Semester 1 Exam Practice Questions (with Answers)

Other review resources available:• Semester Exam Review Session (see the live lesson calendar

for this weekly session)• Live Lessons (see the live lesson calendar for sessions that

focus on particular lessons)• Biology Help Center (red link on the announcement page).

There are Guided Notes and Review worksheets for each module, recordings for some lessons, and a Semester Exam Study Guide

In Addition (note that these resources are for the full course and so would cover semester 2 as well:Biology EOC review at: http://www.flvs.net/areas/studentservices/EOC/Pages/biology.aspx

Shmoop Biology EOC Practice Exams and lesson review:https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ENMgQ2An1vsljZGxdUlSwCJRNNwdh0lu0NgLQR2ZvWo/edit?usp=sharing

The Rugose Rose is a halophilic shrub, meaning that it grows well in saline (salty) soil. Leah wants to test the effect of salinity level on the growth of Rugose Roses to determine an optimal level of salinity. She grows the roses in 3 different pots watering each with a different concentration of salt solution. She measures the growth of the plants daily for 2 weeks. Which of the following additions would best improve her experiment.

A. Test different types of rosesB. Take measurements for a longer period of timeC. Add a control group that is watered with plain waterD. Vary the amount of sunlight each is receiving as well

1.02

The Rugose Rose is a halophilic shrub, meaning that it grows well in saline (salty) soil. Leah wants to test the effect of salinity level on the growth of Rugose Roses to determine an optimal level of salinity. She grows the roses in 3 different pots watering each with a different concentration of salt solution. She measures the growth of the plants daily for 2 weeks. Which of the following additions would best improve her experiment.

A. Test different types of rosesB. Take measurements for a longer period of timeC. Add a control group that is watered with plain waterD. Vary the amount of sunlight each is receiving as well

Cody is an animal lover and he is particularly fond of tropical birds. He is trying to decide on a topic for his 9th grade science fair project and has come up with the following list. Which would be his best choice and allow for scientific experimentation:

A. Which of the following toucan species has the nicest voice: Green Aracari, Collared Aracari, or Emerald Toucanet?

B. Out of the following tropical birds, which can learn the most words in a 10 day period: African Gray Parrot, Budgeriar, Indian Redneck?

C. Out of the following tropical birds, which makes the best pet: African Gray Parrot, Scaly-Headed Parrot, or the Pink Cockatoo?

D. Which of the following parrot species is the most attractive: African Gray Parrot, Amazon Parrot, Eclectus Parrot?

1.02

Cody is an animal lover and he is particularly fond of tropical birds. He is trying to decide on a topic for his 9th grade science fair project and has come up with the following list. Which would be his best choice and allow for scientific experimentation:

A. Which of the following toucan species has the nicest voice: Green Aracari, Collared Aracari, or Emerald Toucanet?

B. Out of the following tropical birds, which can learn the most words in a 10 day period: African Gray Parrot, Budgeriar, Indian Redneck?

C. Out of the following tropical birds, which makes the best pet: African Gray Parrot, Scaly-Headed Parrot, or the Pink Cockatoo?

D. Which of the following parrot species is the most attractive: African Gray Parrot, Amazon Parrot, Eclectus Parrot?

Note: Words like “nicest”, “best”, “attractive” indicate opinion – we can’t do a science experiment.

1.02

As a result of catalyzing a chemical reaction, the enzyme :

A. Is turned into productsB. Remains unchangedC. Is denaturedD. Replicates forming new enzymes

2.01

As a result of catalyzing a chemical reaction, the enzyme :

A. Is turned into productsB. Remains unchangedC. Is denaturedD. Replicates forming new enzymes

If a cell membrane were only composed of the phospholipid bilayer, what is one problem that is likely to arise?

A. Lacking membrane proteins, large hydrophilic molecules would enter the cell more easily

B. There would be increased communication between the inside and outside of the cell

C. Without transport proteins, active transport would be unable to occur

D. There would be increased levels of protein within the cell.

2.02

If a cell membrane were only composed of the phospholipid bilayer, what is one problem that is likely to arise?

A. Lacking membrane proteins, large hydrophilic molecules would enter the cell more easily

B. There would be increased communication between the inside and outside of the cell

C. Without transport proteins, active transport would be unable to occur

D. There would be increased levels of protein within the cell.

A scientist discovers a single celled organism. After careful study he determines that the cell has ribosomes, a cell wall and the DNA is never enclosed in a nuclear membrane. What could the scientist correctly infer based on this information?

A. This is a eukaryotic cell because there are ribosomes B. This is a eukaryotic cell because the DNA is not enclosed in a membraneC. This is a prokaryotic cell because the DNA is not enclosed in a membraneD. This is a prokaryotic cell because there are ribosomes

2.02

A scientist discovers a single celled organism. After careful study he determines that the cell has ribosomes, a cell wall and the DNA is never enclosed in a nuclear membrane. What could the scientist correctly infer based on this information?

A. This is a eukaryotic cell because there are ribosomes B. This is a eukaryotic cell because the DNA is not enclosed in a membraneC. This is a prokaryotic cell because the DNA is not enclosed in a membraneD. This is a prokaryotic cell because there are ribosomes

A cell is lacking in RNA polymerase. What part of protein synthesis is most likely to be impacted?

