TANZANIAThe Land of Kilimanjaro, Zanzibar and The Serengeti

• Wildlife Safari Tours

• Zanzibar & Beach Holidays

• Cultural & Historical Tours

Great people for memorable Safaris

The Travel Professionals in Tanzania

www.leopard-tours.com

• Groups, Incentives & Conferences

• Camping Safaris

• Mountain Climbing

HEAD OFFICEOld Moshi Road, Plot No. 17 KijengeP.O. Box 1638, Arusha -Tanzania

Tel: (+255 27) 2548441Fax: (+255 27) 2543131, 2543134, 2543219

Email: leopardtours@leopardtours.co.tz

DAR ES SALAAM BRANCHRoyal Palm Hotel, Ohio Street

P.O. Box 979, Dar es Salaam -TanzaniaTel: +255 22 2602835 / 2119755

Fax: + 255 22 2602836Email: leopard@cats-net.com

NGORONGORO BRANCHP.O. Box 1638, Arusha -Tanzania

Tel: +255 27 2537024Fax: +255 27 2537024

ZANZIBARTel: +255 24 2238752Fax: +255 747 424824

Karibu Tanzania ! 5Tanzania - the Facts 7HistoryGeographyClimateEconomy

Tourist Map 9The Northern Circuit 11Arusha National ParkKilimanjaro National ParkLake Manyara National ParkMkomazi National ParkNgorongoro CraterOlduvai GorgeSerengeti National ParkTarangire National Park

The Southern Circuit 21Mikumi National ParkRuaha National ParkSelous Game ReserveUdzungwa Mountains National Park

Other Parks 25Gombe National ParkKatavi National ParkKitulo Plateau National ParkMahale Mountains National ParkRubondo Island National ParkSaanane Island

The Swahili Coast 29Other Places to Visit 33Towns and Cities 35Zanzibar - the Spice Islands 37A Melting Pot of CulturesArabia meets AfricaTouringPembaOffshore IslandsFestivals

Kilimanjaro - the Roof of Africa 51Activity Holidays 55Special Interest Holidays 59Conference and Incentive Tourism 61Cultural Tourism 63Karibu Travel & Tourism Fair 65Travel Tips 68

Editorial Contents

Selling TANZANIA is published by Nigel Foster’s Selling AFRICA Ltd.Whilst every care has been taken to ensure all information is accurate andup-to-date, responsibility cannot be taken for any errors or omissions.© 2011

Selling AFRICA Ltd, PO Box 640, Amersham, Bucks HP8 4BU, UKTel: 44 (0)1494 766099 E-mail: sellingafrica@hotmail.com

Design: MDA Marketing Services Ltd, Little Maplestead, Halstead, Essex CO9 2RTPrint: Ancient House Press, Ipswich, Suffolk IP2 0HA

Karibu means welcome inSwahili. And there is no betterplace to enjoy an enriching

cultural and wildlife experience thanTanzania.

The magical names trip of thetongue – Kilimanjaro, Laetoli,Ngorongoro, Olduvai, Serengetiand Zanzibar ! Burton, Livingstone,Selous, Speke and Stanley !

These days Tanzania’s new andenlarged national parks mean it isthe only country in the world toprotect more than 25% of its land sogame viewing experiences arewidely regarded as the best inAfrica. It is the place to seeseemingly endless herds ofwildebeest and zebra trekkingacross the plains on their annual

migration – followed by lion,leopard, cheetah and hyena. It iselephant country, boasting some ofthe largest populations in the world,

While at Gombe and MahaleMountains National Parks, it is hometo groups of chimpanzees now sorarely seen in the wild.

Both the Tanzania mainland and,of course, Zanibar boast beautifulbeaches – hundreds of miles ofpalm-fringed sands overlooking theIndian Ocean. Its cities are relaxedand friendly. Its huge lakes, Victoria,Tanganyika and Nyasa, arebountiful with fish. Its mountains aremassive and mysterious and includeMount Meru, Ol Doinyo Lengai andthe Usambaras in addition, ofcourse, to Mount Kilimanjaro – the

‘Roof of Africa’, the tallest free-standing mountain in the world andrecently nominated as a candidatefor one of the seven natural wondersof the world.

Yet this, the largest country in EastAfrica, is untouched by the holiday-making hordes of mass tourism.

It was in Tanzania that Stanleyuttered those famous words – “DrLivingstone I presume” – when hetracked down the Scottish missionaryand explorer after a long trek intothe interior. Indeed Tanzania was amagnet for several Victorianexplorers who made epic journeysof discovery in search of the sourceof the Nile. Today’s visitors are ableto explore Tanzania, and see itsremarkable seven UNESCO World

Heritage sites, with none of thehardship but all of the adventure ofthose early pioneers.

It was on December 9, 1961 thatthe Tanzania mainland, orTanganyika as it was then known,achieved independence from GreatBritain. December 9, 2011 thereforemarks the 50th anniversary of thishistoric occasion.

Karibu Tanzania !

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Looking for ameeting venue...

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Combine business with leisure and get the best of both

ContactsFor further Information/Bookings, please contact The Managing DirectorArush International Conference Centre P.O. Box 3081, Arusha - Tanzania.Tel: 255 - 27 - 250 - 8008/2953/2595/2269 Fax: 255 - 27 - 250 - 6630Email: md@aicc.co.tzWebsite: www.aicc.co.tz

� = Available � = On Request

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HISTORYIt is with good reason that Tanzaniahas been called the “cradle ofmankind” for it was here, in 1960,that Dr Louis Leakey and his wifeMary discovered the fossilisedremains of homo habilis, or “handyman”, calculated to be 1.75 millionyears old. Since then, in 1976,hominin footprints found at Laetolihave been been dated back anincredible 3.5 million years.

Tanzania was originally occupiedby various African tribes,particularly the Masai with theirproud traditions. Arab merchantsvisited the coast some 2,000 yearsago and settled in Zanzibar aroundthe eighth century establishing traderoutes into the interior. The inter-marriage of Arabs and local peoplecreated a new race with their ownlanguage - Kiswahili, or Swahiliwhose word for a journey - safari -has become the internationaldescription of a trip into the wild.The Portuguese establishedtemporary settlements in the 16thcentury but in 17th century weresupplanted by the Omanis who

developed the infamous slave trade.The scramble for Africa by theEuropean powers at the end of the19th century led to occupation of themainland by Germany althoughZanzibar became a Britishprotectorate. After World War I,Germany was forced to surrender itsterritory to the British.

Tanganyika, as the mainland wasthen known, achieved independencefrom Great Britain 50 years ago in1961. Zanzibar becamingindependent two years later andshortly afterwards joining themainland to become the UnitedRepublic of Tanzania.

GEOGRAPHYTanzania covers 937,062 sq kmmaking it the largest country inEastern Africa. Just south of theequator, it borders Kenya andUganda to the north; the DemocraticRepublic of the Congo, Rwanda andBurundi to the west; and Zambia,Malawi and Mozambique to thesouth It is therefore a ideal centrefrom which to explore eastern,central and southern Africa.

The Great Rift Valley, the vastfault-line that runs down the spine ofAfrica, has created many fascinatingtopographical features in Tanzaniaincluding the world-famousNgorongoro Crater, Lake Tangayika,and Mount Kilimanjaro, thecontinent's tallest mountain. Thecentral plateau is a huge expanse ofsavannah and sparse woodland andwhile the interior is largely arid the800 kilometre coastline, and theislands of Zanzibar, Pemba andMafia, are lush and palm-fringed.

CLIMATEThe coastal areas are hot and humidwith an average day timetemperature of 30°C. Sea breezesmake the climate very pleasant fromJune to September. The centralplateau experiences hot days andcool nights. The hilly countrybetween the coast and the northernhighlands has a pleasant climatefrom January to September, withtemperatures averaging around20°C. Temperatures vary aroundKilimanjaro according to the seasonregistering a low 15°C during May

to August rising to 22°C duringDecember to March. For the wholecountry the hottest months are fromOctober to February. The main, longrainy season is from mid-March tolate May.

ECONOMYAgriculture plays a vital part in theeconomy of Tanzania and touristswill see evidence of this as they aredriven past huge coffee, tea andcotton plantations and witness theprocessing of cashew nuts, sisal,cloves and other spices.

The country also has largemineral deposits that include gold,diamonds and a wide variety ofother gemstones.

Of particular interest is tanzanite,a brilliant gemstone found only inTanzania. It is mined in the foothillsof Mount Kilimanjaro and is onethousand times rarer than diamonds.Geological research indicates thatthis source will be depleted in thenext 10 to 20 years and that thechances of finding tanzanite in anyother part of the world are ‘less thanone in a million’.

Tanzania - the Facts

KIA

Zanzibar

LakeNatron

NgorongoroCrater

Serengeti

Moivaro Lodges & Tented CampsRobanda Safari Camp

Ikoma Tented Camp

Tindiga Tented Camp

Natron Tented Camp

Moivaro Lodge

Kia Lodge

Kinyanguru Lodge

Unguja Lodge

Che Che Vule

Selous Wilderness Camp

Fumba Beach Lodge

The Swahili House

Arusha Safari Lodge

Migunga Tented Camp

T A N Z A N I A

marketing@moivaro.com www.moivaro.com

Crater Forest Tented Camp

Lake Manyara

Lake Eyasi

Arusha

Selous GameReserve

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Mwanza

Musoma

Karatu

Mkomazi

National Park

Lake Rukwa Great RuahaRiver

Lindi

Bagamoyo

Rubondo IslandNational Park

Tourist Map of Tanzania

marketing@moivaro.com www.moivaro.com

Moivaro Lodges & Tented CampsT A N Z A N I A

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For more information contact:The Conservator, Ngorongoro Conservation Area AuthorityPO Box 1, Ngorongoro Crater, Arusha, TanzaniaTel +255 27 253 7019/06 Fax + 255 27 253 7007E-mail: ncaa_faru@cybernet.co.tz www.ngorongorocrater.org

Welcome to the eighth Wonder of the World...the Ngorongoro Conservation Area

A world natural and cultural heritage site; an international man and biospherereserve; a home to both the ‘big five’ and pastoralists; the ‘cradle of mankind’;

and a ‘living Eden’ for tourists

The best developed ofTanzania’s tourism routes isknown as the Northern Circuit.

Here there’s the chance to see the‘big five’ - elephant, leopard, lion,rhino and buffalo - and huge herdsof wildebeest and zebra on theirannual migration.

The circuit includes many of thecountry’s most famous nationalparks, Arusha, Lake Manyara,Tarangire and the Serengeti as wellas famous landmarks such as theNgorongoro Crater, the OlduvaiGorge and Africa’s highestmountain, Mount Kilimanjaro.

ARUSHA NATIONAL PARKJust 32 km away from the town ofArusha is the Arusha National Parkwhich was described by Sir JulianHuxley as “a gem amongst parks.”It consists of three spectacular

features, the Momela Lakes, MountMeru and the Ngurdoto Crater.

On clear days magnificent viewsof Mount Kilimanjaro can be seenfrom almost any part of the park.The vegetation and wildlife varieswith the topography, which rangesfrom forest to swamp. The park isfamous for its 575 species ofbirdlife, both migrant and resident,and black and white colobusmonkey - the only place they maybe seen on the Northern Circuit.Elephant are rare, and lion absentalltogether, but other animalsfrequently seen in the park arebaboon, buffalo, giraffe, hippo,hyena, warthog, zebra and a widerange of antelope species includingdik dik and waterbuck. Leopard areever-present but, as always, difficultto find. An area of adjoining landwas recently incorporated into the

park increasing its size to 550 sq km.Tourist attractions include canoesafaris on the Momela lakes,walking safaris around the rim ofthe Ngurudoto Crater, and three orfour day climbs of Mount Meru -good acclimatisation for Kilimanjaro.Getting there: A short drive from

Arusha or Kilimanjaro Airport.

KILIMANJARO NATIONALPARKAt 5,895m, Mount Kilimanjaro isthe tallest free-standing mountain inthe world, so it can truly beregarded as the roof of Africa. “Aswide as all the world, great, highand unbelievably white,” was ErnestHemingway’s description. Now aWorld Heritage site, its outstandingfeatures are its three major volcaniccentres, Shira in the west, Mawenziin the East and the snowcapped

Kibo in the centre. The forests of thesurrounding national park areinhabited by elusive elephant,leopard, buffalo, bushbuck, theendangered Abbott’s duiker, andnumerous other small antelope,primates and rodents. They arehowever difficult to see due to thedense vegetation.Getting there: A two hour drive

from Arusha or one hour fromKilimanjaro International Airport.

LAKE MANYARA NATIONALPARKThis park is famous for its tree-climbing lions, which spend most ofthe day spread out along thebranches of Acacia trees six toseven metres above the ground.Nestling at the base of the GreatRift Valley escarpment the park isnoted for its incredible beauty. As

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The Northern Circuit

Tanzania’s original wildlife lodges are legendary. Each unique - all offeringthe very best game-viewing locations, stunning views and an unforgettablesafari experience.

