sensory reception sensory receptors sensory receptors photoreception mechanoreception

Sensory Sensory ReceptionReception

Sensory ReceptorsSensory Receptors

PhotoreceptionPhotoreception

MechanoreceptionMechanoreception

Sensory ReceptorsSensory Receptors

• Sensory reception is the conversion is the conversion of environmental stimuli to nerve of environmental stimuli to nerve impulsesimpulses

• Sensory reception is performed by Sensory reception is performed by sensory receptors

• Sensory receptors are nerve endings Sensory receptors are nerve endings and cells that detect sensory stimuliand cells that detect sensory stimuli

• Sensation is the arrival of sensory Sensation is the arrival of sensory impulses at the cerebral corteximpulses at the cerebral cortex

Sensory ReceptionSensory Reception

• There are several types of There are several types of sensory receptors

• Sensory adaptation occurs when a Sensory adaptation occurs when a receptor becomes accustomed to a receptor becomes accustomed to a stimulusstimulus

• Interpretation of stimuli is coordinated by Interpretation of stimuli is coordinated by the central nervous systemthe central nervous system

• The sensitivity to stimuli is determined by The sensitivity to stimuli is determined by the receptor and the portion of the the receptor and the portion of the brain devoted to interpreting the impulsesdevoted to interpreting the impulses


• The The eye is a sensory organ that is a sensory organ that interprets light stimuliinterprets light stimuli

• The The parts of the eye help to help to collect light, focus light and collect light, focus light and convert light energy into nerve convert light energy into nerve impulsesimpulses

• The ability of the eye to The ability of the eye to focus on on near and then distant objects is near and then distant objects is called called accommodation


• The sensory reception takes place The sensory reception takes place on the on the rods and cones

• Rods send impulses when Rods send impulses when rhodopsin is converted to opsin rhodopsin is converted to opsin and retinene using light energyand retinene using light energy

• Cones are sensitive to red, green are sensitive to red, green or blue light and send impulses or blue light and send impulses alone or together to sense infinite alone or together to sense infinite colourscolours


• Interpretation of vision is of vision is coordinated by the occipital lobe coordinated by the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortexof the cerebral cortex

• The blind spot is the portion of The blind spot is the portion of the retina that contains no rods or the retina that contains no rods or conescones

The EyeThe Eye

• Disorders of the eye include:Disorders of the eye include:

1.1. Nearsightedness (Nearsightedness (myopia))

2.2. Farsightedness (Farsightedness (hyperopia))3. Astigmatism4. Cataracts5. Colour blindness6. Glaucoma

Mechanoreception and Mechanoreception and ChemoreceptionChemoreception

• Mechanoreception is the ability Mechanoreception is the ability to sense and interpret to sense and interpret mechanical stimuli such as mechanical stimuli such as pressure, pressure, sound waves and waves and gravitygravity

• Chemoreception is the ability to Chemoreception is the ability to sense and interpret chemical sense and interpret chemical stimuli including taste, smell and stimuli including taste, smell and chemical concentrationschemical concentrations


• The ear is a sensory organ that The ear is a sensory organ that interprets auditory stimuliinterprets auditory stimuli

• The The parts of the ear help to help to collect sound, amplify sound and collect sound, amplify sound and convert sound energy into nerve convert sound energy into nerve impulsesimpulses

• Hearing involves the conversion involves the conversion of mechanical energy into of mechanical energy into electrochemical impulseselectrochemical impulses


• Hearing loss can be due to:Hearing loss can be due to:

1.1. Birth defectsBirth defects2. Ear infections

3.3. Loud noises Loud noises 4. Aging


• The inner ear is responsible the The inner ear is responsible the sense of balance and coordinationsense of balance and coordination

• The The semicircular canals detect head detect head and body rotation (rotational and body rotation (rotational equilibrium)equilibrium)

• The utricle and saccule detect The utricle and saccule detect movement of the head forwards movement of the head forwards and backwards (gravitational and backwards (gravitational equilibrium)equilibrium)


• Proprioceptors are found in muscles Proprioceptors are found in muscles and tendons and sense body and tendons and sense body positionposition

• Taste is due to concentrated Taste is due to concentrated chemoreceptors in taste buds on in taste buds on the tonguethe tongue

• Smell is due to concentrated Smell is due to concentrated chemoreceptors in chemoreceptors in olfactory bulbs in the nasal cavityin the nasal cavity


• Touch is due to mechanoreceptors Touch is due to mechanoreceptors (touch, pressure, pain, temperature (touch, pressure, pain, temperature change) in the skinchange) in the skin

sensory reception sensory receptors sensory receptors photoreception mechanoreception

Documents