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November 1999 The Magazine of Westfalia Separator AG

Separators DigestFaster Spin-OffSeparators in Breweries

New Communicat ion Concept

Take the Best Separate the Rest

3E Quality

Quality has a New Mark of Distinction

Bionics Patents of Nature

Ready for Sailing at BecksNew Generation ofHigh Performance Clarifiers

Nectar of the Gods

Olive Oil from Andalusia


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CONTENTS

Publisher:Westfalia Separa tor AGProject Mana gem ent: Peter Arens, Heinz G. Krnchen

Editors:Peter Arens, Manfred Kaiser, Heinz G. Krnchen

Design and Layout:Dr. Kampf &Partner, Dsseldorf

Photography:Werner Bollma nn, Micha el Dannen man n,Axel Gnad , Ma ria Mhlberger,Tho ma s Schremmer, Jrg Winde

Westfalia Separa tor AG archive

Stefan Rehnert

Executive Director

Chief Financial Officer

IMPRINT

Preface 2

TopicalNew Communication Concept

Take the Best Separate the Rest 3

Company Profile

From Separator Manufacturer to Problem-Solver 5

Separators News 8

3E Quality

Quality has a New Mark of Distinction 10

Degumming Edible Oils

Top Degumming Patents Acquired 11

Cold Pressed Quality

Friolex 12

BionicsPatents of Nature

Elephants do not Perspire 14

Separator s WorldCold Wort Clarification

Ready for Sailing at Becks 16

Milk Treatment

Calcium Recovery from Whey 18

Beer Production

Faster Spin-Off 20

System Technology on the Move 22

LifestyleNectar Of the Gods

Olive Oil from Andalusia 24

Clear Bilge Water

The Renaissance of Cruise Liners 26

Algae Recovery

The Force from the Depth 27

Open andOffensive

Peter Schenk

Chief Executive Officer

This ed ition of t he Separa to rs Digest presents a chan g ed

Westfa lia Separa to r. The f a miliar tra ditiona l Westpha lia n

company is opening up. Success no long er depend s solely on

the quality of the products and services, but rather on the holistic

beha viour of a company in the public eye . We ha ve fully under-

stoo d t he implicat ions of th is messag e. As we a re a successful

core division of the GEA Group a nd Meta llgesellschaft, a nd w an t

to s tay tha t w ay , w e w ill gear up and speed up the d ynamics.

To come even closer to f ully sa tisfying the de ma nd s of the

market, Westfal ia Separator decentral ized the organizational

structure on Janua ry 1 1998, creating f ive production a nd ope-

rat ive compa nies. These compa nies ca n fo cus on the most im-

por tant ma rket segments, and can a c t wi thout the st ra teg ic

constraints from o the r market segm ent s. The net result is a

custo mer proximity w hich a llow s us to directly add ress th e

needs o f the market .Direct customer contact in the field is assured by our global

presence. Despite th e structure w hich is still chara cteristic of a

med ium-sized compa ny, 47 subsidia ries put us in a go od position

to serve ou r custome rs expertly and speedily. In a dd ition to the

international sales organization, Westfal ia Separator has set

up an eq ually broa d-ba sed service net w ork.

Our experience and current advertising campaign make it

clear that w e are a lwa ys w illing to listen to our customers. Now

we are going a step further . We are speaking out: our new

communicat ion concept is presented on pag es 3/4 of this issue.

The f a scinat ion w ith th e po ssible and not -yet-possible is

our incentive. In th is rega rd, you w ill experience a num ber o f

surprises with us in th e yea rs ah ea d. We w ill keep you upda ted :

in the ne xt issues of o ur Sepa rat ors Digest. Enjoy read ing!

From left to right :Stefan Rehnert and

Peter Schenk


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3

Take the Best The ta sk of d raw ing up a ne w communicat ion concept

for a special ised German eng ineering company w hich is a

w orld lead er in its field is as difficult a s it is rew a rding.

Many hidden champions a re to be fo und in this very

branch; in other words, companies, which are top perfor-

mers in t heir f ield but choose to keep this a w ell-gua rded

secret.

This new communication concept, f rom w hich w e ha ve

selected tw o exam ples in this ma ga zine, ushers in the en d

of t he era of polite reticence. Not brash-brazen, b ut o ozing

self-confide nce; not f rivolous, but on t he of fen sive. If you

do w h a t you a l wa ys do , you w i ll ge t wh a t you a l ways go t ,

is a fact that was already recognized by Abraham Lincoln

ba ck in h is time.