For further information contact Hotels & Lodges (Tanzania) LimitedCentral Reservations, Arusha Tel: +255 27 2544595/2544825 +255 754 254600E-mail: res@hotelsandlodges-tanzania.com

www.hotelsandlodges-tanzania.com

The Hotels & Lodges Group also includes Zanzibar Safari Club, Changuu Private Island, Bawe Tropical Island and Tembo Safari Camp

HOTELS AND LODGES TANZANIALAKE MANYARAWILDLIFE LODGE • NGORONGOROWILDLIFE LODGE

SERONERAWILDLIFE LODGE • LOBOWILDLIFE LODGE

visitors enter the gate they pass intothe lush forest, home to troops ofbaboons and both blue and vervetmonkeys.

Further along the forest opens upinto woodlands, grassland, swampsand beyond these the soda lakeitself, covering 200 sq km andsanctuary to over 400 species ofbird including flamingo, pelican,storks, sacred ibis, cormorants andEgyptian geese.

The park is particularly noted forits huge herds of buffalo andelephant. Also giraffe, hippo,reedbuck, warthog, wildebeest,zebra and a great variety of smalleranimals.Getting there: A half hour flight

from Arusha or a 90 minute driveen route to the nearby NgorongoroCrater, the Olduvai Gorge and theSerengeti.

MKOMAZI NATIONAL PARKTanzania’s newest national park, thisformer game reserve contains 90%of all botanic species found inTanzania with one third classified asunique in the world. It is also hometo the Mkomazi Rhino Project. Thisinvolves the re-introduction of anumber of black rhino from SouthAfrica which, it is hoped, will breedbefore being relocated to traditionalnatural habitats within Tanzania. TheCaptive Breeding Programme for theAfrican wild dog is another projectfor the preservation of endangeredspecies that is based in Mkomazi.Getting there: By road from

Arush, Moshi or Tanga.

NGORONGORO CRATERThe Ngorongoro Crater, at 2,286 m.above sea level, is the largestunbroken caldera in the world.

Surrounded by very steep wallsrising 610 metres from the craterfloor, this natural amphitheatremeasures 19.2 km in diameter and304 sq km in area. It is home to upto 30,000 animals, almost halfbeing wildebeest and zebra. Buffalo,elephant, hippo, hyena, jackal, lion,ostrich, serval, warthog, bushbuck,eland, hartebeest, reedbuck,waterbuck and huge herds of bothThomson’s and Grant’s gazelle areeasily seen on the crater floor.Thanks to anti-poaching patrols, thecrater is now one of the few placesin East Africa where visitors can becertain of seeing black rhino, withthe number now approaching 25.Leopard may occasionally be seenin the trees of the forest surroundingthe crater while cheetah are alsopresent but rarely seen.

Large herds of giraffe live on the rimof the crater and will be seen on thedrive to Olduvai Gorge and theSerengeti.

Countless flamingo form a pinkblanket over the soda lakes whilemore than 100 species of birds notfound in the Serengeti have beenspotted.

The crater, which has beendeclared a UNESCO WorldHeritage site, lies within theNgorongoro Conservation Area,which covers more than 8,300 sqkm. It is bounded by Lake Eysai inthe southwest and the Gol Mountainsin the north. Roughly in the centre isthe Olbalal Swamp and the aridOlduvai Gorge.Getting there: A three hour drive,

or one hour flight, from Arusha. Atwo hour drive from Tarangire orsome 90 minutes from Manyara.

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OLDUVAI GORGELocated within the NgorongoroConservation Area, a short drive offthe main road between Ngorongoroand the Serengeti, the name Olduvaiderives from Oldupai, which is theMasai word for the type of wild sisalthat grows in the gorge.

It was here that, in 1959, Dr LouisLeakey and his wife Mary discoveredthe skull of first Zinjanthropus Boisei,or “nutcracker man”, and then, ayear later, the remains of HomoHablis or “handy man” at that timeregarded as mankind’s first step onthe ladder of human evolution.Many more fossils have since beendiscovered including those ofprehistoric elephants, giant hornedsheep and enormous ostriches. Thereis a small museum and anobservation platform, overlooking thegorge, where visitors can listen to aninformative talk.Getting there: A four hour drive,

or one hour flight, from Arusha. Atwo hour drive from Lake Manyaraor Tarangire National Park.

SERENGETI NATIONAL PARKThe Serengeti National Park isarguably the best known wildlifesanctuary in the world.

“Serengeti” means “endlessplains” in the Masai language, andwithin its boundaries are more thanthree million large mammals. Some35 species of plains animals may beseen here including the so-called“big seven” - buffalo, elephant, lion,leopard, rhino, cheetah and Africanhunting dog. Unfortunately very fewof the latter remain in the Serengeti.Originally exterminated as a threatto domestic stock they have morerecently become victims of distemper.

However, after being decimatedby poaching, the black rhinopopulation of the Serengeti hasdeveloped well in recent yearsthanks to constant surveillance andthe shielding of the animals frommass tourism. There are now 13black rhinos in the Moru Kopjesarea but they may be difficult to seeas visitors are only allowed to drive

through the area on certain roads.White rhinoceros are not found inthe Serengeti.

In May or early June, huge herdsof wildebeest and zebra begin theirspectacular 600 mile pilgrimage. Intheir wake follow the predators -lion, leopard, cheetah, hyena andjackal - while vultures circleoverhead and some of Africa’sbiggest crocodile lie in wait.

Other animals frequently seen inthe Serengeti include baboons,caracal, civet, bat-eared fox, genet,giraffe, hippo, honey badger, hyrax,mongoose, ostrich, serval, bothGrant’s and Thomson’s gazelle,vervet monkeys and some 20 typesof antelope including eland,hartebeest or kongoni, impala,kudu, reedbuck, roan, topi,waterbuck and the much smaller dikdik, duiker, klipspringer and oribi.

There is, of course, also aprofusion of birdlife. Over 500species including bustards, cranes,eagles, herons, owls, storks, vultures

and the bizarre, long-leggedsecretary birds.Getting there: A six hour drive,

or one hour flight, from Arusha.

TARANGIRE NATIONAL PARKClose to Arusha, 118 km away,Tarangire National Park gets its namefrom the river that threads its waythrough the length of the reserve.

It is famous for its dense wildlifepopulation which is most spectacularbetween June and September, thedry period.

During this time thousands ofanimals - elephant, buffalo, giraffe,eland, hartebeest, kudu, wildebeestand the rarely seen oryx - migratefrom the dry Masai steppe to theTarangire River looking for water.Lion, leopard and other predatorsfollow the herds. Tarangire has thelargest population of elephant of anypark in the northern circuit and isalso home to 550 varieties of bird.Getting there: A 90 minute drive,

or 30 minute flight, from Arusha.

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Reservations at www.exploreans.comInfo at info.ngoro@exploreans.com

ngorongoro lodge

The Ngorongoro Crater

The Ngorongoro ConservationArea is a UNESCO WorldHeritage Site, and International

Biosphere Reserve, covering almost8,300 sq km with altitudes rangingbetween 1,020m to 3,577m.Frequently referred to as the eighthwonder of the world, the areaencompasses a blend of landscapes,archaeological sites, people andabundant wildlife that is unsurpassedin Africa. Featuring volcanoes,grasslands, waterfalls and forests, itis home to the nomadic Masai.The centrepiece, and majorlandmark, of the Conservation Areais the breathtaking NgorongoroCrater, a natural amphitheatresurrounded by steep walls rising over600 metres from the crater floor. It isone of the world's greatest naturalspectacles whose magical setting andplentiful wildlife never fail to thrill

visitors.The crater is a natural sanctuary forsome 30,000 animals including the‘big five’ of buffalo, elephant,leopard, lion and rhino. It is alsohome to cheetah, hartebeest, hippo,hyena, jackal, reedbuck, serval,warthog, waterbuck, wildebeest,zebra and a great many bird andinsect species.Close to the Ngorongoro Craterthere are two less famous, and lessvisited, craters ideal for walking andhiking safaris.Empakaai Crater is about 6 km widewith steep walls rising to almost300m. Half of the crater floor iscovered by a deep salt water lakewhere eland andwaterbuck may been seen. The traildown to the crater floor offersspectacular views of a still activevolcano, Oldoinyo Lengai, and, on a

clear day, the snowy peaks of MountKilimanjaro. On the way down to thelake there are buffalo, bushbuck,blue monkeys and rare birds, such assunbirds and turacos.Olmoti Craters's floor is shallow andcovered with grass where,in addition to the Maasai and theirlivestock, buffalo, eland andreedbuck may be seen. The MungeRiver crosses the crater before fallinghundreds of metres in a spectacularwaterfall.Yet another attraction of theNgorongoo Conservation Area isOlduvai Gorge, the site where, in1959, Dr Louis Leakey and his wifeMary discovered the remains of whatwas regarded as man’s first step onthe ladder of human evolution.The Ngorongoro Conservation AreaAuthority was established in 1959, topioneer this multiple land use in

which conservation, tourism andpastoral activities co-exist in carefullymanaged harmony.

For further information contact:The Conservator

Ngorongoro Conservation Area AuthorityPO Box 1, Ngorongoro Crater,

Arusha, TanzaniaTel +255 27 253 7019/06Fax +255 27 253 7007

E-mail: ncaa_faru@cybernet.co.tzwww.ngorongorocrater.org

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For those looking for a moreadventurous, off the beatentrack safari, Tanzania’s southern

parks offer pristine wilderness. Lesswell known than their northerncounterparts, these southern parksare no less rewarding in terms of thewildlife while their greatest plus isthat, despite this, they receive farfewer visitors.The major southern parks compriseMikumi, Ruaha and UdzungwaMountains. The variety of wildlife,scenery and habitats on offer makesa safari combining more than one ofthese very rewarding. Travel betweenthem can be by road or light aircraft.The best time to visit the southernparks is during the dry season – Juneto November - when the roads aremore easily passable. The dry seasonalso means that the game is moreconcentrated around the riversmaking it much easier to see.Entrance fees to these parks are low,to encourage visitors, while TANAPAhave been very successful in

encouraging private investement toincrease accomodation facilities inthe park and improve its generalinfrastructure.Mikumi National Park is easilyaccessible from Dar es Salaam. Thepark borders the Selous GameReserve and shares its abundantwildlife including buffalo, elephant,hippo, lion, leopard, eland – theworld’s largest antelope, giraffe,greater kudu, impala, wildebeest andzebra. It is also famous for wild dogand 6m long python and is a goodstop-over point on the way toUdzungwa and Ruaha.Not a conventional game-viewingdestination, Udzungwa MountainsNational Park is famous for its bio-diversity and the unique plant lifefound in its rainforests. Iringa redcolobus and the Sanje crestedmangabey are among its rareprimates while numerous species ofbirds are to be seen. Activitiesinclude hiking to the Sanje waterfallsor a climb to the top of Luhombereo,

Udzungwa’s highest peak.Ruaha National Park, approximatelya 5 hour scenic drive from Mikumi, isnow both Tanzania's largest park andits largest elephant sanctuary. It ishome to a number of animals whichare rare or absent in the north. Theseinclude wild dog, roan and sableantelope, and greater kudu. Thereare also lion, leopard, cheetah andhyena. The Great Ruaha River ishome to vast amounts of hippos,crocodiles and over 370 species ofbird.Other national parks in the south ofthe country include Katavi andSaadani. Katavi, in the west, boaststhe country’s largest population ofhippo and crocodile. Buffalo,elephant, giraffe, impala, reedbuck,and zebra are abundant whileleopard, lion, hyena, eland and roanand sable antelope are also present.The lakes of Katavi and Chala arehome to over 400 bird and waterfowl.Saadani National Park, situated on

the coast some 60km north of Dar esSalaam, is a unique mixture of bushand beach. Easily accessible byroad, or charter flight, it is home tobuffalo, eland, giraffe, hartebeest,reedbuck, and waterbuck. Elephantand lion are also present. Boat tripsand walking safaris are available.

For further information contact:The Director General

Tanzania National ParksPO Box 3134, Arusha, Tanzania

Tel: +255 27 250 3471Fax: +255 27 250 8216

E-mail: info@tanzaniaparks.comwww.tanzaniaparks.com

Tanzania’s Southern Parks

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Less frequented than the nationalparks in the north, the southernparks provide a sense of

African adventure unsurpassedanywhere else on the continent.

The principal areas are the SelousGame Reserve and the Mikumi,Ruaha and Udzungwa MountainsNational Parks.

MIKUMI NATIONAL PARKLocated north of the Selous Reserve,less than 300 km. from Dar esSalaam, is the Mikumi NationalPark. Because of its accessibility it isone of the most popular parks inTanzania and is an important centrefor education where students go tostudy ecology and conservation.

