Semester Exam Study Guide

Answers- Part I

Monroe Doctrine

• U.S. stated the Americas were no longer open to European colonization

Ethiopia & Liberia

• Only countries in Africa able to maintain their independence

Mahatma Gandhi

• Led India’s independence mvmt.

Roosevelt Corollary

• Stated the U.S. could act as an international police in the Americas

Boxer Rebellion

• Attempt by the Chinese to get rid of foreign influence (& govt. corruption) in their country

Imperialism

• The extension of rule/influence by one govt., nation, or society over another

Panama Canal

• Started by France, finished by the U.S.-1914

Spanish-American War

• Cause- bombing of the USS Maine• Winner- U.S.

Meiji

• Enlightened rule/ruler

Berlin Conference

• Africans were not invited to the meeting (to have a say about their country)

Pakistan

• Created in 1947 when India gained its independence

Boer War

• Winner- British• 3 groups fighting- Boers, Africans, British

Thailand

• King Mongkut and his son were able to establish it as a neutral/buffer zone b/w France and Britain’s territories

Open Door Policy

• U.S. issued this policy & said China should stay open to trade

armistice

• Signed by France and Germany, to end WWI

Spark that lit the fuse

• Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, started WWI

Czarina Alexandra

• Ran Russia’s govt. while her husband was away at war

Austria & declaration of war

• Declared war on Serbia first

Treaty of Versailles

• Known as a “treaty built on quicksand” due to its problems

Big Four countries

• U.S., Britain, France, Italy

Central Powers

• Going into WWI – Germany and Austria-Hungary

Germany & guilt clause

• Germany had to accept full responsibility for the war

Allies (going into WWI)

• Britain, France, Russia

Four causes of WWI

• Militarism• Alliances• Imperialism• Nationalism

• Do not have to know the details

Schlieffen Plan

• Germany would race west, defeat France and fight Russia in the east

Austro-Hungarian heir

• Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Belgium

• Neutral country that refused to allow Germany to pass through and was then invaded by Germany

Slogan of Lenin

• Peace, Land, and Bread

Battles near Verdun/Somme River

• These battles showed just how ineffective trench warfare was

Pres. Wilson

• Represented the U.S. at the Paris Peace Conference

• Had the idea for the Fourteen Points plan

Battle of the Marne

• Caused Germany to fight a war on two fronts

Rasputin

• “holy man” who had political and emotional control over the Czarina

• Was allowed to make key political decisions at court, which many did not like

Lusitania

• Sunk by a German u-boat, killed 128 Americans (helped bring the U.S. into the war)

League of Nations

• From the Fourteen Points• Would protect great and small states alike

Zimmermann Note

• Germany would help Mexico regain land from the U.S. if Mexico allied with Germany

March Revolution

• Overall result- the Czar and his family were assassinated

Lenin

• Leader of the Bolsheviks• Helped to bring Russia out of its revolution