If its alright for our colleagues on the consumer side to

do i t , why shouldnt we? We wil l be tel l ing you about our

decanters, which played a major role in cleaning up the

Spanish Doana National Park af ter i t had been the victim

New Communication Concept

Topical


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4

of one of the worst ecological disasters in Western Europe!

We w ill be reporting a bo ut your mo rning milk, which has

been slimmed thanks to Westfalia separators. We are also

pleased that you can enjoy an evening beer which is not

cloud y but clea r, because th e yea st cells have bee n removed

by our separat ors!

You w ill soo n encount er a polar bea r freeing i tself cen-

trifug a lly from w a ter. You w ill experience th e birth of a

galaxy symbolizing the principle of centrifugal force. And

you w ill see a small krill , w hich migh t just b ecome a fo od

of the f uture with the help of our sepa ration technology.

In line w ith th is holistic approa ch, we w ill be a dd ressing

our customers in our communication, and showing them

w hat w e can achieve tog ethe r. We ha ve alread y achieved a

lot in the past .

You can only be close to the customer if you constantly

reach out to him. Were coming g et ready f or us!

Peter Arens,

Head of Marketing,

Westfalia Separator AG, Oelde

Phone: +49 (0) 25 22/77-26 92

Topical

Separate the Rest


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5

Westfalia Separator has been manufacturing centrifugal

separa to rs fo r over 100 yea rs. The compa ny ha s und erg one

a ra dical transfo rmat ion in this time. The numb er of a ppli-

cations for centr i fuges has witnessed phenomenal growth.

Over 2000 applications in the separation technology sector

ha ve bee n te sted o r successfully esta blished in the field.

Customized and Customer-OrientedBased on decades of experience, coupled with intensive

resea rch a nd d evelopment , Westfal ia Separa to r manufa ctu-

res ma chines using th e lat est techno logical expertise w hich

fullfil the most stringent quality requirements. WestfaliaSepara to r has been w orking to DIN ISO 9001 stan da rd since

1989. New ta sks arise d a ily w hich must b e solved by f inding

appropriate solutions in the form of machine design and

process engineering.

Process EngineeringSeparato rs or decante rs are of t en a t the he art o f a process.

Since the pool of knowledge of process engineering re-

quirements has steadily grown over the years, i t seemed

logical to include upstream and downstream equipment in

our programme. Consequently, Westfal ia Separator today

offers turnkey separator systems and l ines for a large

numb er of pro cesses.

Customer- and Product-OrientedFive highly efficient units operate in the different market

segments as auto nomo us companies.

- Westfa lia Separa to r Foo d Tec

- Westfalia Separator Industry

- Westfa lia Separa to r Mineraloil Syste ms

- Westfal ia Sepa rato r Umw elttechnik

- Westfalia Separator Engineering

From Separator

Manufacturerto Problem-Solver

Topical

Separators in a da iry

Company Profile


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Topical6

Westfalia Separator Food Tec

Dairy TechnologyIt a ll sta rted w ith th e milk centrifug e. Tod a y, Westfa lia Sepa -

rator supplies sophisticated separators, decanters, process

lines and installations for the production of milk and milk

by-prod ucts. Special processes such a s the DPL process for fu rther

defatt ing of whey or the DCP process (calcium phosphate

separation) have bee n d eveloped by Westfal ia Separato r.

Beverage TechnologySepa rato rs an d d ecanters have been indispensable units for

decades in the production of beer , wine, f ruit and vegeta-

ble juices as w ell as ot her beverag es like t ea , cocoa , a nd

soya milk. In the decisive process stages, continuously ope-

rating centrifuges assure economical processing and high

q uality of the end prod uct.

Oils and Fats Processing

On account of the large number of possible applications,

edible oil is increasingly gaining significance as an essen-

tial consti tuent in the food industry. Westfal ia Separator

has made a decisive contr ibution to the development of

continuous ref ining processes through the application of

centr ifug al separat ion technology.

Westfalia Separator Industry

Chemicals/Pharmaceuticals/BiotechnologyMechanical sepa rat ion processes find a pplication in numerous

processes in th e chemical and pha rmaceut ica l ind ustries.

