seminar foxtrot group 2 ltc ruffy ltc magallanes ltc de sagon ltc mercado ltc grayda cdr ruiz ltc...
DESCRIPTION
Strategy Concept and Use of Center of Gravity Theory – “Defense as the stronger form of war” Features of War Addressing Irregular and Unconventional Warfare Clausewitzian Influence in 21 st Century Scope of PresentationTRANSCRIPT
MODULE 11
OPERATIONAL ART
SEMINAR FOXTROT Group 2
LTC RUFFYLTC MAGALLANESLTC DE SAGONLTC MERCADOLTC GRAYDACDR RUIZLTC CANDELARIOLTC LIMET CARL VON
CLAUSEWITZ
Strategy Concept and Use of Center of Gravity Theory – “Defense as the stronger
form of war” Features of War Addressing Irregular and
Unconventional Warfare Clausewitzian Influence in 21st
Century
Scope of Presentation
Strategy
Strategy is the use of an engagement for the purpose of war Use of engagement- great consideration
on its fighting force. Strategist must define an aim for the
operational side
Strategist Work
Draft the plan, determine the series of actions intended to achieve it
Shape the individual campaigns
Individual engagement
In short, strategist must maintain control throughout
CHARACTERIZATION OF STRATEGIC THEORY
Study the engagement in terms of results
Moral and psychological forces
Deals with planning; components of war and their interrelationship
Elements of Strategy
Strategic elements that affect use of engagement:
Moral Intellectual and psychological qualities
Physical Size of the armed forces
Mathematical Angle lines of operations, movements
Geographical Influence of terrain
Statistical Support and maintenance
Strategy
Are the definitions too broad?
For strategy and strategic theory - YES
Strategy
If so then why did Clausewitz take this approach?
Destruction of the enemy was the aim of strategy ; war as bloodshed
Other factors were being considered such as political leaders, condition in the battlefield and values of protaganists
Battle may be actual , potential or possible
Center of Gravity Focal point where forces of gravity
converge
Centripetal force that binds organizations
COG is neither a strength or a weakness
An equilibrium that when off set all other elements will not function
Center of Gravity
Valid only if enemy possesses sufficient unity & interdependence
A blow directed against COG will have the greatest effect
Specific effect: Collapse of the enemy
Defense as Stronger Form of War
Easier to hold ground than taking it Advantages of waiting and advantages
in position Defense – preservation (troops are
intact)Offense – conquest (troops are thinly dispersed
Pillars of Defense
Militia
Fortresses People
People in arms
Allies
Advantages of Defense
Cover and concealment
Shorter lines of supply Time
Preparation of the terrain
“… the natural course in war is to begin defensively and end by attacking.”
Main Factors in Strategic Effectiveness
Terrain Surprise Concentric attack Fortresses Popular support Moral factors
Features of War
Among the important features of war not discussed by Clausewitz were the ff: Naval and Air Warfare because all of his
works concentrated on land warfare
The limited role of technology in warfare (Revolution in Military Arms)
Ideology in warfare (i.e. religious extremism, fascism)
Irregular and Unconventional Warfare
Conditions for Effective Uprising: Must be fought in the country’s interior Must not be decided by a single stroke
(decisive battle) Theater of operations must be large National character must be suited to that
type of war Country must be rough & inaccessible
because of difficult terrain
Irregular and Unconventional Warfare
One must therefore think of a general
insurrection within the framework of a war
conducted by the regular Army and
coordinated in one all-encompassing plan
Irregular and Unconventional Warfare
Deny the five conditions to develop
and the irregular and unconventional
warfare will not be effective
Clausewitzian Influence in 21th Century
Is there a Clausewitzian influence on modern civilian military leadership’s decision-making and views of war?
“War is merely the continuation of policy by other means.”
Clausewitzian Influence in 21th Century
Clausewitz Concept: “If war is part of policy, policy will determine its character. As policy becomes more ambitious and vigorous, so will war, and this may reach the point where war attains its absolute form.”
Influence: Aggressive conduct of war. Nazi-German expansionist policy Japanese militarism policy
Clausewitzian Influence in 21th Century
Clausewitz Concept: “The probable character and general shape
of any war should mainly be assessed in the light of political factors and conditions”
Influence: “War against Al Qaeda”
Clausewitzian Influence in 21th Century
Clausewitz Concept: “It follows from all this that a strategic
attack with a limited objective is burdened with the defense of other points that the attack itself will not directly cover––far more burdened than it would be if aimed at the heart of the enemy’s power.”
Influence: “Baghdad,Iraq; National Guard”
Strategy Concept and Use of Center of Gravity Theory – “Defense as the stronger
form of war” Features of War Addressing Irregular and
Unconventional Warfare Clausewitzian Influence in 21st
Century
Summary
QUESTIONS?
THANK YOUAND
GOOD MORNING
END OF PRESENTATIONS