoHU,whichHUthentransferstotheprincipalresearchersresponsibleforthebudgetexecution.Principalresearchersrenderfinancialstatementsandsendthemtorelevantministries/organisations/companiesthroughtheSVM/HUdeanandHU.TheAnnualFinanceReportincludesinformationonexpenditureandrevenueswhileseparatelydescribingpersonnel,operating,maintenanceandequipmentcosts. Obihiro(Appendix 8)Theuniversity’sannualbudgetisadoptedforthefiscalyearbeginningon1Aprilandendingon30March.TheprocessforthebudgetplanandallocationisshowninAppendix8.

MainsourcesofrevenuesforDVM/OUarethe“SubsidiesforNationalUniversities”,projectsubsidies,andexternalresearchgrants.MEXTrefinesannualsubsidies,andthentheuniversity’sExecutiveOffice,whichconsistsofthePresident,ExecutiveVicePresidentsandDirectorGeneral,decidestheallocationofbudgettoeachdepartment. TheglobalfinancialprocessatOUisconsistentwiththeRegulationforBudgetManagement(https://education.joureikun.jp/obihiro/act/frame/frame110000138.htm).First,thepresidentreleasesanannualbudgetplanningpolicy,whichsetstheframeworkfortheuniversity’sstrategicplan.Basedonthispolicy,theFinanceSectionpreparesanannualbudgetimplementationplan.EachunitsubmitsabudgetrequestforthenextfiscalyeartothepresidenteveryJanuary.AbudgethearingisheldbytheexecutivevicepresidentsandtheFinanceDivisionsothattheycanarriveatapreciseunderstandingoftherequests.Theserequestsareconsideredtoformaplan.ThebudgetplanisrevisedbytheUniversityExecutiveOffice,whosemembersincludethePresident,ExecutiveVicePresidentsandDirectorGeneral.TheManagementCommittee,whichincludesexternalexpertsandtheBoardofDirectors,mustapprovetheplan,thenthepresidentfinalizesitanddecidesonthebudgetallocation. ThefinancialchartofSVM/HU’sandDVM/OU’stotalexpendituresandrevenuesisshowninAppendix 9 aswellasinTable2.1.1-2.1.3.2.1.2.DegreeofautonomyoftheEstablishmentonthefinancialprocess Sapporo ThesubsidiesforNationalUniversitiesareallocatedfromtheuniversity’sHeadquarterstotheSVM/HU.Thesesubsidiescanbeusedforavarietyofactivitiesineducationandresearch.TheSVM/HUdeanisresponsibleformakingthebudgetplanforboththefacultyandGraduateSchools.ObihiroThesubsidiesforNationalUniversitiesareallocatedtotheDVM/HU.Thesesubsidiescanbeusedforavarietyofactivitiesineducationandresearch.TheDVM/HUdeanhasafairamountoffreedomwithwhichtoplanthebudgetfromthesesubsidies.2.1.3.%ofoverheadtobepaidtotheofficialauthorityoverseeingtheEstablishmentonrevenuesfromservicesandresearchgrants SapporoTheHUheadquaterstakesfive%oftheincomefromtheVTHthroughthefaculty.Ninety-five%oftheVTH’sincomeisusedforoperatingandmanagingtheVTH.Theoverheadpercentageforeachresearchgrantvaries,dependingongrantrulesandcangoupto30%(the

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Universityandveterinaryschooltake50%oftheoverhead,each).ObihiroThepercentageofoverheadtobepaidtotheUniversityisasfollows:researchfunding(30%)andclinicalanddiagnosticservice(0%,nooverhead).2.1.4.Annualtuitionfeefornationalandinternationalstudents Ingeneral,theannualtuitionfeeforanationaluniversityinJapanissetbyeachuniversity,basedonthestandardamountstipulatedinArticle2oftheMinisterialOrdinanceonTuitionandOtherExpensesatNationalUniversities,undertheprovisionsofArticle22-3oftheNationalUniversityCorporationAct(ActNo.112of2003).TheannualtuitionfeesforHUandOUarebasedonthisstandard.Theannualtuitionfeeforundergraduatestudentsisapprox.4,228euros(535,800yen),regardlessofnationality. 2.1.5.Estimationoftheutilitiesandotherexpendituresdirectlypaidbytheofficialauthorityandnotincludedintheexpendituretables SapporoMostoftheestateandbuildingsintheVeterinaryUnitofHUaremaintainedbycentralfundsfromtheHU,andtheutilitycostsarepaiddirectlybytheestablishment’sAccountsSection.Thesecostsareincludedintheexpendituretables.Theutilitycostsforwater,electricityandgasin2017were50,096.16euros(6,347,184yen),526,857.09euros(66,752,793yen)and52,380.39euros(6,636,596yen),respectively. ObihiroMostoftheestateandthebuildingsaremaintainedbycentralfundsandfacilitymaintenancefees(includingrepairs,utilities,waterpurificationandcleaning)arepaiddirectlybytheofficialauthority.Thesecostsareincludedintheuniversity’soverallbudget.2.1.6.Listoftheon-goingandplannedmajorinvestmentsfordeveloping,improvingand/orrefurbishingfacilitiesandequipment,andoriginofthefunding Sapporo1）Ongoinginvestments・Quantitativereal-timePCRsystemandliquid

chromatography-massspectrometry(LC-MS)fortheestablishmentofCenterforDiagnosisandDiseaseControl(GrantfromMEXTforWorld-leadingInnovativeandSmartEducationProgram).

・ImprovementstotheClinicalSkillsLabs(SubsidyfromMEXTforthePromotionofFunctionalStrength).

・Recruitingnewclinicalandsupportstaffinpreparationfor a 24/7 equine emergency service. (Subsidy fromMEXTforspecialpurposes).

2)Plannedinvestments・Upgradingapaperlessmeetingsystem(Subsidyfrom

MEXTforthePromotionofFunctionalStrength).・Ahigh-fieldmagneticresonanceimaging(3TMRI)is

plannedfortheVTH(VTHincome).3)Completedinvestments

・Renovationofthee-learningroom(45seats,subsidyfromtheGrantfromMEXTforWorld-leadingInnovativeandSmartEducationProgram).

・Researchfacilityforfarmanimals(SubsidyfromMEXTforspecialpurposes).

・Research facility for infectious diseases and chemicalexposure (Subsidy from MEXT for the Promotion ofFunctionalStrength).

・Renovationof theanimal facility (Subsidy fromMEXTforspecialpurposes).Thefacilityincludesanatomyandnecropsyareas.

・Establishment of sixth laboratory room for commonuseofchemicalanalysisequipment.

・Renovationofremotelecturesystem(subsidyfromMEXTfortheSubsidyforNationalUniversityReformPlan).

・Establishmentofseconde-learningroom(tenseats,subsidyfromtheSubsidyforNationalUniversityReformPlan).

・Constructionofe-Portfoliosystemforgraduatestudents(GrantsfromMEXTfortheLeadingGraduateSchools).

・Advancedmedicalequipment.CTcoveredbyhospitalincomewhilethefollowingwerepurchasedwithsubsidiesfromMEXT:alinearaccelerator(LINAC),orthovoltageX-raymachine,laparoscopicsurgerysystem,digitalvideorecordingsystemforsurgicalprocedures,cardiacultrasoundmachineandautomatedapheresissystem

・Advancedresearchequipment.ThefollowingwerepurchasedwithsubsidiesfromMEXT:isotope-ratiomassspectrometry(IRMS)system,visualcommunicationsystem,digitalslidescannersystem,ultra-high-resolutionscanningelectronmicroscope,transmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM),ionprotonsystemfornext-generationsequencing,cellsorter,confocallaserscanningmicroscope,biologicalcabinetX-rayirradiatorandGermaniumsemiconductordetectorforgamma-rayspectrometry.

Obihiro1) Ongoingandplannedinvestments・FormationofEducationandResearchCenterforFood

andAnimals(2015-2020)(SubsidyforNationalUniversityReformPlan)

・Installationofnewelectronicmedicalrecordsystemforthelargeanimalclinic

・ImprovementstotheClinicalSkillsLabs,15,153.91euros(1,920,000yen)(2018-2019)

2) Completedinvestments・Facilitationofclinicswithmodernclinicalequipment,

includinganMRIandCTforlargeandsmallanimals(2013-2015,SubsidyforNationalUniversityReformPlan)

・ConstructionofAnatomyandNecropsyfacilities(2014,SubsidiesforNationalUniversities,SubsidyforNationalUniversityReformPlan)

・ConstructionofaDiagnosticCenterforAnimalHealthandFoodSafety(2014-2015,SubsidiesforNationalUniversities,SubsidyforNationalUniversityReformPlan)

・ConstructionofaLargeAnimalClinic(LAC),

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hospitalizationwardforlargeanimalsandisolationunitforlargeandsmallanimals(2014-2015,SubsidyforNationalUniversityReformPlan)

・RecruitingnewclinicalandsupportstaffforstrengthenLACclinicalserviceincluding24/7equineemergencyservice.

・Equipementsforaspay/neuterservice ・ISO/IEC17025foraDiagnosticCenterandOIE

referencelaboratoriesfortheNationalResearchCenterforProtozoanDiseases(2016,SubsidyforNationalUniversityReformPlan)

・FSSC22000,ISO22000(2014-2016,FoodManagementSystemandFoodProcessing)forUniversityFarm(SubsidiesforNationalUniversities)

・On-campus accommodation facility for HU students(2016,SubsidiesforNationalUniversities)

2.1.7.Prospectedexpendituresandrevenuesforthenext3academicyears SapporoThemaintenancecostswillincreasebecauseoftheabove-mentionedconstructionprojects.TheVTHwillemployfivemoreassociateprofessorsin2019tostrengthentheclinicalserviceandeducation.Accordingly,thepersonnelcostswillincreaseinnext3years.TheamountoffundingfromtheJapanesegovernmentandMEXTfortheuniversity(‘Publicauthorities’inTable2.1.2)isprojectedtodecreaseby1.6%peryearinthenextfiveyearsforHokkaidoUniversity. Otherrevenuesourcesareasfollows:TworevenuesourcesfromMEXTwereobtainedin2018. � Therevenuein2018was2,196,353.59euros

(278,278,000yen)forthedoctoralprogrammeinWorld-leadingInnovative&SmartEducation(2018-2024);theamountmaychangeinthefollowingyears.

� FortheprojectsusingtheOfficialSubsidyforthePromotionofFunctionalStrength(2018-2021),therevenuein2018was793,804.26euros(100,575,000yen)andtheamountmaychangeinthefollowingyears.

ObihiroTheprospectedmajorrevenuesforDVM/OUarederivedfromthefollowingsources:・TheSubsidyforNationalUniversityReform

(PromotionofmanagementreformofNationalUniversityCooperation),1,031,633.78euros(130,708,000yen)(2018-2021).

・TheSubsidyfortheFormationoftheEducationandResearchCenterforFoodandAnimalHealth,14,546,006.31euros(1,842,979,000yen)(2016–2021),4,805,966.85euros(608,916,000yen)(2018-2021)willbeallocatedtoveterinaryeducationandresearch.

・Externalservicesprovidedbytheuniversity,including

thetuitionfee,smallandlargeanimalclinics,diagnosticserviceandsalesofagriculturalproducts.

・Inadditiontothefundingabove,theacademicstaffwillobtaingovernmentand/orprivateresearchfunds(seedetailinTable10.1.5).

2.1.8.Descriptionofhowandbywhoexpenditures,investmentsandrevenuesaredecided,communicatedtostaff,studentsandstakeholders,implemented,assessedandrevised SapporoTheSVM/HUdeandraftsthefinancialplanfortheestablishment,whichincludedanactionplanforasix-yearterm(thecurrenttermbeing2016-2021).TheplanisdiscussedandapprovedattheFacultyMeeting.TheplanissubmittedtotheuniversityandundergoesthebudgetappraisalprocessintheExecutive’soffice.ThedeanalsomakesadraftoftheannualbudgetandsettlementandthensendsittotheBudgetCommittee,whichconsistsofacademicandsupportstaff.ItisthenapprovedbythoseattheFacultyMeeting.ThebudgetisreviewedattheFacultyAssembly.TheVTHdirectorisresponsiblefordraftingthebudgetfortheVTHandsendingittotheAnimalHospitalSteeringCommittee,whichmeetsthreetimesayear.Thecommitteediscussesanddecidesonthebudget.TheFacultyMeetingreviewsandapprovestheVTHbudget.TheVTHmeeting,whichconsistsofaround20facultymembersfromtheClinicalDivisionandmeetsmonthly,reviewsthebudgetexecutionandpossibleimprovementstoit.TheVTHclinicalpracticeprofitsareusedtocoverVTHexpensesandmanagement;therefore,itsfinancialconditionisself-sufficient.Onceayear,theuniversityopensthefinancialreportstothepubliconitswebsiteandinabrochure(http://www.hokudai.ac.jp/pr/johokokai/pub/22jo/finance/).Thedetailedbudgetandsettlementreportforeachfacultyisalsocirculatedamongstfacultymembersandsupportstaffbutnotprovidedtothestudents.ObihiroAbudgetplan,includingexpenditures,investmentsandrevenues,isdeterminedbytheExecutiveOfficewhichconsistsofthepresident,executivevicedirectorsanddirectorgeneral,andtheFinancialSection.Itconsiderstheuniversity’smasterplanandthenatureofitsbudgetaswellasthebudgetrequestsfromfaculties,departmentsandothersections.Theinformationpertainingtoannualexpenditures,investmentsandrevenuesispresentedinayearlyfinancialreportbytheFinancialSectiontoprovideabroaderfinancialpicture.TheManagementCommitteeanalysesitandthen theDivisionHeadCommitteeapprovesit.Thereportisopentothepublicandcanbedownloadedviatheinternet(https://www.obihiro.ac.jp/corporation-info-finance).

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Table2.1.1.Annualexpendituresduringthelast3academicyears(inEuros) (Appendix9)1Euro=126.7Yen

Sapporo Areaofexpenditures 2018* 2017 2016 MeanPersonnel(permanent) 4,826,305.44 5,031,977.20 4,697,692.99 4,851,991.88 Personnel(temporary) 1,824,363.89 2,122,926.95 1,475,014.99 1,807,435.28 Operatingcosts 7,289,825.92 11,749,518.38 6,591,875.15 8,543,739.82 Maintenancecosts 285,914.42 219,288.65 625,316.29 376,839.79 Equipment 1,775,367.01 725,725.82 774,545.87 1,091,879.57 Totalexpenditures 16,001,776.68 19,849,437.00 14,164,445.29 16,671,886.34 Obihiro

Areaofexpenditures 2018* 2017 2016 MeanPersonnel 4,360,377.76 5,024,464.93 4,919,437.81 4,768,093.50 Operatingcosts 2,903,534.18 3,260,144.35 3,043,923.65 3,069,200.73Maintenancecosts 144,675.36 273,736.50 165,641.25 194,684.37 Equipment 205,205.19 239,724.59 301,004.40 248,644.73 Totalexpenditures 7,613,792.49 8,798,070.37 8,430,007.11 8,280,623.33

Valuesareroundedtotheclosestwholenumber. Themeanofthetotalexpendituresiscalculatedasthesumofthemeanofthethreeyears. *Thedataof2018isroughestimate.ThefixeddatawillbeprovidedafterthesettlementdateofFY2018.Table2.1.2.Annualrevenuesduringthelast3academicyears(inEuros)(Appendix9) 1Euro=126.7YenSapporo Revenuessource 2018*3 2017 2016 MeanPublicauthorities*1 6,817,384.74 13,198,971.35 5,156,005.64 8,390,787.24 Clinicalservices 3,049,616.00 3,046,378.60 3,147,011.92 3,081,002.17 Diagnosticservices 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Otherservices 2,123,657.62 2,060,495.16 2,342,501.64 2,175,551.47 Researchgrants 3,877,541.65 3,348,618.78 3,459,823.40 3,561,994.61 ContinuingEducation*2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Donations 298,333.58 414,583.01 354,617.52 355,844.70Othersources(balancecarriedforwardfromthepreviousyear,etc) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Totalrevenues 16,166,533.59 22,069,046.90 14,459,960.12 17,565,180.19 Obihiro

Revenuessource 2018*3 2017 2016 MeanPublicauthorities 4,931,579.71 5,992,725.24 5,184,299.10 5,369,534.68 Tuitionfee(standardstudents) 1,163,295.75 1,164,272.83 1,112,286.49 1,146,618.36 Clinicalservices 744,599.00 643,133.54 553,548.65 647,093.73 Diagnosticservices 59,124.44 59,709.08 54,616.42 57,816.65 Otherservices 134,439.68 498,557.16 434,562.96 355,853.27 Researchgrants 1,214,870.64 1,417,081.97 1,197,942.60 1,276,631.74 ContinuingEducation*2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Donations 603,607.98 631,664.61 645,812.63 627,028.41 Othersources(balancecarriedforwardfromthepreviousyear,etc) 0.00 0.00 215,193.77 71,731.26

Totalrevenues 8,851,517.20 10,407,144.43 9,398,262.62 9,552,308.10 Valuesareroundedtotheclosestwholenumber. Themeanofthetotalexpendituresiscalculatedasthesumofthemeanofthethreeyears.*1:Thisrevenueincludesthepersonnelcosts,tuitionfeeandpartsoftheSubsidiesforNationalUniversities,allofwhichareallocated

fromHUHeadquarterstotheSVM/HU.*2:NochargesforthecontinuingeducationthatSVM/HUandOUoffer. *3:Thedataof2018isroughestimate.ThefixeddatawillbeprovidedafterthesettlementdateofFY2018.

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Table2.1.3.Annualbalancebetweenexpendituresandrevenues(inEuros)(Appendix9)

1Euro=126.7YenSapporo Academicyear Totalexpenditures Totalrevenues Balance2018* 16,001,776.68 16,166,533.58 164,756.90 2017 19,849,437.01 22,069,046.90 2,219,609.89 2016 14,164,445.30 14,459,960.12 295,514.82

Obihiro

Academicyear Totalexpenditures Totalrevenues Balance2018* 7,613,792.49 8,851,517.19 1,237,724.702017 8,798,070.36 10,407,144.42 1,609,074.062016 8,430,007.10 9,398,262.62 968,255.52 *Thedataof2018isroughestimate.ThefixeddatawillbeprovidedafterthesettlementdateofFY2018.

2.2. Comments MEXTprovidedfinancialsupportbyallocatingthe“SubsidyforNationalUniversityReformPlan”fortheVNJtoimprovetheveterinaryeducationonboththelocalandinternationallevel(FY2012-2017).SVM/HU:10,158,934.49euros,OU:8,891,539euros,respectively.Thefundwasusedtoinstallthelatesteducationalfacilities(includingtheequipmentforclinicalservices,IT-relatedimprovements,suchasthedevelopmentofbi-directionalremotelecturesystemande-learningsystem),purchaseresearchequipmentanddeveloptheeducationalenvironment.

Thefundwasprovideduntilthefiscalyear2017.BothSVM/HUandOUacquiretheanotherpublicfundingtoaffecttheforsufficientrunningcostsofequipment,personnelcosts,transportationandaccommodationforstaffandstudents,thosearerequiredforsustainingtheprogramme. 2.3. Suggestions for improvement ThegradualdeclineintheMEXTsubsidiestothenationaluniversitiesisexpectedtocontinueinthefuture. Therefore,thefacultymustcontinuetoobtaininternalandexternalfundsformaintainingthequalityofeducationandresearch.

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Standard 3: Curriculum 3.1. Factual Information (Findings) 3.1.1.DescriptionoftheeducationalaimsandstrategyinordertoproposeacohesiveframeworkandtoachievethelearningoutcomeEducationalAimsTheVNJprogrammeaimstoprovideaworld-classveterinaryeducationbyjoiningthehighereducationfacultiesandfacilitiesofHUandOU.TheVNJprogrammecombinesthestrengthsandadvantagesofthetwoveterinaryschools.Theideaofthisuniquecooperativeeducationprogrammeisbasedonacomplementaryteachingframeworkthatrespondstowiderpublicinterests.Itisunderpinnedbythestrengthsanddistinctivenessoftheeducationalandresearchresourcesateachoftheuniversities. Ourmissionistobenefitsocietyandtheenvironmentbyprovidingveterinaryprofessionalswithasolidfoundationofknowledge,skillsandethics.Theywillcontributetothepromotionofthehealthandwelfareofbothanimalsandhumans.OurprimaryeducationalobjectivesaredescribedinStandard1. VNJ’sdiplomapolicyWetrainourstudentstobeveterinarianswithafirmsenseofmission,ethicalperspective,intelligence,creativityandhumanity:・Theywillacquireknowledgeandtechniquesforthe

preventionof,aswellasfordiagnosticsandtherapeuticsagainst,animaldiseases,andforpromotionofanimalandpublichealth.

・Theywillacquireknowledgeandtechniquesformaintainingastablefoodsuppliesandsafetyaswellaspreventinginternationaltransboundaryanimaldiseases.

・Theywillacquireknowledgeandtechniquesthatwillplacethemattheleadingedgeoflifesciencesandveterinarymedicineresearch.

GlobalEducationalStrategyThesix-yearcurriculumwasbuilttopreparestudentsforveterinaryroles,asdefinedinthecompetency-basedframework.OurcohesiveframeworkhelpstheVNJcurriculumachieveourlearningoutcomesandconsistsoffivepillars.1. VeterinaryMedicineModelCoreCurriculum

(VMMCC)(Appendix 10)TheVMMCCisacomprehensivesubject-specificlearningoutcomecatalogue(https://www.jaeve.org/cur/).Itcovers51theoreticalsubjectsand19practicalsubjects,whichcorrespondtotwo-thirdsoftheentireveterinarycurriculum.TheVNJcurriculumadherestotheVMMCC,asitguidestheminimumrequirementsofstandardeducationstudentsmustmeetbygraduation.ThelearningoutcomesstatementintheVMMCCrepresentsthecapabilitiesandcompetenciesexpectedofeverygraduateofveterinaryschoolsinJapan.Implementing

theVMMCCisonemethodofqualityassuranceinveterinaryeducation. OurcorecurriculumisdesignedinaccordancewithVMMCCandEU-listedsubjectstoachievetheESEVTDayOneCompetences(Table3.1.2,Appendix 11 and 12).2. VeterinaryCommonAchievementTest(VCAT)TheVCATisanationallydefinedveterinarycommonachievementtest,whichhasbeenimplementedbythenon-profitorganisationVeterinaryEducationSupportOrganisation(vetESO)since2017toqualifyveterinarystudents’preclinicalcompetencies.ThevetESOprovidesandoverseesafair,standardizedformatforassessingpre-clinicalcompetencies.Thetestisheldpriortotheclinicalyears(Year5),andemploysbothComputer-BasedTesting(vetCBT,atotalof300multiplechoicequestions)toassessknowledgeandObjectiveStructuredClinicalEvaluation(vetOSCE)toassessbasicclinicalskills.StudentswhopasstheVCATcanparticipateinclinicalrotations.TheVCATinformationisavailabletothepublic. vetESO:http://veteso.or.jp/exam/index.html3. ComplementaryClinicalRotationsAshortageoflargeanimalcasesatveterinaryschoolsinurbanareashasbecomeachallengeinJapaneseveterinaryeducation,andtheoppositesituationisobservedinveterinaryschoolslocatedinsmallpopulationareas.Asdescribedin“Introduction”and“Standard1”,weoperateauniquerotationsystem,whichtakesadvantageofeachuniversity'slocation,specialties,strengthsandcharacteristicsforourstudents. HU’sVTHreceivesmanycompanionanimalcases(thesecondlargestcaseloadinJapanesenationalveterinaryschools).Thecaseloadforfood-producinganimalsandequinesatOUVTHisthelargestamongVTHsofnationalveterinaryschoolsinJapan.OU’sVTHforsmallanimalsacceptsmanyprimarycasesinadditiontoreferralcases.Thiscomplementaryclinicalrotationrequiresthemovementofstudentsbetweenthetwocities. 4. TutorialResearchResearch-basedlearningengagesstudentsindiscovery-oriented,activelearningandproblem-solvingandhelpsthemtodeveloplogical,critical-thinkingandcommunicationskills.Throughthisadvancedcourse,studentsacquireskillsinbasicandadvancedresearchmethods/techniques,scientificwriting,presentationanddiscussion.Theirthesesandoralpresentationsarereviewedandevaluatedbytheacademicstaffmembers.Thebenefitsofthisexperiencearenotspecifictolaboratoryresearchandareexpectedtohelpthestudentstocultivatelifelonglearningskillsinallveterinarydisciplines. 5. Third-PartyQualityAssuranceEvaluation&

InternationallyStandardizedVeterinaryEducationToensurethequalityofoureducation,wewillapplyveterinary-specializedQAinadditiontoperiodicalexternalQAatinstitutionallevels.Toprovideahigh-qualityeducationforourstudents,wewillcontinueto

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improvethefacilities,educationalresourcesandqualityofteachingandlearningaswellastheprogramme.TheVNJprogrammehasbeenrefinedoverseveralyearstomeetnationalandinternationalstandardsincludingEUDirective2005/36/EC.Assessinglearningoutcomesiscriticaltoensuringourgraduates’competencies.InadditiontothesummativeandformativeassessmentofeachsubjectandtheVCAT,thenationalexaminationforveterinarylicence(JuishiKokkaShiken)offersafinalassessmentofveterinaryeducation.Theexaminationispaper-basedandconductedovertwodaysbyMAFF.Applicantswhocompleteundergraduateveterinaryeducationcantaketheexamination.Thosewhopassthisexaminationaregrantedanationallicenceforveterinariansandqualifyforfurtherprofessionaltraining. 3.1.2.Descriptionofthelegalconstraintsimposedoncurriculumbynational/regionallegislationsandthedegreeofautonomythattheEstablishmenthastochangethecurriculum Veterinaryeducationmustbecomprisedofsixyearsofstudy,asestablishedbytheBasicActonEducation.TheStandardsfortheEstablishmentofUniversities(SEU)statesthatatotalof182creditsistheminimumrequirementforgraduationinveterinaryeducationandthattheuniversityisautonomousindevelopingitscurriculumandcontent. InNovember2008,MEXTrevisedtheStandardsfortheEstablishmentofUniversities.Alegalframeworkcalledthe“CooperativeEducationProgram”wascreatedtoallowmultipleuniversitiestoprovideeachotherwitheducationalresourcesandtomakeitpossibletoutilizesuchresourceseffectively(MEXTOrdinanceNo.35,2008). Inadditiontosuchnationallegislation,approximately70%oftheeducationatveterinaryschoolsmustadheretotheVMMCC(see3.1.1).Theremaindercanbecomposedofsubjectsthatutilizethespecificstrengthsandsocialneedsofeachuniversity.ThecurrentVNJcurriculum(Curriculum2012)consistsof200credits(correspondingto360ECTS),whichcomplieswiththeVMMCC.HUoffers44creditsandOUoffers38creditsinthecooperativeeducationprogramme.Thelistofallcoresubjects(Appendix11)andtheVNJcurriculummapareshowninFigure3.1. 3.1.3.Descriptionofhowcurricularoverlaps,redundancies,omissionsandlackofconsistency,transversalityand/orintegrationofthecurriculumareidentifiedandcorrected. Becauseaveterinarycurriculumconsistsofagreatdealofcontentandishighlyintegratedacrossdisciplines,curricularproblemscanbedifficulttoaccuratelydetect. Curricularoverlaps,redundancy,omissionsandinconsistencieswerediscussedbytheVNJacademicstaffaspartoftheinitialcurriculumdevelopment.