The Mikumi flood plain, with its

open grasslands, dominates the parktogether with the mountain rangesthat border the park on two sides. Awide range of wildlife inhabits its3,230 sq km area. Lion is commonlyseen as are packs of wild dog, rareelsewhere in Africa. Elephant maybe encountered and other animalsfrequently observed are buffalo,civet, eland, giraffe, impala, kudu,reedbuck, warthog, waterbuck,wildebeest, zebra and Lichtenstein’shartebeest. Near the southernboundary of the park it is possible tosee groups of female and youngbachelor sable with their onedominant male.

Crocodiles, monitor lizard andgiant python are among the park’smany other residents.

At the southern end of the floodplain, in the Kikoboga area, familiesof yellow baboon live whilewallowing hippos are frequentlyjoined in their pools by flocks ofopen-billed storks, hunting formolluscs.

Over 400 species of birds havebeen observed in the park, many ofwhich are Eurasian migrants whostay between October and April.Getting there: A four hour drive,

or a one hour flight, from Dar esSalaam.

RUAHA NATIONAL PARKRecently expanded to become thelargest national park in East Africaand, after Kafue National Park inZambia, the second largest in

Africa, Ruaha is home to more than10,000 elephant. Its name derivesfrom the Great Ruaha River whichflows along its eastern border,creating spectacular gorges. Flowinginto the Rufiji River, the Great Ruahais home to hippo and crocodile.Various antelope species, such aseland, grant’s gazelle, impala,greater and lesser kudu, reedbuck,waterbuck and the rare sable androan antelope thrive in thegrasslands bordering the riveralongside buffalo, giraffe andzebra. Predators include lion,leopard, cheetah, both striped andspotted hyena, and wild dog – orAfrican hunting dog as they shouldcorrectly be called.

Birdlife is prolific, over 370

The Southern Circuit

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species have been recorded, someof which are not found in northernTanzania. Eurasian migrants flock toRuaha twice a year - March to Apriland October to November - joiningthe resident kingfishers, hornbills,sunbirds, egrets and plovers.

Best months for game viewing areduring the dry season from July toNovember, when the animals areconcentrated around the shrinkingwater-courses. The park has anairstrip for light aircraft on thewestern bank of the river.Getting there: Up to a ten hour

drive, or a one and a half hourflight, from Dar es Salaam.

SELOUS GAME RESERVEThe Selous Game Reserve is thelargest wildlife area in Africa. AUNESCO World Heritage site, thispristine, uninhabited area is largerthan Switzerland.

Selous boasts Tanzania’s largestpopulation of elephant aswell as large numbers of lion,leopard, African hunting dog,buffalo and hippo. Only in theSerengeti will visitors see a greaterconcentration of wildlife.

Once home to over 3,000 blackrhino there are sadly now only a fewhundred left. They tend to hide in thedense thickets but sightings are

possible. Species commonly seen arebushbuck, red and blue duikers,eland, hartebeest, hyena,klipspringer, impala, giraffe, oryx,reedbuck, waterbuck and zebra.Yellow baboon and vervet and bluemonkey are always a common sightwhile families of black and whitecolobus may sometimes be seenmoving from tree to tree.Endangered red colobus inhabit onlythe west of the reserve but visits toobserve this rare breed can bearranged.

The bird-life in the Selous isprolific and the 400 speciesrecorded include the globallythreatened wattled crane and thecorncrake.

The topography of the park variesfrom rolling savannah woodland,grassland plains and rocky outcropscut by the Rufiji River and itstributaries, the Kilombero andLuwegu, which together cover thegreatest catchment area in EastAfrica. The Rufiji, which flows fromnorth to south, provides the life-blood of the Selous and sailing orrafting down the river is a superbmethod of seeing game, especiallyduring the dry season between Juneand October. Crocodiles, hippo andan array of grazing antelope will beseen.

Linked to the Rufiji is LakeTagalala, where elephant, giraffe,waterbuck, reedbuck and bushbuckgather at the water’s edge. In thelong grassland, safari enthusiastsmay even get a chance to see raresable antelope, greater kudu - orlion.

The park gets its name from thehunter-explorer Frederick CourtneySelous, whose books were bestsellers in Victorian England.

Walking safaris, game drives andboat trips may be organised. Thebest time to visit is during the dryseason, when game is forced fromhiding places to the river to drink.

The waters of the KilomberoGame Controlled Area are home tothe ferocious tiger fish and vanducatfish, the latter equipped with aprimitive set of lungs which allows itto migrate from one landlocked poolto another.Getting there: Between a seven

and nine hour drive, but only in thedry season, or a one and a halfhour flight from Dar es Salaam.

UDZUNGWA MOUNTAINSNATIONAL PARKUdzungwa Mountains National Parkis a conservation area of about2,000 sq km. It lies in the Iringa andMorogoro regions of south-centralTanzania where it is bordered by the

Great Ruaha River to the north andby the road between Mikumu andIfakara to the east.

The major attraction of the park isits bio-diversity and uniquerainforest where many rare plants,not found anywhere else in theworld, have been identified. Theserange from a tiny African violet to30 metre high trees. It is for thisreason that Udzungwa is beingproposed as Tanzania’s eighthWorld Heritage Site.

The park is home to eleven typesof primate. Five of these are uniqueto Udzungwa, including theendangered Iringa red colobusmonkey and the Sanje crestedmangabey. The plateau also supportspopulations of elephant, buffalo, lionand leopard. Visitors should notexpect to necessarily see these largerspecies however as they tend to befound in the less accessible area ofthe park. Bush baby, or galago asthey are sometimes called, bush pig,civet, duiker, honey badger andthree types of mongoose are morelikely to be seen.

The park is also home to anumber of rare forest birds many ofwhich are only found in this area ofTanzania.Getting there: A five hour drive

from Dar es Salaam.

23

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Tanzania’s Other Parks

In addition to the nine parks ofthe northern and southerncircuits Tanzania has six, soon to

be seven, other national parks toexplore.

GOMBE NATIONAL PARKA mountainous strip bordering theshores of Lake Tanganyika, 16kmnorth of Kigoma. Gombe iscurrently Tanzania's smallest park.It covers just 52 sq km and is onlyreachable by boat from Kigoma.Gombe offers visitors the rarechance to observe the chimpanzeecommunities made famous byBritish explorer Jane Goodall. Anumber of monkey species canalso be seen including red colobus,red-tail and blue monkeys. Thearea is heavily forested making itunsuitable for carnivores and safe

for walking safaris. Birdwatcherswill be richly rewarded.Getting there: By air from Arusha

or Dar es Salaam. Or by road ortrain to Kigoma and then a onehour boat trip.

KATAVI NATIONAL PARKRecently extended southward tocover some 4500 sq km the mainfeatures of Tanzania's third largestpark, located about 40 km south-east of the town of Mpanda, areLake Katavi, with its vastfloodplains, the palm-fringed LakeChala and the Katuma River. Thepark is noted for its Miombowoodland and is home to buffalo,elephant, leopard, lion and zebra.Antelope species include eland,impala, topi, roan, and sable.Water fowl are abundant with Lake

Chala particularly rich in bird-lifewith over 400 species recorded.Katavi also boasts Tanzania'sgreatest concentration of hippoand crocodile.Getting there: By chater flight

from Arusha or Dar es Salaam. Ora day's drive from Mbeya or, in thedry season, Kigoma.

KITULO PLATEAU NATIONALPARKOne of the two more recentlygazetted national parks, Kitulo isthe first park in tropical Africa to berecognised largely for its floristicsignificance. Known locally as‘God’s Garden’ or the ‘Serengeti ofFlowers’, Kitulo plateau has hadover 350 species of plantsdocumented to date. These include45 species of orchids, many of

which are not found anywhere elsein the world.

Also only found in Kitulo, andthe Nundulu Mountain Reserveadjacent to Udzungwa MountainsNP, the Kipunji - or HighlandsMangabey - is the rarest monkey inAfrica. First discovered in 2003 itwas the first new monkey genusestablished since 1923.

The plateau is also home tosome important bird species, againmany endemic to Tanzania,including the endangered blueswallow, Denham’s bustard,mountain marsh widow, Njombecisticola, and Kipengere seedeater.Some of the world’s rarestbutterflies also inhabit the area.Getting there: By road from Dar

es Salaam to Chimala, via Mbeya,and then only by a 4x4 vehicle.

MAHALE MOUNTAINSNATIONAL PARKThe other sanctuary of thechimpanzee, Mahale MountainsNational Park, is only reached bycharter flight or by boat fromKigoma. Covering an area ofapproximately 1,600 sq km, thepark's western boundary is theshore of Lake Tanganyika. Thechimpanzee population isestimated at around 1,000 andthey may be observed in theirnatural habitat in groups of up to30. Yellow baboons, red colobus,red-tailed and vervet monkeys alsolive in the park and are commonlyseen as are bush-babies, bush-pigs, bushbuck, blue duiker, civet,hyrax and white-tailed mongoose.Buffalo, elephant, giraffe, leopard,lion, porcupine and other varioustypes of antelope are also presentbut will prove more difficult tofind. Lake Tanganyika is home tomore than 250 different species offish.Getting there: Between a four

and a nine hour boat trip,depending on the boat, fromKigoma. Or a two hour flight fromArusha or Dar es Salaam.

RUBONDO ISLAND NATIONALPARKA water wonderland comprisingRubondo Island and nine smallerislands tucked into a corner of LakeVictoria north-west of Mwanza. Thepark provides a variety of habitatsranging from savannah to openwoodland, dense forest, papyrusswamps and sandy beaches. Thereis also a wide variety of animalsincluding bushbuck, crocodile,elephant, genet, giraffe, hippo,mongoose, vervet monkey and thereclusive sitatunga - a shaggycoated aquatic antelope. The bird-

life is unique with species fromeast, central and southern Africaflocking to 'Bird Island' to breed.Bee-eaters, fish eagle, heron, ibis,kingfisher and spoon-billed andsaddle-billed stork may be seen.Getting there: By air from Arusha

or Mwanza. Or by road fromMwanza and then a boat transfer.

SAADANI NATIONAL PARKTanzania’s first coastal wildlifesanctuary is located on the IndianOcean coast some 45 km north ofBagamoyo and directly west ofZanzibar. The park contains manyindigenous species includingLiechtensteins hartebeest and therare Roosevelt sable. A goodpopulation of elephant live inSaadani as do several herds of

buffalo and numerous large groupsof hippo and crocodile. Lion,leopard, hyena, giraffe, greaterkudu, red duiker, reedbuck,warthog, waterbuck, wildebeestand zebra can also be seen whilethe bird life is extensive.

Bottle nose dolphin are commonoff the coast of the park; whalespass through the Zanzibar channelin October and November; andgreen turtle breed at MadeteBeach.

Saadani village is one of theoldest communities on the EastAfrican coast while the Kaole ruinsand historic Bagamoyo are nearby.Getting there: About a four hour

drive from Dar es Salaam or bycharter flight from Dar es Salaamor Zanzibar.

SAANANE ISLANDSaanane Island, in Lake Victoria, isshortly to be elevated to nationalpark status increasing the numberof Tanzania National Parks to 16. Itwill be the smallest national park inEast Africa covering an area ofonly 0.7 sq km. Saanane iscurrently home to agama lizards,clawless otter, crocodile, impala,monitor lizard, python, rock hyrax,tortoise, vervet and de brazzamonkey, and wild cat but there areplans to introduce new species suchas dik-dik, grant’s gazelle,klipspringer and zebra. Over 40type of resident and migratorybirds may be seen.Getting there: By air to Mwanza

and then by boat.

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Remnants of a spectacularhistory give Tanzania’smainland coast an appeal far

greater than just sun, sand and sea.More than 800 kms of coastline,from Tanga in the north to Mtwarain the south, consist of palm-fringed,white sandy beaches looking outover the warm, sparkling waters ofthe Indian Ocean. These offerunlimited scope for big gamefishing, scuba-diving, snorkellingand other varieties of water sports.However insufficient attention isoften paid to the coast’s vast arrayof other natural and culturalresources as, in addition to thebeach resorts to both the north andsouth of Dar es Salaam, there are anumber of other major tourist

attractions. Ancient Bagamoyo, aformer capital city, and the nearbyKaole Ruins; historical Mafia Island;the natural beauty of Pangani;Saadani National Park; and thehistory and culture of the UNESCOWorld Heritage sites of KilwaKisiwani and Songo Mnara.

Areas scheduled for developmentinclude the Mnazi Bay area ofMtwara and the Rufiji River delta.

BAGAMOYOOnce the penultimate stop for

slave and ivory caravans travellingfrom Lake Tanganyika on their wayto Zanzibar, the name Bagamoyomeans ‘Bury my Heart’ in Swahili.Missionaries, intent on abolishingthe slave trade, made it the centre of

their activities. The museum has awonderful collection of photographsand mementos relating to DavidLivingstone while a house whereHenry Morton Stanley once livedcan be seen near the beach.Saadani National Park lies 45 km tothe north and the Kaole ruins five kmto the south.

DAR ES SALAAMThe largest city and the economic

capital of Tanzania, Dar es Salaamalso has much to interest touristsstaying in the city before, or after,their safari to the parks and gamereserves in the south.

