self-renewal: a prototype design for urban-village housing

SELF-RENEWALA Prototype Design for Urban-Village Housing

Chalmers University of Technology - Architecture - Master thesis 2016 AutumnStudent: Xinmin Zhuang (MPDSD) Examiner: Dag Tvilde Supervisor: Joaquim Tarrasó

URBAN-VILLAGEvillage engulfed by city

‘RULES OF GAME‘URBAN-VILLAGE TRANSFORMATION IN GUANGZHOU CITY

SELF-RENEWALA PROTOTYPE DESIGN FOR URBAN-VILLAGE HOUSING

URBAN- VILLAGEVillage engulfed by city

LOCATIONLOCATION

FromGothenburgSWEDEN

ToGuangzhou(Canton)CHINA

GuangdongProvince

GuangzhouCity (Canton)

City centre

1979 1988 1995 2002

Figure 1. Remote sensing monitoring and driving force analysis of urban expansion in Guangzhou city, China. (MA,Y., & XU, R., 2010).

RAPID CITY EXPANSION

DUAL-LAND RIGHT SYSTEM

LAND IN VILLAGE IS MANAGED BY VILLAGE COLLECTIVE

LAND IN CITYIS MANAGED BY MUNICIPALITY

RURAL SETTLEMENT-Village rely on agricultural economy

VILLAGE ON THE URBAN-RURAL FRINGE-Urban & rural contact

URBANVILLAGE-Urban& ruralconflict

URBANSETTLEMENT-Completingurban & ruralintegration

DUA

L-LA

ND R

IGHT

SY

STEM

1

2

3

4

RAPID CITY EXPANSION

1

2

3

4 URBANSETTLEMENT

VILLAGE ON THE URBAN-RURAL FRINGE

URBAN - VILLAGE

RURALSETTLEMENT

CITY CENTRE

NEWERCITYAREA

NEW DEVELOPED

INDUSTRIAL/

RESIDENTIAL

AREA

1 RURALSETTLEMENT

CITY CENTRE

NEWERCITYAREA

NEW DEVELOPED

INDUSTRIAL/

RESIDENTIAL

AREA

Village as rural settlement

IN NORTHERN GUANGZHOU

2VILLAGE ON THE URBAN-RURAL FRINGE

CITY CENTRE

NEWERCITYAREA

NEW DEVELOPED

INDUSTRIAL/

RESIDENTIAL

AREA

urban & rural CONTACT

NANCUNVILLAGE

Villagers start to rebuild / add floors,rent out rooms to migrant workers.

3 URBAN - VILLAGE

CITY CENTRE

NEWERCITYAREA

NEW DEVELOPED

INDUSTRIAL/

RESIDENTIAL

AREA

urban & rural CONflict

YONGTAIVILLAGE

City infrastructure mix with village features

Villager keep enlarging their housing and adding floors till covering the whole plot they own

Window is covered by user for privacy due to the limited distance in-between two buildings

Waste is collected at outdoor without sorting

Vehicle is controlled, electric club cars shuttle inbetween the subway station and the northest area

First floors are rent out for commerce, bringing main streets lively atmosphere at day and night

CITY CENTRE

NEWERCITYAREA

NEW DEVELOPED

INDUSTRIAL/

RESIDENTIAL

AREA

4 URBANSETTLEMENT

Completing urban & rural integration

LIEDEVILLAGE

CITY CENTRE

NEWERCITYAREA

NEW DEVELOPED

INDUSTRIAL/

RESIDENTIAL

AREA

4

Lie-de VILLAGEredevelopment project（started from 2007, completed in 2010）It is the first redevelopment project in Guangzhou CITY

Figure 4. Lie-de village, Guangzhou (Google earth, 2000).


Figure 2. Lie-de village before redevelopment, Guangzhou ( Sina news, 2007)

Figure 5. Lie-de village, Guangzhou (Google earth, 2010).


Figure 3. Lie-de village resettlement, Guangzhou ( Guangzhou Urban Renewal Bureau, 2011).