Curriculummappingalsohelpstounderstandthevertical,horizontal,disciplinaryandinterdisciplinarycoherenceofthecurriculum(Figure3.1).Itisalsousefulforidentifyinghoweachlearningoutcomeisassessedatthedifferentstagesofthecurriculum. Academicstaffcanaccessthesyllabi(Appendix 13)andeducationalcontentofotherrelatedclassesontheVetPortalwebsite,aweb-basedclasssupportingsystem(seedetailinStandard6).Byusingthekeywordsearchfunction,academicstaffcanretrieveasetofsearchresultstoidentifypossibleoverlapsandomissionsintheirclasscontent.Theacademicstafffindssuchproblems,andthentheycoordinatetoresolvesuchissueswiththerelevantstaffandcounterparts. SeriousproblemsarereportedtotheAcademicAffairsCommitteeandtheProgrammeExecutiveBoardtodiscussaresolution.CurricularproblemsaresharedattheFacultyMeetingofeachuniversityandattheannualVNJJointFacultyAssembly.Studentfeedbackisanimportantsourceforidentifyingunnecessaryoverlapsorotherproblemsinthecurriculum.Thecommentsonstudentevaluationsarereleasedtoeachfacultymemberandareusedasoneofthetoolsforcurriculumimprovement.Thecourse/subjectcoordinatorhastheresponsibilitytominimizeoverlapsandconsistencyissues.Thecurriculum’scontent,designandsubjectallocationaretheresponsibilityoftheAcademicAffairsCommittee,whichmeetsmonthlytodiscussandreviewthecurriculum. 3.1.4.Descriptionofthecoreclinicalexercises/practicals/seminarspriortothestartoftheclinicalrotations Year1InsubjectsofIntroductoryeducationforveterinarymedicine,studentslearnhandlingandrestraint,animalbehaviourofmajordomesticanimalspecies(cattle,pig,sheep,horse,poultry),farmbiosecurity,milking,theslaughterprocessofpigs,andfoodprocessingofdairyandmeatproducts. Year2-5Theclinicaltrainingthattakesplacebeforetheclinicalrotation. ClinicalExaminationTraining:bloodtests(bloodcelltests,biochemicaltests,andendocrinetests),urine,faecal,biopsy,cardiacfunction,dermatologicalandneurologicaltestsDiagnosticImagingTraining:diagnosticimagingmethodsincludingX-rays,ultrasound,MRIandCT InternalMedicineTraining:diagnosticprocedures,historytaking,physicalexaminations,properuseofvariousclinicalexaminations,medicalrecords,informedconsent,drugadministrationmethodsandmajorclinicalsignsanddifferentialdiagnosesforrepresentativediseasesofcardiovascular,respiratory,gastrointestinal,urological,

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integumentary,endocrine,blood,skeletalandnervoussystems/organsSurgeryTraining:preparationforsurgery,ligatureandclosuretechniques,anaesthesia,skinincisiontechniques,intra-abdominalsurgerytechniques,orthopaedicexaminationtechniques,bandagingtechniquesandfracturerepairtechniques,andhooftrimmingforfarmanimals(cattle).TheriogenologyTraining:rectalpalpation,artificialinsemination,oestrusdetection,pregnancydiagnosis,genitaldiseasediagnostictechniquesforfarmanimals(cattle/horses),embryocollectionandtransfer,vaginalcytology,andgenitaldiseasediagnostictechniquesandreproductivemanagementincludinganalysisofreproductiverecords.CommunicationTraining:basictheoryofcommunicationskills,historytaking,clientcommunicationinsmallandlargeanimalpractices,communicationwithco-medicalsandcolleagues. 3.1.5.Descriptionofthecoreclinicalrotationsandemergencyservicesandthedirectinvolvementofundergraduatestudentsinit1. Timing,groupsizeperteacherofcoreclinicalrotation

(seeclinicalrotationtable(p23)andAppendix 14)

Smallanimals(6weeks,6credits) (Sixweeksintotal:FourweeksatHU’sVTHandtwoweeksattheVTHofeachlocation)InYearFive,eightgroupsofstudents(maximumoftenpergroup)joinaclinicalrotationthroughtwodepartments(InternalMedicineandSurgery)atHU’sVTHforfourweeks.Atotaloffourteenfacultiesfrombothdepartmentssupervisethem(roughlyonestudentperfacultymember).AnadditionaltwoweeksareallocatedinYearSix.Largeanimals(4weeks,4credits) (Fourweekstotal: threeweeksatOU’sVTHandmobileclinicsandoneweekateachlocation)StudentsinYear5(40studentsfromHUand40studentsfromOU)musttakeparticipatoryclinicaltrainingforfarmanimals(dairycattle,beefcattle,horses,sheepandpigs).Thesizeofthegroupsisvariabledependingontheregisterednumberofstudents.Ingeneral,oneortwoclinicalstaffmember(s)takecareofonegroupsoffivetosevenstudents.Sometimesgroupsaresubdividedinclinicalrotation.Theaveragegroupsizeisthreetofourperoneclinicalstaffmember.Theyrotatethroughinternalmedicine,surgeryandtheriogenologyforfarmanimals.Eachacademicstaffmembersupervisesonetothreestudentsandthestudentscompletethreeweeks(3credits).AnadditionalweekisallocatedinYear5or6.Nightduty/emergency(2credits)Companionanimals:1.5credits Thenight/emergencydutyisconductedatintramural(HUVTH)andextramuralprivateclinic(alocalprivate

clinic,SapporoNightAnimalHospitalEmergencyandCriticalCare).StudentsworkfortwonightsatHU’sVTH(twostudentsperacademicstaffmemberandoneveterinarytechnician)andonenightattheprivateclinic.Oneacademicstaffmembertakestwostudentstotheclinic. Largeanimals:0.5creditsInadditiontothedailyduties,studentsparticipateinnightandemergencyservices.Emergencyrotation(threedays)isintegratedinthe4weeksoflargeanimalclinicalrotation.Studentsarerequiredtodonightdutyforonenight.Studentsareinvolvedinmonitoringthestatusofhospitalisedanimalsaswellasinemergencycares.Facultymembersandveterinariansondutysupervisethem.Adegreeofhands-onexperienceasopposedtoobservationisvariable,dependingonthecase.Weprovideasimulationcaseconferenceincasethatstudentsarenotexposedtoasufficientnumberofemergencycases. 2. ActivitiesandresponsibilitiesDuringtheirclinicalrotation,studentsparticipateinalltheworkattheVTH,underthesupervisionofveterinaryfacultyandotherstaffmembers.Theactivitiesandresponsibilitiesofstudentsvarybetweendepartmentsandclinicalservicesandshouldbecarriedoutinaccordancewiththe“GuidelinesforStudentsActivitiesinParticipatoryClinicalRotation”.Clinicalproceduresarecategorizedintothreelevels,dependingoninvasiveness:level1,low-invasiveclinicalprocedures,aretobeperformedbyordinary-levelstudents;level2,moderatelyinvasiveclinicalprocedures,aretobeperformedonlybyselected,capablestudents;andlevel3,highlyinvasiveprocedures,shouldnotbeperformedbystudents.Studentsperformtheseactivitiesunderthefaculty’sdirectandcarefulsupervision.

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3.1.6.Descriptionoftheteachinginslaughterhousesandinpremisesfortheproduction,processing,distribution/saleorconsumptionoffoodofanimalorigin Intra-muralOUhasitsownslaughterhouseandfoodprocessingfacilitiesoncampus(seedetailin4.1.4,p27). Fortheveterinarycurriculum,weusethesefacilitiesforthefollowingsubjects:SeminarinAgricultureandFarmAnimalScience(Year1)andPracticeinMeatHygiene(Year5).Duringthefirstyear,studentslearnabouttheslaughteringandmeatprocessingofpigs(40studentsperfourorsixacademicstaffmembers+fivetosixsupportstaffmembersincludingTA). Duringtherotationintheninthsemester(Year5),groupsoffivetotenstudentsperacademicstaffmemberundertakeoneweekoftraininginmeatinspection,includingcattleslaughtering,ante-andpost-morteminspections,microbiologicaltests,toxicologicaltests,pathologicalanalysesandBSEtests.ThetrainingisheldattheslaughterhouseandfoodprocessingpracticefacilityatOU.Extra-muralExcursionstopublicslaughterhousesandmeatprocessingplants,milkprocessingplantsoflocalprivatecompaniesandrenderingfacilitiesareconductedinpublichealthandfoodhygienecoursesduringthethirdandfourthyears(approximately40studentsheadedbytwofacultymembers). Underthecontractwithoneofthebiggestfoodcompany,students(Year3)areallowedtovisitthecommercialmegafarmsofpigandpoultry,slaughterhouse,andfoodprocessingplantsin“PracticeinAnimalHygiene”course.Thegroupsizeis13-14studentswithtwoacademicstaffmembers.UtilizingtheinternshipprogramofHokkaidoprefecture,westartedEPTofmeathygieneinspectionatthetwoslaughterhousesofHokkaidoprefecturein2018.Year5or6studentswhopassedtheVCATvisitedtheslaughterhousesandexperiencedthemeatinspection(cattleandpig)fortwodaysundertheguidanceoftheveterinaryspecialistsattheslaughterhouses.Althoughthecapacityislimited,atotalof13studentswereacceptedforthisFSQEPT. 3.1.7.DescriptionoftheselectionproceduresoftheElectivesbythestudentsandthedegreeoffreedomintheirchoiceTheVNJprogrammedoesnothaveatracksystem.Instead,weprovidestudentsAdvancedSeminars(Appendix 15)aselectivesubjectsinsixveterinaryfieldsincludingBasicVeterinaryMedicine,AppliedVeterinaryMedicine,Pathobiology,PublicHealth/FoodHygiene,ClinicalVeterinarySciences,InternationalVeterinaryMedicine.Studentschooseatleastoneseminar.Theseseminarsgivethemadeeperbackgroundinspecializedfieldsandenablethemtohavemorechoicesfortheirfuturecareers.

Studentshaveafairamountoffreedominchoosingmostoftheelectivesubjects.Somesubjects/coursesinAdvancedSeminarshaveafixednumberofparticipantsduetothelimitationsofequipmentorthecapacitiesoftheroomandstaff.Iftoomanystudentsselectonespecificsubject/course,thenthesubject/coursecoordinatorwilladjustthenumberofstudentsorarrangetoallocatestudentstoothersubjects.Ingeneral,theselectionofstudentsisbasedontheiracademicrecordsandinterests. 3.1.8.Descriptionoftheorganisation,selectionproceduresandsupervisionoftheEPTTheobligatoryEPTisa1credit(corresponding1week,45hourworkingload)self-directedandself-plannedinternship.Studentsarefreetochooseasupervisorandthelocationofexternalplacements.TheinformationoftheEPT/internshipisalsoprovidedbyanEPTlist,byanemail,VetPortal,oronabulletinboard.Therelevantsections(theAcademicAffairsSectionatSVM/HU,theStudentServicesSectionatOU)helpsstudentstofindanEPTplacement.Theacademicstaffalsoadvisestudents,basedontheirexpertise.OncestudentsselectasupervisorandlocationforEPT,theymustsubmitanEPTapplicationtotheacademicaffairsectionofeachuniversity.InadditiontotheobligatoryEPT,ourstudentsproactivelyjoinavarietyofinternshipprogrammestogainreal-lifeworkexperience. 3.1.9Descriptionoftheproceduresusedtoascertaintheachievementofeachcorepractical/clinicalactivitybyeachstudent ThecoresubjectsaredesignedtoobtainDayOneCompetences(Appendix11, 12). Differentproceduresareusedtoevaluatestudents’achievements,dependingonthenatureofthelearningoutcomesbeingassessed:1. Paper-basedassessmentsincludemultiplechoice

questions,shortanswertests,problem-solvingquestionsandessays/writtenreports.

2. Practicaltestsincludespottests,oralquestionsandperformance(skill)tests.Students’learningbehaviourisalsoconsidered.

3. Thereareoralpresentationsofindividualorgroupwork,groupdiscussions,andcasepresentations.

Duringtheclinicalrotation,therearemultipleproceduresforevaluatingeachstudent’sachievement:1. Logbooks(Appendix 16a) 2. Students’learningbehaviour3. Answerstooralquestions4. CaseLog(Appendix16b) 5. Rounddiscussion(twiceaweek) 6. Caseconference(onceaweek)7. Self-evaluationRecordofclinicalcompetences(which

willbeintroducedforYear5studentsin2019)(Appendix16c).

3.1.10.Descriptionofhowandbywhothecorecurriculumisdecided,communicatedtostaff,studentsandstakeholders,implemented,assessedandrevised

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Minorrevision(subjectlevel)Minorrevisionateachsubjectlevelisroutinelyimplementedbysubjectteachersduringacademicyear.SubjectCoordinatorisresponsibleforupdatingstudentsbyVetPortal,onlinesyllabus,orbyemail.Majorrevision(curriculumlevel)ThepresentVNJcurriculum(Curriculum2012)wasfirstdiscussedbetweentheacademicstaffmembersinthesamedisciplinesatbothuniversities.Detailspertainingtotheprogramme,suchastheeducationalcontent,settingsubjects,subjectallocation,ratiooflecturestoHands-ontrainingandtimetablesforeachyeargroup,werediscussedandfinalizedbythelocalandjointAcademicAffairsCommittee.Thejointcommitteeconsistsofrepresentativeacademicstaffmembersfrombothuniversities.Then,theproposedcurriculumwasexplainedanddiscussedattheFacultyMeetingofeachlocationandattheVNJJointFacultyAssembly.Feedbackfromstudentsaboutthepreviouscurriculumwastakenintoconsideration. TheAcademicAffairsCommitteemadeasystemicdecisionandfinalizedthecurriculumplan.TheplanisapprovedbytheProgrammeExecutiveBoardandTheVNJExecutiveBoard.AllchangesincoursecontentaresubjecttotheapprovaloftheProgrammeExecutiveBoard.Theminutesofeachmeetingareprovidedonpaperand/orelectronically.TheAcademicAffairsCommitteemonitorsandperiodicallyreviewstheVNJprogramme.Thiscommitteecollectsandanalysesinformationonthecurrentstatusofcurriculumoperations,studentassessment,classworkevaluationsbystudents,theuseofself-learningaids,suchasGlexaandClinicalSkillsLabs.ItthenrevisesandplansanamendedprogrammeforQA.Regardingcurricularinformation,wecommunicatewithstudentsviavariousmeans,includingthestudenthandbook,VetPortal,theportalsitesofeachuniversity,mailinglists,email,noticeboards,guidanceanddirectannouncementsfromfacultymembers.Programmeinformationisalsoprovidedonthewebsitesofbothuniversities,inbrochures,andatopen-campuseventsforprospectivestudents. 3.2. Comments Revisionofpresentcurriculum(Curriculum2019)Toensurecontinuingqualityandrelevanceofcourses,VNJformedanadhocCurriculumReviewCommitteein2017toreviewthepresentcurriculum.Thecommitteeconsistsoftheacademicstaffincludingjuniorstaffofbothuniversities.ItfunctionedasasubcommitteeundertheAcademicAffairsCommitteeandcollaboratedwithdepartments,facultymembersandstudentstoreviewandreportitsfindings.TheCurriculumReviewCommitteecollectedcommentsfromall

academicstaffandstudentsandconductedreviewprocess.Theoverlapsandomissionsofthesubjectswerecancelledandimprovedinthenewlyrevisedcurriculum.TheQAcommitteesupportedtocollectinputfromstakeholdersatAdvisoryPanel.TheCurriculumReviewCommitteereleasesitsrecommendationsforimprovementstothecurriculum.TheAcademicAffairsCommitteefinalizestherevisionofthecurriculumaccordingtotherecommendation.Inthisprocess,draftplansweresharedwithacademicstaffs,students,andstakeholderstocollectthefeedbackateverylevel. DayOneCompetencesListAsfocusingonlearningoutcomesbecomesmorecritical,wewillneedmoredetailsofthekeycompetenciestodesignourcourseseffectivelyandfosterstudents’proactivitytoachievetheirlearningoutcomes.Theadhocworkinggroupidentifiedanddefinedtheexpectedknowledgeandskills,andhavemadeaListofDayOneCompetencesandcorrespondingsubjects.The“VNJDayOneCompetencesList”forthenew2019curriculumwasapprovedbytheVNJJointFacultyAssemblyinMarch2019.WealsomadeaCompetencySelf-EvaluationRecordfortheassessmentofrequiredclinicalcompetencesinclinicalrotation.Studentsusethesheetasatoolforassessingtheircompetences,andtohelpidentifykeyareasoffocus.Wewillfurtherdevelopanewtoolformonitoringeachstudent’sacquisitionstatusofDayOneCompetences.Feedbackfromthegraduates Alumni-basedevaluationsareprogressivelyacknowledgedasanimportantpartoftheprocessofongoingcurriculumimprovement.In2018,theYear6studentsweresurveyedjustbeforetheirgraduation.Thesurveyresultsareanalysed,andsharedacrosstheacademicstaffofbothuniversitiesforqualityimprovementofourprogramme. 3.3. Suggestions for improvement Practicesinpoultryandpigfarms Accesstofarms,especiallypoultryandpigfarms,islimitedduetostrictbiosecuritymeasuresandrecentoutbreaksofcontagiousdiseases.Toexposestudentstotheindustrialoperationofpoultryandpigfarms,webegansendingstudentstocommercialfarmsincooperationwithfoodcompaniesin2017.Inadditiontothis,DVM/OUhasmadeacooperativeagreementwithObihiroAgricultureHighSchoolforfurtherexposuretopigandpoultrymedicine.Hands-ontrainingoftheseanimalspeciesatthehighschoolfarmsisbeingplanned. IntroducingStudents’PortfolioSystem Anelectricportfolioapproachtoacompetency-basedassessmentwillbediscussedasoneoftheassessmenttools.

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Table3.1.1.CurriculumhoursineachacademicyeartakenbyeachstudentOnecreditisequivalentto1.5-1.8ECTS.TheVNJcurriculumrequires200creditsinasix-yearprogramme(300–360ECTS). Approx.50to60ECTSperyear.

Year

Theoreticaltraining Supervisedpracticaltraining

Lectures SeminarsSelf-

directedlearning

Laboratory/desk-basedwork

Non-clinicalwork

Clinicalanimalwork

Other Total

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) (G) (H)Year1 660 30 0 45 135 0 0 870Year2 381 45 60 57 267 0 0 810Year3 450 0 30 279 102 24 24 909Year4 465 15 30 144 75 138 18 885Year5 120 0 6 48 48 33 0 255Year5-6 0 0 0 0 0 540 0 540Year2-6 45 45Total 2,076 90 126 573 627 735 87 4,314

TutorialResearch,SeminarinResearchandClinics

0 120 270 390

Total 2,076 210 2,418 4,704

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Table3.1.2.CurriculumhoursinEU-listedsubjectstakenbyeachstudentSubjects A B C D E F G H

BasicSubjectsMedicalphysics 9.0 30.0 39.0Chemistry(inorganicandorganicsections) 60.0 60.0Animalbiology,zoologyandcellbiology 60.0 45.0 105.0Feedplantbiologyandtoxicplants 45.0 45.0Biomedicalstatistics 30.0 15.0 45.0Totalnumberofhours 204.0 30.0 0.0 60.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 294.0BasicSciencesAnatomy,histologyandembryology 90.0 30.0 180.0 300.0Physiology 30.0 30.0 24.0 66.0 150.0Biochemistry 30.0 27.0 18.0 75.0Generalandmoleculargenetics 30.0 30.0Pharmacology,pharmacyandpharmacotherapy 75.0 9.0 36.0 120.0Pathology 30.0 30.0 36.0 9.0 105.0Toxicology 45.0 30.0 6.0 39.0 120.0Parasitology 60.0 39.0 3.0 3.0 105.0Microbiology 120.0 120.0 15.0 255.0Immunology 30.0 30.0Epidemiology 30.0 15.0 45.0Professionalcommunication*1 6.0 9.0 15.0Professionalethics 15.0 15.0Animalethology 15.0 15.0Animalwelfare 15.0 15.0Animalnutrition 30.0 30.0Totalnumberofhours 651.0 15.0 120.0 261.0 375.0 3.0 0.0 1425.0ClinicalSciencesObstetrics,reproductionandreproductivedisorders 60.0 21.0 12.0 12.0 105.0Diagnosticpathology 60.0 30.0 39.0 6.0 135.0Medicineandsurgeryincludinganaesthesiology 105.0 39.0 21.0 75.0 240.0Clinicalpracticaltraininginallcommondomesticanimalspecies 540.0 540.0Preventivemedicine 45.0 45.0Diagnosticimaging 21.0 18.0 27.0 66.0Stateveterinaryservicesandpublichealth 45.0 45.0Veterinarylegislation,forensicmedicineandcertification 15.0 15.0Therapyinallcommondomesticanimalspecies 75.0 75.0Propaedeuticofallcommondomesticanimalspecies 30.0 18.0 15.0 12.0 75.0Totalnumberofhours 411.0 0.0 30.0 135.0 54.0 711.0 0.0 1341.0AnimalProductionAnimalProductionandbreeding 90.0 90.0Economics*2 15.0 15.0Animalhusbandry 30.0 30.0Herdhealthmanagement 60.0 42.0 3.0 45.0 150.0Totalnumberofhours 195.0 0.0 0.0 42.0 3.0 45.0 0.0 285.0FoodSafetyandQualityInspectionandcontroloffoodandfeed 15.0 30.0 6.0 9.0 60.0Foodhygieneandfoodmicrobiology 30.0 27.0 9.0 9.0 75.0Practicalworkinplacesforslaughteringandfoodprocessingplants 9.0 6.0 14.0 68.0 24.0 121.0Foodtechnologyincludinganalyticalchemistry*3 6.0 12.0 18.0Totalnumberofhours 60.0 6.0 0.0 71.0 95.0 0.0 42.0 274.0ProfessionalKnowledgeProfessionalethics&behaviour(alsolistedin“BasicScience”) 15.0 15.0Veterinarylegislation(alsolistedinClinicalScience) 15.0 15.0Veterinarycertificationandreportwriting 6.0 3.0 3.0 6.0 18.0Communicationskills(alsolistedin“BasicScience”) 6.0 9.0 15.0

Practicemanagement&business 6.0 6.0Informationliteracy&datamanagement*4 30.0 30.0Totalnumberofhours 72.0 6.0 0.0 3.0 3.0 15.0 0.0 99.0

*1Taughtin“SeminarinVeterinaryCommunication”andatclinicalrotation.*2Thetopics,economicsinveterinarymedicine,clinicmanagementandeconomicimpactinherdhealth,aretaughtinthefollowingsubjects“PracticeinProductionMedicine”,“FarmAnimalManagement”andclinicalrotation.*3Taughtalsoatpartofthe“PracticeinMeatHygiene”and“FoodHygiene”,“BasicToxicology”,“EnvironmentalToxicology”

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*4Taughtinalso‘BiomedicalStatistics”and“TutorialResearch“

Table3.1.3a.CurriculumhoursaselectivesbyeachstudentElectivesubjects A B C D E F G HBasicSubjectsElementarySeminarinBiosciences 45.0 45.0 ZooScience 15.0 15.0 IntroductiontoEquineScience 30.0 30.0 MolecularBiology 30.0 30.0 SeminarinWildlifeBiology 15.0 9.0 36.0 60.0 EnvironmentalMicrobiology 30.0 30.0

BasicSciencesMedicalPhysiology 30.0 30.0 EnvironmentalMicrobiology 30.0 30.0 Biochemistry,CellularandMolecularBiology 45.0 45.0 ClinicalSciencesMedicalPhysiology 30.0 30.0 AnimalProductionAnimalBreeding 30.0 30.0 IntroductiontoFisheries 15.0 15.0 FoodSafetyandQualityNotApplicable ProfessionalKnowledge LawsConcerningAgri.AndLivestockFarming 30.0 30.0

Table3.1.3b.CurriculumhoursascompulsoryelectivesbyeachstudentSubject Theoreticaltraining Supervisedpracticaltraining Other TotalA B C D E F GAdvancedsubjectsTutorialResearch

0.0 120.0 530.0 270.0 0.0 920.0SeminarinResearchandClinicsAdvancedseminarsTotalnumberofhours 0.0 120.0 530.0 270.0 0.0 920.0

SeminarinResearchandClinics:Theseareself-directedlearningseminarswhichmeansstudentsattendseminars,studybythemselvesandmakepresentations.Studentsgatherinformationaboutthemesrelatedtotheresearchfields,laboratoryortutortowhichtheyareassignedandlearnhowtopresentfindings.AdvancedSeminars:Studentsattendseminarsgivenbytheirtutorsintheirspecialistfields.Studentsfreelyselectatleasttwoseminarsubjects.Studentsobtainawiderangeofappliedskills,suchasmethodsofanalysisanddiagnosis,throughfieldsrelatedtoresearchandstudy/medicalcare,andexperimentwithtechniquesandcutting-edgeequipmentinrelatedfields.Mostoftheadvancedseminars(year5to6)areheldoveraweek(somesubjectsrequireseveralweeks).DetailsareprovidedinAppendix15.

Table3.1.4.CurriculumdaysofExternalPracticalTraining(EPT)foreachstudentIntheVNJcurriculum,allstudentsmustcompleteamandatoryEPTsubject(academicEPT,1credit=1weekdurationinanyveterinaryfiled).

Table3.1.5.Clinicalrotationsunderacademicstaffsupervision(excludingEPT)

Types Listofclinicalrotations(Disciplines/Species) Duration Yearofprogramme

Intra-mural(VTH)Extra-mural(Mobileclinic)

SmallAnimalClinic 6weeks 5Nightshift/Emergency 2weeks 5or6LargeAnimalClinicincludingMobileClinics 4weeks 5

FSQ&VPH(Intra-mural)Milking,processingofdairyproducts,pigslaughter&meatprocessing 1monthforOU/1weekforHUstudents 1MeatHygienePractice(Cattle) 1week 5

FSQ&VPH(extra-mural) CommercialPoultry&PigFarm 2days 3Electives Aquaticanimalmedicine 1week 5or6 Zoo 1week 5or6

Table3.1.6.Optionalcoursesproposedtostudents(notcompulsory)Nooptionalcourses

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Standard 4: Facilities and equipment 4.1. Factual Information (Findings)4.1.1.Descriptionofthelocationandorganisationofthefacilitiesusedfortheveterinarycurriculum Thedirectdistancebetweenthetwouniversitycampusesisapproximately180km(Appendix 17 and 18).Publictransport,includingtheJRHokkaidoRailway(traveltime2.5hours)andanintercitycoach,areavailabletoconnectthecampuses. Mapsofthecampusesarealsoavailableatthefollowinglinks: HU:https://www.global.hokudai.ac.jp/maps/https://www.vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp/content/files/access/VetMed_map.pdfOUhttps://www.obihiro.ac.jp/en/accessSapporo(seeAppendix 19)TheHUcampusisinthecenterofSapporoCity.TheSchoolofVeterinaryMedicineislocatedonthiscampusandmainlycomprisestheManagementResearchBuilding(MainBuilding,BuildingsEandS;totalarea8,844m2)andtheGeneralResearchBuilding(2,801m2),withlaboratories,experimentalpracticeroomsandanadministrationdepartment,aswellastheLectureBuilding(1,126m2),aRadiationexperimentalfacility(763m2),alaboratoryanimalfacilities(atotalof3,366m2)andtheVTH(3,027m2).ObihiroOUislocatedontheoutskirtsofObihiroCity,whichisacoreurbanareaofTokachiDistrict,Hokkaido,andamajorfarmingregion.Thetotalsiteareaoftheuniversityis1,895,668m2andthestructure,buildingareaandtotalfloorspaceofthefacilitiesusedforveterinaryeducationareshowninAppendix 20 and 21.Alltheteachingandclinicalfacilitiesfortheveterinaryprogrammearelocatedonthecampus. 4.1.2.Descriptionofthepremisesfor: -)lecturingSapporoThefacultyhasfourlecturerooms(48,84,48and60seats),alecturehall(200seats)andacommonlectureroom(48seats).Thesecondandthethirdlectureroomsandthelecturehalleachhaveabi-directionallecturesystemtodeliverremotelecturesbetweenthetwositesandtransmitimagesofoutdooractivitiestothelectureroomsinrealtime(Appendix19).ObihiroThefacultyincludesatotalof25lecturerooms,allofwhichareoncampus.TheareaandnumberofseatsinthelectureroomsusedfortheoreticaltrainingareshowninAppendix20and21.TheMainLectureBuildinghasundergoneanti-seismicreinforcement, andtheGeneralResearchBuilding1andtheAuditoriumhavehad heating/watersupplyinstallationanddrainage/electricalsystemupgrades.

Therehavebeenfunctionalimprovementsmadetotheaudio-visualequipmentandenhancementstotheITinstallationsforremoteclasses.-)groupwork Sapporo(Appendix19)TheGeneralResearchBuildinghassixtutorialrooms(8,8,8,6,8and8seats)andacommonroom(21seats).TheMainBuildinghasthreeseminarrooms(8,8and22seats).AlltutorialroomsareequippedwithlargetouchscreendisplaysandterminalsconnectedtothehospitalLANandthecampusLAN.TheCommonRoomandSeminarRooms1and3areequippedwithabi-directionalremotelecturesystem.ObihiroThereare26group-workroomsoncampus.TheareasandnumbersofseatsintheroomsusedforgroupworkareshowninAppendix20and21. -)practicalwork Sapporo(Appendix19)Themainbuildinghasfourpracticerooms,practiceroom1-4(112,112,112and120m2),eachofwhichhas45seats.Practiceroom1hasavirtualslidesystemforteachinghistology,pathologyandparasitology.Practiceroom3hasfiveClassIIbiosafetycabinets(BSCs)andautoclavesfortraininginthehandlingofBSL-2pathogens.TheBSCsaretestedandcertifiedannuallybyacademicstaffmemberswhoarequalifiedtoexamineBSC.Thesterilizationfunctionoftheautoclavesisroutinelycheckedbytheacademicstaff. TheGeneralResearchBuildinghousespracticeroomforclinicalexamination(104m2)andpracticeroomsforsmallanimals(102m2)andlargeanimals(125m2).Thepracticeroomforclinicalexaminationisequippedwithmicroscopes,centrifugalseparators,anddevicesforbiochemicalexaminationandcompletebloodcount.Thepracticeroomforsmallanimalsisequippedwithoperatingtables,surgicallights,inhalationanaesthesiaapparatusandbiologicalinformationmonitorsforECG,capnogram,gasconcentrations,oxygensaturation,andbloodpressuremonitoringareusedinthehands-onpractice.Thepracticeroomforlargeanimalsisequippedwitharecoveryroomforanesthetizedanimals,tworetentiontreatmentstalls,amovablehydraulicoperatingtableandaninhalationanaesthesiaapparatus.Thelaboratoryanimalfacilityhasananatomyroom(110m2),witharefrigerationroom(18m2). Thenecropsyroomwasrefurbishedin2018tosatisfysafetylevelsandbiosecuritystandards.Theroom(103m2)isequippedwitharefrigerationroom(15m2),autoclave,safetycabinetandchemicalhood,andhasanundergroundwatertankthatcantemporarilystorethe

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wastewatertorenderitnon-infectiousbydisinfectionasnecessary. Theentrancesofanatomyandnecropsyroomsareseparatedandtheflowlinesfortheseroomsdonotcrosseachother.TherearetwoClinicalSkillsLabs(28m2and30m2)intheMainBuildingandtheGeneralResearchBuilding,respectively.Theselaboratoriesareequippedwiththefollowingmodels. Caninemodels:lumbervertebramodel,teeth/gummodel,blooddrawingtrainingmodel(cephalicvein/jugularvein),endoscopytrainingmodel(oesophagus-stomach-duodenum),includingendoscopy,spaysurgerytrainingmodel,castrationsurgerytrainingmodel,skullanatomymodel,foot/legskeletonanatomymodel,shoulder/kneejointmodel,indicator-guidedCPRtrainingmodel,andbandagetrainingmodel(foot/leg) Felinemodels:hipjointmodel,teeth/gummodel,reductiontrainingequipment,shoulder/elbowjointmodelOthers:Intestinalanastomosistrainingmodel,Wire-connectedintestinalanastomosistrainingkit,surgicalsuturetrainingkit,ultrasound-guidedfine-needlebiopsytrainingkit,includingultrasonography,andcattlecastingtrainingmodel,3Danatomysoft(dog,cat,cow,horse,pig,andbird),virtualslidesystemforhistologyandclinicalbiopsysamples,andvideocontentsforclinicalpracticeviaGlexasystem.ObihiroThereare21practicalworkroomsoncampus.TheareasandnumbersofseatsintheroomsforpracticalworkareshowninAppendix20and21.1. Mostofthepracticaltrainingroomsareequipped

withadraftchamber. 2. MicrobiologypracticeroomS2101hastwoClassII

biosafetycabinets(BSCs)andtwoautoclaves,whichareusedforhandlingBSL-2pathogens.Accesstothelaboratoryisrestrictedwhencourseworkisunderway.TheBSCsaretestedandcertifiedannually,andtheautoclavesareroutinelycheckedwithabiologicalindicatorforassuranceoftheirsterilizationfunctions.

