_sem-odb

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Sem-ODB: Semantic Object DBMSSem-ODB: Semantic Object DBMS

FIU High Performance Database Research Center

Dr. Naphtali Rishe, Director

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SEMANTIC DATABASEPRESENTATION OUTLINE

• Introduction

• DEFINITION

• Features

• Benefits

• Market

• Demonstration

• Summary

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SEMANTIC DATABASEDEFINITION

THE FLEXIBLE DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM THAT STORES THE MEANING OF INFORMATION

AS FACTS ABOUT OBJECTS.

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• Semantic Binary Model• Object-Oriented Features• Semantically-Enhanced Object-Relational• A Collection of Facts• Arbitrary Relationships• Storing the Inherent Meaning of Information• Information in its Natural Form• Information Handling System


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SEM-ODB• Meaning of Information is Stored

• Relationship Between Classes

• No Restriction on Data Type/Size

• Any Query Can be Run Ad Hoc Any Relation Can be Viewed

• No Keys are Required

RDBMS• Meaning of Information is Lost

• Relationships not Supported

• Restricted Data Type and Sizes

• Most Queries Have to be Predicted Expensive “Joins” are Needed

• Keys are Required and are Static


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• Introduction

• Definition

• FEATURES

• Benefits

• Market

• Demonstration

• Summary

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• Semantic Database Design

• Optimal Processing Algorithms

• Efficient Storage Techniques

• Application Schema Design Methodology

• ODBC/SQL Compliance

• Semantic SQL

• Internet/WEB Enabled

SEMANTIC DATABASEFEATURES

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• Exceptional usability and flexibility

• Shorter application design and programming cycle

• Provides user control via an intuitive structure of information

• Empowers end-users to pose complex ad hoc decision support queries

• Superior efficiency-Highest level of optimization

• Massive reduction in storage size for large applications, such as Data Warehouses

• Directly supports conceptual data model of the enterprise

• Internet-integrated


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• Semantic view mirrors real world

• Complex relations made simple

• Queries made simple, very short

• Shorter application programs

• No restrictions on data

• Very efficient full indexing

• Full indexing -- indexing on every attribute and relationship

• Flexible classification of objects

• Lazy queries

• Compaction of sparse data

• No keys are needed

• Automatic consistency of database

• Better concurrency control

• Multi-processor parallelism

• Interoperability (ODBC, SQL)

• No tuning required

• Benchmarks


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• Introduction

• Definition

• Features

• BENEFITS

• Market

• Demonstration

• Summary

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• Strategic/Enterprise

• Performance

• Architecture

• Development

• Users

SEMANTIC DATABASEBENEFITS

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FEATURE1 STRATEGIC BENEFIT SDB?

RAPIDLYADAPTABLE

Quickly Meet Changing BusinessNeeds

YES

ACCURATELYMODEL THEBUSINESS

Business Requirements are Inherentin the Design

YES

HIGH AVAILABILITYAND REALIABILITY

Continual Access to a PricelessResource

YES

OFFERSINFORMATION

Eliminates Need to Process Data intoInformation

YES

OFFER Complex,Extended, User-Defined and AbstractData Types

Real World Requires these DataTypes

YES

SEMANTIC DATABASEBENEFITS-Strategic

1 Source: IDC, 4/98

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SUPPORT OO &COMPONENTBASED MODELS

Models of Actual BusinessRequirements

YES

SUPPORTCOMPLEX DATARELATIONSHIPS

Business Information IntricatelyRelated

YES

SUPPORT RAPIDAPPLICATIONDEVELOPMENT

Fast “Time-to-Market” YES

SUPPORT RAPIDACCOMODATIONOF CHANGE

Market/Business RequirementsChange Rapidly

YES


1 Source: IDC, 4/98

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INHERENTSCALABILITY

New Business Requirements areEasily Met

YES

EASY TO USE,ACCESS &ANALYZE

The More Information is Used,the More Valuable It Becomes

YES

INTEROPERABILITYIN SECURE,DISTRIBUTED,HETEROGENEOUSNETWORKS

Meet Existing EnterpriseProcessing Requirements forInternal, Internet and ElectronicCommerce

YES

1 Source: IDC, 4/98

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INSULATE USERS FROMSQL

Eases System Management YES

INSULATE USERS FROMRELATIONAL MODEL

Automates Maintenance of Indices &Summaries

YES

IMPROVES QUERYPERFORMANCE ANDUSER SCALABILITY

Reduces Load on Warehouse DBMS YES

2 Source: Arbor Sotware (Essbase), 4/98

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VASTLY ENHANCEDBUSINESS CALCULATIONCAPABILITY

Relieves IT from Generating Reports for Users YES

ENABLES READ/WRITEOPERATIONAL OLAPAPPLICATIONS

Enables Central Control Over Analytical Data YES

SUPPORTS WIDE RANGEOF CLIENT TOOLS

Deploys Quickly at Low Risk and Expense YES

2 Source: Arbor Software (Essbase), 4/98

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0102030405060708090

100

T1 T2 T3 T4 T5

SDB(82MB)