‘RULES OF GAME’Urban-village Transformation in Guangzhou City

‘Top-down’ mode= Give villagers an acceptable answer

Pearl River

New ci

ty ax

is

-Village-collective owned-Leasing for businss-Earning will be distributed to villager

-New built community -For villager resettlement

-Ownership transfer Village → State-Sold to land market for investment in construction

Original border

‘TOP-DOWN‘ MODELie-de VILLAGE redevelopment project

big demolishment & reconstructionin short-term (2007-2010)

Figure 6. A holdout case in Lie-de redevelopment project. (Sohu news, 2007).

Conflict x 138 ?

Figure 6. A holdout case in Lie-de redevelopment project. (Sohu news, 2007).

There are 138 urban-villages in the list of transformation, the previous mode will cause big social cost...

Conflict x 138 ?

+ Alternative transformation mode:

Micro-transformation

Conflict x 138 ?

+ alternative transformation mode:

micro-transformation

SELF-RENEWAL

YONG-TAI3 URBAN - VILLAGE

Housing(1990s)

Housing(2000s)

Old factory site

A

B

C

Parking building

Electric club car

Metro station

1

2

3

+

+

Urban villagermulti-story housing-built in 1990s

Urban villagermulti-story housing-built in 2000s

Village collective ownedIndustrial/Commercial area

High way/ Main road

Station/ Shuttle route of electric club car

+Metro station

Bus station

200m

N

1A

B

C

2

3

Tenants

Old factories site

Infrastructureimprovement

New commercialcomplex

Developer

Villagecollective

Villagers

Ownership of land stay as beforeInvestment = Rent

Tenants

Old factories site



Developer

Villagecollective

Villagers


Tenants

Old factories site



Developer

Villagecollective

Villagers


Tenants

Old factories site



Developer

Villagecollective

Villagers


Tenants

Old factories site



Developer

Villagecollective

Villagers

Ownership of land stay as beforeInvestment = Rent Ownershippreserved

Tenants

Old factories site



Developer

Villagecollective

Villagers


Tenants

Old factories site



Developer

Villagecollective

Villagers


Tenants

Old factories site



Developer

Villagecollective

Villagers


Tenants

Old factories site



Developer

Villagecollective

Villagers


Tenants

Old factories site



Developer

Villagecollective

Villagers


Tenants

Old factories site



Developer

Villagecollective

Villagers


Tenants

Old factories site



Developer

Villagecollective

Villagers


Tenants

Old factories site



Developer

Villagecollective

Villagers


Tenants

Old factories site



Developer

Villagecollective

Villagers


Tenants

Old factories site



Developer

Villagecollective

Villagers

Ownership of land stay as beforeInvestment = RentSELF-RENEWAL

BY VILLAGE COLLECTIVE

INFRASTRUCTURE & PUBLIC SPACE

SELF-RENEWALBY URBAN VILLAGERS?

URBAN VILLAGE HOUSINGS

VILLAGERS HAVE ABILITY TO REBUILD THEIR HOUSING PROPERTY

Villagers

Tenants

Architect Structural engineer

Municipality

Villagecollective

NewTenants

VillagersVillager = owner = developer = manager

Building permit application

Prerequisite/(Building code)

The gap [ Who manages a village within city ? ]

Builder

THE BUILDING PROCESS OF VILLAGE HOUSING

Villagers

Tenants


Municipality

Villagecollective

NewTenants





Builder

Villagers

Tenants


Municipality

Villagecollective

NewTenants





Builder

PREREQUISITE

< 80 M 2

< 11 M

Building area

Buildingheight

Each family can own one property

Villagers

Tenants


Municipality

Villagecollective

NewTenants





Builder

Villagers

Tenants


Municipality

Villagecollective

NewTenants





Builder

THE GAP IN MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Villagers

Tenants


Municipality

Villagecollective

NewTenants





Builder

VILLAGER HOUSING AS A MAIN ELEMENT IS STILL LACKING OF DESIGN GUIDANCE

SELF-RENEWALA Prototype Design for Urban-village Housing

AIM & OBJECTIVES

Easier to copy,economical to build

Beneficial for both indoor and outdoor

Providing Yong-tai urban-villagers a prototype for their rebuilt housing

DELIMITATIONS

Strategies

Prototype

Indicators

Background

Boundary of housing site

Ref.