3. Asurgicaltrainingroomequippedwitheighttrainingsetsofsmallanimaloperatingtablesandshadow-lesslamps,ananaesthesiaapparatus,artificialrespiratorsandECG/respiration/bloodpressuremonitoringequipment(fivestudentsperset).

4. Thelargeanimalnecropsyroomhasaglass-walledobservationroom.Necropsyimagestransmittedfromavideocamerainstalledontheceilingofthepathologicanatomyroomcanbeviewedonalargemonitor.Ancillaryfacilitiesincludelockerroomsandshowers.Thenecropsyroomisfullyequippedwithrefrigerators,airconditioning,aformalinregulationroom,avideomonitoringsystemandasmallanimalpathologicanatomyroomequippedwithanautoclaveandsafetycabinets.Liquidwasteiscollectedintoan

undergroundwatertankandisdisinfectedasnecessary.

5. TheClinicalSkillsLab(82m2,10seats)isopen24/7forallveterinarystudents.

4.1.3.Descriptionofthepremisesforhousing: -)healthyanimalsSapporo Thelaboratoryanimalfacilitycanrear50dogs,36rabbits(or54guineapigs),27chickens,930ratsand9,576mice.Thehousingforlargeanimalsisequippedwithanattachedpaddock(3,571m2),withthecapacitytoreartwohorses(30m2x2),10cattle(free-burnwithinterlockingstanchion;100m2)andeightgoats(36m2).Also,thefacilityhasaroomforindividualrearing(21m2)andatreatmentstallforhorse.TheMainBuildinghasthreeBSL-3infectionlaboratoriesthatcontainisolatorsandsafetycabinetsandcanhouse13miniaturepigs,14chickens,675ratsand1,134miceintotal.TheAnimalFacilityhasABSL-2roomsforlargeanimals(2),poultry(16)andcompanionanimals(4)aswellasachemicalexposureexperimentalunit(fiveroomsforanimalhousing,19,15,10,12and31m2,respectively)onafloorof301m2.Thereisalsoroomtokeep60miceforbehaviouralobservation. ObihiroTherearetwolaboratoryanimalbuildings,i.e.,aspecificpathogen-freefacilityformice,ratsandrabbitsandadog-rearingfacility.Eachofthesefacilitiescanhouse210mousecages(maximumoffivemicepercage),35ratcages(maximumoftworatspercage),15guineapigcages(maximumoftwoguineapigspercage),30rabbits,onecatroom(housingamaximumof12cats)andadogroom(housingamaximumof33dogs).Thelaboratoryanimalbuildingsincludeanexperimentlaboratoryandoperating/treatmentroomsthataremanagedandmaintainedbydedicatedsupportstaff.Inaddition,therearevariousmouse-rearingandinfectiousanimalrooms(P2andP3containments)intheGeneralResearchBuilding1,theDiagnosticCenterforAnimalHealthandFoodSafetyandtheNationalResearchCenterforProtozoanDiseases. -)hospitalisedanimalsSapporo Thefacultyhasdedicatedhospitalfacilitiesfordogsandcat(63).Thereisanintensivecareunit(ICU)for47dogsand16cats.ObihiroThefacultyhashospitalfacilitiesforeachspecies(no.ofplaces)asfollows:cattle(4,including1ICU),horses(4,includingoneICU),dogs(21),cats(9)andthreeICUsfordogsandcats. -)isolatedanimals Sapporo ThetwoisolationroomsforcompanionanimalsareseparatefromtheVTHandlocatedintheanimalfacility.Oneroom(6m2)isforcats(2)andtheotherroom(16m2)isfordogs(3).

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ObihiroThereareisolationfacilitiesforsmallanimals(2rooms,20m2each,withapreparationroom)andlargeanimals(2rooms,20m2each,withapreparationroom).Forsmallanimals,atleasttwodogcagesorfourcatcagescanbekeptineachroom. 4.1.4.Descriptionofthepremisesfor: -)clinicalactivitiesSapporo TheVTH(totalfloorspace3,027m2)has12consultationrooms,onetreatmentroom,twoICU,twohospitalizationrooms,fivesurgicalsuitesforsmallanimals,threeultrasound/echographyroomsequippedwithdopplerultrasoundmachines(6),twoX-rayroomswithX-rayimagingapparatusandfluoroscopicapparatus,oneendoscopicexaminationroom(digitalendoscopeapparatus)andCTandMRIroomequippedwith80-sliceCTand0.4-TeslaMRImachines.ThesurgeryareahasaC-armsixapparatus,mobileX-rayimagingapparatuslaparoscopy,arthroscopyandcystoscopyapparatus,electroencephalographicsystem,polygraphmachine,ultrasonicscalpel,vesselsealingsystem,fourorthopaedicpowerunits,patientwarmingsystemsandasemiconductorlaserunit.ThereisalsoaradiationtherapyroomhousingorthovoltageX-raysandaLINAC. Oneoftheoperatingtheatreshasanattachedobservationroomandisequippedwithasurgicalvideorecordingsystem.TheimagescanbeviewedinrealtimeattheVTHandintheGeneralResearchBuildingandarestoredonthesurgicalimageserver.Twooperatingtheatreshaveapositivepressureventilationsystem.Therearefourconsultingroomsequippedwithindoorcamerasforimageandvoicerecording,whichcanbewatchedinlecture,seminarandpracticeroomsoverthehospitalLAN.Inaddition,theConferenceRoomattheVTHisequippedwithabi-directionalremotelecturesystem.ObihiroSmallAnimalClinic(SAC)TheVeterinaryMedicalCenter(VMC)forSmallAnimals(SAC)(totalfloorspace3,227m2)iscentrallylocatedontheObihirocampusandisconnectedtotheDiagnosticCenterforAnimalHealthandFoodSafety,theLargeAnimalClinic(LAC)andtheClinicalResearchBuilding.TheVMCisatwo-storybuildingthatisusedmainlyforthemedicalcareofcompanionanimals,butitalsofunctionsasaVTH,providingaplatformforparticipatoryclinicaleducation.Ithasoneconsultingroomthatareequippedwithvideoandaudiorecordingssystem,whichcanbewatchedinthelecture,seminarandpracticeroomsoverthehospitalLAN.Clinicalexaminationandimagingdataareintegratedwithclinicalrecordsandcanbeviewedinthelecture,training,orseminarrooms.Therearethreeoperatingroomsequippedwithpositivepressureventilationsystems.AnICUcageisinstalledinthetreatmentroom.Thehospitalizationroomsfordogsandcatsareseparatedbyatreatmentandpreparationarea.Inaddition,thereisaphysicaltherapyroomforrehabilitation,adutyroom,anultrasounddiagnostics

room,aradiographyroom,radiotherapyroom,aclinicallaboratoryandadogrun.DiagnosticCTandMRIroomsareintheLargeAnimalClinicalResearchBuildingandareusedforbothsmallandlargeanimals. LargeAnimalClinic(LAC) TheLargeAnimalClinicisinthenewLargeAnimalsClinicalResearchBuilding(totalfloorspace3,738m2),whichwasbuiltin2014forclinicaleducationonlargeanimals.Thebuildingisdividedintothreeblocks,comprisingaLAC,lectureroomsandresearchlaboratories.Theclinichasconsultationandtreatmentroomsforhorsesandcattle(2–3retentiontreatmentstallsperroom),apreparationroom,apaddedanaesthesia/recoveryroomandanoperatingtheatrewithamovablehydraulicoperatingtableandlargeanimalgaseousanaesthesiaapparatus,ECG/bloodpressuremonitoringequipmentandanartificialrespirator. TheVTH’simagingproceduresforsmallandlargeanimalsincludeup-to-datediagnosticequipment(e.g.ultrasound,endoscopy,CTandMRI).Overnightaccommodationroomsformaleandfemalestudentsfornightdutywereinstalledin2016. HospitalWardforLargeAnimalsTherearehospitalizationstalls(633m2)forhorsesandcattleandICUrearingrooms,theaislesandceilingsofwhichareequippedwithrunninghoistrails.Agarageformobileclinicvehicleswasalsoinstalledinthisunit.Thereisanisolationunitforlargeanimalsthatcontainstwoisolationroomsandonepreparationroom(93m2). -)diagnosticservicesincludingnecropsySapporo Thediagnosticimagingfacilitiescomprisethreeultrasonographyrooms,twoX-rayrooms,aCTscanroom,anMRIscanroomandaclinicalbloodtestingroom.Clinicalexaminationandimagingdataareintegratedwiththeclinicalrecordsandcanbeviewedinthelecture,trainingandseminarrooms.TheLaboratoryofComparativePathologyoffersthefollowingdiagnosticservices:necropsy,histologicalandimmunohistochemicaldiagnosis.ThelaboratoryisequippedwithatissueexaminationroomandaresearchlaboratorythatcanhandleBSL-2pathogens.Otherlaboratoriesofferthefollowingdiagnosticservices:LaboratoryofToxicology(leadpoisoningofwildbirds,50-100casesperyear;rodenticideresistanceinwildrodents,pesticidepoisoninginwildlifeandsexdeterminationofzooanimals,atotalof50-70casesperyear);LaboratoryofPublicHealth(tick-borneencephalitis,1-2casesperyear);LaboratoryofInfectiousDiseases(bovineleucosis,approximately2,000-4,000casesperyear);TheLaboratoryofMicrobiologyhandlesthecriticaldiagnosisofhighlypathogenicavianinfluenza(112casesin2016-2018)andreceivedISO17025accreditationforthispurposein2017. Obihiro

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1. DiagnosticimagingfacilitiesattheVTHThesefacilitiescomprisetwoultrasonographyrooms(smallanimal,largeanimal),twoX-rayrooms(smallanimal,largeanimal),aCTscanroomandanMRIscanroomaswellasaclinicalanimalbloodtestingroom.TheVTHstaffoffersthisserviceforVTHsectionsandresearchersattheuniversityandveterinariansinthelocalcommunity.

2. Mobileservicefordiagnosticimagingandreproduction. TheVTHownsthreediagnosticimagingvehicles.ThebiggestoneisamobileX-raydiagnosticcargotruckforlargeanimals,whichenablesnotonlyX-rayfluoroscopicexaminationbutalsoX-rayimaging,ultrasonography,ECG,echocardiographyandendoscopyforcattle.OneprofessoroftheVTHprovidesahealthcheckservicefordairyherdsupontherequestfromlocalpractitionersinvariousareasofHokkaido.Healthchecksareperformedapproximatelyeverymonthfromspringtoautumnexcludingwinter.Theothertwovehiclesaresmaller,butareequippedwithanendoscopedeviceandvariousbloodtestequipment,anX-rayfluoroscopy,anX-rayradiographingdevice,anultrasounddiagnosticdevice,etc.andwillimplementcutting-edgebreedingtechniquessuchasendoscopicartificialinsemination,ovumpick-upandinvitroproductionofembryoson-farmtoimprovelivestockproductivity.Reproductivemanagementserviceusingaportableultrasoundmachine,suchaspregnancydiagnosis,examinationsofovaryanduterus,arealsosuppliedforcattleandhorsefarm.

3. NecropsyserviceTheLaboratoryofVeterinaryPathologyacceptsuniversityandexternalcasesforpathologicdiagnosis.Thesecases(necropsyandbiopsy)areusedforeducationalandresearchpurposes.ThenecropsyroomisintheBuildingforPathobiologicalDiagnosis,whichalsohashospitalizationandclinicalexaminationunitsfordiseasedanimals.Theseanimalsarecollectedforeducationalandresearchpurposes.Studentgroupsand/ormembersofveterinaryinternalmedicinegroupscheckthediseasestatesandmakeclinicaldiagnosesbasedonvariousclinicalexaminations(includingphysicalandbloodexamination,bloodchemistry,ECG,ultrasoundandX-ray).Someanimalsaretreatedtoconfirmtheclinicaldiagnosis.However,allanimalstransferredtothisbuildingarenecropsiedtoconfirmthediseasestatepathologically.Inaddition,therearethreeotherhistopathologylaboratories(oneofwhichisaP2facility)inGeneralResearchBuilding1forresearchpurposes.

4. TheISO17025-accreditedDiagnosticCenterforAnimalHealthandFoodSafetyhastwofloors.Thegroundfloorhasalaboratorysection,andthesecondfloorhasanofficeandaconferencearea.Inadditiontothiscenter,otherindividuallaboratorieslisttestsforinfectiousdiseasesintheirareasofexpertise.All

examinationproceduresareinaccordancewithbiosafetyandlaboratorysafetystandards.

5. TheNationalResearchCenterforProtozoanDiseasesisthefirstWorldOrganisationforAnimalHealth(OIE)-collaborationcenterinAsia.Itincludestworeferencelaboratoriesthatofferdiagnosticservicesforequinepiroplasmosis,bovinebabesiosisandsurra(ISO17025-accreditedin2017).

-)FSQ&VPH Intra-muralslaughteringandfoodprocessingfacilitiesinOU(Appendix21)OUhasanintra-muralslaughteringandfoodprocessingfacilities(1,639.6m2),whicharewithintenminutes’walkofthecentralcampus.ThefacilitiesareaccreditedbyHACCP/ISO22000/FSSC22000,andusedforresearchandeducationalpurposes.IntheVNJcurriculum,weusethesefacilitiesforteachingtheVNJstudentsofSVM/HUandDVM/HUasdescribedin3.1.4.Thefacilities(1,315m2)aredividedintothreeareasforslaughter,meatprocessingandmilkprocessing.Eachareahasaseparateentranceandlockerroomtominimizetheriskofcross-contamination.Theslaughteringareaincludesante-andpost-mortemexaminationrooms,abutchering/organprocessingroom,andacarcassprocessingroom.Abutcherfromtheprivatefoodcompanyprovideprofessionalinstructioninthepracticalaspectofslaughteringanimalsandmeatprocessing.Trainingsformeatprocessing,sausageandcannedmeatproductionaretaughtinthemeatprocessingarea.Thedairyprocessingareasupportsdairyfoodprocessingandresearchandextensionprogramme.Itisequippedtomakedairyproducts,suchasbutter,naturalcheeseandice-cream,usingmilkfromtheuniversityfarm. Extra-muralFSQandVPHpremisesUnderthecontractwithoneofthebiggestfoodcompany,students(Year3)areallowedtovisitthecommercialmegafarmsofpigandpoultry,slaughterhouse,andfoodprocessingplantsin“PracticeinAnimalHygiene”course.Thegroupsizeis13-14studentswithtwoacademicstaffmembers.Studentslearnthefarmbiosecurityandherdhealthmanagement,animalhygiene,preventionofinfectiousdiseases,animalhealthcheckinthelargefarms,aswellasslaughteringandmeatprocessingprocedures. -)others Sapporo Thecarcassincinerator(160m2)isequippedwithdevicesthatcanreducesmokeanddioxinstolevelsbelowthosestipulatedbylaw.Theincineratorisadjacenttoalargerefrigerationroom,whereanimalcarcassesarefrozenandstored.Carcassesareincineratedinbulkatleastonceaweek.Obihiro

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Thecarcassincineratorfacilitylocatesnearthedissectionandnecropsyareas.Thefacilityadjoinsalargerefrigerationroom,wheretheanimalcadaversandbodypartscanbestoredtemporarily.Thelaboratoryanimalsthatareinfectedwithpathogensmustbeautoclavedandthenbroughttothefacilitytobeincinerated.4.1.5.Descriptionofthepremisesfor: -)studyandself-learningSapporo Thefacultyhastwoe-learningeducationrooms(45andtenseats,respectively)andalibraryreadingroom(16seats)intheMainBuilding.TheCentral,Northand14otherfaculty/departmentlibrariesontheSapporocampus(withina15-minutewalkfromthefaculty)arealsoavailable(seeStandard6).ObihiroPleaseseethe“groupwork”sectionabove,andAppendix20,21.-)cateringSapporo Thefacultyhasasmallshopwithafoodcourt(tenseats,openfrom10:00to17:00).Therearesevencampusdininghalls(170,390,340,90,120,1000and120seats)andarestaurant(80seats).Therearemanyrestaurantsaroundthecampus.Anon-campusconveniencestore(open24hours)witharestaurant(around100seats)openedin2018. OUThereisonefoodcourt(open11:00to14:00forlunch,18:00to20:00fordinner)andonecoffeeshop(open10:00to19:00). -)lockerrooms Sapporo Thefacultyhastwolockerroomsformalestudents(162lockers)andfemalestudents(150lockers)intheGeneralResearchBuilding.Boththeanimalfacilityandtheveterinaryteachinghospitalhavetwolockerroomswithshowersandwashingmachinesformaleandfemalestudentsandstaff.ObihiroStudentsandstaffaregiventheirownlockersinwhichtokeeptheirbelongings.Thepracticaltrainingfacilities(SAC,LAC,necropsyarea,anatomyarea,universityfarm,slaughterandfoodprocessingfacility)havelockersandchangingroomsformaleandfemalestudents. -)accommodationforoncallstudents SapporoTheVTHprovidestwoovernightroomsformale(40m2,fourbeds)andfemale(24m2,twobeds)students. ObihiroAtLAC:Therearetwoovernightroomsformalestudentsandfemalestudents(maximumoffourpeopleperroom)intheLAC,whicharealsousedforon-callstudents.

Akkamui:Atwo-storey,258m2facilitywasbuiltin2016andincludeseightroomsthataccommodate16people,aswellasakitchenandlounge.Itprovidesconvenienton-campusaccommodationforHUstudents. Theuniversityalsohasafive-storey,366m2campusdormitoryformalestudents(91twinrooms)andfemalestudents(120singlerooms),locatedwithina10-minutewalkfromthehospital.-)leisure Sapporo ThefacultyhasatenniscourtandaVeterinarySpecimenRoom.AttheSapporocampus,thereareseveralwelfarefacilities(shopsandbookstores),indoorandoutdoorbarbecueareas,severalclubbuildingswithroomsandsportsfacilitiesforextracurricularactivities(includinggymnasiums,anindoorathleticfield,swimmingpoolandplaygrounds),museumsandbotanicalgardens.StudentscaneasilyaccessavarietyofrecreationalfacilitiesinSapporoCity.ObihiroTosupportextracurricularactivities,thecampusincludesaclubbuildingcontainingroomsforeachclub,indoorandoutdoorsportsfacilities(agymnasium,martialartshall,Japanesearcheryfacility,trainingroom,soccerpitch,rugbypitch,Americanfootballfield,ice-hockeyrink,baseballfield,horse-ridingfacilities,tenniscourt)aswellascampusfacilities,includingsharedkitchenswherestudentscancookforthemselves,indoorandoutdoorbarbecueareasandrentalspacesforculturalandsocialinteractions.TheStudentAffairsSectionprovidesaleisureequipmenthireservice. 4.1.6.Descriptionofthevehiclesusedfor: -)studentstransportation Sapporo Thefacultyhastwodedicatedvehicleswithfiveseatsandeightseatsfortransportationofsmallsizeofgroup.Fortransportationoflargernumberofstudents,acharteredbusesorpublictransportisused. ObihiroTheuniversityhasonebuswith50seats. -)ambulatoryclinicsSapporo Theambulatoryserviceforcattleandotherfarmanimalsusestwovehicles(onehasfiveseats,andtheotherhaseightseats). ObihiroTheambulatory/mobileclinichasthreevehicles(tenseatsincludingthedriver’sseat),onestationwagon(fiveseatsincludingthedriverseat)andthreediagnosticimagingvehicles(threeseatsincludingthedriverseat).-)liveanimaltransportation Sapporo Aforwardingagentisavailabletotransportlargeanimals.Acarthatseatseightisusedtotransportsmallanimals.

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ObihiroTheuniversityownsatwo-tonnetruckthatisusedtotransportfarmanimals,mainlycattleandhorses.-)cadavertransportation Sapporo Aforwardingagentisavailableforthetransportoflargeanimalcadavers. ObihiroTheuniversityhastwosmall-sizedpickuptrucksforthetransportofcadavers. 4.1.7.Descriptionoftheequipmentusedfor-)teachingpurposes Sapporo Thefacultyhasthefollowingequipment:10touchscreendisplays(70V-widetype),awirelesspresentationsystem,aneducationsupportsystem,abi-directionalremotelecturesystem,avideoconferencesystem,avirtualslidesystemandfieldworkequipment(twonotebookcomputers,awearablecameraandthreeloudspeakers).TherearetwoClinicalSkillsLabs(detailsaredescribedin4.1.2).ObihiroAlllectureroomsinthelecturebuildingareequippedwithslideprojectorsandscreens.SeverallectureroomsarealsoequippedwithvideoorDVDplayersfortheuseofaudio-visualmaterials.LectureRoom25andClinicalLectureRoom101intheLargeAnimalsClinicalResearchBuildingareequippedwithCCDandmonitorcamerasthatarecompatiblewiththeHUbi-directionalremotelecturesystem. -)clinicalservices TheVTHsatbothlocationshavethefollowingequipment:X-raytelevisionimagingapparatus,C-armX-rayfluoroscopicapparatus,CT,MRIandDopplerultrasoundmachines,adigitalendoscopeapparatus,anendoscopicsurgeryapparatus,anarthroscopicsurgeryapparatus,aninhalationanaesthesiaapparatus,abloodchemicalanalyserandanorthovoltageX-raymachine.Inaddition,theHUVTHhasLINACforradiationtherapy. 4.1.8.Descriptionofthestrategyandprogramformaintainingandupgradingthecurrentfacilitiesandequipmentand/oracquiringnewones. Inthepasttenyears,SCM/HUandDVM/OUhavestrategicallyfocusedonconstruction,renovatingaccordingtotheuniversities’masterplansforimprovingitsteachingandclinicalcompetencies. Further,theVNJreceivedalargebudgetforPromotingUniversityReform(2012-2017),withsixyearsoffinancialsupportthathasenabledtheconstructionandrenovationoftheveterinaryteachingenvironment. Sapporo Basedonthesix-yearactionplan,theAcademicAffairsCommittee(educationalfacilities),FacilitiesCommittee(facilitiesingeneral),SharedFacilitiesandEquipmentSteeringCommittee(researchequipment),AnimalFacility

SteeringCommittee(animalfacilities),ScienceInformationCommittee(library)andAnimalHospitalSteeringCommittee(VTH)areresponsibleformaintainingandupgradingthefacilitiesrelatedtotheirspecificroles,accordingtothestudents’andstaff’sopinions.Thesecommitteesgatheropinionsfromfacultymembers,ifnecessary,andproposestrategiesforthemaintenance,improvementorinstallationofequipmentandfacilitiestotheSVM/HUdean.Thelocaldeandiscusseswiththeprofessorstheproposalsfromthecommitteesandthenapprovestheproposals.ObihiroTheFacilitiesSectionandtheStudentEducationalSupportSectionatOUregularlycheckthelectureroomusage(rateofoperation)andequipment,inthelectureroombuilding,toverifythatroomsizesareappropriateforuse(intermsofnumberofroomsandcapacity)andthattheyhavebeenusedappropriatelysincethelarge-scalerefurbishment.Theresultsoftheseself-checkshelptodeterminefutureequipmentneedsandchangesinroomuse. 4.1.9.Descriptionofhowandbywhochangesinfacilities,equipmentandbiosecurityproceduresaredecided,communicatedtostaff,studentsandstakeholders,implemented,assessedandrevised Sapporo 1. Facilitiesandequipment(Appendix 22)

TheFacilitiesCommitteeandSharedFacilitiesandEquipmentSteeringCommitteearegenerallyresponsibleformanagingtheeducationandresearchfacilitiesandtheirequipment.TheFacilitiesCommitteeconsistsofeightacademicstaffmembersandonesupportingstaffmemberandconvenesthemeeting(s)onceortwiceayear.TheSharedFacilitiesandEquipmentSteeringCommitteeconsistsofsevenacademicstaffmembers.TheAcademicAffairsCommitteeandtheOfficeofVeterinaryEducationReformareresponsibleforthemanagementofpracticalworkandeducationalequipment,respectively.TheFacilitiesCommitteeandrelevantcommitteesdiscussreformingthefacilities.ThedeanofSVM/HUmakesthefinaldecisionregardingsuchreforms.TheAccountsSectionintheAdministrationDepartmentisresponsibleforthepracticalmaintenanceoffacilities.

2. Biosecurityprocedures Changesintheanimalfacility,itsequipmentanditsstandardoperatingprocedureforbiosecurityaregenerallydecidedbytheAFSCandthePathogenicAgentSafetyCommittee(PASC).ThesedecisionsareassessedandconfirmedbytheInstitutionalAnimalCareandUseCommittees(IACUC).Ifnecessary,theIACUCencouragestheAFSCtorevisethem.TheCarcassIncineratorManagementCommitteeisresponsibleforwastemanagementrelatedtoanimalcarcasses.HU’sOfficeofHealthandSafetyoverseessafetymanagementthroughinspections,seminarsandmeetings.IntheSVM/HU,thePASC,IACUC,AFSC,RadiationSafetyCommitteeandCommitteeforRecombinantNucleicAcidMoleculesareresponsibleforthesafetymanagementofeachspecificareaand

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communicationtothestaffandthestudents.Medicalandbiologicalwastemustbeautoclavedanddisposedofinacontainerwithinalockablestoreroom.HazardouswastefluidsarecollectedandtreatedbyHU’sEnvironmentalPreservationCentre(702m2).

3. CommunicationbetweenstakeholdersInformationaboutfacilities,equipmentandbiosecurityproceduresarecommunicatedtostaff,studentsandstakeholdersviatheFacultyMeeting,facultydevelopment,speciallectures,noticesande-mail.Detailmanualsforsafetymanagement:http://www.hokudai.ac.jp/bureau/safety/hu/7.html. Chemicalsubstancehandlingguidance: http://www.hokudai.ac.jp/bureau/safety/hu/2016-2017_chemical-operation_eng.pdf.

Obihiro1. Facilitiesandequipment

Aflowchartofthedecision-makingprocessforfacilitymattersisshowninAppendix 23.Briefly,theFacilitySection,incooperationwithseveralcommittees,isresponsiblefortheplanning,physicaldevelopment,construction,maintenance,renovationandsafeoperationoftheuniversity’seducationandresearchfacilities.TheFacilitySectionandFacilityManagementCommitteedeviseastrategicCampusMasterPlanandlandscapedesignforthecampusenvironment,whichprovideaphysicalstructuretotheuniversity’smission.Theplanisopentofacultymembersforthecollectionofrequestsandcomments.TheplanisfinalizedindiscussionbetweentheStrategicPlanningCommitteeandManagementCommitteeandisapprovedbytheuniversitypresident.TheFacilitySafetyCommitteeconductsmonthlyinspectionsoftheteachingandresearchfacilitiestoevaluatethesafetyprocedures.