The Nyerere Cultural Centre, aself-supporting handicraft scheme, iswell worth a visit. Here over 100

young artists can be seen at workproducing various works includingpaintings, carvings, batiks, potteryand weavings.

Enjoy the hustle and bustle of theKariakoo Market were fish, fruit,vegetables, traditional medicines,herbs and livestock are traded. Themaze of stalls and shops in thebazaar that surrounds the market,are also worth exploring.

Nearby beaches include Armani,Bahari, Jangwani, Kunduchi andOyster Bay. Jangwani and Kunduchialso feature water amusement parks.

KAOLEAbout five kilometres to the south ofBagamayo, at Kaole, are the ruinsof a once prosperous Arab town,

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The Swahili Coast

31

which was forced into decline by thearrival of the Portuguese in the 15thcentury. The ruins, dating back tothe 13th century, include two coralmosques, one the oldest in Tanzaniaand one of the oldest in East Africa,and numerous Shirazi-style pillaredtombs.

KILWAA group of three former settlements– Kilwa Kivinje and Kilwa Masokoon the mainland and the offshoreisland of Kilwa Kisiwani - Kilwa wasoriginally established as a centre forthe gold trade. Now a WorldHeritage site, it is home to some ofthe most spectacular ruins on theEast African coast. Kilwa Kisiwaniand the nearby Songo MnaraIslands contain numerous ruins manydating back to the 13th century.

MAFIA ISLANDA 20 minute flight south of Dar esSalaam, Mafia Island wasTanzania’s first Marine Park. It is oneof the most exciting diving andfishing areas in the world and ishome to some four hundred speciesof fish and five species of turtle.

Sports fisherman flock here for thesuperb catches, many of them greatfighters, which include barracuda,marlin, sailfish and tuna. The mainseason is from September to Marchalthough fishing is possible all yearround within the reef and channel.Divers will see a veritablekaleidoscope of reef dwellers amongthe fifty types of coral. These includebutterfly fish, clown fish, lion fishand rainbow fish while, in deeperwaters, they will come acrossgroupers, rays and sharks. The rare

dugong breeds in the Mafia Channelwhile the green and hawksbill turtlenest on the smaller islands.

MIKANDANIThe starting point for Livingstone’sfinal journey, Mikandani is a town,close to Mtwara, on Tanzania’ssouthernmost coast. The Mnazi BayMarine Reserve is nearby as is theRuvuma River, the border withMozambique and home to hippos,crocodile and a myriad of bird-life.

PANGANISituated on the coast two hoursnorth of Saadani National Park, anda further two hours from AmaniNature Reserve, this is a delightfulvillage with its mosque, ancient Arab

buildings and a six km palm-fringedsandy bay.

The birthplace of Tanzania’s sisalindustry, and once the major port forthe export of slaves and ivory,visitors can snorkel at Maziwe IslandMarine Reserve, try deep-seafishing, or visit Ushongo Beach some16 km south of the village.

RAS KUTANIRas Kutani, a resort to the south ofDar es Salaam, is ideal for rest andrecreation before or after an excitingwildlife safari.

RUVUMA RIVERThe river, which forms Tanzania’sborder with Mozambique, is hometo hippos, crocodile and, with Mnazi

Bay, forms one of the country’s newmarine sanctuaries.

SAADANINow a national park, and enlargedto over 1,000 sq km, Tanzania’sonly coastal park is situated on theshores of the Indian Ocean north ofDar es Salaam and Bagamoyo.

TANGAThe country’s second, and majornorthern port, Tanga is close to theborder with Kenya. It is a convenientgateway to the Amanai NatureReserve, the Amboni Caves - themost extensive limestone caves inEast Africa - and the new MkomaziNational Park.

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In addition to the fantastic wildlife,glorious beaches and stunningscenery there are plenty of other

things to see in Tanzania.

AMANI FOREST NATURERESERVEEstablished to protect the flora andfauna of the East UsambaraMountains, the reserve is an ecoTourism attraction with an emphasison walking and hiking’.

AMBONI CAVESAbout 8 km north of Tanga these tenlimestone caves, formed during theJurassic Age, are the most extensivecave system in East Africa.

EASTERN ARC MOUNTAINSA crescent shaped mountain rangerunning along the eastern side ofTanzania. Often called the‘Galapagos of Africa’, the rangeincludes the Pare, Usambara, andUdzungwa Mountains.

ISIMILA STONE AGE SITEStone Age tools and fossilized boneswere discovered here in 1951.Among them those of a mammalrelated to the modern giraffe and anow extinct type of hippopotamus.

KALAMBO FALLSClose to the border with Zambia,and near the tip of Lake Tanganyika,a 215 metre drop makes this one ofthe highest waterfalls in the worldand, after Tugela Falls in SouthAfrica, the second highest in Africa.

KONDOA IRANGI ROCKPAINTINGSHalf way between Dodoma andArusha, near the village of Kolo, aresome of the finest examples of rockpaintings in the world ! Theseextraordinary paintings are nowTanzania’s seventh UNESCO WorldHeritage site.

LAKE EYASIHome to the Hadzabe bushmen,some of the last remaining hunter-gathers in Africa, Lake Eyasai is asalt lake situated on the southernedge of the NgorongoroConservation Area.

LAKE NATRONA soda lake, at the base of OlDoinyo Lengai close to the borderwith Kenya, the lake is home tothousands of flamingo. Thesurrounding area, with its streamsand waterfalls, is ideal for walking.

LAKE NYASASet against the stunning backgroundof the Livingstone Mountains, thelake’s shores form the border withMozambique and Malawi.

LAKE TANGANYIKALake Tanganyika, the longest andsecond deepest freshwater lake inthe world, contains one of the richestconcentration of fish foundanywhere. More than 300 differentspecies live within it. Gombe andMahale national parks both borderthe lake.

LAKE VICTORIAThe source of the Nile eluded 19thcentury explorers but today’s touristscan easily view the waters thatsupply it. Lake Victoria is by far thelargest lake in Africa and is thesecond largest freshwater lake in theworld.

LIVINGSTONE MOUNTAINSA range of low-lying mountains thatrise precipitously from the shores ofLake Nyasa.

MBOZI METEORITEA 12 ton iron monolith, the world’seighth largest known meteorite, lies

on the slopes of Marengi Hill, off theroad to Tunduma, 70km west ofMbeya.

OL DOINYO LENGAISituated at the southern end of LakeNatron, and known as ‘Mountain ofGod’ to the Masai, Ol DoinyoLengai rises to an elevation of 9,442feet. It is the only active volcano inTanzania and last erupted in 2007.

TENDUNGURUA site near Lindi where, in 1912,German palaeontologists found theremains of several dinosaurs.

UJIJIA village close to Kigoma fromwhere, in 1858, Burton and Spekecommenced their exploration of LakeTanganyika and where, in 1871,Henry Morton Stanley pronouncedthe famous words “Dr Livingstone Ipresume”.

USAMBARA MOUNTAINSLocated to the west of Tanga, andpart of the Eastern Arc Mountains,the Usambaras offer incrediblenatural biodiversity and are aparadise for hikers and bird-watchers.

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Other places to visit

35

ARUSHALocated in the north of Tanzania, inthe shadow of Mount Meru, Arushais the safari capital of the country.Tourists usually overnight herebefore their safari around theNorther Circuit. Built by theGermans as a centre of colonialadministration, Arusha is now oneof the country’s most prosperoustowns. The site for the UnitedNations Criminal Tribunal and theheadquarters for the tripartiteCommission for East African Co-operation, Arusha is also the centrefor the trading of Tanzanite, a raregemstone only found in Tanzania.The Cultural Heritage centre -offering a huge selection ofcarvings, gemstones, artifacts,clothing and books - and theadjacent new, four storey ArtGallery are both well worth a visit.

BAGAMOYOSome 70 km north of Dar esSalaam, on the coast oppositeZanzibar, Bagamoyo was once oneof the most important trading portson the East African coast. Theformer capital of German EastAfrica, it is a centre for dhowbuilding. Saadani National Park is45 km to the north and the Kaoleruins five km to the south.

DAR ES SALAAMDar es Salaam, which means“Haven of Peace” in Swahili, boastsone of the world’s finest naturalharbours but, while it has grown tobecome a prosperous centre of theEast African region, it remains aplace of fascination with manyreminders of its colourful past.Dhows still ply its waters while dug-outs, piled with fish, bob by theharbourside. The city displays themany influences of its history. Thereis an Asian district with its specialityshops, restaurants and temples,while the German colonisation hasleft behind a Bavarian-style railwaystation, the Roman Catholic St.Joseph’s Cathedral and theLutheran Azania Front Church. TheBotanical Gardens and GymkanaClub are evidence of Britishoccupation. Dar es Salaam’s60,000 seater, multi-purposeNational Stadium was been built toboth FIFA and Olympic standardsat a cost of US$56 million.

DODOMALocated in the heart of Tanzania,Dodoma is the nation’s officialpolitical capital and its seat ofgovernment. Smaller and lessdeveloped than the country’scommercial centre, Dar es Salaam,

Dodoma, is also the centre ofTanzania’s expanding wine industry.

IRINGALocated in the southern highlands,Iringa overlooks the Ruaha Riverand is a popular stopping point forvisitors to Ruaha National Park.

KIGOMAKigoma, is located on the easternshores of Lake Tanganyika. It is aparticularly good base forchimpanzee safaris to both Gombeand Mahale Mountains NationalParks while Ujiji, the village whereStanley met Livingstone, is nearby.

MBEYANear the Zambian border, Mbeyais a major agricultural centre.Coffee, tea, bananas and cocoaare all grown in the area. It is themain gateway to Kitulo NationalPark and the site of the Mbozimeteorite.

MOSHINestled at the base of MountKilimanjaro, Moshi is the coffeeproducing centre of the countryand vast plantations blanket thearea. Sugar plantations are also ofcentral importance to the region’seconomy but the main reason

visitors come to Moshi is to climbKilimanjaro.

MTWARALocated on the south-eastern coast,near the border with Mozambique,Mtwara is a good base forexploring the Mnazi Bay RuvumaEstuary Marine Park and nearbyMikandani.

MWANZASituated on the southern shores ofLake Victoria, Mwanza is theperfectbase base from which to vititnearby Rubondo Island NationalPark, Saa Nane Island BirdSanctuary and the Bujora SukumaMuseum.

TABORAIn the hinterland of westernTanzania, Tabora is a key transitpoint as the main railway line fromDar es Salaam branches here forboth Kigoma and Mwanza.

TANGAThe country’s second major port,Tanga is a natural gateway to theAmani Nature Reserve, the AmboniCaves, Tongoni Ruins and bothMkomazi and Saadani NationalParks.

Towns and Cities

Zanzibar’s colourful history isan epic saga of travellers andtraders, raiders and colonisers.

To its shores came Sumerians,Assyrians, Egyptians, Phoenicians,Indians, Chinese, Malays, Persians,Portuguese, Arabs, Dutch and theBritish, each leaving behind a legacyof their stay. From the island thegreat European explorers – Burton,Speke, Livingstone, and Stanley - setoff for their voyages of discoveryinto the vast, uncharted wildernessof the great African hinterland.

Bantu tribes from the mainlandwere the first inhabitants of theisland, but by 700 AD the IndianOcean trade winds had broughtPersians and Arabs to its shores.

From the beginning of the 16thcentury, for 200 years, Portuguese

raiders dominated this part of theEast African coast. Then, in 1652,Zanzibar was invaded by Arabsfrom Oman, signalling the end ofPortuguese domination. SultanSayyid Said moved his capital fromMuscat to Zanzibar in 1840 toexploit the flourishing slave tradeand the island grew in power,wealth and population.

David Livingstone stronglyprotested against this inhumaneactivity creating a ground-swell ofopposition in Britain. Under pressurethe Sultan outlawed the export ofslaves in 1873. Zanzibar thenbecame a British protectorate in1890 and in 1913 power wastransferred to the British.

Independence was achieved, inDecember 1963, under Sultan

Jamshid bin Abdulla but thesultanate was toppled in favour of aPeople’s Republic a month later. OnApril 26, 1964 the republic joinedTanganyika to form the UnitedRepublic of Tanzania.

Just the name, Zanzibar, evokesdreams of romance and mystery andthe reality will not disappoint thetraveller seeking an enlightening andenjoyable holiday experience.Zanzibar - the name includes themain island, Unguja, and its sisterisland, Pemba - has for centuriesattracted seafarers and adventurersfrom around the world. Now itwelcomes a new generation ofexplorers - those who have come tomarvel at the rich heritage, reflectedin the architecture and the culture ofthe people.

Visit Zanzibar’s historic StoneTown - another of Tanzania’s sevenUNESCO World Heritage sites.Relax on the dazzling white, palm-fringed beaches, where the azurewaters of the Indian Ocean beckonswimmers, divers, fishermen andwater-sports enthusiasts alike.