There is a w ide rang e of prod uct applica tions for centrifu-

gal technology in organic and inorganic chemistry; petro-

chemistry and plastic production; base substances and in

the ph arma ceutical industry and b iotechnology.

Oils and Fats RecoveryMode rn processes for the recovery of oi ls and raw fa ts are

characterized by the widespread application of centr i fugal

clar i f ication a nd sepa ration t echniq ues.

As stand-alone machines or integrated in complete proces-

sing l ines, sepa rato rs or decan ters are used not only for the

recovery and processing o f, fo r example, o live oil, palm oil,

avocado o il but a l so edible f a t , cocoa but ter and w ool f a t .

Starch TechnologyWestfal ia Separat or is a t echnology lead er in starch recove-

ry. Centr i fugal separation technology is of central econo-

mic sign ificance in th is field. In close coop erat ion w ith th e

starch industry, Westfalia Separator has developed environ-

ment-friendly process techniques that ensure optimum uti-

l izat ion of the raw ma terials.

Service Our Basis for Good Partnership

The Westfa lia Separa to r service te a m

helps you d irect o n-site , q uickly a nd reli-

ably.

An intel l igent, global storage and logi-

stics system makes possible short delive-ry times for genuine spare parts.

Specially developed training program-

mes, practice-oriented instruction and

training courses on your premises if

required or in our modern training

centre ensure that your operating and

servicing personnel is kept abreast of

the lat est technological developments.


7/28

Topical7

Industrial BiotechnologyWestfalia Separator is a competent partner for processing

fermentation products. Uniform product treatment and

product qua lity must be a ssured w ith high ef f iciency and

economy.

Westfalia SeparatorMineraloil Systems

Westfalia Separator Mineraloil Systems is regarded as a

market leader in the centr i fugal treatment of mineral oi ls

a nd the ir derivat ives. The sa les prog ramm e include s cent ri-

fugal separators, decanters and the corresponding system

components for application on board ships, in power

plants, in the recovery of crude in oilfields and in industry

for the treat ment of industr ial f luids.

Westfalia Separator Umwelttechnik

Prote ction of the environment is crucial to conserve na tural

resources. Westfalia Separator offers innovative solutions

w ith sepa rato rs an d d ecante rs for municipali t ies and indu-

stry. Fields of application include the maximum possible

dewatering of sludge, the thickening of surplus activated

sludge as w ell as the recovery of va luable substa nces from

produ ction p rocesses.

Westfalia Separator EngineeringDue to the process eng ineering know -how of the Westfa lia

Separato r Group, there has been a steady increase in

demand for system-based solutions with corresponding

aut oma tion from one a nd the same supplier.

Ready p iped and wired on a f r ame and equipped wi th a l l

the necessary measuring instruments, fit-

tings and control systems, customized

modules offer the user a complete, tested

unit w hich can be quickly a nd e a sily inte -

gra ted in this process.

Westfalia Separator Engineering plans,

assembles, automates and commissions

complete process lines.

Heinz G. Krnchen,

Head of Communication

Westfalia Separator AG, Oelde

Phone: +49 (0) 25 22/77-23 55

Global Presence

Applications in Technology

The d om estic sales act ivities fo r the secto rs Foo d Tec,

Industry and industr ial environmental technology are

the domain of Westfal ia Separator Deutschland whose

hea d o ffice is locat ed in Oelde. The sa les offices inOelde, Hamburg, Dessau, Frankfurt , Stuttgart and

Munich assure a speed y an d smoo th service.

Globalisation has been real i ty for Westfal ia Separator

fo r de cad es. Whet her in Europe, America, Asia, Africa o r

Austral ia Westfal ia Separator maintains a global pre-

sence through 47 sales and service companies as well as

distribut ors in a furth er 60 coun tries.

- Clari f ication of l iquids

- Sepa ration of l iq uid mixtures

- Con cen t ra t i on an d dew a ter in g

of solids

- Wet cla ssifica tion

- Extraction of consti tuents

Centrifug al separat ion technolog y using

separators and decanters today plays a

key role in th e


8/28

For t he sixth t ime in succession, the Indu stria l biote ch-

nolog y business unit of Westfal ia Separat or Industry

ha s beat en strong competition on the international market

fo r processing ba kers yea st.