2. BiosecurityproceduresAllanimalactivitiesareapprovedbytheIACUC,whichconductsbiannualinspectionsofallanimalfacilitiesandreviewsallanimaluseprotocolsandstandardoperatingprocedures(SOP).TheFacilityDivisionisresponsibleforwastemanagement.OUwastemanagementregulations, basedonrelatedlawsandordinances,areestablishedforthemanagementandcontrolofwasteproductsandoffensiveodoursproducedonthepremisesattheObihirosite.Studentsareadvisedoftheuniversity’shealthandsafetyinformationatthetimeofenrolment.TheBiosafetyCommitteeandGeneticRecombinationExperimentCommitteedecideoninternalregulationsbasedonrelatedlawsandregulations.Alltraininginthehandlingofpathogensandrecombinantgenes

mustbeapprovedbythesecommittees.Allveterinarystudentsmustattendspecializedguidancecoursesbeforeusingexperimentalanimals,handlingpathogens,orperforminggeneticrecombinationexperiments.Thesecoursesareheldtwiceayear,andorganizedanddeliveredbytheacademicstaffoftheresponsiblecommittees.Studentsarealsoprovidedwithsafetyinformationintheircoursehandoutsorguidancebyacademicandsupportingstaffatthesiteswherethepracticalstudiestakeplace.Firstaidkit,AED,eyewashdeviceareprovidedallaroundthecampus.

3. CommunicationbetweenstakeholdersIncompliancewiththeOccupationalSafetyandHealthAct,hazardousproceduresorsubstancesattheuniversityarerisk-assessed,controlsimplemented,andariskvalueassigned.Themembersoftheresponsiblecommitteesdiscusschangesinfacilities,equipmentandbiosecuritymeasuresandthewaysinwhichthesechangesarecommunicatedtostakeholders.Ingeneral,communicationstostaffandstudentsarewritten(FacilityManagementReport,WaterQualityReport,minutes,handouts,notices,signs,e-mail)andoral(face-to-facemeetings,lecturesandguidance)toensurethatallstakeholdersareawareofchanges.Therelatedinformationisalsoavailableatthefollowingrelatedwebsites.CampusMasterPlanandrelatedinformationhttps://www.obihiro.ac.jp/facility-planFacilityManagementReporthttp://faci.obihiro.ac.jp/environment/post-35.htmlWaterQualityReporthttp://faci.obihiro.ac.jp/mng/suisitu/post-103.htmlWastemanagementandrelatedinformationhttp://faci.obihiro.ac.jp/mng/waste/post-53.htmlChemicalSubstancesManagementOfficehttp://board.obihiro.ac.jp/bukyoku/shiyaku/index.htmlPathogenManagementManualhttp://board.obihiro.ac.jp/bukyoku/kenkyu/files/jikken/byogentai/manual5.pdfDisasterResponseManualandrelatedinformationhttps://www.obihiro.ac.jp/emergency

4.2. CommentsNone. 4.3. Suggestions for improvement Maintenanceandupgradationofthefacilitiesandequipmentisaveryimportantissue,andthesubmissionofannualgrantapplicationsisongoingtoobtainfinancialsupporttomaintainthehighstandardsofoureducationprogramme.

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Standard 5: Animal resources and teaching materials of animal origin 5.1. Factual Information (Findings)5.1.1.DescriptionoftheglobalstrategyoftheEstablishmentabouttheuseofanimalsandmaterialofanimaloriginfortheacquisitionbyeachstudentofDayOneCompetences(seeAnnex2) Ourglobalstrategyregardingtheuseofanimalsandanimal-derivedmaterialsistoprovideasufficientnumberofvariousanimalspeciesfortheacquisitionofDayOneCompetences.Wetakethefollowingfourmeasurestoensurenecessaryteachingresourcesofanimalsforteachingpurpose,andtomeettheinternationalstandardsofveterinaryeducation.1. Complementaryeducation(alsodescribedin3.1.1)Ourstudentsareabletoaccessbothnormalanddiseasedanimalsduringtheirpre-clinicalandclinicaltrainingthroughawiderangeofresources/servicesatbothlocations.Incomplementaryclinicalrotationstudentsareexposedtoavarietyofclinicalcasesincompanionanimalsandlargeanimalpracticesateachlocation.A24/7emergencyserviceforcompanionanimalsatHUVTHandforequineatOUVTHhavebeenopened,providingstudentsfurtheropportunitiestoemergencycasesandnightdutytocompanionanimalsandequine. 2. AnimalWelfareandHumaneTeachingWerespecttheconceptsof3Rand5F.Allhands-ontrainingsusingliveanimalsmustreceiveapprovalfromtheIACUCpriortouseofanimals.TheIACUCisresponsibleforoversightanimaluseandcareinaccordancewithJapaneselegislation,guidelinesandstandardincluding“ActonWelfareandManagementofAnimals”,“ActonHumaneTreatmentandManagementofAnimals”,“StandardRelatingtotheCareandManagementofLaboratoryAnimalsandAlleviationofPain”,“FundamentalGuidelinefortheConductofAnimalExperimentationinResearchInstitutions”.The“EUDirective2005/36/EC”isalsotakenintoaccount.Thenumberofliveanimalsforterminaluseisreducingyearbyyear.Therelevantinformationisalsodescribedin5.1.10.3. ClinicalSkillsLabsAsreducingthenumberofliveanimaluseforharmfultraining,ClinicalSkillsLabsplayanimportantroleincompetency-basedveterinaryeducation.AtotalofthreeClinicalSkillsLabsfortheVNJstudents,providingstudentsrepetitiveself-practiceopportunitiesunderstress-freeconditions.Wemakeanefforttoimprovethefacilities,simulatorsandmodelsinClinicalSkillsLabstoensuretheacquisitionofDayOneCompetencesbeforehandlingliveanimalsatpre-clinicalandclinicaltrainings. 4. MonitoringthenumberofanimalsandcaseloadWeannuallycollecttheinformationofthenumberofanimalsusedforveterinaryeducationaswellascaseloadofcommonanimalspecies.Thedatashowninthe

Standard5Tablesprovideusefulinformationwhenevaluatingandimprovingourcurrentstrategyfortheuseofanimalsandmaterialsofanimalorigins.Tointerpolateeducationininsufficientanimalspeciesandtoincreasecaseloads,wecreatedspecialcontractswithlocalveterinarians,localfoodcompanies,farms. 5.1.2.DescriptionofthespecificstrategyoftheEstablishmentinordertoensuretherelevantcoreclinicaltrainingbeforegraduation,e.g.numbersofpatientsexamined/treatedbyeachstudent,balancebetweenspecies,balancebetweenclinicaldisciplines,balancebetweenfirstopinionandreferralcases,balancebetweenacuteandchroniccases,balancebetweenconsultations(one-dayclinic)andhospitalisations,balancebetweenindividualmedicineandpopulationmedicine SapporoMorethan90%oftheanimalstreatedinthesmallanimalclinicattheHUVTHwerereferralcases.So,studentsarealsoencouragedtobeexposedtoprimarycasesintheirself-directedinternship.InordertoensuretheacquisitionofDayOneCompetences,VTHinstalledasystemoftheLogbook,caselogandself-evaluationsheet,thatarearrangedbycoordinationbetweenthetwouniversities. From2019,theHUVTHopeneda24/7emergencyserviceforout-patientandhospitalizedanimals,whichprovidesstudentswithfurtheropportunitiestohandleemergencycases.Studentsaretrainedinprimarycareforemergencycasesattheprivatenighthospital,SapporoNightAnimalHospitalEmergencyandCriticalCare.TheHUVTHatSapporomayacceptpatientsthatarereferredfromtheprivatenighthospital.Theseanimalscanbeusedforstudents’clinicaltraining.Therefore,itisexpectedthatstudentswillbeexposedtoawidervarietyofemergencycases.AttheVTHandinthedayshiftduty,studentsmustparticipateinnightdutyforhospitalizedanimalsduringtheirclinicalrotation. TheVTH’snewlyopenedExoticUnitacceptsvariousspeciesofexoticanimals.HUalsohasacontractwithMaruyamaZootopromoteclinicalpracticesinexhibitionanimalsfromwildoriginsandconservationmedicine.UndertheagreementwiththeAnimalWelfare&ManagementCentreinSapporoconcludedonAug,2018,studentsareprovidedopportunitiesforthepracticeofspay/neuterandsheltermedicine.ObihiroToanalysethebalanceamongthedifferentdisciplinesandcases/animals,weregularlycollectrelevantinformation,suchasthenumberofanimalsusedfor

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anatomy,necropsyandpreclinicaltraining,numberofcaseloadsattheVTH,percentageoffirst-opinionandreferralcases,numberofherdvisitsandanimalsforFSQtraining.Alogbookgiventoeachstudentatthebeginningofclinicalrotationhelpstomonitorstudents’training.AcademicstaffattheSACandLACdistributeandbalanceexperiencesbycheckingthestudents’logbook.TheSAChasamorebalancedpercentageoffirst-opinionandreferralcases(approx.50-60%infirst-opinionsvs.40-50%inreferrals).Manyofthereferralcasesaresentforhospitalizationforintensivecare,surgery,orpost-operativecare.Regardinglargeanimals,morethan90%ofcasesarefirst-opinion.StudentshaveenoughtrainingforcommondiseasestocomplywithDayOneCompetences. Weopeneda24/7equineclinicin2018.Theequineclinicincludespatientsforone-dayconsultation,themobileclinicandhospitalizationorsurgery.Weemployedanexpertofequinesurgeryasanappointedclinicalprofessor.Thenumberofequinesurgeryandreferralcaseshasincreasedsincethen.Wehavelimitedaccesstopoultryandpigfarmsduetostrictbiosecurity.TheoutbreaksofhighlycontagiousdiseasesofpoultryandpigsinrecentyearsdeprivestudentsofanopportunityforsufficientEPTtraining.Weundertookspecialcontractswithoneofthelargestfoodcompaniestoprovidestudentsanopportunitytovisitpoultryandpigfarmsandslaughterhouses. OU’sVTHhasbeenopenedacommunitypracticeofspay/neutersurgeryservicesfordogsandcatsunderamutualagreementwiththelocalanimalshelter.TheprogrammeisintegratedwiththesmallanimalclinicalrotationatOU.5.1.3.Descriptionoftheorganisationandmanagementoftheteachingfarm(s)andtheinvolvementofstudentsinitsrunning Bothuniversitieshavetheirownfarmsthatprovidelearningopportunitiesforvariouseducationandresearchesactivitiessuchasanimalproduction,milkandanimalhygiene.SapporoAttheHUcampus,theFieldScienceCenterforNorthernBiosphereAnimalProductionResearchFarm(1,247m2)hasfacilitiestorear44cattle,3-5adultpigsand30rearingpigs,27sheepand278chickens.Thisfacilityisaten-minutes’walkfromtheSVM/HU.Thefarmalsoproducesminiaturepigforclinicaltrainingforsurgery.ThefarmismanagedbytheManagementCommitteeofExperimentalFarming,whichconsistsofadirectorandsupportandacademicstaff. AtYear3-4,studentsreceivepre-clinical,hands-ontraininginthephysicalexaminationoffarmanimals,artificialinsemination,bodyconditionscoring,managementofnew-borncalves,milkingpracticesand

rectalpalpation.TheYear5studentsjoinclinicalrotationtoexperiencebirthassistance. Organisationalchartsforstaffmembersofthefarmsareprovidedonthefollowingwebsites.HU:http://www.fsc.hokudai.ac.jp/farm/en/outline/organization/ObihiroTheFieldCenterofAnimalScienceandAgriculture(FCASA)occupiesatotalareaof54,400m2andislocatedonthesouthernedgeofthecampus(approximatelyfifteenminutes’walkfromthecentralcampus).FCASAisaself-supportingmodelfarm,comprisingacattlebarn,abreedingcattlebarn(251m2),aspecialmanagementbarnforsickorcalvingcows(13-cowstanchionstalls,sevencalfstalls,eightcalvingstalls),amilkingblock(1,594m2)andamilkinspectionroom.Themilkprocessingplant(507m2)isaHACCP-certified,ISO2200andFSSC22000-certifiedfacility,producinguniversitybrandedmilk.Italsoincludescropcornandgrassfields,whichareusedtofeedtheuniversity’sdairycowsandlivestock.Thefarmusuallyrearsaround100–150dairycowsand50–70calves/breedingcows.Inadditiontodairycows,theFCASAalsohaspremisesforsheep,poultry,pigsandhorses.TheFCASAprovidesasolideducationalandresearchbaseforagriculturalandveterinarypractices,includingthemanagementofherdhealth,animalandfoodhygiene,publichealthandproductionandpopulationmedicine.TheFCASAatOUisrunbyamanagementcommitteeconsistingofacenterdirector,theheadoffarmanimaldiseasecontrolandacademicandsupportstaff.OU:https://www.obihiro.ac.jp/facility/fcasa/TheuniversityfarmofFCASAofferseducationalopportunitiestostudentsofSCV/HUandDVM/OUasfollows.・Year1:Studentsreceivehands-ontraininginfarmbiosecurity,handlingoffood-producinganimals,themanagementofnew-borncalves,milkingpractices.Inaddition,DVM/OUstudents(Year1)partakeintheexperienceoffatteningapigattheFCASAasearlyexposuretoanimalhusbandryandhandling. ・Year4-5:Studentslearnthefollowingtechniquesincludingrectalpalpation,physicalexamination,hooftrimming,bodyconditioningscoring,themanagementofherdhealthanduddercare,pregnancydiagnosis,mastitistreatment,andaFMDsimulationexercise,etc. StudentswhobelongtotheLaboratoryofTheriogenologyateachuniversityhavemoreopportunitiesforadvancedtrainingexperiences.Theyareresponsibleforthereproductivemanagementofaherd,whichincludesbreeding,pregnancydiagnosis,parturitionandherdhealthmanagement. 5.1.4.DescriptionoftheorganisationandmanagementoftheVTHandambulatoryclinics Atpresent(March2018),thereare16specializedveterinariansintheacademicstaffateachlocation.

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oneACVR(RadiationOncologyandRadiology),fourJCVSs(Surgery),fiveJCVP(Pathology),oneAsianCollegeofVeterinaryInternalMedicine(AiCVIM),twoJCLAMs(ExperimentalAnimals)andoneJCZWM(ZooandWildlifeMedicine),oneJVCS(ClinicalOncology)andoneJSVI(VeterinaryImaging).SapporoTheVTHisrunbyamanagementcommitteeconsistingoftheVTHdirector,professorsandassociateprofessorsofeachsectionattheVTH,representativeacademicstaffmembersfromeachdepartment/division,andtheSVM/HUdeanandsecretarygeneral. TheVTHprovidesreferralclinicalservicesfromMondaytoFridayfrom9:00amto5:00pm.A24/7emergencyservicehasstartedsinceApril2019.Wealsoacceptpatientswithoutareferenceletterfromprivateveterinarians. Specializedareasofconsultationandhospitalisationforcompanionanimalsincludeinternalmedicine,gastroenterology,cardiology,respiratorymedicine,dermatology,haematology,oncology,radiationoncology,softtissuesurgery,orthopaedicsurgery,neurology,radiology,animalbloodbank,theriogenology,ophthalmology,exoticanimalmedicineanddiagnosticimaging.Forfood-producinganimals,thetheriogenologysectionisalsoopened. ObihiroTheVMCiscomposedofthreesections,comprisingaSAC,LACanddiagnosticresourceservice.TheVMCisadministeredbyamanagementcommitteeconsistingofthecenterdirector,academicstaffattheVMC,thedirectorsoftheotherdepartments/institutionsatOUandexternalstakeholders.ThemanagementcommitteefortheVMCconvenesannually.ThiscommitteedeterminestheprincipalagendaandpolicyfortheVMC.TheVMCacademicstaffdiscusspracticalsubjectsinweeklystaffmeetings. TheLAChasfourdepartments,FarmAnimals,EquineMedicine,ReproductionandDiagnosticImaging,whichacceptfirst-opinionandreferralcases.TheLACprovidesanambulatoryservicefromMondaytoFriday,from09:00to17:00.Emergencyhoursarefrom17:00to09:00onweekdays,alldayonweekends.A24/7equineemergencyserviceopenedinOctober2018. Weacceptsurgical,reproductiveandophthalmologicemergenciesandprovide24-hourcareforfoals,sickanimalsandpost-operativeanimals.SurgeryforequinearecarriedoutonThursdayandFriday.Ambulatory(mobile)clinicsaremaintainedbytheacademicandsupportstaffoftheLAC.Specializedareasofconsultationincludeimaging,internalmedicine,surgery(softtissueandorthopaedics),infectiousdiseases,andtheriogenologyforbothsmallandlargeanimals.

5.1.5.Descriptionofhowthecadaversandmaterialofanimaloriginfortraininginanatomyandpathologyareobtained,storedanddestroyed Wepurchasecadaversandliveanimalsforanatomypractice.Fornecropsytraining,weacceptdeadordiseasedanimalsdonatedfromtheowners/veterinarians.CadaversofunownedanimalsthatdiedoutsidearealsodonatedfromSapporoCitytoSVM/HU.Inaddition,materialsfromexhibitionanimalsaredonatedfromMaruyamaZooandObihiroZooforclinicalpathologyandnecropsy. Diseasedfood-producinganimalssentforapathologicdiagnosisarefirstusedforclinicaldiagnostictraining.Theseanimalsaretheneuthanizedandnecropsied. Anatomyandnecropsyareashaveindividualrefrigeratorroomandfreezersandthecadaversusedfortrainingpurposesareincineratedintheon-campusfacility.5.1.6.Descriptionofthegroupsizeforthedifferenttypesofclinicaltraining Pre-clinicalhands-ontrainingGroupsizevariesbetweendependingonthenumberofenrolledstudents,generally,fivetoseven(lessthanten)pergroup.

ClinicalrotationSmallanimalsIntramural:ClinicalrotationstakeplaceintheVTHatbothlocations.Groupsizeisassmallas1-2studentsperoneveterinarianforinternalmedicineand1-2studentsperoneveterinarianforsurgery. Extramural:Groupsizeistwostudentsper1-2veterinarians. LargeanimalsIntramural:Groupsizeisstandardizedto2-5studentsper1-2teachers. Extramural(ambulatoryclinic):Groupsizeisstandardizedto4-5studentsper1-2teachers.

5.1.7.Descriptionofthehands-oninvolvementofstudentsinclinicalproceduresinthedifferentspecies,i.e.clinicalexamination,diagnostictests,bloodsampling,treatment,nursingandcriticalcare,anaesthesia,routinesurgery,euthanasia,necropsy,reportwriting,clientcommunication,biosecurityprocedures,..(bothintra-murallyandextra-murally) Thehands-oninvolvementofstudentsintheclinicaltrainingareshowninthefollowingtable(Table5.1).

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5.1.8.Descriptionoftheproceduresusedtoallowthestudentstospendextendedperiodsindiscussion,thinkingandreadingtodeepentheirunderstandingofthecaseanditsmanagement Studentsdeepentheircriticalthinkingandunderstandingofcasemanagementinseveralproblem-basedlearningatvariouspre-clinicalandclinicalrotations.Toprovideadeeperunderstandingofspecificcasesandtheirmanagement,clinicalstaffandstudentshavefrequentgroupdiscussionsandpersonal/grouppresentationsduringtheclinicalrotations. AtcompanionanimalrotationatHU,studentssubmitcase-logstoclinicalstafftodeepentheirknowledgeofthediseasedanimalcases. LACinObihiroacceptsdonationofdiseasedanimalsfromfarmersforeducationalpurposes.Giventheminimuminformation,studentsworkonthesecaseswiththeirclassmatesofsmallgroup.Theydiscussandperformphysicalexamination,clinicalexaminations,andmakeadiagnosisandtreatmentplan.Theteachersfacilitatestudentstodemonstrateabilityinclinicaldecisionmaking.Theanimalsarefinallyeuthanatized,necropsied,andanalysedhistopathologically.Studentsmakeacasereportandgiveacasepresentationtoteachersandtheirclassmates. 5.1.9.Descriptionofthepatientrecordsystemandhowitisusedtoefficientlysupporttheteaching,research,andserviceprogramsoftheEstablishment. ConsultationdataattheVTHofHUandOUaremanagedusingafullycomputerizedrecordssystem,andalldata(patientmedicalrecords,surgicalimages,diagnosticimaging)areenteredintoandsavedonthecomputers.TheVTHsofSCM/HUandOUareequippedwithaLANandallpatientrecordsaresearchableusingtextqueries.ThepatientrecordsystemfortheVTHisusedforeducationandresearch.StudentscanaccesstheelectronicmedicalrecordsystemattheVTHtoseevarioustestresults,includingimaging.AtSVM/HU,imagedataofbiopsyspecimensandpatientrecordsintheVTHhavebeenintegratedintotheserverofthevirtualslidesystemtoenhanceclinicaleducationandresearchsince2018.AtDVM/OU,bovineandequinecasesencounteredinthemobileclinics(forherdhealthandbreedingmanagement)andcasesforthepathobiologicaldiagnosisprogrammearerecordedbyeachacademicstaffmemberincharge.Allpathobiologicaldiagnosiscaserecordsarestoredinastand-alonecomputer,andauthorizedstudentsandacademicstaffcanaccessthemfreelyforeducationalandresearchpurposes. 5.1.10.Descriptionoftheproceduresdevelopedtoensurethewelfareofanimalsusedforeducationalandresearchactivities Werespectandfollowthe3Rand5Fconceptforanimaluseinourcurriculumandresearchactivities.Studentsmusttake‘AnimalWelfare’and‘VeterinaryEthics’coursesasmandatorysubjectsinveterinarycurriculum.

AllactivitiesusinganimalsforeducationalandresearchpurposesareconductedinaccordancewiththeGuidefortheCareandUseofLaboratoryAnimals(ILARGuide,InstituteforLaboratoryAnimalResearch,theUnitedStates,2011),Japaneselaws,governmentguidelinesandtheuniversity’sinternalregulations. Allacademicandsupportstaffandstudentswhohandleliveanimalsarerequiredtoattendamandatorylectureonanimalwelfareandanimalrightsinadditiontoanimalhandlingtechniquesforanimalexperiments.ThepracticesinvolvingliveanimalsmustbeevaluatedandapprovedbytheIACUC.TheSubjectCoordinatorsubmitstheapplicationandmustspecifytheimportantinformationfromtheanimalwelfareperspective,includingthenumberofanimals,levelofsuffering,measuresimplementedtoreducepain,andtheend-pointinordertoprotecttheanimalfromunnecessarysuffering.TheapprovedapplicationisopentothepublicatOU. TheanimalfacilitiesareperiodicallymonitoredandevaluatedbyIACUC.Introducingenvironmentalenrichmenthasbeenpromoted. AtSVM/HU,theanimalfacilityhasbeenaccreditedbytheAssociationforAssessmentandAccreditationofLaboratoryAnimalCare(AAALAC)Internationalsince2007.Socialanimalspeciessuchasdogs,mice,rats,andcattle,aregroup-housedandsingleanimalhousingisnotpermittedunlesstherearespecialscientificreasonsapprovedbyIACUC.HUreformedandexpandeditsplayingareasfordogsintheanimalfacilities.Peoplewhoarefoundtohaveactedcontrarytoanimalwelfaremustbereportedtothereportdesk(SOPM19). 5.1.11.Descriptionofhowandbywhothenumberandvarietyofanimalsandmaterialofanimaloriginforpre-clinicalandclinicaltraining,andtheclinicalservicesprovidedbytheEstablishmentaredecided,communicatedtostaff,studentsandstakeholders,implemented,assessedandrevised TheVNJpaysdetailedattentiontotheavailabilityoflearningmaterialsforstudents.Theprocessfortheuseofanimalsandanimal-derivedmaterialsforDayOneCompetencesisasfollows.1. TheInternationalAccreditationCommitteeandQA

Committeecollecttherelatedinformationonanimalresourcesandmaterials,includingtherequirednumberofanimalsandanimal-derivedmaterials,animalspeciesusedintheprogramme,allocationofhours,numberofpatientsattheVTHormobileclinic,subjectcontentandfeedbackfromstudentsandfacultymembers.ThedataarecollectedfromtheIACUC,andtheelectronicrecordsareheldattheVTHsandbytheSubjectCoordinators.

2. TheInternationalAccreditationCommitteeandQACommitteeanalysethedata(e.g.numberofanimalsandanimalmaterialsperstudent,hoursofpre-clinicalandclinicaltrainingusingtheanimalsandanimalmaterials)andwhetherthedatameettheESEVTstandards(requirements).

3. Iftherearenotenoughanimalresourcesavailable,a

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recommendationisreleasedfromInternationalAccreditationCommitteeandQACommitteetotheProgrammeExecutiveBoardandAcademicAffairsCommittee.

4. TheInternationalAccreditationCommitteehasdiscussionswiththerelevantfacultymembers,departments,divisionsandsectionstoclarifytheproblems(e.g.budgetandstaffingissues)anddevisesanimprovementplantoaddresstheissues.

5. TheProgrammeExecutiveBoardandInternationalAccreditationCommitteecooperatetoimplementtheplan.

6. Steps1–5arerepeatedperiodically.Wealsoassess

thecurrentstatuswheneverrelevantguidelinesorSOPs(nationallegislation,theVMMCC,EAEVESOP,anEUDirective2005/36/EC,andOIE’sguidelines)arerenewedorrevised.Opinionsontheuseofanimalsfromstudents,animaltechniciansandresearchersarecollectedandsenttotheIACUC.TheIACUCaddressesandimprovestheproblems.

CommunicationwithinandbetweenstafftakesplaceatregularFacultyandFacultyMeeting,theminutesofmeetings,email,analogue/electronicnoticeboardsandseminars.

Table5.1.1.Cadaversandmaterialofanimaloriginusedinpracticalanatomicaltraining

Sapporo+ObihiroSpecies 2018 2017 2016 MeanCattle 173 173 172 172.7 Smallruminants 88 88 88 88.0 Pigs 79 80 80 79.7 Companionanimals 194 192 187 191.0 Equine 121 121 120 120.7 Poultry&rabbits 114 118 116 116.0 Exoticpets 21 21 21 21.0 Others(specify) 89 91 62 80.7

*Cadaversandbodyparts,liveanimals,fixedpreparations,wholebonesets,plastinates,anatomicalmodelsareused.*Others:Species:rodents,aquaticanimalsandavarietyofwildlifespecies.

Table5.1.2.Healthyliveanimalsusedforpre-clinicaltraining(animalhandling,physiology,animal production,propaedeutic,..) Sapporo+Obihiro

Species 2018 2017 2016 MeanCattle 149 158 152 153.0 Smallruminants 11 11 12 11.3 Pigs 13 10 10 11.0 Companionanimals 42 55 69 55.3 Equine 8 22 8 12.7 Poultry&rabbits 84 83 83 83.3 Exoticpets 0 0 0 0.0 Others(specify)* 2,497 2,614 2,629 2,580.0

*Others:zebrafish(Approx.65%oftotalnumberofothers),rodents,frogsanddeer.

Table5.1.3.Numberofpatients*seenintra-murally(intheVTH)*1

Sapporo+ObihiroSpecies 2018 2017 2016 MeanCattle 180 161 100 147.0 Smallruminants 6 5 2 4.3 Pigs 0 2 1 1.0 Companionanimals 17,797 18,320 16,987 17,701.3 Equine 418 240 100 252.7 Poultry&rabbits 9 1 3 4.3 Exoticpets 40 4 12 18.7 Others(specify)*2 3 22 12 12.3

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*1ThenumberofpatientsisthesumofpatientvisitsattheVTHsofbothlocations.HU’sandOU’sVTHsusedifferentelectronicmedicalrecordsystems,andneitherrecordsystemcanextracttheepisodesautomatically.Therefore,weshowthesumofthenumberofpatientvisitsinthistable.

*2Others:hamster,guineapig,reptile,ornamentalfish,Japanesemonkey,cloudedleopard,cheetah.

Table5.1.4.Numberofpatients*seenextra-murally(intheambulatoryclinics)*1

Sapporo+Obihiro

*1ThenumberofpatientsisthesumofpatientvisitsattheVTHsatbothlocations.HU’sandOU’sVTHsusedifferentelectronicmedicalrecordsystems,andneitherrecordsystemcanextracttheepisodesautomatically.Therefore,weshowthesumofpatientvisitsinthistable.*2Thenumberofpatientshasincreasedinthepastthreeyears.ItisattributabletotheincreaseinthenumberofstaffmembersatOU’sLACandthecontractedfarms. *3Others:farmfish(salmon)andornamentalfish,brownbearsandwildlifeandzooanimals.

Table5.1.5.Percentage(%)offirst-opinionpatientsusedforclinicaltraining(bothintheVTHand ambulatoryclinics,i.e.tables5.1.3&5.1.4)Sapooro+Obihiro

Species 2018 2017 2016 MeanCattle 99.6 98.3 98.3 98.7 Smallruminants 50.0 100.0 100.0 83.3 Pigs 100.0 100.0 50.0 83.3 Companionanimals 22.8 26.7 32.7 27.4 Equine 96.3 96.7 91.2 94.7 Poultry&rabbits 62.5 100.0 100.0 87.5 Exoticpets 100.0 100.0 50.0 83.3 Others(specify)* 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

*Others:frogs,petbirds,hamster,guineapigs,reptile,salmon,ornamentalfish,wildlifeandzooanimals

Table5.1.6.Cadaversusedinnecropsy Sapporo+Obihiro

Species 2018 2017 2016 MeanCattle 123 114 93 110.0 Smallruminants 22 10 10 14.0 Pigs 8 56 53 39.0 Companionanimals 56 39 34 43.0 Equine 17 23 18 19.3 Poultry&rabbits 276 26 163 155.0 Exoticpets 9 1 1 3.7 Others(specify)* 50 85 86 73.7 *Others:Species:rodents,aquaticanimalsandavarietyofwildlifespecies.