Breathe in the fragrant scents ofcloves, vanilla, cardamom andnutmeg, and discover why Zanzibaris called “The Spice Islands.”

Explore the forests, with their rareflora and fauna.

Or visit some of the many ancient,archaeological sites.

Spend a few days here before orafter a safari on the Tanzanianmainland or, better still, allocate aweek or two and immerse yourself inthe magic that is Zanzibar.

Zanzibar - the Spice Islands

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It may not have a particularlyromantic name, but Stone Town, isthe capital and cultural heart of

Zanzibar, little changed in the last200 years. It is a labyrinth ofwinding alleys, bustling bazaars,mosques and grand Arab houseswhose extravagance is reflected intheir brass-studded, carved, woodendoors.

The National Museum is a goodstarting point for finding out more ofthe history and culture of Zanzibar.It opened in 1925 and containsrelics from the time of the Sultansand the early explorers, as well astraditional carvings and exhibits oflocal wildlife, including a goodcollection of birds and reptiles.Another “must” is the House ofWonders, with its pillars, frettedbalconies and intricately carveddoors. It was built by SultanBarghash in 1883. and wasoccupied by the British in 1911when the Sultan moved to the less

pretentious palace, now called thePeople’s Palace, on the other side ofthe street.

Next to the House of Wonders isthe Old Fort, built on the site of aPortuguese church when the Arabstook over the island, and now thevenue for many of Zanzibar’snumerous theatrical and musicalevents. Perhaps the most impressive,ornate building is the OldDispensary which has recentlyundergone excellent restorationwork. The High Court and AfricaHouse, a former English gentleman’sclub and now a boutique hoteloffering, supposedly, the best view ofthe sunset, are also worth a visit asis Livingstone House, where theScottish explorer lived for threemonths in 1866 gathering suppliesfor the expedition which was to turnout as his last.

At the centre of Stone Town arethe Persian-styled Hamamni Baths,built at the command of Sultan

Barghash at the end of the 19thcentury while nearby is theCathedral Church of Christ,completed in 1879 on the site of anopen slave market. Echoes ofZanzibar’s more sinister past arealso to be found in Tippu Tip House,built for the notorious slave andivory trader Hamad bin Muhammadel-Marjab, and a former slave pit innearby Kelele Square.

North of Stone Town are theformer palaces of Maruhubi andMtoni. The ruins of Maruhubi offer atantalising glimpse of the formergrandeur of this palace, built bySultan Barghash in 1880 to househis harem, but burned down in1889. The palace of Mtoni suffereda similar fate. Dating back to theearly part of the 19th century, itonce housed 1,000 people.

Inland from here are the Kidichiand Kizimbani Persian Baths, builtin1850 for the Persian wife of SultanSaid, and Dunga Ruins, the remains

of a palace built between 1846 and1856. Legend says that slaves wereburied alive in the foundations of thepalace, and others killed in orderthat their blood could be mixed withthe mortar, to bring good luck to thebuilding.

Further north are the Coral Caveand Mangapwani Slave Chambers,used to conceal slaves at night, andTumbatu Island with its Shirazi Ruins.

South of Stone Town are theremains of the Mbweni Palace andChukwani Palace while, to the east,are the Bikhole and Unguja UkuuRuins. The latter is the site of theisland’s oldest known settlementdating back to the 8th century. Stillfurther south is the former walledcity of Kizimkazi, where the ruins ofShirazi Mosque, part of which datesback over 900 years, are found. Acoral stone inscription providesevidence of its age, making this oneof the earliest Islamic buildings inthis part of East Africa.

39���

Serenity • ComfortLuxury • Class

“I’m in Paradise”

ZANZIBAR SAFARI CLUB, P.O. Box 1282, Uroa, ZanzibarFor further information contact Hotels & Lodges (Tanzania) LimitedTel: +255 27 2544595/2544825 +255 754 254600res@hotelsandlodges-tanzania.comwww.hotelsandlodges-tanzania.com Zanzibar Safari Club is a member of Hotels and Lodges (T) Limited

- Dr David Livingstone 1866, Zanzibar

Zanzibar Safari Club lies on an unspoiled beach on the shores ofthe warm waters of the Indian Ocean.Located in Uroa, on the eastern coast of Zanzibar, it is just 35kilometres from Stone Town and a 45 minutes’ drive fromZanzibar International Airport.

Characterised by exquisite taste and attention to detail, andelegantly decorated with an exclusivecollection of antiques, its fifty rooms,tastefully decorated with traditionalArabic furniture, offer maximum comfortand relaxation.

The Zanzibar Safari Club welcomes itsguests with warmth and hospitality,offering a unique but real experience thatgoes beyond the wildest of dreams.

Tours of Zanzibar are arewarding experience. Visitorswill travel past fragrant

plantations of cloves, cinnamon,nutmeg and other spices on theirway to numerous places of historicalinterest; to the unique flora andfauna of Jozani Forest; topicturesque fishing villages; and toone of many white sandy beaches.

DHOW CRUISESCruise around the islands on a

traditional Arab dhow whileenjoying a seafood lunch of grilledfish and lobster with an exotic fruitjuice, ice-cold soda, chilled beer orglass of wine. All followed by coffeeand liqueurs as the sun sets.

DOLPHIN TOURSWatching or, particularly,

swimming with dolphins, in theirnatural habitat can be both excitingand educational. However care mustbe taken to avoid disturbing theanimals as this could have a

negative effect on their daily life.Dolphins are marine mammals thatspend their entire lives in the water.Like other mammals, they are warmblooded and breathe air. Mostcommonly seen around Zanzibarare the bottlenose and humpbackvarieties although spinner dolphinsare also seen north of the island.

ISLAND TOURSBrilliant white beaches provide the

perfect place to take a break frombusy sightseeing. The beaches are aparadise but there are alsonumerous picturesque fishingvillages where the people live asimple way of life, unchangedthrough the years. So, as well as allforms of water-sports, there is alsoample opportunity for fishing or justwatching the activities of the localfisherman. Nungwi, at thenorthernmost tip of the island, offerspossibly the best swimming on theisland. There is also a turtleaquarium there and a boatyard

where fisherman’s dhows are stillbuilt in the old traditional way.

JOZANI FORESTThirty-five kilometres south-east

from the city is the Jozani ForestReserve, an area of 10 sq km whosethick forests, with trees over 100years old, are one of the lastremaining sanctuaries of the redcolobus monkey. Jozani has beenprotected since 1952 and wasdeclared a nature reserve in the1960s. Several rare and endemicspecies survive in Jozani. Mostvisitors come to see the ZanzibarRed Colobus, which are only foundin and around Jozani but otherresidents include blue, monkey,bushbaby, bushpig, chameleon,civet, mongoose and tree hyrax.There are also two species of verysmall antelope - Ader’s duiker, oneof the two rarest antelope in theworld, and the even smaller suni.Both are extremely shy and unlikelyto be seen. Leopard are also present

in Jozani, a local, smallersub-species than on the mainland,but they are even less likely tobe seen.

However the birdlife is extensivewith over 100 varieties recorded.

SHOPPING TOURSStone Town is a shopper’s

paradise. The narrow windingstreets are crammed with storesselling antiques, art, books, clothes,coffee, gemstones, jewellery,paintings, perfumes, printed fabrics,silver, tea and, of course, spices.

SPICE TOURSProbably the best way of seeing

the island. While taking tourists on awalking tour, local guides will pluckbunches of leaves from variousbushes and ask visitors to guess whatthey are. Most will be found in theaverage kitchen spice rack - blackpepper, chillies, cinnamon, cloves,coconut, garlic, ginger, lemon grass,nutmeg, turmeric and vanilla.

41

���

Two islandsPrison Island

Fancy having breakfast in prison?Things have changed a lot here since explorers such as Vasco da Gama, Henry Stanley and

David Livingstone passed through Zanzibar. This prison-turned-hotel is so good you will want toserve a life sentence !

• 15 deluxe sea facing cottages with private • Floodlit tennis courtdecks, two al fresco showers and bathtubs • Restored prison with bar, cafe, boutique

• 12 standard sea-facing rooms with their own and librarybar and stunning views of Stone Town • Four bars

• Fresh water swimming pool • Sanctuary for Aldabra Giant Tortoises

CHANGUU PRIVATE ISLAND PARADISE (PRISON ISLAND – ZANZIBAR)P.O. Box 3604, Zanzibar, Tanzania.

For further information contact Hotels & Lodges (Tanzania) LimitedTel: +255 27 2544595/2544825 +255 754 254600 Email: res@hotelsandlodges-tanzania.com

www.hotelsandlodges-tanzania.comChanguu Private Island is a member of Hotels & Lodges (T) Limited

- one OceanBawe Island

Your destiny was written here one century agoThere are no Mondays on this island ...

... time has no importance here !

• 12 deluxe sea facing cottages with private • Dhow bardecks, two al fresco showers and bathtubs • Robinson Crusoe beach bar

• Fresh water swimming pool • Sunset deck• Restaurant offering local and international cuisine • Baobab deck

BAWE TROPICAL ISLAND (ZANZIBAR)P.O. Box 3604, Zanzibar, Tanzania.

For further information contact Hotels & Lodges (Tanzania) LimitedTel: +255 27 2544595/2544825 +255 754 254600 Email: res@hotelsandlodges-tanzania.com

www.hotelsandlodges-tanzania.comBawe Tropical Island is a member of Hotels & Lodges (T) Limited

ZanAir offers schedule flight servicesfrom Zanzibar to numerous destinations in Tanzania

Daily flights from Zanzibar to Dar es Salaam, Pemba, Saadani, Arusha and Selous** (Mtemwere, Beho Beho, Simbazi, Matambwe, Kiba)

ZANAIR LIMITEDP.O. Box 2113, Zanzibar, TanzaniaTel: +255 24 2233670 / 2233768Email: reservations@zanair.comwww.zanair.com

the preferred choice

45

Fifty kilometres north of Zanzibarmain island and directlyopposite the mainland port of

Tanga, is the highly fertile PembaIsland which, although smaller thanZanzibar, is hillier and greener andgrows three times as many cloves.Pemba has its own distinct characterwith more historical monuments,particularly ruined mosques andtombs, than on the main island;some excellent beaches; andspectacular diving and fishing

In the centre of the island isChaka Chaka, the capital and maintown, where there are remains of a200 year old Arab fort. Some 14km to the west, at Ras Mkumbuu,are the ruins of a 14th centurymosque and some elaborate ‘pillar’or ‘chimney’ tombs used to mark theburial place of prominent Muslims.While 10 km to the south the PujiniRuins feature a fort built around the15th century and known locally asMkame Ndume. Other interestingsites may be seen near Kangagani,Mkamandume, Chakalakati andMtangani Island, on the east coast,and near Wete to the north.

Also in the far north of the islandis the Ngezi Forest Reserve, aprotected area containing rare trees– some not found anywhere else inthe world. These include the PembaPalm known locally as theMapapindi Palm. The wildlifefeatures the indigenous PembaFlying Fox – really a large bat –blue duiker, civet, vervet monkey,marsh mongoose and tree hyrax.Bird species include flycatchers,hornbills, kingfishers, turacos,starlings and several varieties of owl.

Four species – the Pemba scops owl,white-eye, green pigeon and violet-breasted sunbird - are endemic toPemba. The much smaller Ras KiuyuForest Reserve, joined to the northeast tip of mainland by just anarrow strip of land, is home to amuch less impressive range of floraand fauna.

Pemba offers some of the bestdiving in the world although,because of the strong currents, someis best suited to more experienceddivers. Misali Island, to the west of

Chake Chake, is now a MarineConservation area, rich inbiodiversity, and with more than 40different species of coral, 350varieties of fish, and five types ofturtle. It is therefore a perfect placefor both snorkelling and diving.There are also some idyllic beacheswhere swimming is possible at bothhigh and low tide. Green turtles neston the western side of the island.

Popular dive sites are EmeraldReef and Wreck Dive, off PanzaIsland in the south, and Fundu Reef,

Kokota Reef, Njao Gap, and UvinjeGap in the north-west. Other goodbeaches can be found at Fundu,Varani, Vumawimbi and on thelesser islands of Funzi, Kiweni,Panza and Uvinje.

Pemba also offers some of thebest game fishing in the world withbarracuda, billfish, blue marlin,dorado, kingfish, sailfish, tuna andwahoo all found in the watersaround the island and, especially, inthe Pemba Channel that runsbetween Zanzibar and Pemba.

���

A premier vacation spot on the exotic Island of Zanzibar

Langilangi Beach BungalowsP.o. Box 132, Nungwi, Zanzibar, Tanzania

Tel: +255 24 2240470/1, Fax: +255 24 2240471reservations@langilangizanzibar.com

www.langilangizanzibar.com

Named after the aromatic flower, Langi Langi Beach Bungalows are located on Zanzibar’s North Coast - Nungwi, famous for deep sea fishing, fantastic swimming beaches and dhow making. We offer exquisite bungalows designed and furnished in a Zanzibari tradition village with all the modern amenities. Comfort and attention to detail. PADI diving courses, snorkeling and sailing are among the pastimes you’ll enjoy here at Langi Langi.