OracleCompact(141MB)

OraclesSparse(123MB)

• SB2 Benchmark• Cold Times• Times are in Seconds• 100,000 Customers

SEMANTIC DATABASEBENEFITS-Performance

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0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

T1 T2 T3 T4 T5

SDB(304MB)

OracleCompact(648MB)

OraclesSparse(580MB)

• SB2 Benchmark• Cold Times• Times are in Seconds• 500,000 Customers


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0.01 1 100

T1

T2

T3

T4

T5OracleSparse(123MB)OracleCompact(141MB)SDB(82MB)

• SB2 Benchmark• Hot Times• Times are in Seconds• 100,000 Customers


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0.01 0.1 1 10 1001000

T1

T2

T3

T4

T5OracleSparse(580MB)OracleCompact(648MB)SDB(304MB)

• SB2 Benchmark• Hot Times• Times are in Seconds• 500,000 Customers


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1 100 10000

Q1

Q4

Q7

Q10

Q13

Q16

DB2OracleSDB

• TPC-D Benchmark• 1GB• Times are in Seconds• Identical Hardware• Published Results for

DB2


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SEMANTIC DATABASEBENEFITS-Architecture

Semantic Database Facts

(m:m)

manufactures

PRODUCTspecification: String m:mweight_kg: Number m:m

COMPANYname: String m:m

address: String m:m

Subschema:

Facts: 1. object1 COMPANY2. object1 NAME ‘IBM’3. object1 MANUFACTURES object24. object1 MANUFACTURES object35. object2 PRODUCT6. object2 SPECIFICATION ‘Thinkpad’7. object3 PRODUCT8. object3 SPECIFICATION ‘TrackPoint’

Fact types: aC aRy aRv

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Access Level

Basic Queries:aC Verify the fact aC.aRy Verify the fact aRy.a? Find all the categories to which a belongs.?C Find all objects of category C.aR? Find all y such that aRy.?Ra Find all abstract objects x such that xRa.a?+a??+??a Retrieve all the immediate information about an abstract object.?Rv Find all x such that xRv.?R[v1,v2] Find all objects x and v such that xRv and v1 < v < v2

1 disk access per basic query

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Update Transactions

Accumulated Transaction: (V,D,I)

New_database=old_database - the-set-of-facts-to-be-Deleted +

+ the-set-of-facts-to-be-Inserted

V= queries to be verified

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Direct and Inverted Facts

object1 COMPANYobject1 NAME ‘IBM’object1 MANUFACTURES object2object1 MANUFACTURES object3object2 PRODUCTobject2 SPECIFICATION ‘Thinkpad’object3 PRODUCTobject3 SPECIFICATION ‘TrackPoint’

COMPANY inv object1

NAME inv ‘IBM’ object1

object2 MANUFACTURES inv object1


PRODUCT inv object2

SPECIFICATION inv ‘Thinkpad’ object2

PRODUCT inv object3

SPECIFICATION inv ‘TrackPoint’ object3

Direct: Inverted:

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Sorted Facts

COMPANY inv object1

NAME inv ‘IBM’ object1

PRODUCT inv object2

PRODUCT inv object3

SPECIFICATION inv ‘Thinkpad’ object2

SPECIFICATION inv ‘TrackPoint’ object3object1 COMPANYobject1 MANUFACTURES object2object1 MANUFACTURES object3object1 NAME ‘IBM’object2 PRODUCT

object2 MANUFACTURES inv object1object2 SPECIFICATION ‘Thinkpad’object3 PRODUCTobject3 SPECIFICATION ‘TrackPoint’


Sorted:

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• Much Shorter Application Development• Inherent Data Modeling in the Sem-ODB• Minimal Database “Design” - Sem-ODB is as Users

View Their Needs• Relations Between Classes/Objects Don’t Have to

be Programmed• Considerably Smaller & Simpler SQL Statements

SEMANTIC DATABASEBENEFITS-Development

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PROJECTname: String key

description: Stringcomments: String

starting-date: Dateending-date:Date

LOCATIONnorth-UTM: Number key/2east-UTM: Number key/2

elevation-ft: Numberdescription: String

PHYSICAL OBSERVATION

STATION

is-part-of m:1:structure: Stringcomments: Stringhousing: String

FIXED STATIONplatform-height-ft: 0..50.000

ORGANIZATIONis-part-of m:m:name: String key

description: String MEASUREMEMENTTYPE

name: String keymeasurement-unit: String

upper-limit: Numberlower-limit: Number

IMAGEimage: Raw

subject: Stringdirection-of-view: 0..360

comments: Stringtype: Char(3)