Species 2018 2017 2016 MeanCattle*2 5,975 5,830 7,589 6,464.7 Smallruminants 746 54 106 302.0 Pigs 79 35 34 49.3 Companionanimals 0 0 0 0.0 Equine*2 1,021 1,320 1,232 1,191.0 Poultry&rabbits 0 0 0 0.0 Exoticpets 0 0 0 0.0 Others(specify)*3 88 355 300 247.7

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Table5.1.7.Numberofvisitsinherds/flocks/unitsfortraininginAnimalProductionandHerdHealth Management Sapporo+Obihiro

Species 2018 2017 2016 MeanCattle 759 772 743 758.0 Smallruminants 35 22 6 21.0 Pigs 20 16 21 19.0 Poultry&rabbits 3 3 0 2.0 Others 200 216 683 366.3

Equine 198 212 681 363.7 Fishfarm 2 4 2 2.7

*Thenumberofpatientshasincreasedinthepastthreeyears.ItisattributabletotheincreaseinacademicstaffattheLAC.

Table5.1.8.NumberofvisitstoslaughterhousesandrelatedpremisesfortraininginFSQ

Sapporo+ObihiroSpecies 2018 2017 2016 MeanRuminant’sslaughterhouses* 4 4 3 3.7Pig’sslaughterhouses* 4 4 2 3.3Poultryslaughterhouses 2 2 0 1.3Relatedpremises 10 10 6 8.7Others(specify) 0 0 0 0

*OU’sslaughterhouseisincluded. TheFSQprogrammeincludesavisittotheslaughterhousesofpigsandpoultry,whichwasopenedin2017. 5.2. CommentsThecaseloadsattheclinicshaveincreasedinthepastthreeyears(Tables5.1.3and5.1.4).Thisismostlyattributabletotheincreaseinclinicalstaffforsmallandlargeanimals. Since2012,OUrecruitedatotalofeightacademicstaffmembersfortheLAC(six)andSAC(two)andoneappointedclinicalprofessorofequinesurgeon,threeveterinariansaswellasfiveLACsupportstaffmemberstostrengthentheeducationalandresearchcapabilitiesofclinicalscience.Theseimprovementshaveincreasedthenumberofsmallandfarmanimalandequinecases,whichareadequateforourstudents. ThereisanewcontractforcollaborationineducationandresearchactivitiesbetweenHUandSapporoCity.HUhasstartedaspay/neutertrainingattheAnimalWelfareandManagementCenterinSapporosince2018. Necropsycaseload:OUhascontractswithlocalpigandpoultryfarmsforthedonationofdiseased/deadanimals

fornecropsytrainingtoensurethesufficientnumberofnecropsycasesofthesespecies. FurtherclinicaltrainingsforpigsandpoultryatfarmsinObihiroAgricultureHighSchoolisbeingplannedunderthecooperationagreementwithOU.TheretiredhenswillbedonatedtoDVM/OU,andusedforaFSQtrainingsuchasante-andpost-mortemexaminations. 5.3. Suggestions for improvement MostcompanionanimalownersinJapandonotrequestnecropsiesfortheirpets.Onefactoristhetraditionalculturalbelief.Accordingly,thenumberofnecropsiesforcompanionanimalsislimited(eventhoughtheyareperformedfreeofcharge).Ourestablishmentisworkingonincreasingthenumberofnecropsiesofcompanionanimals,butitisalsousingbiopsysamplesasteachingmaterials.

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Standard 6: Learning resources 6.1 Factual Information (Findings)6.1.1.DescriptionofthemainlibraryoftheEstablishment:-)staff(FTE)andqualifications-)openinghoursanddays-)annualbudget-)facilities:locationinthecampus,globalspace,numberofrooms,numberofseats-)equipment:numberofcomputers,numberofelectricalconnectionsforportablePCavailablesoftware’sforbibliographicalsearch-)numberofveterinarybooksandperiodicals-)numberofveterinarye-booksande-periodicals-)numberofother(e)booksand(e)periodicalsSapporoTheuniversityhastwomainlibraries(Centrallibrary,18,381m2, andNorthlibrary,6,250m2)and17branchlibrariesthatbelongtoindividualfaculties.ThelibraryatSVM/HU(VeterinaryLibrary)isoneofthesubsidiarylibrariesofHUmainlibrary,whichislocatedonthefirstfloorofthemainbuildingandhasareadingandstudyroom(56m2)thatisaccessible24hoursaday.ThreePCsareconnectedtothelibrarydatabasesandavailableforallusers.Studentsandstaffarealsoallowedtoaccessthe

librarydatabasesviaWi-Fi/LANusingtheirownPCfromanyplacesonoroffcampus.Therearetwostackrooms(112m2and56m2)andonelibrarian’sroom(28m2)inthelibrary.Thelibrarianstaysinthelibraryfrom08:30to17:00fromMondaytoFriday.Onweekendsandholidaysandafter17:00onweekdays,students’andthestaff’sentrytothelibraryismanagedbyanelectroniccardkeysystemconnectedtothestudentandstaffIDcards.Thebudgetforthetwomainlibrariesandveterinarylibrary(euros)

Year CentralLibrary NorthLibrary Vet.Library2016 288,334.65 150,386.74 14,996.052017 288,823.99 155,051.30 11,838.992018 304,830.31 124,972.38 11,838.99

Thebudgetsfore-journalsinthelastthreeyearsare5,295,809.00euros(2016),4,730,634.55euros(2017)and4,853,985.79euros(2018).CentralLibraryHP:https://www.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/en/

VeterinaryLibraryatSVM/HUStaff(FTE)andqualifications 1Librarian,9:00-17:00Openinghoursanddays 24h,unmanoperation17:00-9:00onweekdaysandwholedayon

weekends No.ofveterinarybooksandperiodicals 35,884books,1,437periodicalsNo.ofveterinarye-booksande-periodicals e-books:338,e-periodicals:115

(265audio-visualmaterials)

ObihiroAdescriptionofthemainlibraryattheObihirocampuscanbefoundonthefollowingwebsite:http://www.obihiro.ac.jp/en/navi-library/Currently,theentirepropertyofthemainLibraryhasundergonemajorrenovationduetoageing.Thenewlibrarywillopeninsummer2019.Meanwhile,atemporallibraryissetupinthelobbyofBuilding1.Thefollowingdescriptionisaboutthepreviouslibrary(2018).Briefinformationofthenewlibraryisdescribedinthe‘Comments’section.ThereisnodedicatedlibraryfortheFacultyofVeterinaryMedicine;rather,theOUlibraryisacommonfacilityforalleducationunits.Thelibraryisatwo-storeystructureadjacenttoGeneralResearchBuilding1andtheLectureBuilding.Thetotalfloorareais2,254m2.Thelibraryincludesareadingroom(166seats,425m2)equippedwitheightbibliographicsearchterminalsandanareaforaudio-visualmaterials,threestackrooms(firstfloorstackroom849m2,includingthereadingarea;secondfloorstackroom137m2,thirdfloorstackroom137m2),anoffice(70m2),twogroupstudyrooms(24m2)andaPCbrowsingroom(16PCs,50m2).

Annualbudgetofthepastthreeyears,excludingpersonnelandbuildingrenovationandmaintenance:426,243.09euros(2016),424,356.75euros(2017),434,301.50euros(2018).Approx.80%ofthebudgetisusedforthecontractofe-journalsande-databaseandpurchasingtextbooks,e-booksandmagazines.Onlineaccesstothelicensedjournalsanddatabasesisavailablefromacomputerinthelibraryorfromanyplaceoncampus(off-campusaccessusingVPNwillbeavailablefromApril2019).6.1.2.DescriptionofthesubsidiarylibrariesSapporoSee6.1.1.ObihiroThereisnosubsidiarylibraryoncampus.However,therearereferenceroomsintheSACandLAC,andmostofthemareplacedinthecommonspace,allowingstudentsaccesstoveterinaryclinicalbooksatanytime.TheLAC’sReferenceRoom223(33m2)isopen24/7andhastenseats,approx.300booksandonePC.

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OU’sLibraryInformationStaff(FTE)andqualifications 6.84(4permanent&4part-timestaff)

Threepermanentsandtwopart-timestaffpossessaLibrariancertification.Openinghoursanddays Weekdays Weekends

Duringterm-time 8:30–21:00 09:30–17:30Duringvacations 8:30–17:15 closed

Examinationperiod 8:30–22:00 Sat.09:30–21:00No.ofveterinarybooksandperiodicals 212,644books,6,122journals No.ofveterinarye-booksande-periodicals e-journal:over23,000titlesincluded(ScienceDirect,SpringerLink,Wiley

OnlineLibrary,VeterinaryRecord,Nature,Science,ProNAS,AmericanChemicalSociety,JournalofBiologicalChemistry,BioOne,otherJapanesee-journals)e-book:over3,200e-database:WebofScience,JournalofCitationReport,JDreamIII,otherJapanesedatabases

No.ofother(e)booksand(e)periodicals 2,413audio-visualmaterials

6.1.3.DescriptionoftheITfacilitiesandofthee-learningplatform SapporoThechairpersonofAcademicAffairsCommitteeandoneITsupportstaffareresponsibleformanagingthee-learningplatform.MoststudentsusetheirownPCs,buttwoPCroomsequippedwith45and10PCs,respectively,areavailable24hoursaday.WirelessLANaccesspointsfortheEduroamanduniversityLANcovermostofthecampusarea.TheInformationInitiativeCenter(IIC)isresponsibleforthemanagementofHokkaidoUniversityInformationNetworkSystem(HINES),whichcoversthewholenetworkofHokkaidoUniversitywithaconnectionspeedofoneGbps.TheIICprovidescampus-licensedsoftware(Adobe,antivirusapplication,Microsoftoffice,statistics,mathematics,GeographicInformationSystemandsoon)tostudentsandstaff. ObihiroITfacilities:InformationProcessingCenter(IPC)http://univ.obihiro.ac.jp/~ipcenter/Therearefourfull-time,dedicatedstaffmembersattheIPC.Aswellasplayingacentralroleintheuniversity'seducationandresearchon‘informationprocessing’,theIPCalsomanagesandoperatesthecampusnetworksystem.Allpartsofthecampus,includingtheofficeofeachfacultymember,laboratories,theuniversitylibrary,theFCASA,theVMCandtheadministrationbuildingareconnectedbyopticalcables,facilitatingtheeffective,mutualuseofinformationviathecampusandoff-campusnetworksystems.AconnectionspeedofoneGbpsissupported.Inaddition,therearemanywirelessLANaccesspoints.Therefore,itispossibletoconnectwirelesslyinmostpartsofthecampus.TheIPChasalsoconcludedcorporatelicenceagreementsforvarioussoftwareandapplicationsthatareusefulinacademicresearchandeducation(suchasMicrosoftOffice,anti-virussoftwareandstatisticalanalysissoftware),whichareprovidedfreeofchargetostudentsandfacultymemberswishingtousethem.Ithelpsto

preventtheunauthorizeduseofsoftware.TheIPCisendeavouringtostrengthennetworksecurityoncampus.6.1.4.Descriptionoftheavailableelectronicinformationande-learningcourses,andtheirroleinsupportingstudentlearningandteachinginthecorecurriculumVNJprovidesVetPortalandGlexaaslearningsupportsystemsthroughtheInternet.VetPortalsystemhttps://veteducation.jp/login.go?AD=initVetPortalisalearningsupportsystemaccessedviatheInternetandprovidesacademicinformationsuchaseachclass’slearningitems,schedules,notificationofcancellations,lectureroomchangesandexaminationtimetables.Studentscandownloadtheteachingmaterialsuploadedbytheirteachers. GlexasystemHU:http://ed.vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp/OU: http://glexa.obihiro.ac.jpGlexaisaself-studysupportsystemdevelopedasane-learningplatform.Facultymemberscancreateanduploadtheirowne-learningcontentandtrackinformationsuchasstudents’accessfrequencyandtestscoresonGlexatounderstandeachstudent’slevelofcomprehension.TheGlexasystemismanagedbytwofull-timesystemengineersatHUandOUtoensurethesystemoperatessmoothly. Thelistofcurrente-learningcontentsisshowninAppendix 24.6.1.5.DescriptionoftheaccessibilityforstaffandstudentstoelectroniclearningresourcesbothonandoffcampusThestaffandstudentscanaccessVetPortalandGlexaon-andoff-campususingtheirusernamesandIDs.

TheIPCandotherareasforstudents’PCusageattheObihiroCampus

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Room PC Printer Projector OpeninghoursTrainingroom1 60 2 1 8:50–17:00Trainingroom2 30 1 1 8:50–17:00Trainingroom3 32 1 1 8:50–17:00Intermediastudio 15 2 — 9:00–21:00CALLroom 60 1 — 8:50–17:00Browsingroom* 16 2 — 8:50–21:00KashiwaPlaza (communityspaceforstudents)*

6 — — Anytime

・ *StudentscanusethePCsinthesetwoareasatanytime.・ Allprintersarefull-colour.A3Dprinter,alarge-formatinkjetprinter(foruptoB0size),alarge-formatscanner(uptoA0),andfull-colour

printersareavailable.・ Freedeliveryoflicensedsoftware(MicrosoftOffice),anti-virussoftware,SASFoundation(statisticalanalysis)・ TheIPCstaffgivesannualsessionsandtrainingonnetworksecurity.

6.1.6.Descriptionofhowtheproceduresforaccesstoanduseoflearningresourcesaretaughttostudents.SapporoTheuniversityandveterinaryschoolprovideinstructions(classes,seminarsandFD/SD)onhowtouseweb-basedlearningresourcesandonlinesearchesinacademicdatabasesandlibrarycontents.Further,librariansprovideinstructionsessionsuponrequest.ObihiroTheproceduresrequiredtoaccessandusethelearningresourcesaretaughtatthetimeofenrolment.Thelibrariansalsogiveatourofthelibraryandofferperiodicsessionsonperformingonlinebibliographic,e-journalande-booksearches.6.1.7.DescriptionofhowandbywhothelearningresourcesprovidedbytheEstablishmentaredecided,communicatedtostaff,studentsandstakeholders,implemented,assessedandrevisedPortalSiteCommitteeThePortalSiteCommitteeisoneofthejointcommittees,whichisresponsibleforthemaintenanceandimprovementoftheportalsitessuchasVetPortalandGlexa.Thecommitteegathersthefeedbackfromstudentsandacademicstafffortheimprovementoftheportalsitesande-learningcontents.TherelevantinformationiscommunicatedattheProgramExecutiveBoard,theFacultyMeeting,orontheportalsites.SapporoTheScienceInformationCommitteeinHU,comprisingsixfacultymembers(professorsorassociateprofessors)invariousfieldsandalibrarian,isresponsibleforsettingthebudgetandpolicyfortheselectionofbooks,periodicalsanddatabases.Thecommitteeperiodicallycollectsrequestsonlearningresourcesfromstudentsandstaff.Thebudgetandselectionpolicyforlibrarycontentsaredecidedbythecommittee.TheEducationSystemReformOfficeSteeringCommitteedecidethepoliciesfortherevisionandmaintenanceofe-learningcontentsandrelateddevices.ThedecisionsofthesecommitteesareapprovedbytheFacultyMeetingandannouncedtofacultymembersandstudentsvianotices,e-mailsandwebsiteannouncements.Thelibrarycanpurchasenew

booksuponstudents’requestsanytimewithinthelimitsofthebudget.ObihiroThelibraryismanagedbytheUniversityLibraryManagementCommitteeandconsistsofalibrarydirector,sevenfacultymembersfromeachoftheresearchdepartments,thedirectoroftheUniversityEducationalAffairsCenter(CUEA)andthedirectoroftheAcademicInformationOffice.Thecommitteeisresponsibleformanagingthebudgetandimprovingtheholdingsinconsiderationofthestakeholders’opinionsandlibrarypolicy.Muchoftheannualbudgetisspentonthepurchaseofbooksandsubscriptionfeesfore-journalsanddatabases. Alibraryuserguideisavailableinbothprintedandonlineversions.Thelibrarystaffregularlyholdorientationclassesandtourstohelpusers.Thelibrarycatalogue(onlinepublicaccesscatalogue:OPAC)allowsuserstosearchthelibrary’sholdings.Students,facultymembersandstaffcansubmitpurchaserequests(forbooks,periodicals,e-journalsanddatabases)throughthewebsite.Thereisalsoasuggestionboxinthelibrarywhereuserscanposttheirrequestsandcomments.Users’opinionsandrepliesfromthelibraryareuploadedtothewebsite. 6.2. Comments AlllibrariesatHUandOUareopentothepublic.Pre-registeredusersfromoutsidetheuniversitycanusebooksandperiodicalsduringthelibrary’sopeninghours. MainlibraryatOUiscurrentlyunderconstruction.Thenotablechangesfromtherenovationincludeanincreaseinthespaceandseatsofthereadingarea,andincreaseofagroupstudyareacalledthe“LearningCommons” 6.3. Suggestions for improvement Wearetryingtocreatemoree-learningcontenttosupportstudents’self-directedlearning.Thefeedbackorinputfromstudentswillbecollectedforfurtherimprovementofthecontents(laterin2019).ThephysicalserverlifespanforGlexaisfivetosixyears.ReplacingtheserverisneededinFY2019.

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Standard 7: Student admission, progression and welfare 7.1. Factual Information (Findings) 7.1.1.DescriptionofhowtheeducationalprogrammeproposedbytheEstablishmentisadvertisedtoprospectivestudentsTwouniversitiesrunseparateadmissionprocedures. InformationontheeducationalprogrammeofferedbyVNJ,includingtheadmissionpolicy,programmeoutlines,futurecareeroptionsandcampuslife,areavailableonthewebsitesofSVM/HUandbrochuresissuedbyeachoftheveterinaryschools.TheSVM/HUandOUalsoofferannual‘opencampus’toursandconsultationmeetingsinTokyo,Osaka,Nagoyaandothercitiesforprospectivestudents. Thewebsitesforprospectivestudentsareasfollows:HU:https://www.hokudai.ac.jp/admission/OU:http://www.obihiro.ac.jp/~nyushi/index.htmlOpenCampusDaysBothuniversitiesprovideprospectivestudentstheopportunitytomeetfacultymembersHU:https://www.hokudai.ac.jp/admission/about/events.htmlOU:https://www.obihiro.ac.jp/navi-openOrientationandConsultationforAdmissionHU:https://www.hokudai.ac.jp/admission/about/events.htmlOU:https://www.obihiro.ac.jp/briefingDigitalbookofuniversityinformationHU:https://edu.career-tasu.jp/p/digital_pamph/frame.aspx?id=7500000-0-2&FL=0OU:https://web-pamphlet.jp/obihiro/2019p/html5.html#page=17.1.2.Descriptionoftheadmissionproceduresforstandardstudents: -)selectioncriteria:GeneralEntranceExamination(“IppanNyuushi”)Asmentionedabove,HUandOUimplementadmissionproceduresindependently.Aftercompletinghighschoolortheequivalenteducation,allprospectivestudentswhowanttoapplytoSVM/HUorOUmusttaketheNationalCenterTestforUniversityAdmissions(hereafterreferredtoastheCenterTest)heldbytheNationalCenterofUniversityEntranceExaminations(NCUEE). TheCenterTestisdividedintomanysubjects.TheuniversityhasitsownprerequisitesregardingwhatsubjectsintheCenterTestarerequiredforadmission.ForbothforSVM/HUandOU,theapplicantschoosesevensubjectsfromfivecategories:“JapaneseLanguageandLiterature”,onesubjectfrom“SocialStudies(ContemporarySociety,Ethics,PoliticsandEconomics,Geography,WorldHistoryorJapaneseHistory)”,one

subjectfrom“Foreignlanguages(English,German,French,ChineseorKorean)”,twosubjectsfrom“Mathematics”andtwosubjectsfrom“Sciences(Physics,Chemistry,BiologyandEarthScience)”. TheCenterTestscoreisusedasanindicatoroftheapplicant’sacademicperformance.ApplicantswishingtoenterSVM/HUorDVM/OUaregenerallyrequiredtoobtainatleastan85to88%scoreontheCenterTest(theaveragescoreofallapplicantsinJapanisaround62-64%).EachuniversityadministersitsownexaminationsaftertheCenterTest.Twoentranceexaminationschedulesareavailable(PrimaryandSecondary).InadditiontotheCenterTest,thescoresoftheseexaminationsareusedfortheevaluationofapplicants. 1. GeneralEntranceExamination(Primary)

ApplicantsareselectedbasedontheirCenterTestscoresandapaper-basedentranceexaminationofthemajorsubjects(‘ForeignLanguages’,‘Mathematics’and‘Science’).Regarding‘ForeignLanguage’,applicantstoHUcanchooseonefromfourlanguages(English,German,FrenchandChinese)andonlyEnglishatOU.Additionally,HUhasuniqueselectionprocedureafterenrolment,studentswhohavepassedtheHumanities/ScienceTrackEntranceExaminationchooseaspecializedcourseattheendoftheirfirstyear.AmaximumoffiveapplicantsareselectedbasedontheirGPAandaretransferredtoSVM.

2. GeneralEntranceExamination(Secondary)

AtHU,applicantsareselectedbasedtheirscoresontheCenterTestandapaper-basedexamination(2sciencesubjectsfromPhysics,ChemistryandBiology)andaninterview.AtOU,applicantsareselectedonthebasisoftheirscoresontheCenterTest,anessayandaninterview.

Specialadmission(“TokubetsuNyuushi”,onlyavailableatHU)Twotypesofspecialadmissionareoffered,theselectioncriteriaforwhichfollow.1. Returneestudents(“Kikoku-ShijoNyuushi”):The

two-stepselectionisadoptedforreturneeapplicants.Intheprimaryselection,theapplicantisassessedbasedonahighschoolevaluationreportandrecommendationoressayandrecordsofsocialactivities.Thestudentswhopasstheprimaryselectioncanapplytothesecondexaminationstep.Thesubjectsofthesecondselectionincludeapaper-basedexaminationofPhysics,ChemistryandBiologyandaninterview.

2. Privatelyfinancedinternationalstudents(“ShihiRyugakuseiNyuushi”):Atwo-stepscreeningis

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adoptedforapplicants.Intheprimaryscreening,theapplicantisevaluatedbasedonexaminationsofsciencesubjects(PhysicsorChemistryandBiology),mathematicsandJapaneseproficiency,whichareconductedbytheExaminationforJapaneseUniversityAdmissionforInternationalStudents.Inthesecondscreening,theapplicantisevaluatedviapaper-basedexaminations(Physics,ChemistryandBiology)andaninterviewandscoreofEnglishproficiencyexamination.

-)policyfordisableandillstudents:SincetheDisabilityDiscriminationActissuedbytheJapaneseGovernment,effective1April2016,HUandOUhavesetpolicyandconsultationproceduresfordisabledorillstudentsapplyingforadmissiontotheirschools.Noapplicantwillbedisadvantagedbydisability,ahealthcondition,oralearningdifficultyduringtheadmissionprocess.Theapplication(admission)guidelinesincludeinformationforapplicantswithadisabilityandsuchapplicantscanattendaconsultationpriortoapplyingtodiscussanyadjustmentstheymayrequire.Therelevantweblinksare:HU:https://www.hokudai.ac.jp/admission/exam/special-assistance.html OU:https://www.obihiro.ac.jp/handicapped-)compositionandtrainingoftheselectioncommittee: Compositionoftheselectioncommittee: SapporoTheSelectionCommitteefortheEntranceExaminationofuniversity,whichconsistsofthepresident,vicepresidentsanddeansofthefaculties,isresponsibleforthepolicyofentranceexaminationandforapprovalofenrolleesattheuniversitylevel(Appendix 25).TheAdmissionCenterofuniversityconductsallproceduresofGeneralEntranceExaminationandSpecialadmissions,includingdevelopmentofexaminationquestionnaires,scoring,publicrelationsforexaminees.TheAdmissionCenterconsistsofvicepresident,deans/directorofseveraldepartments/centers,professorsandassociateprofessorsselectedbydeanofeachfaculty.ThememberswhocreatequestionsandscoretheentranceexaminationintheAdmissionCenterareconfidentiallyselected. AttheSVM/HU,theEntranceExaminationCommittee,consistingof15veterinaryprofessors,isresponsibleforadministeringthereturneestudententranceexaminationandtheentranceexaminationforprivatelyfinancedinternationalstudents(SpecialAdmissions).TheEntranceExaminationCommitteemembersareselectedbydeanbasedontheirexpertiseandexperiences.ObihiroThecommitteesandorganisationsresponsibleforadmissionareshowninAppendix 26 and 27.TheAdmissionCounciloftheUniversityEducationalAffairsCenter(CEAU)consistsofthedirectorofthecenter,executivevicepresident,departmentchair,headsofdivisions,andotherprofessorsdesignatedbythe

director,assistedbytheAdmissionUnit(foradministrativepurposes). TheEntranceExaminationPreparationCommitteeconvenesinAprileachyear(tenmonthsbeforetheexamination)andusuallyconsistsoffivetosevenfacultymembersforeachexaminationsubject.Thenamesofthemembersselectedarewithheldtomaintainfairness.Thecommitteeisresponsiblefordevisingtheentranceexaminationquestionsandscoringallexaminationpapers. Trainingrelevantfacultymembers: Thefacultymemberswhosettheentranceexaminationquestionsorinterviewapplicantsareselectedbythedeanandrelevantcommitteesatbothlocations,basedontheirexpertiseandexperiencewiththeadmissionprocess.TheyperformtheirdutiesinaccordancewiththeGuidelinesforthePreparationofEntranceExaminationsandInterviews.TheEntranceExaminationPreparationCommitteeundertakesseveralroundsofdiscussiononthecontentandqualityoftheentranceexaminationquestionsbasedontheguidelines,andthechairpersonsummarizestheoutcomeofthesediscussions.BothuniversitiesdeviseandimplementguidancemeetingsandFD/SDtrainingforthestaffresponsibleforprovidingacomprehensiveoverviewoftheundergraduateadmissionprocessaswellastheoreticalandpracticalinformationconcerningadmissionprocedures.Inaddition,anexternaltrainingprogrammeforadmissionisprovidedbytheNationalCenterforUniversityEntranceExamination.-)appealprocess: AccordingtotheNationalCenterforUniversityEntranceExamination’sGuidelinesforInformationDisclosure,developedbytheJapanAssociationofNationalUniversities,noappealprocessiscurrentlyavailablefortheselectionprocessatnationaluniversitiesinJapan.However,testscorecanbeprovideduponrequest.・QueryprocessforthetestscoreHU:https://www.hokudai.ac.jp/admission/admission-info/31-32.html OU:https://www.obihiro.ac.jp/result-disclosure -)advertisementofthecriteriaandtransparencyoftheprocedures: Alltheselectioncriteria(i.e.,allotments/ratiosofscoresforpaper-basedexaminationsandinterviews)areavailabletothepubliconthehomepageofeachuniversityandinabrochureoutliningtheguidelinesforadmissionissuedbyeachuniversity. ・Selectioncriteriaforthe2019entranceexamination HU:https://www.hokudai.ac.jp/admission/exam/OU:https://www.obihiro.ac.jp/wp/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/H31gakubu_henkou.pdf・AtOU,previousexamquestionsandsampleanswersareofficiallyreleasedtothepublic https://www.obihiro.ac.jp/past-problems

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7.1.3.Descriptionoftheadmissionproceduresforfullfeestudents Notapplicable.NeitherHUnorOUhasacategoryforfullfee-payingstudents. 7.1.4.DescriptionofhowtheEstablishmentadaptsthenumberofadmittedstudentstotheavailableeducationalresourcesandthebiosecurityandwelfarerequirementsTheadmissionquotasforSVM/HUandDVM/OUareamaximumof40ateachlocationperyear.ThisnumberisdeterminedbasedonArticle18-2,ChapterVinAdmissionCapacityofStandardsforEstablishmentofUniversities.However,bothuniversitieshaveaslightdegreeofautonomyinthattheycanincreasetheiradmissionquotas(byapproximately5%atHUand10%atOU)basedonentranceexaminationresults.Ingeneral,thenumberofenrolledstudentsisdeterminedbytheresourcesoftheacademicstaff,facilities,equipmentandtheothereducationalfactors.Thus,thecurrentfacilitiesandwelfarerequirementsatbothlocationsaredesignedtoaccommodatethemaximumnumberofstudents.Theeducationalresourcessufficeforthecurrentnumberofstudents. Forpre-clinicalandclinicaltrainingatonsiteandoffsitefarms,weadjustthesizesofstudentgroupsandnumbersofacademicandsupportstaffinaccordancewiththesizeofeachfacilityandthebiosecuritymeasuresofeachfarmtomeetitsbiosecurityprotocol.7.1.5.Descriptionof:-)theprogressioncriteriaandproceduresforallstudents: Therequirementsforprogressiontoasubsequentyearofthecoursearestrictlyadheredtoandstudentswhodonotfulfiltheserequirementsmaynotprogresstothesubsequentyear(detentionmethod).Therequirementsareasfollow:1. Studentswhohaveobtainedatleast32general

educationsubjects(foundation/coreeducation)creditsmayprogresstoYear2.