SAF-Argentina, a subsidiary of the French Lesaffre group,

has awarded Westfal ia Separator an order for supplying

the entire separating technology for processing bakers

yeast including an installation for molasses clarification.

The core o f yea st processing is the new ly developed nozzle-

type separator using the VISCON system type HFB 130.

The ma in fea ture of this system compared w ith conven-

tiona l sepa rat ors is the viscosity-depend ent concentration

regulation system using the special nozzles of the patented

VISCON system. This permits a virtua lly consta nt bioma ss

concentra t ion even w hen feed qua nt i t ies and concentra-

tions are not constan t .

The h ydro -herm et ic

product feed system

ensures gentle treat -ment of the product

and an o ptimum cla-

rifying effect parti-

cula rly w ith products

tha t a re sensit ive to

shearing forces.

Topical8

High-Tech for Pro-cessing Bakers Yeast

The 50th interna tiona l sta rch sympo-

sium w a s held in April in Det mold.

350 scientists and engineers from

throughout the wor ld demonstra ted

furth er possible applica tions as w ell

as new technologies for the starch

industry. Starch is now used in mo re

tha n 650 practical applica tions.

Three Steps in One

In their lectures, Dipl.-Ing. Markus Seiler and the head of

starch technology Dr. Willi Witt from Westfalia Separator

AG provided information concerning new developments in

sta rch te chnolog y, for insta nce 3-pha se techno log y. This new

technology using separators and decanters of Westfal ia

Separator achieves a signif icant improvement in the cost/

benef i t r a t io .

Separation into starch and other f lour consti tuents takes

place in t he f irst process stag e. Three pro cess sta g es

(w ashing, classi fying and concentra ting) are comb ined in

one stag e. The a dvant ag es of t his procedure a re f lexibil ity

in choice of raw material and product quali ty as well

as high yields and economical opera tion. The new decant er

type CallBridg e TP 505 and the noz zle-type separator type SDA 130 are

at the leading edge of 3-phase

technology. Examples of applica-

tions for this technology are:

Maize , wheat , r ice , pota toes and

soya.

Starch Technologies

Process line w ith noz zle separators

for the recovery of yeast.

For the rationa l and economical sepa ration of milk into skim

milk and cream or whey into skimmed whey and cream,

Westfal ia Sepa rato r has developed the sof t-strea m sepa -

rat or t ype MSE 400 w ith a capa city o f up to 45,000 l/h (for

skimming milk a nd w he y) or up to 50,000 l/h (for clarifying

and standardising milk).

This mea ns tha t th e rang e of prod ucts at the upper end o f

the per formance range has been extended ba sed upon the

Gentle Milk Treatment and Optimum Skimm-ing at the Upper End of the Performance Range

Separator s News

tr ied-and-tested concept of the separator type MSD 300.

Part icularly importa nt a spects we re trouble-free 24-hou r

permanent operat ion , a robust design a nd high operat io-

na l reliabili ty. The g entle product feed w ith the sof t-stre-

am system a voids shea ring forces w hen th e product enters

the b ow l and optimises the skimming ef fect .


9/28

lube oils, o il-w a te r-sludg e mixtures

a nd stuf fing bo x oil. This syste m w a s

principally designed for four large

fields: shipping, po w er pla nts, the o il

field secto r a nd industry. The complete

system is supplied as a ready-to-con-

nect m od ule. The spa ce req uired is

minimal (less than 0.5 m 2.).

Westfalia Separator AcquiresTOP Degumming Patents

In close coopera tion w ith the users,

Westfal ia Sepa rato r has developed the

new mineral oil sepa rat or type OTC 2

specially for small capacities up to

1400 l/h. This sep a ra t or is sma ller,

bet ter , but wi th a l l the advantages o f

its big b roth ers . The ne w type OTC 2

centr i fuges separates water or impu-

rities from dirty fue l oil.

A Deck for FourFields of a pplication f or this new sepa-

rator are the treatment of fuel oi ls,

Topical9

Westfal ia Separat or w as involved in developing t he

process, and has now acquired the patent r ights for the

TOP Degum ming pro cess from Va nd ernoo rtele Inte rna-

tio na l N.V. (see a lso p a g e 11).

In ma ny new ly indu stria lizing coun tries,

milk is an importa nt b asic food stuf f , but

i t is not always entirely safe. Pathogenic

germs can cause illness, with young chil-

dren being particularly vulnerable. 100%

ba cteria-free d rinking milk, the milk of

the new millennium , is being put o n the

market by the Indian producer Hatsun.

