SEMESTER 1 FINAL REVIEW

QUESTION #1

A

______________is made up of a sugar, a

nitrogen base, and a phosphate group.• A. amino acid• B. nucleotide• C. phospholipid• D. glycoprotein

ANSWER #1

B

- nucleotide

QUESTION #2G

lycogen, cellulose, and starch are all ________________

A

. Proteins

B

. Carbohydrates

C

. Nucleic acids

D

. lipids

ANSWER #2

B

. Carbohydrates

QUESTION #3

W

hat is this molecule?

ANSWER #3

A

– ATP MOLECULE

QUESTION #4

R

eactants in an enzyme catalyzed chemical

reaction are called ______

A

. Polymers B. Products

C

. Substrates D. Organics

ANSWER #4

C

. Substrates

QUESTION #5E

nzymes speed up chemical reactions by __

A

. Decreasing the activation energy

B

. Increasing the activation energy

C

. Making more hydrogen bonds

D

. Changing the pH of the solution

ANSWER #5

A

. Decreasing the

activation energy

QUESTION #6

M

acromolecule that can act as enzymes are ________

A

. Carbohydrates B. Lipids

C

. Nucleic acids D. Proteins

ANSWER #6

D

. Proteins

QUESTION #7

R

ole of the spindle fibers are ________

A

. Hold sister chromatids together

B

. Only work during metaphase.

C

. Move & separate the sister chromatids

D

. Separate the nucleus

ANSWER #7

C

. Move & separate

the sister chromatids

QUESTION #8

T

ransport proteins play a role in both

A

. passive and active transport.

B

. diffusion and vesicle transport.

C

. exocytosis and endocytosis.

D

. phagocytosis and passive transport.

ANSWER #8

A

. passive and active

transport.

QUESTION #9

What macromolecule has a 1:2:1 ratio for

Carbon to Hydrogen to Oxygen

a

. Carbohydrate c. Nucleic Acid

b

. Protein d. Lipid

ANSWER #9

A.

Carbohydrates .

QUESTION #10

The breakdown of which of the following provides

the largest number of ATP per molecule?

a

. carbohydrates c. proteins

b

. lipids d. cellulose

ANSWER #10

B

. Lipids

QUESTION #11

O

n a pH scale which number would be

considered bases.

A

1 B. 9

C

. 6 D. 7

ANSWER #11

B

. 9

QUESTION #12

W

hich part of a phospholipid molecule is non-polar

& hydrophobic

A

. Glycerol/phosphate head B. Protein

C

. The lipid tails D. Protein

channel

ANSWER #12

C

. The lipid tails

QUESTION #13

Atoms in molecules share pairs of electrons when

they make

a

. covalent bonds. c. hydrogen bonds.

b

. ionic bonds. d. polymers.

ANSWER #13

A

. covalent bonds

QUESTION #14

Substances are changed into different substances

when bonds break and form during

a

. chemical equilibrium. c. ion formation.

b

. chemical reactions. d. hydrogen bonding.

ANSWER #14

b

. chemical

reactions.

QUESTION #15

The most abundant compound in most living

things is

a

. carbon dioxide c. sodium chloride

b

. water d. sugar

ANSWER #15

B

. Water

QUESTION #16

When salt is dissolved in water, water is the

a

. reactant. c. solute.

b

. solution. d. solvent.

ANSWER #16

D

. Solvent

QUESTION #17

Which of the following organic compounds is

the main source of energy for living things?

a

. carbohydrates c. nucleic acids

b

. lipids d. proteins

ANSWER #17

A

. carbohydrates

QUESTION #18

W

hich phrase best describes smooth ER?

a

. produces lipids c. connected to the

Golgi apparatus

b

. protected by vesicles d. stored in the

central vacuole

ANSWER #18

A

. produces lipids

QUESTION #19

Which organelles contain enzymes that break

down old cell parts?

a

. centrosomes c. vacuoles

b

. lysosomes d. chloroplasts

ANSWER #19

B

. lysosomes

QUESTION #20

Which of the following processes require energy?

a

. exocytosis c. active transport

b

. endocytosis d. All of the above

ANSWER #20

D

. All of the above

QUESTION #21

Which organelle is involved in the production of

ATP in eukaryotic cells?

a

. lysosome c. Golgi apparatus

b

. vacuoled. mitochondria

ANSWER #22

D

. mitochondria

QUESTION #23

W

hich of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper

sequence?

a

. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

b

. interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

c

. interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase

d

. prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase

ANSWER #23

A

. prophase, metaphase,

anaphase, telophase

QUESTION #24

W

hich of the following cell types is haploid?

a

. ovum c. gamete

b

. sperm d. All of the above

ANSWER #24

D

. All of the above

QUESTION #25

What phase will crossing over occur in?

a

. Prophase c. Prophase I

b

. Interphase d. Metaphase II

ANSWER #25

C

. Prophase I

QUESTION #26

W

hich 2 kinds of molecules combine to form cell membranes?

A

. Nucleic acids & carbohydrates

B

. Phospholipids and proteins

C

. Carbohydrates & nucleic acids

D

. Polysaccharides & RNA

ANSWER #26

B

. Phospholipids and

proteins