2. Studentswhohaveobtainedatleast46generaleducationsubject(foundation/coreeducation)creditsand79credits(limitedtorequiredsubjects)inspecialistsubjects(developmenteducation)mayprogresstoYear4.

3. Studentswhohaveobtainedatleast120creditsintherequiredsubjectsprogresstoYear5.Studentswhoaredetainedmustregisteragaintoobtaintheircreditsafterthenextyear.ThegradeappealprocessisdescribedinStandard8.1.4.Thereisnoappealprocessforprogression.

-)theremediationandsupportforstudentswhodonotperformadequately: RetakingexaminationsStudentsmustpassthefinalexaminationheldattheendofeachsemestertoearncredits.Failedexaminationsgenerallycanbereattemptedduringtheexaminationperiod.

LearningsupportsystemConcernedaboutthestressfulnatureofveterinarystudy,wecarefullymonitorstudents’learningperformanceusingseveralindicators,includingthenumberofrequiredcreditsawarded,gradepoints,examinationscoresandattendancerate.Ifweidentifyastudentwhoisnotperformingadequately,theclassteachers,subjectcoordinatorsandotherfacultymemberswillofferaconsultation,whichmaybeinformalorformal,inwhichtheywillmakesupportivesuggestionstoenablethestudenttocontinuewithhis/herstudies. Studentsarealsoadvisedtohaveameetingwiththedeanofthefaculty,thedepartmentchair(onlyatOU)and/ortheChairpersonoftheAcademicAffairsCommittee,ifnecessary,todiscusstheproblemandfindanappropriatesolution.Studentswhosepoorcourseperformanceisassociatedwithanemotional/mentalorphysicalproblemareencouragedtoattendcounsellingwiththedoctorsandcounsellorsoncampus.Iftherearetechnicalproblemscontributingtotheirinadequateacademicperformance,thestudentscanreceivepeerlearningsupportasdescribedbelow. Bothuniversitieshavealearningsupportsection. HU: http://asc.high.hokudai.ac.jp/OU: http://www.obihiro.ac.jp/~cea/(Appendix27)Thesesectionsprovidevariousservicesforstudentswhohaveproblemswithlearning.Theycanreceiveadvicefromtutors(seniorundergraduateorgraduatestudents),takeseminarsonstudyandacademicskills,andhavesupplementarylessonsandcounselling.Studentcanalsoreceiveadvicefrommoreseniorstudentsinapeersupportroom.Inaddition,thereisastudentcounsellingroomisavailable.OfficeforStudentsDisabilityhttps://www.obihiro.ac.jp/study-supportOfficeforStudentCounseling:https://www.obihiro.ac.jp/navi-student-counseling-room-)therateandmaincausesofattrition: Over95%ofstudentscompletetheircoursesofstudy.Themaincausesofattritionintheremainingfive%areincompleteacquisitionoftherequirednumberofcreditsorpersonalissues,whichmaybemental,physical,orfinancial.-)theexclusionandappealprocedures: Studentsareallowedamaximumof12yearstocompletetheir6-yearprogramme(maximumoftwoyearsforyear1,fouryearsforyears2–3,twoyearsforyear4andfouryearsforyears5–6).Studentswhocannotcompletethefullcoursein12yearsmustleavetheschool.Studentswhocannotproceedtothenextgradearenotifiedofthemaximumperiodforwhichtheycanremaininthecourse.Studentswhodonotpaytheirtuitionfeesfortwoconsecutivesemestersareexpelledfromtheuniversity.FromApril2019,studentswhodonotpaytheirtuitionfeesforonesemesterwillbeexpelledfromHU.TheProgrammeExecutiveBoardmakesthedecisionregardinganexclusionanditsdecisionmustbeapproved

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bytheVNJCouncil.Thereisnosystemforappealinganexclusion. -)theadvertisementtostudentsandtransparencyofthesecriteria/proceduresAllcriteria/proceduresareexplainedtostudentsattheyear1orientation.Studentscanaccessallrelevantinformationatanytimeeitheronthewebsiteorinthestudenthandbookprovidedbyeachuniversity.7.1.6.Descriptionoftheservicesavailableforstudents(i.e.registration,teachingadministration,mentoringandtutoring,careersadvice,listeningandcounselling,assistanceincaseofillness,impairmentanddisability,clubsandorganisations,..).VariousservicesareavailableforveterinarystudentsatHUandOU.Studentsareinformedoftheseservicesviaseveralchannels,includingthestudenthandbook,noticeboards,e-mails,websites,SNS,guidance/year1orientationandconsultations. SupportforregistrationandteachingadministrationStudentshaveopportunitiestoattendanorientationandguidanceprogrammetolearnhowtheyshouldapproachthesubjectsrequiredtocompletetheveterinaryeducationprogramme.Theclassteachersandsupportstaffoftheacademicaffairssection/unitcanhelpstudentstounderstandtheclasssubjectregistrationprocess.Thereisalsoacounsellingroomwherestudentscandiscusstheirproblemswithvariousaspectsoflifeoncampus.Bothuniversitiesalsohavepeersupportroomsforlearning,asdescribedabove. CareersupportTheCareerCenterateachuniversityundertakes:1)disseminationofinformation;2)consultationconcerningjobhunting(includingacritiqueofresumes,mockinterviewsandcareercounselling);3)jobhuntingseminars,4)guidanceonattendingcompanyresearchseminars;and5)supportforparticipationinaninternship. HealthcareserviceThereistheHealthCareCenterateachuniversity(comprisedofsixdoctors,onedentist,threeclinicalpsychologistsandtwonursesatHUandonedoctorandtwonursesatOU)tosupportthehealthofstudentsandstaff.Theservicesavailableincludecounsellingonnutritionandfirstaid.Bothuniversitieshaveacounsellingroom(staffedbytwodoctors,onenurseandfivecounsellorsatHUandbytwocounsellorsatOU).Theymanageanyemotionalorpersonalproblemsstudentsmayexperienceinrelationtotheircoursesofstudyoreverydaystudentlife.Allstudentsarerequiredtoenrolinastudenthealthinsuranceplanofferedbytheuniversitiesatareasonablefeetocoveranyinjuriesoraccidentsthatmayoccurduringtheprogramme.SupportservicesforstudentswithspecialcaresStudentswhoneedspecialsupport(e.g.forspecificlearningdifficulties,physicalandmentaldisabilities,orautismspectrumdisorder)canconsultwiththestaffattheOfficeforStudentswithDisabilities(OSD)atboth

universities.Theseofficesfacilitateservicesandimplementreasonableadjustmentstoprovideequalityofeducationalopportunityforallstudents,incooperationwiththerelevantsectionsandhealthcareandcounsellingstaff. FD/SDcontentonthelatestinformationandskillstosupportstudentswithspecialneedsareprovidedforacademicandsupportstafftoupdatetheirknowledge. Forstudentsinfinancialdifficulty,thebothuniversitiesprovidea25,50,or100%waiveroftuitionfeesprovidingthattheymaintainanexcellentacademicrecord(25%waiverisnotavailableinOU).Informationonscholarshipsfordomesticandinternationalstudentsarealsoavailableonthenoticeboardsoncampus,bye-mailandonthewebsites.StudentswhowishtoobtainmoreinformationabouttheseservicesshouldconsultwiththestaffintheAcademicAffairsSectionandStudentServicesSection. ClubsandorganisationsAtleast50studentclubs,organisationsandgroupsareofficiallyrecognisedbyeachuniversityandcoversports,Japanesemartialarts,traditionalJapanesearts,music,danceandrecreation.TheOfficeforStudentandExtracurricularActivitiesinStudentServicesSectioninAcademicAffairsatbothuniversitiesdealwithextracurricularactivitiesforstudents.Atleastoneacademicstaffmemberworksasanadvisorforeachclub.Clubleadersarerequiredtoattendaccidentpreventionseminarsheldateachlocation.Studentswhobelongtoclubs/organisations/groupsshouldtakeaninsuranceplantocoverinjuriesoraccidentsduringactivities. OtherservicesDormitories,dininghalls,universityshops,clubbuildingswithroomsandsportsfacilitiesforextracurricularactivities,areavailableatbothuniversities.LodgingandLearningFacility"Akkamui"isavailableatOUtoaccommodateHUstudentswhohaveclinicalrotationatOU. 7.1.7.Prospectivenumberofnewstudentsadmittedbytheestablishmentinthenext3academicyearsTheprospectivenumberofnewveterinarystudentsateachuniversitywillbe40forthenextthreeyears.Giventhatthenumberofapplicantshasbeenfourtoeighttimestheenrolmentlimitforthepastthreeyears,weexpecttofilltheadmissionquota.7.1.8.Descriptionofhowandbywhotheadmissionprocedures,theadmissioncriteria,thenumberofadmittedstudentsandtheservicestostudentsaredecided,communicatedtostaff,studentsandstakeholders,implemented,assessedandrevised.ThecommitteesrelatedtoadmissionmattersareshowninAppendix5and25(HU)andAppendix6and26(OU). Planning,decisionandapprovalofadmissionproceduresTheEntranceExaminationCommitteeandAdmissionSectionateachuniversityareresponsiblefordraftingaplanoftheadmissionproceduresannually.Theproposal

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isdiscussedattheFacultyMeeting(SVM/HU)orAdmissionCouncil(OU)andapprovedbythepresidentateachuniversity.Communicationwithstudents,staffandstakeholdersApprovedadmissionproceduresarecommunicatedtoacademicandadministrativestaffinfacultyandstaffmeetings,bynotice,minutes,e-mailandFD/SDseminars.

Asdescribedin7.1.1,informationonadmissionproceduresisopentothepublic.ApplicantsandprospectivestudentscanaddresstheirquestionsdirectlytotheAdmissionSectionbye-mailortelephone.Alistoffrequentquestionsandanswersisavailableontheuniversities’websites.

Implementing,assessingandrevisingadmissionproceduresImplementation:TheAdmissionCouncilandAdmission/AcademicAffairsSectionareresponsiblefortheimplementationofadmissionprocedures.Theentranceexaminationisadministeredateachuniversitybyprofessorsandsupportstaffwhoaredirectedbythepresidentsofeachuniversity.

Assessmentandrevision:Admissionproceduresandcriteriaarereviewedbytherelevantcommitteesandapprovedbyafacultymeetingateachlocation.Theadmissionguidelinesarereviewedannuallyandareopentothepublicviabrochuresandtheuniversitywebsites.

Theselectionprocess(includingexaminationquestions)andselectioncriteriaarereviewedatleasttwiceayearbytheTestDevelopmentandSelectionCommitteefortheEntranceExaminationateachuniversityandtheEntranceExaminationCommitteeateachveterinaryschool.Theyensurethatstudentsareselectedappropriatelyandimproveormodifytheprocessifnecessary. Onthebasisoftheinformationonstudents’progressandlearningoutcomes,providedbytheAcademicAffairsSectionandtheInstitutionalResearchOffice,thereviewmeetingofadmissionproceduresanalysestheadequacyandeffectivenessoftheadmissionprocedureandrecommendsrevisionsasnecessary. ServicetostudentsTheStudentAffairsCommitteecollectsstudents’requestsconcerningacademicservicesattheannualmeetingwithstudentrepresentatives.Studentscanalsopostcommentsinarequest/commentbox.Onthebasisofstudents’feedback,theAcademicAffairsCommitteeandtheStudentAffairsCommitteeassessandreviewtheacademicservices,changingorimprovingthemasnecessary.Ifservicesarerevised,theinformationisprovidedinthestudenthandbook,onthenoticeboard,bye-mail,ontheuniversitywebsitesandviatheVetPortal(seeStandard7.1.6).

Table7.1.1.NumberofnewveterinarystudentsadmittedbytheEstablishment

Typeofstudents* 2018 2017 2016 MeanStandardstudents(SVM/HU)*2 35 37 37 36.3 Standardstudents(DVM/OU) 40 40 40 40.0 Total 75 77 77 76.3

*Therearenofullfee-payingstudents

*2SVM/HUselectsamaximumof37studentsasFirstyearstudentsthroughtheentranceexamination.FivestudentsfromtheHumanities/ScienceTrackwilljoinSVMinthesecondyear.

Table7.1.2.NumberofveterinaryundergraduatestudentsregisteredattheEstablishment Sapporo+Obihiro

Yearofprogram 2018 2017 2016 MeanFirstyear 75 77 79 77.0Secondyear 83 82 87 84.0 Thirdyear 87 86 89 87.3Fourthyear 85 96 83 88.0Fifthyear 91 82 79 84.0Sixthyear 85 70 91 82.0Total 506 493 508 502.3

ThenumberofstudentsisthesumofthoseattheHUandOUveterinaryschools Table7.1.3.Numberofveterinarystudentsgraduatingannually

Typeofstudents* 2018 2017 2016 MeanStandardstudents(HU) 38 38 39 38.3 Standardstudents(OU) 44 32 42 39.3 Total 82 70 81 77.6

*Therearenofullfee-payingstudents

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Table7.1.4.Averagedurationofveterinarystudies Sapporo+Obihiro

DurationNumberofthestudentswhograduatedonAY2018

HU OU Total+0** 34 32 66+1year 4 10 14+2year 0 1 1+3yearormore 0 1 1

Table7.1.5.NumberofpostgraduatestudentsregisteredattheEstablishment* Sapporo

Programmes 2018 2017 2016 MeanInterns 10 12 13 11.7Residents 3 5 4 4.0PhDstudents 112 107 102 107.0Others(researchstudents) 9 11 1 7.0

ResearchstudentsObihiro

Programmes 2018 2017 2016 MeanInterns 3 2 6 3.7Residents 2 2 1 1.7PhDstudents 3 19 12 11.3MsCstudents 9 13 19 13.7Specialresearchstudents 14 14 8 12.0Clinicaltrainee 0 1 1 0.7

*Thetablesareshownseparatelyaspostgraduateeducationateachlocationisnotjointed. 7.2. Comments Theuseofinterviewsasapartoftheentranceexaminationensuresthatstudentsareselectedaccordingtosuitability,knowledgeandmotivationforacareerinveterinaryscience.Theratioofstudentswhograduatefromveterinaryschoolhasexceeded97%inthepastfiveyears,whichishighincomparisonwithotherdepartmentsattheuniversities.Thisexcellentresultcanbeattributedtothehighperformanceofourstudentsandthesupportiveguidancebyteachersandstaffduringtheprogramme. HUestablishedtheStudentAdviceandCounsellingCenterin2018,tointegrateexistingsupportsystems(generalcounsellinginJapaneseandEnglish,peersupportsystembyseniorstudents,healthcare,learningsupport,specialassistancefordisablestudents).Inaddition,toenhancetheaccessibilityfordisablestudents,HUsetuptheAccessibilityServicesOfficeinthecenter.

AtOU,specialadmissionsforreturnees,privatelyfinancedstudents,recommendedstudentsandtransferapplicantswerediscontinuedfrom2019.Thisisinresponsetothefindingsofareviewofcurrentadmissionproceduresthatindicatedunsatisfactorylearningoutcomesforstudentswhoenrolledviatheseroutes.Theadmissionprocedureswillbemodifiedwiththeaimofattractingmorequalifiedapplicants. 7.3. Suggestions for improvement Wewillenhanceaproactiveadvisingculturetofacilitatestudents’success.Byidentifyingearlysignalsfromstudentswhoarepotentialretentionrisks,wewouldliketosupporttheminproactivewaystointervenewithstudentsbeforetheyaskforhelp,providesolicitoussupport,andgivesolutionoptionsfortheirsuccess.

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Standard 8: Student assessment 8.1. Factual Information (Findings)8.1.1.Descriptionoftheglobalstudent’sassessmentstrategyoftheEstablishment Students’achievementineachsubjectisevaluatedbyasubjectcoordinatorusingthefollowingstrategies:paper-andweb-basedandoralexaminations,anoralpresentationforasummativeassessment,writtenessays/reports,interviews,learninglogbooks,quizzes,smalltests,multiple-choicetestsandhomeworkthroughe-learningsystems(Glexa)forformativeassessment. Studentsaregraded/creditedbasedontheGPAsystem(detailin8.1.4).Further,theVNJeducationprogrammesetsthreebarriers(minimumrequirementforcredits)allowingstudentstoprogresstothenextyear, i.e.oneforenteringthe2ndyear,oneforenteringthe4thyear,andoneforenteringthe5thyear.Thesebarriersensurethatstudentsobtaintherequiredcompetencesbeforeadvancingtotheclinicalrotation.TheVCATprovidesasummativeassessmentofstudents’theoreticalknowledgeandbasicskillsinpre-clinicaltraining.ThetestsareheldinJuneofYear5,andthosewhopassthetestscanparticipateinclinicaltrainingattheVTHormobileclinic. ForYear5andYear6students,acompulsoryresearch-basedtrainingprogramme(tutorialresearch)isprovidedinwhichstudentsacquireskillsinbasicandadvancedresearchmethods/techniquesandscientificwriting,presentationsanddiscussion,culminatinginasubmittedthesis.Theoutcomesoftheirresearch-relatedperformancetasksareevaluatedbyasupervisorandsub-supervisors. AttheendofYear6,studentstakethenationalboardexamination,whichisadministeredannuallybyMAFF,andeachsuccessfulexamineeisgrantedaveterinarylicence.Theexaminationpassrateisusedasoneoftheindicatorstoassessthestudents’learningoutcomes.8.1.2.Descriptionofthespecificmethodologiesforassessing: -)theoreticalknowledge;Almostallexaminationsonlecturesforcorecurriculumcontentandothertopicsareevaluatedbythesubjectcoordinators,accordingtotheresults(scores)ofcourseexaminations(paper-basedorweb-based),writtenreportsandtheoralexamination.-)pre-clinicalpracticalskills;Preclinicalpracticesareevaluatedbythesubjectcoordinators,accordingtoresults(scores)ofcourseexaminations(paper-basedorweb-based),writtenreports,theoralexamination,presentationsandpracticaltests.-)clinicalpracticalskillsAllstudentsproceedingtoclinicalrotationmustpasstheVCAT.DuringtherotationattheVTHormobileclinic,

students’clinicalskillsareevaluatedbyfacultymembersbasedonthebasicskillslistedinclinicallogbooks,caselogandthecompetencesevaluationrecord(Appendix16a,16b,16c).Thequalityofsubmittedcasereports/presentationsarealsoevaluatedbyclinicalprofessors. 8.1.3.Descriptionoftheassessmentmethodologytoensurethateverygraduatehas achievedtheminimumlevelofcompetence,asprescribedintheESEVTDayOne Competences(seeAnnex2) WeemploythefollowingassessmentmethodstoensuretheacquisitionoftheESEVTDayOneCompetences.Knowledge-basedassessmentAsdescribedin3.1.9,and8.1.1,apaper-basedandcomputer-basedexamination,ane-learningcontent,writtenreports,anoralexamination,oranoralpresentationisusedforsummativeassessmentofstudentlearningoutcome. ClinicalcompetencesStudentsusealogbook(Appendix16a),caselog(Appendix16b)andaself-evaluationrecord(Appendix16c)inclinicalrotationinordertoclarifytheacquisitionofthespecificcompetencesincludingtheESEVTDayOneCompetences.Thelogbookandself-evaluationsheetmotivatestudentsfortheacquisitionofclinicalcompetencesinaproactiveway.TheirpersonalrecordsmustbesubmittedtotheSubjectCoordinatorforobjectiveevaluationoftheachievementoftheDayOneCompetencesbyeachstudent.Thisisalsoimportantforqualityassuranceofassessmentoflearningoutcomes. CompetencyqualificationexaminationatnationallevelAsdescribedin8.1.1,allveterinarystudentsmusttakeandpasstwonationallevelexaminationstoobtainaveterinarianlicence,i.e.theVCATpriortoparticipatingaclinicalrotationatYear5,andthenationalexaminationforveterinarylicence. 8.1.4.Descriptionoftheprocessesfor:-)ensuringtheadvertisingandtransparencyoftheassessmentcriteria/procedures;Studentscanaccesstherelevantinformationatanytimeintheonlinesyllabussystemorthestudenthandbook.-)awardinggrades,includingexplicitrequirementsforbarrierassessments;Evaluationshave11gradesbasedontheGPAsystem(A+,100–95;A,94–90;A-,89–85;B+,84–80;B,79–75;B-,74–70;C+,69–65;C,64–60;D,59–50;D-,below49;F,noevaluation).A+toCgradessignifythestudent“passed”andreceivesthecredits.Theminimumrequirements(skills,knowledge)aresetforeachsubject,asstatedinthecoursesyllabi(Appendix13),andstudentswhohavecompletedonlytheminimumrequirementswillreceivea

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“C”.StudentswhoareassessedasD,D-,orFfailthesubject.-)providingtostudentsafeedbackpost-assessmentandaguidanceforrequested improvement; Studentscanconfirmtheircreditcompletionstatusatanytimeviatheonlinestudentservicesystem. TheguidanceforunsuccessfulstudentsisdescribedinStandard7.1.5.Theiracademicrecordsarealsosenttoparentsorguardians.-)appealing: Studentscanappealthegrades/creditstheyreceivewithinthetermofanappealperiod(approximatelyoneweek)attheendofeachsemester.TheappealprocessisshowninAppendix 28.Initially,thestudentshouldappealtothesubjectcoordinatorintheeventofanyconcernabouttheirexaminationresults,andearlyresolutionisgenerallymadeatthislevel.Ifthediscussionisnotsatisfactory,thestudentshouldcompleteanappealformandsubmitittotheSVM/HUdeanorCUEA(OU),whothenorganizesameetingoftheAppealExaminationBoard,consistingofthedean,thechairpersonoftheAcademicAffairsCommittee,chairpersonoftheStudentAffairsCommitteeandthesubjectcoordinator,whoreview/examineandrespondtotheappeal. 8.1.5.Descriptionofhowandbywho thestudent’sassessmentstrategyisdecided,communicatedtostaff,studentsand stakeholders,implemented,assessedandrevisedThestudent’sassessmentstrategyisdiscussedandproposedbytheAcademicAffairsCommitteeandthenfinalizedandapprovedbytheProgrammeExecutiveBoard.ItissharedwithallfacultymembersatalocalfacultymeetingandjointFD,andtherelevantdocumentsareelectronicallydistributedtoeachmember.Thecourserequirementsandcomponentsofassessmentare

describedinthesyllabus.Thetermofappealisexplainedtostudentsinane-mailfromtheAcademicAffairsSectionattheendofeachsemester.Onceayear,thesubjectcoordinatorsreviewthecoursesyllabi,includingcoursecontentandrequirements,toconsidertheresultsofthelearningoutcomesandstudents’feedback.TheAcademicAffairsCommitteerevisestheassessmentstrategy,ifrequired,basedonopinionsandcomplaintsfromstudents,facultymembers,theAcademicAffairsSectionandstakeholders.Students’class/courseevaluationsareusedasatoolforimprovingeducationalstandards.Theresultsoftheevaluationsarereleasedtoeachsubjectcoordinators.Therepliesfromteachersaredisclosedononlineportalsites,suchasVetPortal.

8.2. Comments AtOU,anonlineclass/courseevaluationsystemisbeingintroducedandisconvenientforstudents. Thepassratesforthenationalexaminationforaveterinarylicencevaryfromyeartoyear.TheaverageofpassratesforVNJstudentsinthepast5yearsare83.5%inDVM/OUand90.8%inSVM/HU,respectively. 8.3. Suggestions for improvement Sincewerevised“VNJDayOneCompetencesList”forthenew2019curriculum,weneedtodevelopandintroduceasuitablemethodforevaluationofeachstudent’sacquisitionstatusofDayOneCompetences.Weshouldconsider“EntraustableProfessionalActivity(EPA)”basedevaluation.E-portfoliowithrubricswillgreatlyaidstudent’sself-assessmentoftheiracquisitionstatusofDayOneCompetences.

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51 Standard 9: Academic and support staff 9.1. Factual Information (Findings)9.1.1.Descriptionoftheglobalstrategyinordertoensurethatallrequestedcompetencesfortheveterinaryprogrammearecoveredandthatstaffareproperlyqualifiedandpreparedfortheirroles Becausepersonnelaffairissuesoperateindifferentwaysateachuniversity,therelevantfactualinformationforeachlocationisdescribedseparately.Sapporo(AcademicstafflistisavailableinAppendix 29)Inmostofthecasesofacademicstaffrecruitment,theapplicantsarerequiredtohaveveterinarylicenceandPhDdegree.Academicstaffareselectedfortheireducationalhistoryandperformanceaswellastheirresearchachievements.IntherecruitmentofacademicandveterinarystaffinVTH,theapplicantsshouldhaveveterinarylicence.Applicantshavingaveterinaryspecialistcertificationarehighlyevaluatedfortheemployment.Thegeneralcriteriaforselectingacademicstaffisdescribedinthefollowingwebsite: http://www.hokudai.ac.jp/jimuk/reiki/reiki_honbun/u010RG00000500.htmlTheSVM/HUdeanmakesdraftstrategicplanfortherecruitmentunderacarefuldeliberationattheFacultySteeringCommittee.ThentheFacultyMeetingapprovestherecruitmentofacademicstaffanddiscussesonitattheFacultySteeringCommitteeandtheFacultyMeeting.FacultyMeetingapprovetherecruitmentofacademicstaff(see9.1.2).Newlyemployedacademicstaffneedtoattendthetrainingcoursesrelevanttotheirjobfocusingonbiosecurity,animalexperiments,properhandlingofchemicalreagents,radiationsafetyandrecombinantDNAexperiments,whichareofferedbytheuniversityand/orSVM/HU.Newacademicstaffcanobtainthebasicknowledgeandteachingskillsviaworkshop,FD,seminarande-learning.Theuniversityselects“ExcellentTeacher”and“ExcellentSyllabus”everyyear.Theinformationisopenedtoallacademicstaffincludingjuniorprofessorstoimprovetheeducationalskillsandknowledge.Theclassevaluationbystudentsshouldbedoneintheendofeveryclassandcanbeusedfortheimprovementoftheclassbytheacademicstaff. Obihiro(listofacademicstaffisshownasAppendix 30)Theformalrecruitmentprocessoftheuniversityisdescribedin9.1.2.and9.1.3. ApplicantsfortheveterinaryeducationasacademicstaffaremostlyrequiredtohaveaveterinarianlicenceandPhD.Atpresent,allfacultymembershavePhD.AllpermanentacademicstaffofDVM/OUhaveaveterinarylicence.TheapplicantsfortheVTHmusthaveveterinarianlicence.ApplicantshavingaJapaneseorAmerican/Europeanspecializationhaveagreatadvantageforappointment.Prospectivestaffareselectedupontheirresearch/clinicalandeducationalbackgroundaswellasgoodCurriculumvitae.