Backed up by a large-scale advertising

campaign, Arokya Milk is being heral-

ded as Indias first pathogenic germ-free

drinking milk: Just like th e m ilk drunk in

the industria lized count ries . This uniq ue

additional benefi t was made possible

using separation technology supplied by

Westfa lia Separa to r. And this is mad e cry-

stal clea r in th e d a irys ad verts.

The LG-DOW Polyca rbon a te Ltd joint venture w ill see t he e merg ence

of a new and impor tant product ion plant for polycarbonate in Korea .

Polyca rbon a te is a h igh-gra de pla stic w hich is finding increasing a pplica-

tion in the aut omo bile a nd electronics industry, for example, in the pro-

duction o f mo bile phone s and com pa ct discs. The g loba l PC market is a

grow ing ma rket w ith a predicted a nnual growt h ra te o f 7 to 10% in the

next few years.

After expansion of the production capacity in the DOW Plastics Stade

plant by insta lling a new prod uction line in 1998, type TA 275 sepa rat ors

specially designed fo r the DOW process w ill also b e used in Korea f or

multi-stag e, extractive w ashing of the po lycarbona te solution.

Separators for NewPolycarbonate ProductionPlant in Korea

Germ-Free Milkfor India

Small Mineral Oil Separator:Reduced to the Essentials

Westfalia Separator is accordingly able to supply

such installations and provide licences for operating

them. How ever, a l icence f ee is no long er required.


10/28

Topical10

Only reliable partners can a fford t o g ive q ua-

lity m a rks. These ma rks are g iven fo r eq uip-

ment and ma chines w hich need not shy aw ay

from any comparison and for ef f icient and

economical operation a nd a n a pproa ch cha-

racterized by commitment a nd eng ag ement.

Westfal ia Separator has a new mark of

distinction for the marine, energy, oilfield

technology and industry sectors. It is the 3E

Quality. It stands for Efficiency, Economy

an d En gag em en t .

E Stands forEfficiency

In comparison to con-

ventional separators

and compet i t ion mo-

dels, the mineral oil

centrifuges with the newUnitrol system achieve

up to 50% higher perfor-

mance and opt imum separa-

tion efficiency. Over 90% of all

abrasive solids are reliably separated.

How does that sound?

Pat ent ed systems ma ke sure it w orks. The

sof t-stream feed system is ge ntle on the

product. The HydroStop system a llow s

controlled bow l ejections at ful l operat ing

speed. Reduced w ea r substant ially pro-

long s ma intena nce int ervals. The Unitrol

system lets the separator think for itself in

the unmanned engine room. Only clean,

w at er-free o il enters the eng ines.

E Stands for Economy

The ne w C-Gen erat ion separa to rs a llow

maintenance intervals between the main

service of up to 16,000 operating hours.

These intervals coincide w ith th e ma inte-

Holger Heinrich,Managing Director,

Westfalia Separator

Mineraloil Systems GmbH, Oelde

Phone: +49 (0) 25 22/77-18 70

3E Quality

na nce times for t he d iesel eng ines. Tha t is

Westfalia Separators idea of economy. Eco-

nomy is ref lected also in a host of other

innovations.

A new disk stack compressing d evice a nd a

new bow l lock r ing tog ether w ith t he h in-

ge d ho od al low simple maintena nce. The

compact design configuration with integra-

ted valve blocks, cable box and flexible

connections makes instal lat ion easy and

saves time and space during

erection. 30% fewer com-

ponents have a posit ive

impact on purchase

prices and servicing.

E Stands forEngagement

This is also a n integ ra lpart of the 3E Quality:

You, the customer, are

the fo cus. Westfa lia Sepa-

ra to r w or ks f la t ou t t o g i ve

you th e be st. The ma chines and

equipment are developed using the expe-

rience g ained over decades, and in close co-

operation with the partners in the market

place. The ma chines unde rgo rig orou s test-

ing in our own test bay and in continuous

operat ion und er f ield conditions. Customer

proximity is assured by 47 subsidiaries

w orld-w ide a nd d istr ibutors in a further 60

count ries. Comp lete syste m solutions w ith

separators, heat exchangers, booster units

and f resh water generators are ta i lored to

meet the users needs. Westfalia Separator

is committed to engagement for your

benef i t . The pa ckag e rang es from planning

through design and manufac ture r ight up

to custo mer-oriente d service contra cts. The

w hole wa s a lwa ys more than the sum of i t s

parts: 3E Quality.