A. Transcription because the DNA strands will not be able to separate

B. Translation because the DNA strands will not be able to join together

C. Transcription because the mRNA cannot join together without itD. Translation because the tRNA depends on it to attach the amino

acids

A cell is lacking in RNA polymerase. What part of protein synthesis is most likely to be impacted?

A. Transcription because the DNA strands will not be able to separate

B. Translation because the DNA strands will not be able to join together

C. Transcription because the tRNA cannot join together without itD. Translation because the tRNA depends on it to attach the amino

acids

RNA polymerase works during Transcription to separate the DNA strands and it puts together the mRNA

If amino acids were unable to polymerize:1. Complex carbohydrates like starch would not form2. The cell membrane lipid bilayer would be unstable3. There would be no enzymes to catalyze reactions4. Protein macromolecules would not form

A. 1 and 2 are trueB. 3 and 4 are trueC. Only 4 is trueD. Only 2 is true

In the absense of fructose, which disaccharide would not form?A. Sucrose because it is made of one unit of glucose and one unit

of fructoseB. Lactose because it is made of one unit of galactose and one

unit of glucoseC. Lactose because it is made of one unit of galactose and one

unit of fructoseD. Maltose because it is made of one unit of fructose and one unit

of glucose

2.01

If amino acids were unable to polymerize:1. Complex carbohydrates like starch would not form2. The cell membrane lipid bilayer would be unstable3. There would be no enzymes to catalyze reactions4. Protein macromolecules would not form

A. 1 and 2 are trueB. 3 and 4 are trueC. Only 4 is trueD. Only 2 is true

In the absense of fructose, which disaccharide would not form?A. Sucrose because it is made of one unit of glucose and one unit

of fructoseB. Lactose because it is made of one unit of galactose and one

unit of glucoseC. Lactose because it is made of one unit of galactose and one

unit of fructoseD. Maltose because it is made of one unit of fructose and one unit

of glucoseMaltose = glucose + glucoseSucrose = glucose + fructoseLactose = galactose + glucose

What type of cellular transport is being illustrated?A.EndocytosisB.ExocytosisC.OsmosisD.Diffusion

2.02

What type of cellular transport is being illustrated?A.EndocytosisB.ExocytosisC.OsmosisD.Diffusion

For dragons, green is the dominant color and purple is the recessive color. A heterozygous green dragon mates with a purple dragon. What is the chance that they will have purple baby dragons?

What is the dominant trait:

What is the recessive trait:

What are the parents genotypes:

What are the parents phenotypes:

The 4 possible genotypes for the kids are:

So what percentage are purple?

3.04

For dragons, green is the dominant color and purple is the recessive color. A heterozygous green dragon mates with a purple dragon. What is the chance that they will have purple baby dragons?

What is the dominant trait: green G G g

What is the recessive trait: purple g g Gg gg

What are the parents genotypes: Gg x gg

What are the parents phenotypes: green x purple g Gg gg

The 4 possible genotypes for the kids are: Gg gg Gg gg

genotype percentages: Gg, 2/4 = 50%phenotype percentages: Gg will be green = 50%

gg will be purple = 50%

So what percentage are purple? 2 out of 4 so 50%

DNA: TTC CAA ATC

mRNA:

Protein:

Mutation – what happens if the last guanine in the mRNA incorrectly reads as cytosine?

This chart shows mRNA !

3.05

DNA: TTC CAA ATC

mRNA: AAG GUU UAG

Protein: Lys Val Stop

Mutation – what happens if the last guanine in the mRNA incorrectly reads as cytosine?The mRNA would be AAG GUU UAC and so instead of “stop” the amino acid would be Tyr

This chart shows mRNA !

Given the following mRNA sequence:CAUUUAUGCWhat would happen if the last cytosine were replaced with a adenine?

A. The last amino acid would be a tryptophan instead of a cysteine

B. Nothing would change since both codons code for cysteine

C. The last amino acid would be a stop codon instead of cysteine

D. The last amino acid would be a stop codon instead of valine.

Given the following mRNA sequence:CAUUUAUGCWhat would happen if the last cytosine were replaced with a adenine?

A. The last amino acid would be a tryptophan instead of a cysteine

B. Nothing would change since both codons code for cysteine

C. The last amino acid would be a stop codon instead of cysteine

D. The last amino acid would be a stop codon instead of valine.

mRNA: CAU UUA UGC protein: His Leu Cys

With mutation: CAU UUA UGAProtein: His Leu Stop

Given the following RNA sequence:CACCGCGAUWhat would be the impact of a deletion mutation of the second arginine?

A. The sequence would start the same but it would not be able to form the 3rd amino acid.

B. The entire sequence would change because a deletion shifts all the codons

C. Instead of Histidine, the 1st amino acid would be ProlineD. No protein would form because a deletion prevents amino acid

formation

Given the following RNA sequence:CACCGCGAUWhat would be the impact of a deletion mutation of the second arginine?

Original RNA: CAC CGC GAUHis Arg Asp

Mutated

A. The sequence would start the same but it would not be able to form the 3rd amino acid.

B. The entire sequence would change because a deletion shifts all the codons

C. Instead of Histidine, the 1st amino acid would be ProlineD. No protein would form because a deletion prevents amino acid

formation