Newstaffmembersmustattendanorientationfornewemployeethatisheldtowelcomethemandtogivenecessaryinformationforperforminganewjobsuccessfullyasrapidlyaspossible. Trainingcoursesofbiosafety,animalexperimentsandanimalwelfare,informationliteracyandinformationtechnologyareprovidedbytheuniversitytwiceayear.GuidanceofbiosecurityofuniversityfarmandtheVTHaregivenpriortousethesefacilities.Therearetwomethodstoqualifytheteachingcompetencesofacademicstaff:students’surveyandtheannualpolyphyleticperformancemeasurement(detailin9.1.4).Students’feedbackisavaluablesourcetoidentifytheproblemsandpromotecontinuousimprovement.Classevaluationbystudentsiscollectedattheendofthesemester.ThesummeryreportoftheevaluationisreleasedbytheAcademicAffairSection.Teachingstaffmembersutilizetheclassevaluationforfurtherimprovement.Theexecutiveboardassessesthequalificationsofpresentacademicstaffusingtheannualpolyphyleticperformancemeasurement.Theinformationisusedforuniversity’sQAstrategy.TheCUEAprovidesFacultyDevelopment/StaffDevelopmentseminars/workshopsofdidacticandpedagogictraining,goodassessmentpractices,andstudentwelfareissues. Allacademicstaffmembersincludingnewemployeeareencouragedtoparticipateintheseworkshops/seminars.TheCUEAalsoprovides“OpenClass”toteachingstaff.Themodellecturesareselectedfromtheclassesthathaveagoodreputationfromstudents.Itisrecommendedthatacademicstaffmembersattendtheselecturesfortheirself-improvement.9.1.2.Descriptionoftheformalprogrammefortheselection,recruitmentandtrainingtoteach andassessstudents(includingcontinuingeducation)oftheacademicstaff SapporoBasedonthestrategicplan,SVM/HUhasincreasedthenumberofstaffmembersforsmallanimalclinicstoenhanceHU’sstrengthsineducationalresourcesforitsinvolvementintheVNJprogramme.Accordingtothisplan,theSVM/HUdeandecidesthenumberofstaffmembersneededtoreplaceorstrengthenthefieldofeducationorsupport.SVM/HUdeanisresponsiblefordecidingthenumberandpositionsofacademicstaff.Membersofadhoccommitteesforrecruitingacademicstaff(consistingoftheSVM/HUdeanandprofessors,associateprofessorsandlecturers)areselectedandapprovedattheFacultyMeeting.Thecommitteedecidesontherecruitmentcriteria,includingaveterinarylicenceandPhDdegreeandtheschedulesofemployment.Therecruitmentinformationforacademicstaffisavailableinternationally.Thecommitteeselectsprospectivestaff

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membersfromeachyear’scandidatesusingtheirapplicationforms,essaysontheirmotives,educational/clinicalcareerexperiences,skills,awardsandresearcharchives.ThecommitteereportstheresultsoftheselectionattheFacultyMeeting,wheretheyareapproved.NewacademicstaffmembersareexpectedtojoinanorientationtrainingcourseandanFD/SDseminartoobtainthebasicknowledgenecessaryforthejob.Theuniversityandthefacultyconductseminarsandprovidee-learningmaterialsongeneralriskmanagement,biosafety,animalexperiments,properhandlingofchemicalreagents,radiationsafetyandrecombinantDNAexperiments.Theuniversityandthefacultyalsoofferopportunitiestovisitclassesconductedbyfacultymemberswhohavestrongteachingcapabilitiessothatthenewstaffmemberscanlearnteachingskills.Newstaffcanalsoattendseminarsonbuildingeducationaltechniqueskills.ObihiroOU’slabourregulations: https://education.joureikun.jp/obihiro/act/frame/frame110000125.htmOU’sselectionpolicyandregulations:https://education.joureikun.jp/obihiro/act/frame/frame110000107.htmThechairsofalldepartments,centersandinstitutestosubmitpersonnelplaneveryyear.Thepresidentandtheexecutivesdeliberatetheresultingplananddecidethepersonnelplanningfortheentireuniversityeveryyear.Accordingtotheplan,thepresidentorderstheexecutivevicepresidenttoconveneanadhocselectioncommitteetoappointanacademicstaffmember.Theadhocselectioncommitteeconsistsoftheexecutivevicepresidents,twoprofessorsfromthesamescientificfieldasthecandidateandtwoprofessorsfromdifferentscientificfields.ThecommitteepreparestheentrancerequirementlistsandrecruitsacademicstaffinternationallyintheExecutiveVicePresident’sname.Thecommitteethenchoosescandidatesfromamongtheapplicantsaccordingtotheirresearchachievements,educationalexperience,proposalsforresearchprojectsandteachingatOUandlettersofrecommendation.Thecommitteeconductsinterviewswiththecandidatesand,ifnecessary,requeststhattheysubmitamocklessonplan.Thecommitteefinallyselectsacandidateandnominatesher/himtotheEducationandResearchCouncil.ThenewacademicstaffmemberisballotedatthenextmeetingoftheEducationandResearchCouncil. 9.1.3.Descriptionoftheformalprogrammefortheselection,recruitmentandtrainingto performtheirspecificduties(includingcontinuingeducation)ofthesupportstaff SapporoTheselectionpolicyforsupportstaffcanbefoundat: http://www.hokudai.ac.jp/jimuk/reiki/reiki_honbun/u010RG00000447.html

ApplicantsforHUsupportstaffpositionsmustpassafirst-rounddocumentreview,ajob-sitevisit(technicalstaffonly)andaninterview.Candidatesareselectedbasedontheirpersonalityandskills. HUconductsageneralorientationtoobtainthenecessaryknowledgeneededforthetaskandprovidestherelevantmaterialsfornewsupportstafftotraintheminspecificknowledgeandskills.Supportstaffalsoacquiresuchinformationthroughtheguidanceofacademicandothersupportstaff,andtheuniversitiesprovideperiodicalSDsforsupportstaff.ObihiroEveryyearthedeanandthechairsofalldepartmentsandcentersrelatedtoVNJeducationdraftaplanfortherecruitmentofsupportingstaffandsubmitittothepresident.Thepresidentthendeliberatesonit,withtheexecutivesoftheEducationandResearchCouncil,andinformsthedeanandthechairsofthedepartments.Eachdepartmentchairpreparesarequirementlistwithher/hiscolleaguesandrecruitscandidatesthroughthePublicEmploymentSecurityOffice.Eachdepartmentchairandher/hiscolleaguesexaminetheapplicants’documentsminutelyandchoosecandidatesfromamongtheapplicants.TheyinterviewtheselectedcandidatescarefullytoevaluatewhethertheyaresufficientlycapableofsupportingVNJ.Newandjuniorsupportstaffareinstructedbythesenioracademicstaff.Theacademicstaffholddevelopmentworkshopsasnecessary. Thedeanandthedepartmentchairrequestsabudgettohiresupportstaff.Theselectionandrecruitmentofsupportstaffarecarriedoutbythefacultiesineachdepartment/division.Theacademicstaffisresponsibleforeducating,verifyingthequalificationsofandmentoringsupportingstaffsothattheycanperformtheirspecificduties,mainlythroughon-the-jobtraining.TheuniversitiesalsoprovideperiodicalSDseminarsforsupportstaff. 9.1.4.Descriptionoftheformalprogrammefortheappraisal,development,promotioncriteria andprocedures,supportingandmentoringofbothacademicandsupportstaff SapporoThepresidentreleasesaformalprogrammefortheannualappraisalofacademicandsupportstaff.TheuniversityandveterinaryschoolprovidevariousFD/SDseminarsfortheirstaff,suchasthedevelopmentofEnglishabilities,education,leadershipandmanagementskills,researchethicsandgrantapplicationtechniquesandonresearchactivities(experimentsforrecombinantDNA,animal,radiation,chemicalreagentsandbiosafety).AcademicstaffwhoarecontractedasemployeesintheannualsalarysystemareevaluatedeveryyearbytheSVM/HUdeanonthefollowingitems:education,research,contributiontosociety,themanagementoffacultyandtheuniversityandclinicalwork.TheSVM/HUdeansubmitstheresultsoftheseevaluationstothe

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53 evaluationcommittee,whichthenreviews,decidesoneachevaluationandsendstheresultstothepresident.Thepresidentmakesfinaldecisionontheevaluationofacademicstaffandtheresultsarereflectedineachemployee’ssalary. Theevaluationcriteriaandprocedurearedescribedhere:http://www.hokudai.ac.jp/jimuk/reiki/reiki_honbun/u010RG00000823.html#e000000177.ThecriteriaandprocedureforacademicstaffnotcontractedintheannualsalarysystemarebasedonHU’s‘BasicPolicyofEvaluationSystemforAcademicStaff’.AcademicstaffmembersareevaluatedannuallybytheSVM/HUdeanandtheiractivitiespertainingtoeducationandresearch,contributiontosociety,themanagementoffacultyanduniversityandclinicalworkarecomprehensivelyevaluated.TheSVM/HUdeanreportstheresulttothepresidentandevaluationresultsarereflectedineachemployee’ssalary.Theformalpromotioncriteriaandproceduresforsupportstaffcanbefoundat http://www.hokudai.ac.jp/jimuk/reiki/reiki_honbun/u010RG00000542.html#e000000042. Skills,punctuality,planningability,positiveattitudeandcapacityforimprovement,cooperativeness,responsibility,managementability,leadership,reliability,honesty,creativity,expressiveness,problem-solvingskills,knowledge,mentalresilienceandcomprehensionareevaluatedbytheGeneralSecretary.SupportstaffarealsointerviewedbytheGeneralSecretaryeveryyear.Promotionsaredecidedbasedonthecomprehensiveevaluationandresultsoftheinterview.ThepresidentreceivestheresultoftheevaluationreportfromtheGeneralSecretaryoftheveterinaryschoolandapprovesthepromotionofsupportstaff.ObihiroTheformalprocessfortheappraisalandpromotionofacademicstaffisdescribedhere:http://www.obihiro.ac.jp/~joureisv/JoureiV5HTMLContents/act/print/print110000107.htmInbrief,allacademicstaffmembersmustsubmittwodocumentseveryyear:aself-evaluationreportandanevaluationsheetcalled“thepolyphyleticperformanceevaluationsheet”describingtheiractivitiesinteaching,research(acquiredgrantsandpublications),administrativeormanagementdutiesandsocialcontributions.TheExecutiveOfficedeterminestheappraisalandpromotionofacademicstaffaccordingtotheireducationalperformanceandresearchachievementbasedonthesedocuments.Recommendationsbythedepartmentchairsarealsoconsidered.Thesupportstaffofadministrativesectionsareevaluatedbytheirchiefsordepartmentchairstwiceayearbasedontheperformanceevaluationformsubmittedbyeachstaffmember.Fornewlyappointedstaff,theHumanResourcesSectionarrangesanIDcardandthenetworkaccessonthefirstday.Theuniversityoffersafreshmanorientation,which

providesimportantinformation,includingtheuniversity’smission,policy,organisationalstructureanduniversitytours.Intheorientation,academicmatters,informationsecurityarediscussedandlibrarytoursgiven. Thereisnoofficialmentoringsystemforstaff,butjunioracademicstaffmembersaregenerallymentoredbyseniorprofessorsfromthesamelaboratoryorfromcloselyrelateddisciplines.Seniorprofessorssupportnewmembersofstaffastheyfamiliarizethemselveswiththeirrolesinordertoworkeffectivelyandefficientlyinthenewenvironment.TheuniversityalsoprovidesvariousFD/SDprogrammestoimprovetheirteachingandresearchcapabilities.9.1.5.Descriptionoftheformalrulesgoverningoutsidework,includingconsultationand privatepractice,bystaffworkingattheEstablishment SapporoApprovalforexternalappointmentsorcontractsmustbeobtainedinadvance.Staffwhodealwithoutsidework,suchaslecturers,consultantsandgovernmentalcommitteemembers,shouldapplytotheSVM/HUdean.Thedeanwillapprovearequestiftheobjectiveandconditionsoftheexternalworksatisfytherules:https://www.hokudai.ac.jp/jimuk/reiki/reiki_honbun/u010RG00000466.html.Theoutsideworkshouldnotdisturbtheworkoftheuniversityandmustnotconstituteanyconflictsofinterest.ObihiroRegulationforoutsidework:https://education.joureikun.jp/obihiro/act/frame/frame110000123.htmFull-timefacultymembersarecompensatedforcontributingtheirprofessionaleffortfull-timetotheUniversity.Ontheotherhand,theuniversityrecognizesthat,throughconsultingandotherassociationswiththegovernment,industryandotherbodiesoutsidetheUniversity,itsfacultymemberscanmakevaluablecontributionsoff-campuswhileenhancingtheirexpertiseintheirdisciplines.Afacultymembermustsubmitawrittenapplication(Form2)foranyoutsideworktotheHumanResourcesSectionbeforeengaginginsuchwork.Theuniversitywillapproveordenysuchapplicationsdependingonthenatureandpublicinterestoftheoutsidework. 9.1.6.DescriptionoftheformalprogrammeoftheEstablishmentfortheassessmentofteachers bystudentsanditsoutcome TheVNJhasacourseevaluationsystembasedonstudentinput.Inpaper-based(SVM/HU)orweb-based(DVM/OU)systems,studentscancommentanonymouslyonteachers’performanceandthecontentsofthesubjects/courseatthecompletionofeachsemester.Theresultsofthestudentevaluationsarereleasedtoeachsubjectfacultymemberandusedasatoolforeducationimprovement.

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9.1.7.ProspectednumberofFTEacademicandsupportstaffoftheveterinaryprogrammefor thenext3academicyearsSapporoThenumberofFTEacademicandsupportstaffhasincreasedgraduallyoverthelast10yearsduetothesubsidy,competitivegrantsforresearchandeducation,andhospitalincome.ThenumbersofFTEwillincreaseinnextthreeacademicyearsbecausetheVTHwillemployfivemoreassistantprofessors.ObihiroWewillmaintainthecurrentFTEnumberofacademicandsupportstaff.Recruitmentplanforfacultymemberswillbedecidedbasedontheexpectednumberofretirementfacultiesforthenextthreeacademicyears. 9.1.8.Descriptionofhowandbywhothe strategyforallocating,recruiting,promoting,supportingandassessingacademicandsupport staffisdecided,communicatedtostaff,studentsandstakeholders,implemented,assessedand revised Thetwouniversitieshavedifferentprocesses. SapporoThedeandeliberatesthepersonnelplanbasedontheapprovedstrategicplantotheFacultySteeringCommitteethatconsistsofthedean,vicedean,VTHdirector,departmentchairs,andseveralprofessorsdesignatedbythedean.Thedeanhasalsoestablishedaconsultingworkinggroupwithearlycareeracademicstaffmemberstocollectideaandopinionfromtheyoung

generation.IncorporatingopinionsandsuggestionsfromtheVNJAdvisoryPanelconstitutedbyexternalstakeholdersandstudentrepresentatives,theStudentUnion,aswellasfeedbackfromstudents,academicandsupportstaff,theFacultySteeringCommitteepreparesthedraftofthestrategybycooperationwithrelevantcommitteesinthefacultydependingonthesubjects.ThestrategyforpersonnelplanisfinalizedthroughdiscussionattheFacultyMeetingandfinallyimplemented.ThestrategyisexplainedtoalltheacademicandsupportstaffattheFD/SDmeeting,andstudentsattheStudentCommitteeand/oradhocstudentbriefingifrequired.ObihiroTheformalrecruitmentprocessoftheuniversityisdescribedin9.1.2.and9.1.3.Theuniversity’spersonnelstrategiesforacademicandsupportstaffarecommunicatedattheManagementCommitteeconsistingofpresident,executivevicepresidents,directorgeneralofadministrativebureau,externalexecutivedirector,deanoftheVNJandsevenexternalstakeholders.Personnelplansarealsoinformedtoallstaffthroughmeetingminutes,orattheFacultyMeeting.Recruitmentinformationispublishedontheuniversity’swebsites,advertisementonrelatedjournalsandwebsites.Thepresidentandtheexecutivesevaluateallacademicstaffwithannualachievementreport,andthepolyphyleticperformanceevaluationsheet(asdescribedin9.1.4.).Students’feedback,suchasclassevaluationbystudents,isutilizedtoidentifytheproblemsandpromotecontinuousimprovementofteachingstaffmembers.

Table9.1.1.Academicstaff**oftheveterinaryprogramme Sapporo+Obihiro*

Typeofcontract 2018 2017 2016 MeanPermanent(FTE) 80.00 82.00 84.00 82.00Temporary(FTE) 37.00 39.00 36.00 37.33Interns(FTE) 11.03 12.84 12.06 11.98 Residents(FTE) 3.00 5.00 4.00 4.00 PhDstudents(FTE) 10.10 10.57 11.35 10.67 Veterinarians(FTE) 6.70 4.14 2.39 4.41 Others(specify) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total 147.83 153.55 149.80 150.39

*StaffmembersofDVM+FCASA

Table9.1.2.Percentage(%)ofveterinariansinacademicstaffSapporo+Obihiro*

Typeofcontract 2018 2017 2016 MeanPermanent(FTE) 82.62 83.04 84.53 83.40Temporary(FTE) 87.73 85.84 84.11 85.89

*StaffmembersofDVM+FCASA

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55 Table9.1.3.Supportstaffoftheveterinaryprogramme Sapporo+Obihiro

Typeofcontract 2018 2017 2016 MeanPermanent(FTE) 45.00 47.00 45.00 45.67 Temporary(FTE) 101.62 95.77 90.71 96.03 Total(FTE) 146.62 142.77 135.71 141.70

Table9.1.4.ResearchstaffoftheEstablishment Sapporo+Obihiro

Typeofcontract 2018 2017 2016 MeanPermanent(FTE) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Temporary(FTE) 30.69 26.59 21.33 26.20 Total(FTE) 30.69 26.59 21.33 26.20

9.2. Comments Thedean,vicedeanandheadsofveterinary-specificdepartments/centers/divisions/committeesareallveterinarians.Additionalstaffmembersarerecruitedtoclinicalsciencedepartmentsinresponsetoexpandingclinicaleducationinnewcurricula,whichincreasesthenumberofpatientsseenintra-andextra-murallyandthustheopportunitiestoexposestudentstolargernumbersofcases.DVM/OUhasemployedthreemoreveterinarianstooperatethe24/7horseclinicservicein2018.SVM/HUhasdecidedtoemployatotaloffiveassistantprofessortooperatethe24/7clinicalserviceandtoenhanceeducationfunctionattheVTH.TwohavebeenappointedfromApril2019andtherecruitingprocesshascompletedfortheremainingthreeandthedateoftheirarrivalisbeingadjusted.

9.3. Suggestions for improvement AtSVM/HU,theclassevaluationbystudentsisdonebyapaper-basedquestionnaireform.Therecoveryrateoftheformisaround90%.Nowanonlinequestionnairesystemisplannedtobeestablished.AnFDcommitteeisresponsibleforanalysingthedatafromthestudents. Bothuniversitieshaveasabbaticalleaveprogrammeforpermanentfacultymemberswhohavecompletedsevenormoreyearsoffull-timeservice.However,ithasnotbeenutilizedeffectivelyduetothelackofabackupsystemforabsentstaff.Establishingasupportsystemtoenableacademicstafftoengageinintensivestudywouldimprovetheirteachingandresearchcompetencies,whichwouldenhancetheirservicestotheirestablishment.

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Standard 10: Research programmes, continuing and postgraduate education 10.1. Factual Information (Findings)10.1.1.DescriptionofhowtheresearchactivitiesoftheEstablishmentandtheimplication ofmostacademicstaffinitcontributetoresearch-basedundergraduateveterinary educationAllacademicstaffmembersareinvolvedintheirownresearchprojectsandpublishtheirresearchinscientificjournalscontinuously.Researchactivities(e.g.listsofpublications)ofbothuniversitiesarealsoavailableinannualreportsandonthefollowingwebsitesandAppendix 31 (SVM/HU)and 32 (DVM/OU).SVM/HU:https://www.vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp/about/detail/report/DVM/OU:https://www.obihiro.ac.jp/wp/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/kenkyu.pdfUndergraduatestudentsmustwriteagraduationthesisthroughtheTutorialResearch(6credits),SeminarinResearchandClinicandAdvancedSeminar(4credits).Studentsbecomeinvolvedintheresearchactivitiesunderthesupervisionofacademicstafftocompletetheirgraduationthesis.Studentsarerequiredtopasstheirthesespresentation.Studentsareencouragedtopresenttheirresearchoutcomesatscientificconferencesand/orinscientificjournals.10.1.2.DescriptionofhowthepostgraduateclinicaltrainingsoftheEstablishment contributetoundergraduateveterinaryeducationandhowpotentialconflictsinrelation tocasemanagementbetweenpost-andundergraduatestudentsareavoidedMorethanhalfofthepostgraduatestudentsareemployedasteachingassistantsandareinvolvedinundergraduateeducation,particularlyinsubjectsinvolvingexperimentalpractice.Interns/residentsandpostgraduatestudentsmajoringclinicalsciencesarealsoactivelyinvolvedintheclinicalrotationsofundergraduatestudents.TheVTHacademicstaffmembersareresponsibleforcasemanagementandavoidingconflictsbetweenthepostgraduateandundergraduateeducationprogrammes.Althoughnotallclinicalcasesareofficiallydividedbetweentrainees/PhDstudentsandundergraduates,thecommoncasesareusedtotrainundergraduatestudents,whiletherarecasesarereservedforpostgraduateclinicaltraining. 10.1.3.Descriptionofhowundergraduatestudents:-)aremadeawareoftheimportanceofevidence-basedmedicine,scientificresearchand livelonglearning;Evidence-basedmedicineisanintegralpartofourveterinarycurriculum.Webelievethatstudentinvolvementinevidence-basedresearchisimportantformakingfuturescientistsandveterinaryprofessionals.AllstudentsinYears5and6mustincluderesearchactivityintheirthesispapers.Thisexperienceencouragesstudentstocultivatecompetenciesincriticalthinking,assessmentofevidenceandcarefulobservation.Thesecompetencies

arerequiredwhenmakingcriticaldecisionsaboutindividualcasesandevaluatingpublishedpapersandcasereports.Undergraduatestudentscanlearntheimportanceofevidence-basedmedicineinclinicaltrainingviacasestudies,includingapathobiologicaldiagnosisprogramme.Similarly,studentscanlearntoappreciatethesignificanceofscientificresearchbyundertakinglaboratoryworkfortheirgraduationtheses.Extramuralworks,suchasaninternship,alsoprovidesopportunitiesforunderstandingtheimportanceoflifelonglearning. -)areinitiatedtobibliographicsearch,scientificmethodsandresearchtechniques,and writingofscientificpapers;InVNJ,undergraduatestudentslearnhowtoperformabibliographicsearch,acquirescientificmethodandresearchtechniquesandwritescientificpapersinthecourseoftheirresearchworkforthecompulsorygraduationthesis.Somestudentspresenttheirresearchworkatacademicmeetingsand/orpublishthisworkininternationalpeer-reviewedjournals. -)areofferedtoparticipatetoresearchprogrammesonanon-compulsorybasisUndergraduatestudentsmayhaveanopportunitytotakepartinscientificresearchesinalaboratoryorincollaborativeresearchatanotherinstitutionwithgrantsupportandundersupervision,regardlessofwhethertheresearchthemeisdirectlyrelatedtotheirgraduationtheses.Undergraduatestudentscanpresenttheoutcomesoftheirresearchatscientificconferencesand/orinscientificjournals,providedthereisnoconflictofinterest. 10.1.4.Descriptionofhowthecontinuingeducationprogrammesprovidedbythe EstablishmentarematchedtotheneedsoftheprofessionandthecommunitySapporoSVM/HUoffersbimonthlycontinuingeducationprogrammes,suchasworkshopsandseminars,inadvancedsmallanimalpracticeforlocalveterinariansuponrequestsfromthecommunity.Thereisatremendousneedgloballyformoreeducationonzoonosisandchemicalhazardcontrol.Additionally,thedemandforadvancedveterinaryclinicalserviceisincreasing.HUprovidesanoutstandingpostgraduateeducationprogrammeforcontrollingzoonosisandchemicalhazardsandintegratedveterinaryclinicalscience,andthosewhocompletethegraduateprogrammearecertifiedasZoonosisControlExperts,ChemicalHazardControlExpertsandIntegratedVeterinaryClinicalExperts,respectively,withtheirPhDdegrees.

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57 ObihiroOUlocatesinTokachiDistrict,whichisoneofthelargestfood-producingregionsinJapan.Moreover,TokachiandneighbouringHidakaDistrictarewell-knownhorse-breedingareas.Accordingly,weoffervariouscontinuingeducationalcoursesrelatedtofoodproducinganimals,horsesandfoodsafetytoaddressthelife-longlearningneedsoftheprofessionandthelocalcommunity. 10.1.5.Prospectednumberofstudentsregisteredatpost-graduateprogrammesforthe next3academicyearsSapporoInFY2017,wereorganizedtheGraduateSchoolofVeterinaryMedicineintotwograduateschools.OneistheGraduateSchoolofVeterinaryMedicine,whichhasthecapacityfor16studentsperyear,andtheotheristheGraduateSchoolofInfectiousDiseaseswithastudentcapacityof12peryear.In2018,13postgraduatestudentswereenrolledattheGraduateSchoolofVeterinaryMedicine,and18wereenrolledattheGraduateSchoolofInfectiousDiseases.BasedonthecurrentnumberofPhDcandidatesinthetwograduateschoolsandtheresultsofthequestionnaire,weanticipatefullintakesatbothGraduateSchoolsfornextthreeyears. Wehavebeenconductingaprominentgraduatecourseprogrammecalledthe“LeadingProgrammeforGraduateSchools”,whichissupportedbyMEXT(AY2011toAY2017).Ourgraduatecourseprogrammehasjustbeenselectedforthefollowingprominentgraduatecourseprogrammecalledthe“World-leadingInnovativeandSmartEducation(WISE)programme”,supportedbyMEXT(AY2018toAY2024),whichstrengthensresearchonzoonosis,infectiousdiseases,chemicalhazard,clinicalveterinaryscienceandlifescienceandaimstofosterPhDcontributionstoOneHealthandpromotingZoobiquity.TheHUVTHhas2residentsatpresent.Dependingontheemploymentandsituationofapplicantsforresidencies,thesamenumberofresidentsmaybemaintainedforthenext3academicyears.ObihiroAtpresentwerunthreepostgraduatecourses:theUnitedGraduateSchoolofVeterinaryScienceatGifuUniversity(UGSVS),theDoctoralProgrammeinAnimalandFoodHygiene,andGraduateSchoolofAnimalandVeterinarySciencesandAgriculture(GSAVSA).Theformertwocourseshavestoppedtoacceptnewstudentssince2018.TheGSAVSAisanewgraduateschoolthatestablishedin2018.ThequotaforthePhDprogrammeofVeterinarySciencesisfivestudentsperyear.Threestudentswereenrolledin2018,andeightstudentsin2019.TheprospectednumberofPhDstudentsinthenextthreeyearswillbearound5. 10.1.6.Descriptionofhowandbywhoresearch,continuingandpostgraduateeducationprogrammesorganisedbythe Establishmentaredecided,

communicatedtostaff,studentsandstakeholders, implemented,assessedandrevisedSapporoThemainbodyforplanningandconductingthepostgraduateeducationprogrammeistheAcademicAffairsCommittee,whichcomprisesapproximately15academicstaffand11students,includingprofessors,associateprofessors,lecturers,assistantprofessorsandstudentsfromtheSchoolofVeterinaryMedicineandGraduateSchools.TheVTHstaffarealsoinvolvedinplanningandconductingthepostgraduateeducationprogrammeforinternsandresidents. TheStudentAffairsCommittee(comprisingapproximately13academicstaff,includingprofessors,associateprofessors,lecturers,assistantprofessorsand11studentsfromtheSchoolofVeterinaryMedicineandGraduateSchools)overseescommunicationwithstudents.TheInternationalAffairsCommittee(comprisingapproximately11academicstaff,includingprofessors,associateprofessors,lecturers)overseesinternationalstudentaffairs,includingtheselectionofPhDcandidatesaspartofspecialadmissionquotas.ThefinaldecisionsonpostgraduateeducationaremadeataFacultyMeeting(comprisingalltheprofessors,associateprofessorsandlecturersintheGraduateSchoolofVeterinaryMedicineandGraduateSchoolofInfectiousDiseases)afterconsultation.Thismeetingtakesfullresponsibilityforpostgraduateeducation.InformationonthepostgraduateprogrammeanditsactivitiesaredistributedtoPhDstudentsandfacultymembersbye-mail,website,orpaper-basedcommunications.Anelectronicportfoliosystem,called“VetLog”,hasbeeninstalledtoprovidePhDstudentsandfacultywiththeopportunitytoreview,communicateandsupportstudentlife,includingsharinginformation,schedulesandmessagesonthepostgraduateprogrammeandactivities.TheAcademicAffairsCommitteeisthemainbodythatassessesandresolvesproblemsconcerningthepostgraduateprogrammeanditsactivities.ObihiroUGSVSAllissues,apartfromspecialeducationalandresearchtopics,arediscussedbyadelegatecommitteecomprisingthedeanandseniortutorsatUGSVSandboardrepresentativesfromallfouruniversitiesandareapprovedbytheGraduateSchoolCommittee,whichcomprisesthedeanofUGSVSandallprofessorsqualifiedtosupervisePhDstudents.AllstudentsareassignedamainacademicadvisorandtwoassistantacademicadvisorstoguidetheminperformingtheresearchfortheirPhDtheses.InformationonthepostgraduateprogrammeanditsactivitiesaredistributedtoallfacultiesandPhDstudentsinaprintedannualreport,bye-mailandonthewebsite.ProgrammeinAnimalandFoodHygieneThecourseprogrammeisorganizedbasedondiscussionsbetweenseniorfacultymembersandtheneedsapprovedbytheUniversityResearchandEducationCouncil.Allstudentsareassignedamainacademicadvisorandatleasttwoassistantacademicadvisorstoguidethemwhile

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performingtheresearchfortheirPhDtheses.InformationonthepostgraduateprogrammeanditsactivitiesaredistributedtoallacademicstaffandPhDstudentsbye-mailandonthewebsite. GSAVSAThecourseprogrammeisorganizedonthebasisofdiscussionsamongseniorfacultymembersandmustbeapprovedbytheGraduateSchoolEducationCouncilattheuniversity.AllstudentsareassignedamainsupervisorandtwoassistantsupervisorstoguidetheminperformingtheresearchfortheirPhDtheses.InformationonthepostgraduateprogrammeanditsactivitiesaredistributedtoacademicstaffsandPhDstudentsbye-mail,handouts,academicportalsiteandonthewebsite.

ClinicaltrainingTheVTHstaffmeetingisalsoinvolvedinplanningandimplementingthepostgraduateeducationprogrammefortrainees. ContinuingeducationprogrammeTopicsonthecontinuingeducationprogrammesarediscussed,determined,assessedandrevisedbytheprofessorsoftheadjunctivesectionsandadministrativestaffoftheuniversity.Theprogrammesareannouncedontheuniversitywebsite,orasadvertisementonrelatedjournals.