Ref.Environmental Economic

Social

Bearable

Viable

Equitable

Sustainable

Design

Strategies

Prototype

Indicators

Background

Boundary of housing site

FOCUS AREA

23°14’N113°18’E

23°13’N113°18’E

23°13’N113°17’E

++

+

R=200m

N

0 30

Built in~2000sPlot in similar dimension~9m x 12m

Built in~1990sPlot in variousdimension

FAR3.91

Land area47,891m2

Building coverage61.87%

Building area29,628m2

Floor area187,030m2

252Buildings

INDICATORS SELECTION

OBJECTIVES

selectedINDICATORS

EFFECTIVE RANGE:Building --- Surrounding --- Neighborhood

POSSIBILITY: Short term ----- Long term

INVESTIGATION

- LIMITED SITUATION FOR REGULATORY COMPLIANCE

- ADAPTABLE LAYOUT

- BALANCE OF THE RENT AND TENANT REQUESTS

- ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY

- PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURES

- POTENTIAL SECURITY RISKS

- RAINWATER MANAGEMENT

- WASTE MANAGEMENT

- VENTILATION

- PRIVACY AND SIGHTLINE DESIGN

- DAYLIGHT

EFFECTIVE RANGE: Building - Surrounding - Neighborhood-

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- ADAPTABLE LAYOUT

- ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY

- RAINWATER MANAGEMENT

- WASTE MANAGEMENT

- VENTILATION

- PRIVACY AND SIGHTLINE DESIGN

- DAYLIGHT

EFFECTIVE RANGE: Building - Surrounding - Neighborhood-

AD

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ABL

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YOU

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- EC

ON

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EASI

BILI

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WAT

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RAINWATERMANAGEMENT ECONOMICAL

DESIGN

PRIVACY(SIGHTLINE)

WASTEMANAGEMENT

DAYLIGHT

VENTILATION

ADAPTABLE LAYOUT

>PLOT (SETBACK)DAYLIGHT> Set back building for better daylight

~1100

° ° ° °8.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.35 1.48 1.33 1.08 0.77 5.90 2.96 2.65 2.17 1.53 4.45 4.43 3.98 3.25 2.30

A1 3.00 6.12 Groundfloor B0 1.40 7.54 6.77

Basement

15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 0.00 1.53 3.06 4.59

5.91 5.30 4.33 3.06 7.81 5.52 3.91

1.10 °0.00

0.60

Lowest studio apartment

A0 8.36 7.508.66 6.12 4.33

these are the changed required Ddaylight The gap has changed inbetween Ddaylight & limited width of lane+set=back

Lowest Highest（Upper floor - thickness of floor ) Change→ 0.00 D with angle ° ° ° °Prototype A3 8.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

B2 7.35 1.48 1.33 1.08 0.77 A2 5.90 2.96 2.65 2.17 1.53 B1 4.45 4.43 3.98 3.25 2.30 A1 3.00 6.12

Groundfloor B0 1.40 7.54 6.77

Basement A0 0.60 8.36 7.50

0.97 0.87 0.71 0.50

0.87 15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 7.70 7.70 9.41 0.00 6.25 6.25 7.91 1.53 4.80 4.80 6.73 3.06 3.35 3.35 5.28 4.59 1.90 1.90 3.83 5.91 5.30 4.33 3.06 0.30 0.30 2.93 7.81 5.52 3.91

-0.50 -0.50 1.33 8.66 6.12 4.33

cosB

1.10 10.28 8.78 7.60 6.15 4.70

+Set back 3mWidth of existing lane

2.5~3mDistancebetweenbuildings5.5~6m

5.5~6m5.5~6m5.5~6m5.5~6m~1100

° ° ° °8.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.35 1.48 1.33 1.08 0.77 5.90 2.96 2.65 2.17 1.53 4.45 4.43 3.98 3.25 2.30

A1 3.00 6.12 Groundfloor B0 1.40 7.54 6.77

Basement

15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 0.00 1.53 3.06 4.59

5.91 5.30 4.33 3.06 7.81 5.52 3.91

1.10 °0.00

0.60


A0 8.36 7.508.66 6.12 4.33



B2 7.35 1.48 1.33 1.08 0.77 A2 5.90 2.96 2.65 2.17 1.53 B1 4.45 4.43 3.98 3.25 2.30 A1 3.00 6.12


Basement A0 0.60 8.36 7.50

0.97 0.87 0.71 0.50

0.87 15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 7.70 7.70 9.41 0.00 6.25 6.25 7.91 1.53 4.80 4.80 6.73 3.06 3.35 3.35 5.28 4.59 1.90 1.90 3.83 5.91 5.30 4.33 3.06 0.30 0.30 2.93 7.81 5.52 3.91