OBSERVATIONtime: Date-timecomment: String MEASUREMENT

value: Number

by(m:1)

of(m:1)

located at(m:1)

serves(m:m)

runs(m:m)

belongs to(m:m)


SCHEMA

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Select description, LOCATION from ORGANIZATION

SQL for SDB

select description,LOCATION.north-UTM-in-key,LOCATION.east-UTM-in-key from ORGANIZATION, LOCATION where exists ( select * from FIXED-STATION where exists ( select * fromPHYSICAL-OBSERVATION-STATION-BELONGS-TO-ORGANIZATION where name-key = organization-name-in-key andPHYSICAL-OBSERVATION-STATION-BELONGS-TO-ORGANIZATION. physical_observation-station-id-in-key =FIXED-STATION.physical-observation-station-id-key and located-at--north-UTM = north-UTM-in-key and located-at--east-UTM = east-UTM-in-key ))

SQL for RDBMS {“GIVE ME A DESCRIPTION OF ALL ORGANIZATIONS AND THE LOCATION OF THEIR FIXED STATIONS”

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Select OBSERVATION__, of__, LOCATION from OBSERVATION where time > '1993/01'

SQL for SDB

( select MEASUREMENT-TYPE.*, LOCATION.north-UTM-in-key,LOCATION.east-UTM-in-key, MEASUREMENT.*, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL from MEASUREMENT-TYPE, LOCATION, MEASUREMENT where time > '1993/01' and exists ( select * from FIXED-STATION where by-physical-observation-station-id =physical-observation-station-id-key and located-at--north-UTM =north-UTM-in-key and located-at-east-UTM = east-UTM-in-keyand of--name = name-key)) union ( select MEASUREMENT-TYPE.*, NULL, NULL, MEASUREMENT.*, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL from MEASUREMENT-TYPE, MEASUREMENT where time > '1993/01' and not exists ( select * from FIXED-STATION where by-physical-observation-station-id =physical-observation-station-id-key and of-name = name-key)) union ( select NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, LOCATION.north-UTM-in-key, LOCATION.east-UTM-in-key, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, IMAGE.* from LOCATION, IMAGE where time > '1993/01' and exists ( select * from FIXED-STATION where by-physical-observation-station-id =physical-observation-station-id-key and located-at-north-UTM =north-UTM-in-key and located-at—east-UTM = east-UTM-in-key)) union ( select NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, IMAGE.* from IMAGE where time > '1993/01' and not exists ( select * from FIXED‑STATION where by--physical-observation-station-id =physical-observation-station-id-key))

SQL for RDBMS {“GIVE ME ALL OF THE OBSERVATIONS, WITH ALL OF THEIR ATTRIBUTES, SINCE JANUARY 1, 1993, AND THE LOCATION OF THE OBSERVING STATIONS”

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• Introduction

• Definition

• Features

• Benefits

• MARKET

• Demonstration

• Summary

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• DBMS Market $12Billion - 2001 (RDBMS) $2 Billion - 2001 (ODBMS)

• OO-Tools $4Billion • DW/DSS $8Billion • Internet Market

$21-$32Billion Tools, DBMS & Applications

• Sem-ODB DBMS, Tool, DSS & Internet

READY

DBMSVendor Market Share

($ millions)

709

630

37

4223

16957

Informix IBM ObjectOracle Sybase Versant

SEMANTIC DATABASEMARKET

SOURCES

Corporate Financial Statements

IDC Survey

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• Sem-ODB Applications: Internet/WEB Data Access Data Warehouse/DSS Video/Audio/Spatial Data Storage Vertical Applications Geographic Information Systems Visualization/Data Modeling Knowledge Base

SEMANTIC DATABASEMARKET

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• Introduction

• Definition

• Features

• Benefits

• Market

• DEMONSTRATION

• Summary

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• PROVEN APPLICATIONS: Satellite Observations Databases

NASA’s EOS 1TB+ per day

Everglades National Park Database 300 Classes, 2,500 Attributes 40 Years of Environmental Observations

TerraFly Edutainment Control Systems GIS

SEMANTIC DATABASEDEMONSTRATION

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SEMANTIC DATABASEDEMONSTRATION

Visualization: GISDatabase: Sem-ODBSize: 1 TBContents: Landsat Multispectral, USGS Ortho Photography, Ozone Spatial Data, Factual data

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• Introduction

• Definition

• Features

• Benefits

• Market

• Demonstration

• SUMMARY

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• Information

• Knowledge Base

• Real World

• User Accessible

• High Performance

• Any Type of Data

• Cost & Processing Reduction

SEMANTIC DATABASESUMMARY

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SEMANTIC DATABASESUMMARY

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