46

47

Unguja and Pemba islands aresurrounded by more than 20smaller islands. Most are

uninhabited and are located in theZanzibar Channel to the west of themain island.

Chapwani, or Grave Island, is theclosest island to Stone Town. It ishome to a number of Christiangraves belonging to British sailorskilled fighting against the Arab slaveships or in the First World War.There is a small beach and a patchof indigenous forest which is hometo blue duikers, enormous coconutcrabs and a colony of fruit bats.

Changuu, or Prison Island, is themost popular island excursion fromStone Town. It is only a short 10minute boat ride and the snorkellingis excellent. There was a prison builton the island but it was never usedfor its intended purpose. One of theisland's main attractions is the gianttortoises which, these days, are nowprotected in a large compound.

Bawe Island which lies south ofPrison Island, has some of the bestsnorkelling spots in the archipelago.About a 30-minute boat ride andslightly more expensive than theboat to Prison Island, this island ismuch less visited. In 1870 the islandwas used to anchor the firsttelegraph cables to Zanzibar linkingit with Aden, South Africa and theSeychelles.

Chumbe Island is a rare exampleof a still pristine coral island. A UNProtected Area, it carries the

accolade of “one of the mostspectacular coral gardens anywherein the world”. Tanzania’s first marinepark, and the first privatelymanaged marine park in the world,Chumbe offers visitors theopportunity to snorkel through theshallow-water Reef Sanctuary; scubadive the nearby reefs; explore theForest Reserve with its nature trailsand abundance of local birds andflora; or visit the historicalmonuments. These include ahundred year old lighthouse and theonly ancient mosque, in East Africa,

with Indian architecture.Off the north-east coast of

Zanzibar main island, MnembaIsland basks in its own tranquillagoon. Boasting, splendid beachesand spectacular coral reefs, alivewith fish, it is renowned as theultimate in ‘barefoot luxury’.

Tumbatu, the largest of Zanzibar'soffshore islands, is located to thesouthwest of Nungwi and is inhabitedby the Watumbatu people who speaktheir own unique dialect of Swahili.There are Shirazi ruins on the islandthat date back to the 12th century.

In the south-west, Uzi Island isconnected to Unguja by a causeway.It features untouched primary forest,lonely beaches and curious locals.

Also in the south-west, nearFumba, is the Menai BayConservation Area which includesthe islands of Miwi, Komonda,Kwale, Nyamembe, Pungume, andVundwe. It is a sea-turtle breedingarea with several coral reefs anddense mangrove forests. Famous forits humpback and bottlenosedolphins, it was declared a WWFprotected area in 1996.

���

Azanzi Beach Hotel is a boutique hotel which boasts 35 luxurious air conditioned rooms, set on an idyllicbeach opposite the world-acclaimed Mnemba Island Atoll, which is ranked as a top diving destination.

Indulge in activities such as fishing, glass bottom kayaking, blow-karts, kite-surfing and dhow sundownercruises or spoil yourself with a massage at the end of a sun-filled day. Azanzi Beach Hotel is your ideal

honeymoon destination as well as a perfect setting for intimate weddings. T & C Apply.Contact us on

cara@azanzihotels.com or +255 774 395 717 or +255 775 044 171www.azanzibeachhotel.com

48

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49

The islands of Zanzibar andPemba have a wealth oftradition and culture much of

which is recognised by numerousannual festivals and celebrations.

EID EL FITRThis is the three day festival thatfollows the end of Ramadan wheneating drinking and smoking isprohibited during daylight hours.Because the date is dependent onthe Islamic calendar, the dates ofRamadan, and therefore Eid, varyby as much as 11 days each year.

FESTIVAL OF THE DHOWCOUNTRIESEstablished in 1997, the festivalhighlights the arts and cultures ofEast Africa, the Gulf States, Iran,India, Pakistan and the India Oceanislands collectively know as theDhow Countries. Dates for the 2012festival are July 7 to 15.

MWAKA KOGWAThis four day festival, which marksthe arrival of the Shiraz New Year,takes place at the end of July.Although celebrated in many partsof Zanzibar, it is in Makunduchi thatthe ancient rites are mostenthusiastically and elaboratelyfollowed. It involves huge bonfires;mocks fights with banana palmsbetween the men; and much banterbetween the women, dressed in theirbest, and their menfolk. It is believed

that since everyone has had achance to vent their hard feelings theNew Year can be started with aclean slate and in harmony so eachday ends with much feasting,singing, dancing and beach parties

SAUTI ZA BUSARAThis is East Africa’s premier musicfestival and highlights the best musicfrom the Swahili-speaking worldFeaturing hip hop, r’n’b, rap andreggae along with the moretraditional ngoma, taarab, mystic

and religious music, the six dayevent is held each February. In 2012the dates will be February 8 to 12.Taarab is a form of local music thatis a mixture of sounds and stylesfrom India, Arabia and Africa whileNgoma is a traditional Africandance accompanied by fast,rhythmic drumming.

More than 400 musicians andartists participate in a continuousdaily programme which, in additionto music, also features comedy anddance.

ZANZIBAR INTERNATIONALFILM FESTIVALZIFF is the highlight of Zanzibar’sartistic and cultural calendar. Atwo week event, held every Julyin conjunction with the Festival ofthe Dhow Countries, it features filmsfrom Africa and beyond. The mainvenue for the festival is the open-airtheatre at the Old Fort but eventsalso take place at various othervenues across the main Zanzibarisland and on Pemba.

Sun Tours and Travel has the mostexperienced tour guides and officestaff who are always available to

provide very competitive services fromthe day you, or your clients, arrive.

Our office is located atHurumzi Street

P.O.BOX 484 – ZANZIBARTEL/FAX: +255-24-2239695Mobile. +255-777-414196Email: info@suntoursznz.comor suntours@zanlink.com

www.suntoursznz.com

Mount Kilimanjaro is thecrown of Tanzania. Risingabruptly from the open

plains, capped by snow andfrequently fringed by clouds, it isone of Africa’s classic images. At19,344 feet, it is the highestmountain in Africa and the highestwalkable summit in the world. Thediameter of its base is an incredible40 miles.

Kilimanjaro is a dormant, but notextinct volcano. Ominous rumblescan sometimes be heard - and gasesemerge from the fumeholes in thecrater. Although just three degreessouth of the Equator, the peaks ofboth Kibo and Mawenzi havepermanent caps of snow and ice.

During their time on the mountain,climbers pass from a tropical toarctic environment in just a fewdays. The various trails first passthrough lush rainforests beforereaching heather and openmoorland where giant lobelia andhuge, cactus-like groundsel grow.Above this moorland is the almostlunar landscape of an alpine desertwhich stretches between the twopeaks of Kibo, the flat-topped domeat the centre, and Mawenzi, a groupof jagged points and pinnacles onthe eastern side. Inhospitable as this‘moonscape’ may seem, animals

such as herds of eland thrive there.The highest point on Kibo, and

indeed the whole of Kilimanjaro, isUhuru Peak, with its spectacularhanging glaciers and stupendousviews of the African plains some20,000 feet below. Also on Kibo isthe slightly lower peak of Gillman’sPoint. These are the goals for mosttrekkers. The peaks of Mawenzi are

for mountaineers only.With the help of porters and a

guide, it is possible to walk all theway to the summit withoutspecialised mountaineeringequipment - or experience - andKilimanjaro can be conquered byany reasonably fit person. There areseveral different routes includingMarangu, the easiest climb and

therefore the most popular,Machame, Shira, Umbwe andRongai. The total climb normallytakes five to six days and involvesfour or five overnight stays incomfortable mountain huts. Fees,payable in US dollars, include parkentrance and accommodation forclimbers, guides and porters but notfood and equipment.

51

Marangu HotelPO Box 40, Moshi, TanzaniaTel: 255 27 2756594/2756361Fax: 255 27 2756591e-mail: info@maranguhotel.comwww.maranguhotel.comor ask your African travel specialist to book Marangu Hotel

� Over 50 years experience arranging Kilimanjaroclimbs - all routes

� Country hotel and safe camp-site with full amenities

� Relax by the pool set in extensive tropical gardens

� Daytrips to waterfalls, cultural sites and game parks

ilimanjaro- and much moreKK

MARANGU HOTEL

Kilimanjaro

���

52

K’s

Situated on the slopes of Mount KilimanjaroSpecialises in Mountain climbing, Accommodation,

Wildlife Safaris, Eco/cultural tours & Island tours

Keys HotelsKEYS HOTELS TRAVEL & TOURS

P.O. Box 933 Moshi, TanzaniaTel: +255 2727 52250/+255 2727 51875

Fax: +255 2727 50073Email: info@keys-hotel-tours.comwww.keys-hotel-tours.com

53

Many thousands of trekkers reachGillman's Point or Uhuru Peaksuccessfully each year without anyreal difficulty.

To avoid altitude sickness andfailure, it is important to aclimatiseby ascending slowly and steadily. Itis best to plan a stay at a Moshi orMarangu hotel - climbing straightafter the drive from Arusha is not agood idea.

Kilimanjaro can be climbed atany time of the year but the besttime is considered to be from Augustto October and January to March. Itis wet in the rainforest during therains in April, May, June andNovember. December through toFebruary are the warmest months.

It is not necessary to be a climberto enjoy a visit to the stunning MountKilimanjaro region. Indeed visitorscan ascend 12,000 feet to the ShiraPlateau of West Kilimanjaro by afour-wheel drive vehicle!

The climate at this altitude isconducive to gentle walks throughflowering vegetation, past smallsettlements. Walkers will beentranced by the birdlife, with itsvivid plumage, which can be seenall around them.

If they head for the rainforest whichcircles the mountain, visitors will findthemselves in a world of enchantment

where Monkeys, birds and antelopeabound. Elephants and buffalo rangethrough the forest and even leopardscan occasionally be seen.

In its turn the rainforest ensuresthe fertility of the lush, lower-lying‘shamba’ country where the Chaggapeople cultivate their coffee, maizeand bananas. A stroll through theplantations will provide a fascinatinginsight into the lives of the localpopulation. One can visit local wood

carvers and observe the vibrantpatterns of the locally madebeadwork necklaces and earrings.

Nearby, close to the road betweenMoshi and Taveta, is Lake Chala, anazure crater-lake formed from thewaters that drain off Kilimanjaro.Lake Jipe lies on the same road, 16km long by 5 km wide, it is slightlysaline and significantly larger thanLake Chala. On the Tanzania-Kenyaborder, Jipe is rarely visited so

exudes an atmosphere of tranquillity.After a day of gentle exercise and

sightseeing, visitors can return to oneof the many small hotels in the areaoffering character accommodationand highly personalised service.They are great places in which torelax, unwind and to view thecolours of the sunset reflected on thesnow-capped peaks of magicalMount Kilimanjaro - the ‘Roof ofAfrica’.

54

Albatros Travel in Africa

Africa

IN TANZANIA ALONE WE HAVE OUR OWN GUIDES, OUR OWN FLEET OF VEHICLES AND OUR OWN KILIMANJARO CLIMBING COMPANY.

ALBATROS TRAVEL

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To contact individual offices visit www.albatros-africa.com

WITH 4 OFFICES IN AFRICA AND OPERATING SINCE 1986, ALBATROS TRAVEL OFFERS A FULL RANGE OF PRODUCTS IN EASTERN AND SOUTHERNAFRICA. WE HAVE FANTASTIC DEALS ON OUR SET TOURS AS WELL AS OFFERING GREAT PRICES FOR INDIVIDUAL REQUESTS, WHETHER THEY AREFITS, GROUPS OR INCENTIVES. HAVE A LOOK AT OUR WEBSITE ON WWW.ALBATROS-AFRICA.COM WHICH WILL GIVE YOU A MUCH BETTER IDEAOF WHO WE ARE AND WHAT WE ARE OFFERING IN AFRICA.

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With its mountains, ruggedterrain and Indian Oceancoastline, there’s plenty for

the activity enthusiasts in Tanzania.

BALLOON SAFARISBalloon safaris over The Serengetiand in Tarangire National Parkprovide an exciting vantage pointfor viewing the wildlife beneath.

BUDGET CAMPINGBudget camping, as opposed to flycamping at luxurious lodges,involves travelling with all necessaryequipment, setting up camp and,perhaps, cooking your own meals.Very economical - and great fun.

CAMEL SAFARISExplore the bush on the back of the“ship of the desert”!

CANOEINGCanoe safaris in Arusha or LakeManyara National Parks offer anideal opportunity to get close to thewildlife, while kayaking on lakes,such as Lake Tanganyika, areexciting and fun.

CAVINGThe Amboni Caves, just north ofTanga, form the most extensive cavesystem in East Africa. There are tencaves with chambers up to 13metres high which support stalactitesand stalagmites. It is essential caversgo in pairs, with a guide, as therehave been fatalities when peoplehave explored on their own. Thecaves are home to many bats.