Quality has a New

Mark of Distinction


11/28

Topical11

As is frequently the case nowadays, problems are turned into advantages.

The TOP Degumming me tho d fo r degum ming edible oils can be used a s a

prelimina ry sta g e. It o pens up th e po ssibility of ph ysical refining w hich is

much more sewage-friendly than conventional refining using chemical means.

As a result of acquiring the patent rights from the Belgian Vandenmoortele

Interna tiona l N.V., Westfalia Separat or is now in a position to gra nt licences

for this phosphatide removal process free-of-charge.

Physical Refining Reduces Sewage Freight Considerably

In t he chemical process of ref ining edible oils, the free fa t ty a cids in t he

raw oil are neutral ised by means of caustic soda and the resultant

soapstock is removed w ith

the aid o f separa tors. The

soapstock may be used for

lower quali ty soaps or has

to be spli t into fat ty acid

an d w a ter by m ean s o f th e

addition of sulphuric acid.

This pro cess results in se-

wage which is very conta-

minated w ith sulphate , a ndcan only be disposed of

with str ict regulations and

at a h igh cost .

In order to avoid this problem, a physical method was developed several

years ag o. This metho d d oes not use chemicals to ne utral ise the f ree fa t ty

acids, but dist i ls these free fa t ty a cids of f under vacuum conditions and at

highe r tempera tures. How ever, this process req uires remo val of mo st of

the pho spha tides, nam ely the g ums.

Simple, Compact, Quick and FlexibleTOP Degumming g uara ntee s deg umming to a cont ent o f less tha n 10 ppm

pho sphorous. The a tt ractive aspect o f t his proced ure is tha t it is relatively

simple to ha ndle w ith clea r processing . The installation is compa ct, q uick an d

very flexible, i .e. straight forw ard . The process is ba sed on a skillful comb i-

nat ion of tw o separato rs.

The ref ined d eg umming procedure is used prima rily for ma ss oils such a s ra pe

seed, soja or sunflow er oil. Tw o f ully aut oma tic lines were com mission ed f or

this la st year in Austria a nd Slovakia. Now tha t it is possible fo r licences to b e

granted by Westfal ia Separa tor , a b road market ha s opened up for the TOP

Degumming method .

Klaus-Peter Eickhoff,Head of Oils and Fats Processing,

Westfalia Separator

Food Tec GmbH, Oelde

Phone: +49 (0) 25 22/77-23 84

Degumming Edible Oils

Raw or water-degummed oil is initially mi-

xed intensively w ith a small qua ntity of d iluted

acid. After a brief reaction time, the added

acid is partially neut ralised w ith diluted cau-

stic soda . The t ot a l rea ction time s a re only six

minutes. The pho sphat ides tha t a re hydrated

in this w ay a re removed in the f i rst separator

w ith minimum oil losses. In o rder to remove t he

extremely f ine phosphatide particles remain-

ing in the oil , the oil is fed into the second

separator af ter a smal l quant i ty of hot water

has been added. A self-cleaning high perfor-

mance clarifier CRA 160 is used for this purpose.

The g ums that conta in a very high level of

oi l and that are removed in this way are re-

cycled directly into the first separator. Subse-que nt drying produces an o il w ith a low resi-

dual water, phosphorrous and iron content

factors which are vital for the oxidation stabi-

lity of t he end prod uct.

The TOP Degumm ing me tho d o ffers the

advantages of higher production yield, low

operation and investment costs and avoids

environme nta l problems.

Clear Processing:Combination of Two

Separators

TOP Degumming

Patents Acquired


12/28

soja, maize or rape seed. Combined processes

involving pressing and extraction are used in

certain cases for these prod ucts.

Centrifuga l oil recovery fo llow s a d ifferent

metho d. The a que ous method is used for

extraction in this case. Fruit flesh, e.g. from

olives or avocados is separated into an oil

fraction and pulp in a specially developed

de can te r cen trifug e. This is on ly possible if

there is no emulsion between oil

and the aqueous phase. However ,

this is the ca se w ith most na tural raw

materials such as seed, fish or eggs.