Table10.1.1.NumberofstudentsregisteredatpostgraduateclinicaltrainingNote:Thetablesareshownseparatelyaspostgraduateeducationateachlocationisnotjointed. Sapporo

Training 2018 2017 2016 MeanInterns:Companionanimals 10 12 13 11.7Equine 0 0 0 0.0Productionanimals 0 0 0 0.0Others(specify) 0 0 0 0.0Total 10 12 13 11.7Residents:

VeterinaryAnaesthesiaandSurgery 2 4 3 3.0Pathology 1 1 1 1.0

Total 3 5 4 4.0Obihiro

Training 2018 2017 2016 MeanInterns:Companionanimals 2 2 2 2.0Equine 1 0 1 0.7Productionanimals 0 0 3 1.0Others(specify) 0 0 0 0.0Total 3 2 6 3.7Residents:

Pathology 2 2 1 1.7Total 2 2 1 1.7

Table10.1.2.Numberofstudentsregisteredatpostgraduateresearchtraining* Sapporo

Degrees 2018 2017 2016 MeanPhD 112 107 102 107.0Researchstudents 7 14 10 10.3Specialresearchstudents 2 0 0 0.7Clinicaltrainee 1 1 2 1.3Total 122 122 114 119.3

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59 Obihiro Degrees 2018 2017 2016 MeanPhD UGSVS*1 - 7 7 4.7 AnimalandFoodHygiene*1 - 12 5 5.7 GSAVSA*2 3 - - 1.0

Subtotal 3 19 12 11.4MsC AnimalandFoodHygiene*1 - 13 19 10.7 GSAVSA*2 9 - - 3.0

Subtotal 9 13 19 13.7ResearchstudentsSpecialresearchstudents 14 14 8 12.0Clinicaltrainee 0 1 1 0.7

Subtotal 14 15 9 12.7Total 26 47 40 37.8

*1"Postgraduateprogrammes(PhDandMsC)ofAnimalandFoodHygiene"andUGSVShasbeenclosedforacceptanceofnewstudentssince2018. *2NewpostgraduatecourseGSAVSAhasbeenopenedsince2018.

Table10.1.3.Numberofstudentsregisteredatotherpostgraduateprogrammes(includinganyexternal/distancelearningcourses) Sapporo

Programmes 2018 2017 2016 MeanResearchstudent 0 0 0 0Auditor 0 0 0 0

Obihiro

Programmes 2018 2017 2016 MeanResearchstudent 0 0 0 0Auditor 0 0 0 0

Table10.1.4.NumberofattendeestocontinuingeducationcoursesprovidedbytheEstablishmentLocation Courses 2018 2017 2016 MeanSapporo Veterinaryteachinghospitalcontinuingeducationseminars 85 192 127 134.7

MEXTGlobalbraincirculationshemeforOneHealth 0 1 2 1.0ChemicalHazardControlExpertCertificationProgram 5 9 4 6.0ZoonosisControlExpertCertificationProgram 6 9 13 9.3JICATrainingprogramShortterm 5 0 0 1.7JICATrainingprogramlongterm 2 7 0 3.0JICAtraining:CapacitybuildingofveterinarianinMongolia 6 11 11 9.3Technicaltrainingofanimalgrossanatomy 12 0 0 4.0TrainingProgramforAsianVeterinariansSecond(TP-FAVII) 1 1 0 0.7

Total 122 230 157 169.7Obihiro

Hokkaidomeatinspectionhistopathologypersonnelworkshop 10 12 12 11.3FoodValleyTokachiPersonnelTrainingProject.Foodsafetymanagementcourse:Foodbornepathogensseminar[Basic] 15 0 10 8.3FoodValleyTokachiPersonnelTrainingProject.Foodsafetymanagementcourse:Foodbornepathogensseminar[Intermidiate] 0 7 7 4.7FoodValleyTokachiPersonnelTrainingProject.Foodsafetymanagementcourse:Foodbornepathogensseminar[Advanced] 0 1 0 0.3TechnicalTraininginProductionMedicine(BasicCourse):Factsofproductionmedicineindairycattle 40 37 40 39.0TechnicalTraininginProductionMedicine(AdvancedCourse):Factsofproductionmedicineindairycattle 15 13 10 12.7Horsereproductionefficiencyimprovementtechniqueworkshop 9 9 0 6.0JICAprogramme:HygieneandQualityManagementforAnimalSourceFoods 8 7 8 7.7JICAprogramme:Localindustrydevelopmentthroughtheenhancementofhygieneandqualitymanagementforanimal-sourcedfoods

8 6 12 8.7

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ApplicationofRapidMethodsinFoodProcessing(ChiangMaiUniversityandVeterinaryPublicHealthCenterforAsiaPacific,Thailand)

- - 20 6.7

BasicGeneCloning,ProteinExpressionandPurification(ChiangMaiUniversityandVeterinaryPublicHealthCenterforAsiaPacific,Thailand)

- 27 - 9.0

Basictechnicaltrainingforultrasounddiagnosticimagingofbovinefemalereproductiveorgans 11 7 - 6.0Technicaltrainingonartificialinseminatorforimprovementofconceptionrateincattle 5 2 - 2.3Technicaltrainingonartificialinseminationwithfrozensemeninhorses 15 - - 5.0TechnicalTraininginProductionMedicine(AdvancedCourse):Basictrainingfordiagnosticimaginginreproductivemanagementofdairycattle

7 - - 2.3

Total 143 128 119 130 Table10.1.5.ListofthemajorfundedresearchprogrammesintheEstablishmentwhichwereon-goingduringthelastfullacademicyearpriortheVisitation(AY*)

Location Scientifictopics grant/2018(Euros) Duration(Years)HU

ScienceandTechnologyResearchPartnershipforSustainableDevelopmentProgram(SATREPS) 238,321.86 5(2016-2020)WISEProgram(DoctoralProgramforWorld-leadingInnovative&SmartEducation) 2,196,353.59 7(2018-2424)

Grant-in-aidforScientificResearch(fromMEXT) 2,579,755.33 1-5GrantsfromJapanAgencyforMedicalResearchandDevelopment 187,845.30 1-3GrantsfromMHLW 138,121.55 1-3Otherexternalresearchfunding 2,763,462.87 1-5

Total 8,103,860.50

OU Science and Technology Research Partnership forSustainableDevelopmentProgramme(SATREPS)(JICA-JST) 193,204.42 5(2013-2017)

Grant-in-aidforScientificResearch(fromMEXT) 1,054,775.06 1-5Otherexternalresearchfunding 937,869.29 1-5

Total 2,185,848.77

10.2. Comments SapporoThePhDstudentscomefromdiversenationalitiesandbackgrounds;45%areinternationalstudentsfrom17countries.NearlyhalfareJapanesestudentswhocomefromotheruniversitiesorotherschoolsatHU.Alllectures,seminarsandpracticesareprovidedinEnglishintheGraduateSchoolofVeterinaryMedicineandInfectiousDiseases.Thecurriculumincludesbasicandadvancedveterinaryscienceandmedicine,infectiousdiseasesandlifesciences.Thegraduateprogrammealsooffersstudentsopportunitiestogainworkexperienceand/orcollaborativeresearchininternshipsabroad.TheGraduateSchoolsprovideadequatefinancialsupportforthestudents,includingscholarships,teachingandresearchassistantpositionsandsupportfortravelingexpenses,withsupportfromtheProgrammeforLeadingGraduateSchools(byAY2017).HUcanprovidesimilarfinancialsupportviatheWISEprogramme(fromAY2018),whichoperatesundertheauspicesofMEXTinJapan.Outstandingeducationalandresearchresourcesinthefieldofinfectiousdiseases,particularlyzoonoses,areoneofitsstrongpoints.TheGraduateSchoolshavewell-establishedsystemsforqualifyingexaminations,

mentoringandsupervisionwherebyachiefsupervisorandprofessorsfromotherlaboratoriessupervisePhDstudentsinamultidisciplinarymanner.InadditiontoprovidingstandardPhDeducation,theGraduateSchoolsoffermanyprogrammesthatfostermultidisciplinaryknowledgeandtransferrablesocialskills,includingcommunication,collaboration,explanation,problem-findingandproblem-solving.TheGraduateSchoolsalsoprovidevariousprogrammestoimproveEnglishproficiencyinstudentswhoarenotnativeEnglishspeakers. ObihiroNone. 10.3. Suggestions for improvement ManyoftheactivitiesattheGraduateSchoolsrequiresupportfromcompetitiveexternalfunding.Maintainingaworld-classrankingandhighlevelsofeducationandresearchattheGraduateSchoolsdependsheavilyonthecontinuousacquisitionofexternalfunding.Wedevotealotofenergytoacquiringexternalfundingandstronglyencouragedonationstoouracademicveterinaryinstitutions.

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61 Standard 11: Outcome Assessment and Quality Assurance 11.1. Factual Information (Findings)11.1.1.DescriptionoftheglobalstrategyoftheEstablishmentforoutcomeassessmentandQualityAssurance(QA),inordertodemonstratethattheEstablishment:-)hasacultureofQAandcontinuedenhancementofquality;-)operatesadhoc,cyclical,sustainableandtransparentoutcomeassessment,QAandqualityenhancementmechanisms;-)collect,analyseanduserelevantinformationfrominternalandexternalsourcesfortheeffectivemanagementoftheirprogrammesandactivities;-)informsregularlystaff,studentsandstakeholdersandinvolvesthemintheQAprocesses;-)closestheloopoftheQAPlan-Do-Check-Act(PDCA)cycle;-)iscompliantwithESGStandards.TheVNJhasanexplicitstrategyandproceduresforqualityassurance(QA)attheuniversityandprogrammelevels.SinceVNJProgrammeisacooperativeveterinaryeducationprogrammebySVM/HUandDVM/OU,theQAofVNJcomplieswiththehomeuniversities’QAsystems.BothuniversitieshaveindividualinternalandexternalQAsystemstoenhancethequalityoftheireducationandresearch. QAattheuniversitylevel(Appendix 33, 34, 35, 36, 37)QAcultureiswellformedinJapanesehighereducationinstitutes(HEIs),asitisinEuropeanHEIs.FordetailsontheQAsysteminJapaneseHEIs,pleasereferthefollowingsite(Englishpage).http://www.niad.ac.jp/english/overview_jp_e_ver2.pdf.MEXTbearstheprimaryresponsibilityforQAinHEIs.AllHEIsinJapanareobligatedtoundergoacyclicalcomprehensiveevaluationoftheireducational,researchandorganisationaloperationsandfacilitiesbyevaluationagencies. TheQAframeworksfornationaluniversitieswerelegallyestablishedundertheSchoolEducationLawandtheNationalUniversityCorporationAct:

1. TheapprovalsystemfortheEstablishmentofNewUniversitiesbyMEXT

2. Mandatoryself-assessment3. Certifiedevaluationandaccreditation(CEA)4. Nationaluniversitycorporationevaluation

BothHUandOUhaveQApoliciesasfollows;HU:http://www.hokudai.ac.jp/jimuk/reiki/reiki_honbun/u010RG00000434.htmlOU:https://www.obihiro.ac.jp/edu-evaluation-policy

HUandOUconductsystematicself-assessmentsasprescribedbythePlan-Do-Check-Act(PDCA)cycleforinternalQA,whichislegallyrequiredbyMEXT.TheNationalInstituteforAcademicDegreesandQualityEnhancement(NIAD-QE)isoneoftheagenciesinchargeofCEA,whichiscertifiedasanevaluationandaccreditationbodyforHEIsbyMEXT(http://www.niad.ac.jp/english/).ItsaccreditationishighlyregardedandonlyawardedtoHEIswhoseeducationandresearchconditionsaresatisfactorilyevaluated.Thelegalframeworkofself-assessmentandCEAsupportseachinstitution’scontinualandautonomousprocessofqualityassurance.Asnationalcorporationuniversities,bothHUandOUmustundergoCEAeverysevenyears(ratherthansix)bytheNIAD-QE.BothuniversitieshavebeenaccreditedindividuallybytheNIAD-QE,whichverifiescompliancewiththeminimumstandards.Thelatestaccreditationateachuniversityisasfollows:HUin2016andOUin2018(Appendix37).InadditiontotheperiodicexternalevaluationandaccreditationbytheNIAD-QE,allnationaluniversitiesinJapanmustbeevaluatedbyMEXT’sNationalUniversityCorporationEvaluationCommittee(NUC-EC)everyfiscalyearandattheendofeachsix-yearmid-termperiod(Article35oftheNationalUniversityCorporationAct).Thatcommitteeisresponsibleforevaluationoftheprogress,outcomesofmid-termandannualplansforeducation,researchandmanagement.TheannualstrategicplansandresultsofthepreviousFY’sachievementsarereleasedtoandassessedannuallybyMEXT.ItinfluencestheSubsidiesforNationalUniversities.Evaluation,certificationandreviewresultsaswellasself-assessmentreportsaremadepublictoensuretransparency.RelatedinformationisalsoavailableontheofficialwebsitesofMEXT,theNIAD-QEandthewebsiteofeachuniversity.NIAD-QE:http://www-old.niad.ac.jp/english/unive/index.html HU: https://www.hokudai.ac.jp/pr/tenken/hyouka/accredited/OU: https://www.obihiro.ac.jp/ce-and-a

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Table11.1 TypesofobligatoryexternalqualityassurancesystemsfornationaluniversitycorporationsTypesofQAsystem Frequency Evaluator EvaluationStandards Results

Approvalfortheestablishmentofuniversities

Noexpirationdate

MEXT’sCouncilforUniversityCharteringandSchoolCorporation

10standards:Generalprovisions,Educationalandresearchstructure,Academicstafforganisation,Eligibilitycriteriaforacademicstaff,Studentcapacity,Academicprogrammes,Graduation/completionrequirements,Facilitiesandequipment,Administrativeorganisation,Miscellaneousprovisions

HU:Approved(1918)OU:Approved(1949)

Certifiedevaluationandaccreditation(CEA)

7year-cycle(notover6years) NIAD-QE

10standards: ThemissionoftheUniversity,TeachingandResearchStructure,AcademicStaffandTeachingSupportingStaff,StudentAdmissions,AcademicProgrammes,LearningOutcomes,FacilitiesandStudentSupport,InternalQualityAssuranceSystemofTeachingandLearning,FinanceandManagement,PublicInformationonTeachingandLearning

HU:Satisfied(2016)OU:Satisfied(2018)

Evaluationofnationaluniversitycorporation

Annuallybasisina6-yearcycle(mid-termobjectiveperiod)

NUC-EC

Performance-basedevaluationoftheNUCsbasedontheirmid-termobjectivesandplansandtheannualplansforeducation,researchandmanagement

HU:Progressedasplanned(2017)OU:Progressedasplanned(2017)

QAattheVNJlevel(Figure11.1)TheQApolicyofVNJisasfollows.1. Weofferhigh-qualityeducation,researchandservice

toallpartiesconcerned.2. Weestablishcommonvaluesinthequalitypolicyfor

allinternalandexternalpersonsconcerned.3. WeusemeasurablecriteriaintheQAsystem,and

monitorandrevisethemregularlyforqualityimprovement.

4. WeshareallQAinformationwithallinternalandexternalpersonsconcerned.

The QA policy of VNJ is shared with academic staff,studentsandstakeholders.

Asdescribedabove,eachUniversity’sQAsystemprovidesthenecessarystructureandproceduresforQA.InordertofurtherenhanceQAatthevariousoperatinglevelsofveterinaryteaching,weestablishedtheVNJQualityAssuranceCommittee(VNQAC)in2017.TheVNQACconsistsofthemembersofthelocalQACommitteesofSVM/HUandDVM/OU.TheVNQACoverseesthedevelopmentandimplementationofQAprocedures,andcontinuouslyencouragesqualityenhancementthroughthemonitoringandself-evaluationoftheVNJeducationalactivitybyincorporatingopinionsandsuggestionsfromstudentsandstakeholders.

VetNorth JapanAdvisoryPanelExternalstakeholdersStudentrepresentatives

VetNorth JapanDean&ViceDean

StudentUnionatSapporo

LocalQACommittee

atSapporo

LocalQACommittee

atObihiro

LocalDeanSapporo

LocalDeanObihiro

StudentUnionatObihiro

VetNorth JapanQualityAssuranceCommittee

VetNorth JapanExecutiveBoardDeanandViceDean

LocalAcademicAffairCommittee

atSapporo

LocalAcademicAffairCommittee

atObihioro

JointAcademicAffairCommittee

participatio

n

report feedbackinput input

feedback

Perfo

rmancere

port

feedback

participatio

nSuggestionsforim

provement

Figure11.1.VNJQAstructure

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63 VNJhasasystemtoelicitinputfromexternalstakeholdersandstudentsthroughtheAdvisoryPanel,whichisincludedintheVNJorganisationalstructure(Standard1). TheVNQACcollects,analysesandusesrelevantinformationfrominternalandexternalsourcesfortheeffectivemanagementofourprogramme.ThefeedbacksuggestionsfromQAcommitteearesenttotheProgrammeExecutiveBoardincludingdeansandtheAcademicAffairsCommitteeorrelevantcommittees.Theplansforimprovementaresetbytherelevantcommitteesandimplemented.TheoutcomeoftheplansisassessedbyQAcommitteeandtheresultsarecommunicatedtoexternalandinternalstakeholdersthroughtheAdvisoryPanelandtheAcademicAffairsCommittee,meetingwiththeStudentUnion,respectively. 11.1.2.Descriptionoftheformbywhichthestrategy,policyandproceduresaremadeformalandarepubliclyavailable.AllgeneralinformationonthequalitymanagementofHUandOU,aswellasself-assessmentandresultsofexternalevaluations,arepublishedontheuniversities’websitesasdescribedin11.1.1. Bothuniversitieshavean‘EvaluationPolicy’,whichisequivalenttotheQApolicy,andperformQAinaccordancewiththeproceduresstipulatedbytheNIAD-QEandMEXT.Thestrategy,policyandproceduresforQAatnationaluniversitiesarepresentedontheNIAD-QEwebsite:English:http://www.niad.ac.jp/english/unive/11.1.3Descriptionoftheregularpublicationofuptodate,impartialandobjectiveinformation,bothquantitativeandqualitative,abouttheeducationalprogrammesandawardstheEstablishmentisoffering.HUandOUreleasepublicinformationinannualreportsandontheirwebsites,updatingtheinformationeveryyear.Bothquantitativeandqualitativeinformationisavailable,includingthecontactdetailsofstudents,alumniandstaff,careerpathinformation,subsidiesandresearchgrants,internationalactivities,socialcontributions,VTHactivities,collaborativeactivitieswithacademia,industryandthegovernmentandawardsreceivedbystudentsandstaff.HU:https://www.vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp/about/detail/report/OU:https://www.obihiro.ac.jp/navi-factbook11.1.4.DescriptionoftheQAprocessesnotyetdescribedintheother10Standards AAALAC(SVM/HU)HUhasananimalfacilitythathasbeenaccreditedbyAAALACInternationalsince2007.ThefacilityisingoodoperatingconditionandallanimalexperimentsareconductedafterstrictreviewsbytheIACUC.Anattendingveterinarianfromtheveterinaryschool(HU)observesallanimalsrearedinthefacilityandmakesrecordsevery

day.TheAnimalExperimentCommitteeandtheIACUCfromtheveterinaryschoolinspectallareasofthefacilityandpointoutproblemstwiceayear.TheChairmanoftheIACUCreportstheresultsoftheseinspectionstotheSVM/HUdean,whothenorderstheChairmanoftheAnimalFacilitySteeringCommitteetocorrecttheproblems.Thecommitteeisresponsiblefordeterminingtheappropriatesolutionstotheproblems.ThereviewcommitteemembersofAAALACInternationalvisittheanimalfacilityeverythreeyearsanddecidewhethertorenewthefacility’saccreditation.ISO17025forLaboratoryDiagnosis(SVM/HUandDVM/OU)ThefollowingVNJlaboratorieshaveISO17025accreditation: -HU:LaboratoryofMicrobiologyforHPAI -OU:1)theDiagnosticCenterforAnimalHealthandFoodSafetyforAerobicPlateCountofMeatandDairyProductsand2)theNationalResearchCenterforProtozoanDiseasesforSurra,HorsepiroplasmosisandBovinebabesiosisBothuniversitieshavetheirownQAmanuals,accordingtowhichtheirlaboratoriesareevaluatedannually.ThespecialQAcommitteesconducttheseevaluationsandincludeinternalandexternalauditors.Inaddition,severalsubcommittees(steeringcommittees)concerningqualitycontrolsmeeteveryonetothreemonths.HACCP/ISO22000/FSSC22000forFoodSafetyManagementSystem(OU)Themilkandfoodmanagementprocessingsystemoftheuniversityfarm,slaughterfacilityandfoodprocessingfacilityareaccreditedbyHACCP/ISO22000/FSSC22000.TheQAforthemanagementofthesefacilitiesisevaluatedonceayearbyaspecialcommittee,whichiscomposedofinternalauditors.Inaddition,theCommitteeforFoodSafetymeetseverymonthtodiscussincidentsandavoidingsimilarproblemsinthefuture. 11.1.5.DescriptionofhowandbywhotheQAstrategyoftheEstablishmentisdecided,communicatedtostaff,studentsandstakeholders,implemented,assessedandrevisedTheoverallstrategicplanningincludingQAstrategyattheuniversitylevelisdeterminedbyeachuniversity.PresidentsofbothuniversitiesareresponsibleforalldecisionsregardingQAstrategy.Thestrategyiscommunicatedtostaff,studentsandstakeholdersthroughmeetingminutes,universities’outline,orthewebsites.Theimplementation,assessmentandrevisionareperformedbyadministration,relevantsections,facultiesandcommittees. TheVNJ’sQAstrategyisfocusedontheprogrammeanddiscussedanddecidedonbytheProgramExecutiveBoardbasedontheinformationprovidedbyfeedbacksfromstudents,teachingstaff,graduates,theAdvisoryPanel,VNQACandotherjointcommittees,orindividuals.Thestrategyissharedinmeetingminutes,handouts,orientationsessions,VetPortal,orbyemails.

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Implementation,assessment,andrevisionaredescribedineachoftheStandardsofthisreport.11.2. Comments AccordingtotheevaluationresultsbytheNUC-EC,MEXTratedbothSVM/HUandDVM/OUveryhighlyforthefollowingreasons:1)theimprovementoftheveterinaryeducationsystemusingthecooperativeveterinaryeducationsystem;2)thedevelopmentofane-learningsystemtosupportstudents’self-learning;3)theestablishmentoftheDiagnosticCenterforAnimalHealthandFoodSafetyandtheexperimentalanimalfacilityaccreditedbytheAAALAC;and4)therenovationofnewhospitalsforbothcompanionandfarmanimalstoprovidehigh-qualityeducationandclinicalservices.

SystematicallyreceivinginputfromexternalstakeholdersisanimportantforourQA.TheAdvisoryPanel(seealsoStandard1)hasbeenorganizedsince2017toensureourveterinarytrainingmeetstheneedsandexpectationsofstudentsandsociety. Besides,theVNQACplanstoconductasurveyofouralumni,employersandprofessionalpartnerstoassessthequality,relevanceandimpactofteachingandlearning.Theirinputisvaluabletothedevelopmentandreviewofthecurriculum.Thestudents’trainingshouldbemonitoredforqualityatthesubjectandinstitutionallevels,establishingabasisforarobustQAsystem.11.3. Suggestions for improvement Atpresent,wedon’thaveacommonwebsiteforVNJ.

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65 12. List of ESEVT Indicators 12.1. Factual Information (Findings) CalculatedIndicatorsfromrawdata Establishment

valueMedianvalue

Minimalvalue Balance3

I1 n°ofFTEacademicstaffinvolvedinveterinarytraining/n°ofundergraduatestudents 0.299 0.16 0.13 0.173

I2 n°ofFTEveterinariansinvolvedinveterinarytraining/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 1.300 0.87 0.59 0.711

I3 n°ofFTEsupportstaffinvolvedinveterinarytraining/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 1.824 0.94 0.57 1.258

I4 n°ofhoursofpractical(non-clinical)training 1279.000 905.67 595.00 684.000

I5 n°ofhoursofclinicaltraining 735.000 932.92 670.00 65.000

I6 n°ofhoursofFSQ&VPHtraining 266.000 287.00 174.40 91.600

I7 n°ofhoursofextramuralpracticaltraininginFSQ&VPH 84.000 68.00 28.80 55.200

I8 n°ofcompanionanimalpatientsseenintramurally/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 227.914 70.48 42.01 185.905

I9 n°ofruminantandpigpatientsseenintramurally/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 1.961 2.69 0.46 1.498

I10 n°ofequinepatientsseenintramurally/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 3.253 5.05 1.30 1.955

I11 n°ofrabbit,rodent,birdandexoticseenintramurally/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 0.296 3.35 1.55 -1.249

I12 n°ofcompanionanimalpatientsseenextramurally/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 0.000 6.80 0.22 -0.223

I13 n°ofindividualruminantsandpigpatientsseenextramurally/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 87.760 15.95 6.29 81.465

I14 n°ofequinepatientsseenextramurally/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 15.335 2.11 0.60 14.740

I15 n°ofvisitstoruminantandpigherds/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 10.275 1.33 0.55 9.727

I16 n°ofvisitstopoultryandfarmedrabbitunits/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 0.026 0.12 0.04 -0.019

I17 n°ofcompanionanimalnecropsies/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 0.554 2.07 1.40 -0.846

I18 n°ofruminantandpignecropsies/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 2.099 2.32 0.97 1.128

I19 n°ofequinenecropsies/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 0.249 0.30 0.09 0.156

I20 n°ofrabbit,rodent,birdandexoticpetnecropsies/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 2.991 2.05 0.69 2.299

I21 n°ofFTEspecializedveterinariansinvolvedinveterinarytraining/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 0.193 0.20 0.06 0.130

I22 n°ofPhDsgraduatingannually/n°ofstudentsgraduatingannually 0.601 0.15 0.09 0.513

1 MedianvaluesdefinedbydatafromtheestablishmentswithapprovalstatusinApril20162 Recommendedminimalvaluescalculatedasthe20thpercentileofdatafromtheestablishmentswithapprovalstatusinApril20163 Anegativebalanceindicatesthattheindicatorisbelowtherecommendedminimalvalue

12.2. Comments OveralltheESEVTindicatorsshowgoodvalues,indicatinganefficienteducationalactivitybytheVNJtoprovideenoughhands-ontrainingforstudents.However,fourindicators(I11,I12,I16andI17)arebelowtheESEVTMinimalvalue.I6:Weintroducedarotationvisittocommercialpigandpoultryfarmsin2017.ItincreasedthehourofextramuralpracticaltraininginFSQandVPH.I11:ThebalanceislowerthantheMinimalvalueduetothelowcaseloadin2016and2017.TheVTHofSVM/HUopenedExoticunitin2018.Inaddition,thenumberofpeoplewhohaveexoticpetsisgraduallyincreasinginJapan.Weexpecttheincreaseofexoticpetcasesinfuture.

I12:Wedon’thavemobileclinicforcompanionanimals,andwehavenothadsucharequestsofar.ThepetownersprefertovisittheVTHtoreceiveanadvancedtreatment.12.3. Suggestions for improvement I16:Furthertrainingofbasicclinicalskillsforhealthassessmentsofpigsandpoultryisbeingplanned.TheEstablishmentvaluewillbebetterinfuture. I17:MostcompanionanimalownersinJapandonotrequestnecropsiesoftheirpetsbecausetheyarrangetheirfuneralsinstead.Accordingly,thenumberofnecropsiesforcompanionanimalsisverylimited.Wefurthermakeanefforttoobtaintheunderstandingfrompetowners.

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AppendixList

1 Operatingplanswithitstimeframeandindicators2 TheorganizationalchartofSVM/HU3 TheorganizationalchartofOU4 CommitteeList(Joint)5 CommitteeList(HU)6 CommitteeList(OU)7 Flowchartofbudgetdecisionmaking(HU)8 Flowchartofbudgetdecisionmaking(OU)9 Annualexpendituresandrevenuesofeachuniversity10 ExampleofVMMCC(translatedversion)11 Listofallcoresubjects12 CorrespondencetableofcoresubjectstoDayOneCompetences13 Examplesofcoursesyllabi14 Weeklyscheduleofclinicalrotation15 Advancedseminars16 Logbooks(smallandlargeanimals)17 Mapandintra-muralfacilitiesofuniversity(HU)18 Mapandintra-muralfacilitiesofuniversity(OU)19 FacilitiesatHU20 Premisesforlecture,groupandpracticalworkinOU21 FacilitiesatOU22 Flowchartofthedecision-makingprocessforfacilitymatters(HU)23 Flowchartofthedecision-makingprocessforfacilitymatters(OU)24 ListofE-learningcontents25 AdmissionprocedureatHU26 AdmissionprocedureatOU27 UniversityEducationalAffairsCenter(CUEA)atOU28 Flowchartforgradeappealprocess29 Listofacademicstaff,qualifications,affiliations,teachingresponsibilities(HU)30 Listofacademicstaff,qualifications,affiliations,teachingresponsibilities(OU)31 Publicationlistofacademicstaffinpeerreviewedjournals(2016-2018)(SVM/HU)32 Publicationlistofacademicstaffinpeerreviewedjournals(2016-2018)(DVM/OU)33 QAsystemsforJapanesenationaluniversities34 Internal/ExternalQAFrameworkinVetNorthJapan35 QAsysteminHU36 QAsysteminOU37 CertificationofNIAD-QE(formallyknownasNIAD-UE)38GlossaryAdditionalAppendix1) ConclusionoftheConsultativeVisitationbyESEVTexperts(anextractoftheVisitationReport)2) NIAD-QEevaluationguideline3) Overviewofqualityassurancesysteminhighereducation