DEEP SEA FISHINGSome of the richest sports fishing

seas are to be found off theTanzanian mainland. Zanzibar,Pemba and Mafia islands, and theKilwa coast, were the haunts ofErnest Hemingway and amongst therecord-breaking prizes to be caughtare barracuda, kingfish, marlin,horse-mackerel, sailfish, tuna androck cod.

DIVINGThe waters of the Indian Ocean,particularly those off the mainlandcoast and around Zanzibar, Pembaand Mafia Islands, provide superbopportunities for scuba divers. Thecoral reefs, teeming with colourfulfish, can be explored on divingexpeditions for both beginners andexperts. Encounters with dolphinsand turtles add to the wonder of thisunderwater world.

FISHINGThe rivers and lakes of Tanzaniaoffer anglers ample opportunity tocast for trout; fish for tilapia or giantNile perch; or do battle withferocious tiger fish

GOLFTanzania cannot be considered themost renowned of golf destinationsbut courses can be found in majorcities. The first nine holes of a new18 hole championship course, builtto USGA specifications, will opennear Kilimanjaro late 2011 with thefinal nine holes ready in 2012.Tennis facilities are far morewidespread.

HORSERIDINGEquestrian safaris and horsebackexpeditions allow horse-lovers the

���55

Activity Holidays

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57

experience of riding across unfencedwilderness, or private game ranches,in close contact with the wildlife.Riders will often see a wide varietyof plains animals and encounterswith elephant are a commonoccurrence in the Manyara andWest Kilimanjaro areas. It issurprising how close one cansometimes come to these animalswhen on horseback, while onoccasions it is even possible tocanter alongside herds of giraffe orwildebeest and zebra.

JET SKIINGJet-skiing is available at severalcoastal hotels.

MOUNTAIN BIKINGCycling up mountains and downvalleys; through deserts and forests;and close to herds of giraffe, zebra,wildebeest and other antelope is anexciting experience.

MOUNTAIN CLIMBINGFor climbers, the major draw is the5,869 metre (19,340 ft.) MountKilimanjaro, covered in greaterdetail elsewhere in this publication.However, Mount Meru, anothervolcanic peak reaching 4,560metres, is also a popular climb,partly because of the lovely floraand fauna which can be observedon the way to the top.It takes about two days to climb this,Africa’s fifth highest peak while OlDonyo Lengai, coupled with a visit to

Lake Natron at the base of thevolcano, is another favoured climb.

SAILINGTanzania’s huge lakes with their off-shore islands are ideal for a leisurelysail on a converted dhow or bananaboat or aboard a luxury catamaran,lake cruiser or yacht.

SEA KAYAKINGEnjoy the waters of the IndianOcean, and view the marine-life,from a different perspective, by seakayaking to sand islands, hidden

beaches, bird-filled mangrove creeksand fishing villages unreachable byroad.

SWIMMING WITH DOLPHINSWatching and swimming withdolphins can be exciting andeducational. However care must betaken to avoid disturbing theanimals.

TREKKING AND WALKINGIn addition to the more publicisedKilimanjaro, Mount Meru and OlDonyo Lengai treks there are

numerous trails on Mount Hanang,Africa’s ninth highest mountain, andin the Udzungwa and UsambaraMountains. The Kitulo Plateau isknown as a hiker’s paradise.

WATER SPORTSTanzania’s coast, islands and lakesprovide the perfect setting for a widevariety of water sports. Jet-skiing;kiteboarding and kitesurfing; sailing,canoeing and kayaking; scubadiving; snorkelling, surfboarding;water skiing; and windsurfing.

58

buffalocamp@authentic-representation.cominfo@buffaloluxurycamp.com

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WITH Over two decades of excellence in the safari industry...... we invite you to share special moments with us...

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Tel: +255 27 250 2115 / +255 27 250 8010 Fax: +255 27 254 8892

While the sun, safari andadventure options aremore likely to appeal to

the majority of tourists, Tanzaniaalso offers something extra for thespecial interest enthusiast.

ARCHAEOLOGYArchaelogists will be in their elementwhen visiting the world-famousOlduvia Gorgeand nearby Laetoli,the Isimila Stone Age Site, theKondoa Irangi rock paintings, thesite of the Tendunguru dinosaurexcavation and historical sites atKaole, Kilwa and on the islands ofMafia, Zanzibar and Pemba.

BIRD-WATCHERSFor birdwatchers the country is aparadise, with over 1,000 species tobe seen in their varying habitats.Flamingos, pelicans and storks flockin abundance to the lakes as dovarious goose and duck types.

Wheeling high in the clear blueskies are the birds of prey includingeagles - amongst them the Tawnyand the African Fish Eagle - as wellas kites, falcons, hawks andbuzzards. The Sacred and Hadadaibises are other treats forornithologists, while all visitors willwarm to the comical gait of theSecretary Bird.

Kori bustards, the heaviest flyingbird, giant ostrich, secretary andweaver birds are other fascinatingspecies so typical of Africa.

BUTTERFLIESAfrica is home to over 3,500 speciesof butterfly and a far greater variety

of moth. Many of these can befound in Tanzania and some are, infact, endemic to Tanzania such asthe extremely rare Urania ripheus orSunset Moth. Lepidopterists will findthe Kitulo, Mahale, Mkomazi andUdzungwa National Parks; theNgorongoro Conservation Area;and the Usambara Mountains,particularly rewarding.

DOLPHIN TRACKINGWatching, and swimming with wilddolphins, in the waters aroundZanzibar and Pemba, can be anexciting and educational experience.However care must be taken toavoid disturbing the animals.

FLOWER LOVERSFor flora enthusiasts the country is averitable wonderland, its ever-changing topography reflected in aplethora of different shrubs, flowers,succulents and trees. Indeed thevariety of eco-systems in Tanzania isconsidered to be wider than in anyother African country.

TRAIN ENTHUSIASTSRail buffs will want to travel on theGreat Uhuru Railway, which goesthrough some of the most stunningscenery in East Africa. It runs fromDar es Salaam, through MikumuNational Park and the Selous GameReserve, to Mbeya and then to

Zambia. Herds of animals can beseen from the carriages.

TURTLESProtected in Tanzania, the fivespecies of turtles found along thecoastline – green, hawksbill,leatherback, loggerhead and oliveridley are increasing in numbers.

WHALE WATCHINGWhale sharks, the largest shark andthe largest fish in the world, whichcan reach lengths of up to 14m andweigh up to 15 tons frequent theTanzania coastline. Humpback andsperm whales may also be seen offMafia and in the Zanzibar Channel.

Special Interest Holidays

In 1982 the company laid the foundation stone as safari operator in East Africa Tanzania, our experience enables us to o�er the most diverse selection of trips available including accommodated tours, adventure & semi luxury camping safaris, walking safaris, mountain climbing and beach holidays – our speciality lies in designing your holiday with unique itineraries to meet your every need. Karibu!

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Mwanza’s most luxurious hotel boasts 40 air-conditioned rooms with colour TV;telephone; mini-bar; room safe; and free wireless internet access. Enjoy delicious mealsoverlooking Lake Victoria. Two bars; four restaurants - Continental, Indian, Thai andJapanese; poolside barbeque; and coffee shop. Fully equipped conference room, forup to 30 delegates, and a business centre.

E-mail: tilapia@mwanza-online.com www.hoteltilapia.com

Hotel Tilapia - MwanzaRelax on the shores of Lake Victoria

A Luxury Boutique Hotel in the heart of Arusha

info@theafricantulip.com www.theafricantulip.com

What could be a moreimaginative place for ameeting or conference than

Tanzania ?Conference tourism in the country

is booming with national, regionaland international delegates all keento visit the country’s spectacular siteson pre or post conference tours.These range from wildlife safaris tothe some of the fifteen nationalparks; the Ngorongoro Crater; orthe Selous Games Reserve; tospending relaxing days on thebeaches of the Swahili coast or theislands of Mafia or Zanzibar.

Luxury hotels in Dar es Salaamand Arusha offer state-of-the-artfacilities for large meetings but allthe country’s major hotels, and manyof its luxury lodges, both on themainland and on Zanzibar, alsoprovide all the necessary equipmentand services.

For that really big conventionthere is the Arusha InternationalConference Centre, deep in theheart of safari country. It is a shortdrive from Kilimanjaro InternationalAirport, served by intercontinentaland regional airlines, and there area growing number of internationalstandard hotels nearby to provideaccommodation.

Recreational facilities in andaround Arusha are excellent whiledelegates are within easy reach ofmany of the countries NationalParks.

Within the Conference Centrecomplex there is seating for up to1,350 delegates in the SimbaPlenary Hall, which has a

simultaneous interpretation system.Ten smaller rooms accommodatevarying numbers of delegates from40 to 290. All modern aids areavailable, including video andaudio-visual equipment.

Both the Africa Travel Association’s33rd Annual Congress and theprestigious Sullivan Summit, withover 4,000 participants from 147nations, were held in Arusha during2008 in order that delegates mightexperience the unique surroundingsand take advantage of thespectacular tour opportunities.

Dar es Salaam InternationalConference Centre is a purposebuilt, state-of-the-art conference

facility built to provide a venue formeetings in the heart of the city’scentral business district. It boasts sixmeeting rooms, of varying sizes andcapacities; an in-house 150-seaterrestaurant; a large, roof-top cocktailverandah, and parking for eightycars. Three of the meeting roomshave removable, sound-proofedsliding partitions which can beopened to give a combined meetingarea accommodating up to 300delegates theatre-style.

Motivation, team building and theimprovement of relations betweenmanagement and employees are thegoals of incentive tourism. This is avery specific type of business travel,

although it is frequently combinedwith attendance at a conference orconvention. More and morecompanies appreciate the benefitsgained from incentive tourism. It isthe creative and innovative way toreward and motivate personnel;business partners; and clients. It’stourism with a twist.

Whether organising a presentation,building teamwork, or enhancingsales nothing impresses more than avacation to an exciting destinationcoupled with a unique program oftours and events.

So, if planning a conference orincentive programme, Tanzaniacertainly meets all the criteria !

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Conferences and Incentives

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FOR MORE INFORMATION PLEASECONTACT US ON

Tel: +255 (22) 2183718, 2183345Cell: +255 713 227 788

+255 754 780 055Email: greencars@raha.com

rdhanji@cats-net.com

www.greencarstz.com

With 20 years experience Green Car Rentalshas gained a sterling reputation and loyal

customer base for its exemplary service andwide choice of vehicles.

Green Car offers both, self-drive andchauffer-driven vehicles.

Their fleet includes Toyota Landcruisers, Rav4, Nissan Terrano/Mistral, Toyoto Corolla Mark

11 and, for larger groups, minibuses.Green Car Rentals also arranges camping and

lodge safaris to many of Tanzania’s mostfamous national parks.

CLEANER • SAFER • GREENER

Dar es Salaam

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The Tanzania CulturalProgramme was launched in1996 to give local communities

the opportunity to improve theireconomic livelihood by participatingin tourism activities. Co-ordinated bythe Tanzania Tourist Board, incollaboration with the Ministry ofNatural Resources & Tourism and theNetherlands DevelopmentOrganisation, there are now 35initiatives operating in various partsof the country. The latest four beingon the western side of the Serengeti.

Tanzania is endowed with the richcultural heritage of 120 ethnic tribesand the Cultural Tourism Programmeenables tourists to experience aunique insight into these people’sway of life. It combines nature,scenery, folklore, traditionalceremonies, dances, rituals, story-telling, art and handicraft and is amost rewarding add-on to a wildlifeor beach-based holiday.

It is a satisfying experience toleave the safari vehicle behind andwalk through the lush tropical slopesof Mount Meru and MountKilimanjaro while Waarusha,Wameru or Wachagga guidesproudly describe their carefullycultivated ‘shambas’ with coffee,bananas, fruits, vegetables anddairy cow farming. Discover howmany steps it takes to grow, pick,dry, roast, pound and brew fresharomatic coffee. Participate in theprocess before taking home yourvery own personal packet of coffee!

In the pastoral areas of the northyou can follow the Iraqw, Barbaiq,and Maasai tracks to explore almostforgotten traditions and a way of lifeclosely linked to nature and wildlife.

Follow the famous drumbeats andlet the Ndali dancers of southernTanzania interpret the music andperformances they inherited fromtheir ancestors. Taste the localcuisine, with all the culinaryvariations of Ugali, Makande,Machalari, Pilau, Chapati andNyama Choma. And sample thelocal brew !

Sense the culture and history ofthe people of the Swahili Coast.Explore the savannahs oncamelback. Boat down a river, orrow on one of the many lakes, whilelistening to hair-raising legendarytales. Paddle between mangroves.And sail with the fishermen topristine sandy islands.