Aqueous alcohol is added as

an agent in order to break

do w n this emulsion. It is

not used a s a solvent fo r

extraction purposes; on

the contrary, it is used as a purely physi-

cal too l fo r breaking d ow n the e mulsion. This ena bles effi-

cient separat ion to ta ke p lace betw een the o i l phase and

solid mass.

Absolute Prevention ofOil Oxidation

This results in a further ad vanta ge . Compared w ith the

pressing method, the Friolex method separates only the

purely oil-soluble constituent s w ith t he oil pha se. Lecithin

sepa ration w hich no rmally fol low s, nam ely degumming, is

no long er ne cessary. The oil is merely dried a nd subse-

q uent ly polished in a high pe rforma nce sepa rat or. The

solids are also dried. Water and the alcohol agent can be

recycled back into the process, and the oil-free solids are

available for further applications, e.g. for protein recovery.

The en t ire Friolex process is a lso bla nkete d w ith an inert

ga s (nitrogen). On the one ha nd, th is gua rante es explosion

prote ction for w ork ca rried o ut in the a lcoho l industry. On

the o ther hand, the blanket ing o f iner t gas has an extre-

mely beneficial effect on product quality. All oil oxidation

is a voided . The PUFA oils w ith freq uent ly unsat urat ed f a tt y

acids, e.g. in fish oils w hich can b e used fo r nutra ceutica ls,

or vitamins such as tocopherol (vitamin E) are retained in

this w ay.

A yield similar t o t hat achieved in the he xane extraction

process. A stab ility as is the case w ith oil aft er lecithin ha s

been removed and quali ty of cold pressed oil . A short

a mort isa tion pe riod . This is the w ishful th inking o f a ll

manufacturers.

Westfal ia Sepa rato r is ma king go od process tow ards fulf i ll-

ing this w ishful t hinking . With Friolex , the ne w oil recove-

ry process, vegetable and animal raw materials that con-

tain oi l can be used for obtaining high quali ty oi l

or f a t w ith a n extremely ef f icient metho d w ithout a

solvent extraction procedure. Friolex is a phy-

sical w a te r-ba sed o il recovery process. A

w at er-soluble ag ent t hat is suitable for foo d

applications is used as a process aid. A special

decanter centr i fuge is used for separating

the o il from t he raw ma te rial ma ss. The rema in-

ing impurities are remo ved in a separa to r. This pro-

cess is already being used in practical applications.

More than 40 dif ferent raw materials have so far been

tested.

Sharp Distinction Between

Oil Phase and Solids

Trad itiona l oil recovery metho ds a re pressing a nd solvent

extraction. In the pressing method, a high residual oil con-

ten t o f 8 t o 10% is reta ined in t he p ress cake. The oil con-

tent of the raw materials must accordingly be min. 10 to

12% if oil is to b e extra cted a t a ll. The he xane extraction

method is state of the ar t for many mass products such as

Topical12

Centrifugal Technology for Oil Recovery

In Practical Application

The Frio lex process has been developed as a result

of joint research by Westfalia Separator and Dr. Frische

GmbH. The met hod is protected b y pat ent in Europe a s

wel l as the USA and Canada, and patents have been

filed a t int erna tiona l level. The initial industrial app lica-

tion of the process is to be found at Dr. Fische GmbH in

Alzen a u, w ith a cap a city o f 1,000 kg/h seed . This process

is applied for g rapes as w ell as sunflow er seeds in o rder

to recover grape seed oil with excellent nutr i t iona l

aspects as well as sunflow er oil conta ining a high

deg ree of o leic acid.

FRIOLEX


13/28

High-value

vegetable oi ls and

special oils are the

main areas of appli-

cat ion due to the

excellent ba-

lance of valuable sub-

stances provided by the

procedure. Recipes and processes

have so far been developed for more than 40 special oi ls,

including seed such as grape seed, hip, cocoa, borage,

ricine, sunflow er seed s, neem , fruits, mustard a s w ell as

oth er raw ma terials such as jojoba , w hea t/ma ize, seed,

rice g rains, eg gs a nd fish. This include s oils w hich a re used

not only as food but also in the pharma ceutical industry.