-0.50 -0.50 1.33 8.66 6.12 4.33

cosB

1.10 10.28 8.78 7.60 6.15 4.70



5.5~6m5.5~6m5.5~6m5.5~6m

~1100

° ° ° °8.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.35 1.48 1.33 1.08 0.77 5.90 2.96 2.65 2.17 1.53 4.45 4.43 3.98 3.25 2.30

A1 3.00 6.12 Groundfloor B0 1.40 7.54 6.77

Basement

15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 0.00 1.53 3.06 4.59

5.91 5.30 4.33 3.06 7.81 5.52 3.91

1.10 °0.00

0.60


A0 8.36 7.508.66 6.12 4.33



B2 7.35 1.48 1.33 1.08 0.77 A2 5.90 2.96 2.65 2.17 1.53 B1 4.45 4.43 3.98 3.25 2.30 A1 3.00 6.12


Basement A0 0.60 8.36 7.50

0.97 0.87 0.71 0.50

0.87 15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 7.70 7.70 9.41 0.00 6.25 6.25 7.91 1.53 4.80 4.80 6.73 3.06 3.35 3.35 5.28 4.59 1.90 1.90 3.83 5.91 5.30 4.33 3.06 0.30 0.30 2.93 7.81 5.52 3.91

-0.50 -0.50 1.33 8.66 6.12 4.33

cosB

1.10 10.28 8.78 7.60 6.15 4.70



5.5~6m5.5~6m5.5~6m5.5~6m

A1 Lowest apartmentB0 Groundfloor +1.1m*B1 Basement*1.1m=window height from floor

DEC 2112.00

S

N

DEC 2112.00

S

N

~1100

° ° ° °8.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.35 1.48 1.33 1.08 0.77 5.90 2.96 2.65 2.17 1.53 4.45 4.43 3.98 3.25 2.30

A1 3.00 6.12 Groundfloor B0 1.40 7.54 6.77

Basement

15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 0.00 1.53 3.06 4.59

5.91 5.30 4.33 3.06 7.81 5.52 3.91

1.10 °0.00

0.60


A0 8.36 7.508.66 6.12 4.33



B2 7.35 1.48 1.33 1.08 0.77 A2 5.90 2.96 2.65 2.17 1.53 B1 4.45 4.43 3.98 3.25 2.30 A1 3.00 6.12


Basement A0 0.60 8.36 7.50

0.97 0.87 0.71 0.50

0.87 15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 7.70 7.70 9.41 0.00 6.25 6.25 7.91 1.53 4.80 4.80 6.73 3.06 3.35 3.35 5.28 4.59 1.90 1.90 3.83 5.91 5.30 4.33 3.06 0.30 0.30 2.93 7.81 5.52 3.91

-0.50 -0.50 1.33 8.66 6.12 4.33

cosB

1.10 10.28 8.78 7.60 6.15 4.70



5.5~6m5.5~6m5.5~6m5.5~6m~1100

° ° ° °8.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.35 1.48 1.33 1.08 0.77 5.90 2.96 2.65 2.17 1.53 4.45 4.43 3.98 3.25 2.30

A1 3.00 6.12 Groundfloor B0 1.40 7.54 6.77

Basement

15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 0.00 1.53 3.06 4.59

5.91 5.30 4.33 3.06 7.81 5.52 3.91

1.10 °0.00

0.60


A0 8.36 7.508.66 6.12 4.33



B2 7.35 1.48 1.33 1.08 0.77 A2 5.90 2.96 2.65 2.17 1.53 B1 4.45 4.43 3.98 3.25 2.30 A1 3.00 6.12


Basement A0 0.60 8.36 7.50

0.97 0.87 0.71 0.50

0.87 15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 7.70 7.70 9.41 0.00 6.25 6.25 7.91 1.53 4.80 4.80 6.73 3.06 3.35 3.35 5.28 4.59 1.90 1.90 3.83 5.91 5.30 4.33 3.06 0.30 0.30 2.93 7.81 5.52 3.91