Climb a holy mountain in the RiftValley then rest in the shade of agiant baobab tree. Meet the friendlyinhabitants of Tanzania’s‘Switzerland’ while hiking throughthe Usamabara Mountains. Listen to

a traditional healer’s diagnosticmethods and obtain the correctremedial prescriptions. Admireancient irrigation systems - ortoday’s craftsmanship.Visit the people of Tanzania !For further information contact:Cultural Tourism ProgrammeTanzania Tourist BoardMuseum Buildings, Boma Road,Arusha, TanzaniaTel.: +255 27 2050025Fax: +255 27 2507515Email: culturaltourism@habari.co.tzwww.tanzaniaculturaltourism.com

Visit the People

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In addition to exhibiting at majortravel exhibitions all over theworld, Tanzania hosts its own

annual travel fair. The rocky alpineheights of the dormant Mount Meruform an impressive backdrop to the‘Karibu Travel and Tourism Fair’,held each year since 2000 on aformer coffee plantation at the edgeof the safari town of Arusha.

The 2012 show will take placebetween Friday June 1 and SundayJune 3 with the Friday beingreserved for trade visitors only.

Sponsored by the Ministry ofNatural Resources & Tourism, theTanzania Tourist Board andTanzania National Parks, incollaboration with the TanzaniaAssociation of Tour Operators, theKaribu 2012 Travel & Tourism Fairwill be a showcase for over 200Tanzanian and other East African -namely Kenya, Uganda andRwanda - tour and travelcompanies. Adventure specialists,airlines, camps and lodges, car hirecompanies, health services, hotels,safari operators, travel agents,security services and other tourismrelated businesses and suppliers willbe present.

The show therefore provides anideal opportunity for overseasbuyers, and travel journalists, tomeet the market leaders inTanzania’s tourism industry - fromboth the Tanzanian mainland andfrom Zanzibar - in addition to

discovering new products andlearning of emerging trends anddevelopments.

A full social programme isorganised and acrobats, fireworkdisplays, prize raffles and skydivers, together with an internet cafe

and a range of refreshmentmarquees, coffee shops and beerand wine tents provide ‘all the fun ofthe fair’.

For the latest, updatedinformation visitwww.karibufair.com

Tanzania’s Own Show

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Nigel Foster would like to thank the following for theirvaluable support and kind assistance.Aloyce Nzuki, DevotaMdachi, Geofrey Meena and all at the Tanzania TouristBoard offices in Dar es Salaam and Arusha. Allan Kijaziand Victor Ketansi at Tanzania National Parks. BernardMurunya and Veronica Ufunguo at NCAA. Abubaker AlAmry; Manny Bhamra; Seamus Brice-Bennett; Julian Camm;Mary Carneiro and Musaddiq Gulamhussein; SuleimanChasama; Munawer Dhirani; Riz Dhanji and WaheedaEssajee; Firoz Dharamshi; Zul Fazal; Ellis Flyte and MarcusLewis; Bruce and Jane Fox; James Haigh; Lizzie Halloran;Elishilia Kaaya and Mkunde Senyagwa; Meg Katzman;Vickie Kihoro; David Kizito; Judd Lehmann and MalikaNavjavon; Lisa Lind; Ake Lindstrom; Mozzah and SamiraMauly; George Mavroudis and Steffi Marti; Taqi Moledina;Kerry Morreira and Cara Culligan; Hillary Mwanga; Lucy,Ndehorio and Phil Ndesamburo; Sanjay Pandit; Mustafa

and Akber Panju; Tony Pascoe; Haridatt Patel and DiamondCarvalho; Anton Perold and Des Lubbe; Shamez R; Gijs deRaadt and Oscar Sybesma; Paulina Raguz and Sujit Shah;Mehboob Rajabali; Carl Salisbury and Lancy Coutinho;Vandy Sandhu; Harshit and Roheel Shah; Peggy Sibbald;Stefano Soro; Ayub Suleman; Firoz Suleman; Martina vanDeun; Nigel Vere Nicol; and Martha Yeronimo.

…andSpecial thanks are extended to Paul Joynson Hicks of BlueMango Photography, who loaned many of the picturesfeatured in this brochure. Paul can be contacted atpjh@bluemango.co.tzOther pictures are courtesy of Ian Batchelor; Rob McDowell;the late David Pluth; the Arusha International ConferenceCentre; Busara Promotions (Eirik Folkedal); Fundu Lagoon;Hotels and Lodges Tanzania; Infinite Horizons; Karibu Travel& Tourism Fair; Kichanga Lodge; Mkoma Bay Tented Lodge;Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority; Zanzibar CarHire; and the Tanzania Tourist Board.

AccommodationArusha HotelsAfrican Tulip 60Arusha Safari Lodge 8KIA Lodge 8Karama Lodge & Spa 62Moivaro Lodge 8Mount Meru Hotel 34Shangazi House 32

Dar es Salaam City HotelsDouble Tree by Hilton 38Holiday Inn 28

Kilimanjaro HotelsKeys Hotel 52KIA Lodge 8Marangu Hotel 51Mountain Inn 52

Mwanza HotelsHotel Tilapia 60

Safari Camps and LodgesBabu’s Camp 32Buffalo Luxury Camp 58Crater Forest Tented Camp 8Exploreans Ngorongoro Lodge 16Faru Faru Lodge 4Foxes Safari Camp 20Grumeti Luxury Tented Camp 67Highland Fishing Lodge 20Ikoma Tented Camp 8Katavi Wildlife Camp 20Kisima Ngeda Tented Camp 32Lake Manyara Hotel 12Lobo Wildlife Lodge 12Lukuba Island Lodge 32Manyara Ranch 56Mbalageti Serengeti 54

Migunga Tented Camp 8Natron Tented Camp 8Ngorongoro Wildlife Lodge 12Robanda Safari Camp 8Ruaha River Lodge 20Rufiji River Camp 20Sabora Camp 4Sasakwa Lodge 4Selous Wilderness Camp 8Serengeti Tented Camp 8Seronera Wildlife Lodge 12Singita Grumeti Reserves 4Stanley’s Kopje 20Tindiga Tented Camp 8Vuma Hills Tented Camp 20

Swahili Coast HotelsJangwani Sea Breeze Resort 30Lazy Lagoon, Bagamoyo 20Mkoma Bay Tented Lodge 31

Zanzibar HotelsAzanzi Beach Hotel 47Baraza Resort & Spa 36Bawe Tropical Island 43Breezes Beach Club & Spa 36Changuu Private Island 42Che Che Vule 8Double Tree by Hilton Resort 38Fumba Beach Lodge 8Fundu Lagoon Resort 45Langi Langi Beach Bungalows 46Ocean Paradise 46The Palms 36The Swahili House 8Unguja Lodge 8Zanzibar Safari Club 40

AirlinesFlightlink 46

Safari Airlink 20ZanAir 44

Car HireGreen Car Rentals 62

Safari and TourOperators

Albatros Africa 54Alpha Travel 14Bushbuck Safaris 18Cordial Tours 52Easy Travel & Tours 63Foxes African Safaris 20Kearsley Travel & Tours 22Leopard Tours 2Masumin Tours & Safaris 62Mauly Tours 53Multichoice Safaris 27Ranger Safaris 14Roy Safaris 58Serengeti Balloon Safaris 56Shah Tours 52Simba Safaris 24Summits Africa 50Sun Tours 49Sunny Adventure Safaris 57Sunny Safaris 59

Other Products andServices

African Travel & TourismAssociation 48Arusha InternationalConference Centre 6Ngorongoro Conservation Area 10RSA Africa 65Tanzania National Parks 26Tanzania Conference Services 61

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Thanks...

TANZANIATRAVEL TIPS

Tanzania Tourist BoardIPS Building, 3rd Floor, PO Box 2485, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Tel: 255-22 2111244/5 Fax: 255-22 2116420E-mail: info@tanzaniatouristboard.go.tz or md@tanzaniatouristboard.go.tz

PO Box 2348, Arusha, TanzaniaTel: 255-27 2503842/2503843 Fax: 255-27 2548628 E-mail: ttb-info@habari.co.tz

www.tanzaniatouristboard.go.tz

INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTSBritish Airways fly direct to Dar

es Salaam, from Heathrow, threetimes weekly. Flying time isapproximately 9 hours 40 minutes.

Other carriers operate toTanzania via Europe. KLM, fromAmsterdam, to Dar es Salaam andKilimanjaro daily and Swiss, fromZurich, to Dar es Salaam five timesa week.

In addition, Emirates fly to Dares Salaam via Dubai; Egyptair viaCairo; Ethiopian via Addis Ababa;Oman Air via Muscat; QatarAirways via Doha; and TurkishAirlines via Istanbul.

Regional carriers into Tanzaniainclude Air Malawi, Air Uganda,Fly 540, Kenya Airways, SouthAfrican Airways and ZambeziAirlines.

Domestic carriers such as AirTanzania, Coastal Aviation,Flightlink, Precision Air, RegionalAir Services, Safari Airlink, SafariPlus and ZanAir link the majorcities, with tourist attractions andgame parks.

Air Tanzania, Coastal Aviation,Precision Air and ZanAir flybetween the mainland andZanzibar.

INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTSInternational flights serve Julius

Nyerere International Airport(DAR), 15 km from Dar es Salaamcity centre and KilimanjaroInternational Airport (JRO), 42 kmfrom Arusha and 40km fromMoshi. Zanzibar InternationalAirport (ZNZ) airport is 8 km fromStone Town.

PASSPORTS AND VISASMost visitors require visas with

the exception of citizens of certaincountries of the Commonwealth. Itis advisable to obtain them inadvance from Embassies and High

Commissions as several airlinesinsist on them prior to departure.They can however also beobtained, on arrival, at all pointsof entry. Requirements may changeso you are advised to contact theappropriate diplomatic or consularauthority before finalising yourtravel arrangements. Although partof the union of Tanzania, Zanzibarremains independent so,passports/Tanzania visas arerequired even on a day’s visit.

IMMUNISATION AND HEALTHIt is essential that all visitors take

a course of anti-malaria tabletscommencing two weeks beforedeparture. The UK Department ofHealth also recommendsvaccinations against hepatitis A,polio and typhoid. Personalinsurance is advised.

Travellers arriving from, or via,countries where yellow fever isendemic will need a Certificate ofVaccination although vaccination isavailable on arrival.

Hospitals provide good medicalcare in cities and towns. FlyingDoctors facilities are alsoavailable.

WHAT TO TAKEDon’t forget the camera,

camcorder and binoculars andtake a torch for finding your wayaround your camp at night. Stockup with replacement batteries forall these goods.

Take sun-glasses, hat, sun lotion,lip balm - and some insectrepellent, it is better not to getstung even if you are taking anti-malaria tablets.

It’s best to take any medicinesrequired for the duration of thevisit. A spare pair of glasses orcontact lenses is also a good idea.Take plenty of film, it is difficult toobtain outside the main centres.

While traveller’s cheques can beexchanged in cities and towns,banking facilities in remote areasare restricted, so take plenty ofcash.

TRAVEL LIGHTSome safaris/air charters limit

baggage to a 10-15 kilomaximum.

LANGUAGEEnglish is widely spoken but a

few words of Swahili are alwaysappreciated.

CURRENCYThe unit of currency is the

Tanzania shilling which is dividedinto 100 cents.

Most major currencies -particularly US dollars - andtravellers’ cheques are acceptedand may be converted at banksand bureaux de change in themain towns and tourist areas. DoNOT change money in the streethowever favourable the rateappears.

It should be noted that not allestablishments accept credit cardsand certain cards, particularlyDiners and Amercan Express, arefrequently refused even by majorhotels. Mastercard and Visa arepreferred.

ON SAFARIDistances in Tanzania are vast,

and travel by road can be tiring. Itis wise to spend more time in fewerparks. You will see more and won’treturn home exhausted. Keep yourdistance from animals to avoiddistressing them. Always follow theinstructions of your ranger orguide. Don’t leave your vehicle inthe parks except in designatedplaces. Keep to recognised tracksto avoid damaging vegetation.

WHAT TO WEARIt never gets really cold in

Tanzania so lightweight clothing isthe norm. On safari avoid brightlycoloured clothes, they may alarmthe animals. Browns, beiges andkhaki are preferred. Short-sleeveshirts/ blouses and shorts areideal, but pack a sweater, it can bechilly in the early morning and inthe evening. Wear a hat to avoidsun-stroke and don’t forget aswimsuit. Shoes should be sensible- walking through the bush is notlike strolling through Hyde Park -and for climbing Kilimanjaro orMount Meru take thermalunderwear, a rain jacket, goodsocks and sturdy boots. Shorts forwomen are acceptable - but nottoo short. Women should carry awrap to cover their legs in towns orvillages as revealing clothes cancause offence, especially inZanzibar and other Muslim areas.On the beach, and within theconfines of beach hotels, normalswimwear is acceptable but nuditycertainly is not.

TIPPINGNot normally obligatory but a

tip for exceptional service - amaximum of 10% - will beappreciated. Tip $10-$15 per dayfor drivers or tour guides butremember an excessive tip canmake it difficult for the nextcustomer.