-0.50 -0.50 1.33 8.66 6.12 4.33

cosB

1.10 10.28 8.78 7.60 6.15 4.70



5.5~6m5.5~6m5.5~6m5.5~6m

~1100

° ° ° °8.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.35 1.48 1.33 1.08 0.77 5.90 2.96 2.65 2.17 1.53 4.45 4.43 3.98 3.25 2.30

A1 3.00 6.12 Groundfloor B0 1.40 7.54 6.77

Basement

15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 0.00 1.53 3.06 4.59

5.91 5.30 4.33 3.06 7.81 5.52 3.91

1.10 °0.00

0.60


A0 8.36 7.508.66 6.12 4.33



B2 7.35 1.48 1.33 1.08 0.77 A2 5.90 2.96 2.65 2.17 1.53 B1 4.45 4.43 3.98 3.25 2.30 A1 3.00 6.12


Basement A0 0.60 8.36 7.50

0.97 0.87 0.71 0.50

0.87 15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 7.70 7.70 9.41 0.00 6.25 6.25 7.91 1.53 4.80 4.80 6.73 3.06 3.35 3.35 5.28 4.59 1.90 1.90 3.83 5.91 5.30 4.33 3.06 0.30 0.30 2.93 7.81 5.52 3.91

-0.50 -0.50 1.33 8.66 6.12 4.33

cosB

1.10 10.28 8.78 7.60 6.15 4.70



5.5~6m5.5~6m5.5~6m5.5~6m

A1B0 +1.1m*B1*1.1m=window height from floor

R=200m

N

0 30

PRIVACY (SIGHTLINE) >VOLUME> Modify volume to redirect sightline

ADAPTABLE LAYOUT >FLOOR PLAN> Design floor plan for variation

+Elevator/Balcony

W

E

Minimize

E

W

Combination

Staircase

+Elevator

+Balcony

~ Studio apartment

Kitchen Toilet

1:100

TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN

+Elevator/Balcony

W

E

Minimize

E

W

CombinationMINIMIZE DIMENSION~34m2

+Elevator/Balcony

W

E

Minimize

E

W

Combination+ ELEVATOR /BALCONY~43m2

+Elevator/Balcony

W

E

Minimize

E

W

CombinationCOMBINATION (*Buidling area

<80m2)

RAINWATER & WASTEMANAGEMENT >SYSTEM

> Consider rainwater and waste management in building scale

Catchment area

Distribution

Treatment

Storage Overflow

Managed byUrban-villager(Housing owner)

Sorting bytenants

VENTILATION & ECONOMICAL DESIGN >FACADE

> Facade designed for better ventilation with economical materials

Hollow blocks

Concrete screen

Vertical green

RAINWATERMANAGEMENT ECONOMICAL

DESIGN

PRIVACY(SIGHTLINE)

WASTEMANAGEMENT

DAYLIGHT

VENTILATION

ADAPTABLE LAYOUT

Rooftop terrace

Green roof

A3 : Studio apartment

B2 : Studio apartment




Common laundry room

Gabage room

Indoor bicycle parking

Storage

Small-scalecommercial facility

Private owned green space

Elevator

Ramp

Staircase

B1+B2 : Family apartment

ROOFTOP TERRACE

Rooftop terrace

Green roof






Common laundry room

Gabage room


Storage



Elevator

Ramp

Staircase


STUDIO/FAMILYAPARTMENT

Rooftop terrace

Green roof






Common laundry room

Gabage room


Storage



Elevator

Ramp

Staircase


Rooftop terrace

Green roof






Common laundry room

Gabage room


Storage



Elevator

Ramp

Staircase


BASEMENT

GROUNDFLOOR

FROM BUILDING

TO SURROUNDING

When the prototype has been implemented morein larger scale

WHAT IF...

146/252 housings can provide more space for green.（146 / 252 housings > 80m2 permitted building area )

~22.19% of land can be transformed as private green space, and it will be an advantage for green infrastruture in this context. (10,627m2 / 47,891m2)

SELF-RENEWALA Prototype Design for Urban-Village Housing

Student: Xinmin Zhuang (MPDSD) Examiner: Dag Tvilde Supervisor: Joaquim Tarrasó

THANK YOU