Dr. Steffen Hruschka

Product Management

Oils and Fats Recovery,

Westfalia Separator

Industry GmbH, Oelde

Phone: +49 (0) 25 22/77-22 20

Topical13

Depending on the particular raw material used, the

Friolex method can achieve average yields of 90 - 95%

(99% fo r cocoa a nd t w o-sta ge processing), and is also

suita ble fo r products w ith a low er oil conte nt . This new

process can result in amortisation times of six months to

around three years, depending on the particular pro-

duct. One example: Raw cocoa with an oil content of

5% currently costs a round EUR1/kg o n t he w orld ma r-

ket. Around EUR4/kg is currently pa id fo r cocoa but te r

a nd a round EUR2/kg is paid fo r cocoa p ow de r. With con-

ventional pressing techniques, approx. 10% oil remain

in the cocoa powder, whereas the corresponding f igure

with the Friolex metho d is max. 2%. With a plant capa -

city of 30.000t/a , t he Friolex method produces addit io-

nal a dde d value of EUR 7.2 m per annum.

Rapid Amortisation Dueto Excellent Yield

High Value PUFA Oils

Processing is very gent le at low tempera tures, a nd solvent

extraction is not used. Refining steps such as bleaching or

disodo rification a re no t necessa ry. This avoids prod uct

damage, for instance the formation of trans-fatty acids.

The pho sphat ide conte nt in the o il can b e sig nifica ntly

reduced. Sensory comparative analyses result in excellent

assessments: Virtually cold pressed quality.

From Hip Oil to aSubstitute for Plastic


14/28


15/28

Architecture and Town Planning

The recent science of b ionics can no w a da ys be f oun d

throughout the entire f ield of technology. Nature teaches

us the optimum way in which processes run. It teaches us

how to a chieve optimum functioning of sensors an d track-

ing systems or how data analyses and information process-

ing could be improved. Architecture benefits from the

structures fo und in na ture. This is evide nt in the pa rallels

bet w een d iat oms an d cupola structures. The steel elasticity

of spider s w ebs has been incorporat ed in the d esign o f the

roof structure o f th e Olympic Sta dium in Munich.

Nat ure show s us how routing systems can b e o ptimised.

The w eb of ar teries in a maple leaf is from the technical

point of view a minimum routing net w ork. All ar teries

ta ken tog ether ha ve a minimum lengt h w hich is just suf f i-

cient for supply purposes certainly the most economic

method of routing. On the ot her hand, in major cities such as

Paris a nd New York, you w ill find a large n umbe r of ineffi-cient roa ds and routes w hich could have bee n a voided if a skil-

ful arrangement had been used. However, such experience

ha s on ly be en a vailable in the com pute r ag e. This is be cause lo-

cal aut ho rities as w ell a s indu stria l comp a nies a re subject to

the sa me restraints: No prog ress w ithou t op timum supplies.

The Elephant Ear Method

Elephan ts do no t perspire. If the y w ere to coo l the mselves

by mea ns of perspiration, w hich is the m etho d used by hu-

mans, they would lose around 11 l i tres of water per hour.

This q ua ntity o f w a ter is impossible to replace in the Sa -

vanna . The African Sava nna elephant s regulat e t heir body

temperature by means of the cooling tubes in their large

ea rs, w hich represent up to 20% of t heir bo dy surfa ce. Now -

here else is the exten sive netw ork of a rteries so close to th e

surface to the skin. By f lapping th eir ears, they creat e a

breeze and intensify the cooling ef fect . Modern cooling

equipment operates on the basis of the same principle. In

the tubular heat exchanger, the walls of many tubes add

up to fo rm a hu g e surfa ce. In th is w a y, it is possible fo r

liquids to be cooled ra pidly or if the elephant ea r method

is reversed the y can a lso b e he at ed very ra pidly.

We Have Not Invented thePrinciple of Centrifugal Separation...

The big b an g w as the b irth o f centr ifug al force. Incon-

ceivable ma sses moved (and indeed a re st il l moving) a w ay

from the core in all directions at e xtremely high speed . The

spiral is th e representa tion of centrifug a l force. The spira l

form, e .g . o f the Andromeda nebula or many o ther gala-

xies, clea rly illustra tes cent rifug a l force. The w a shing centri-

fuge, the honey centr i fuge or the milk centr i fuge have

ta ken adva nta ge of t his principle.

... But Hardly anyone Masters it Better

Phases of dif ferent densit ies are separated in the bowl

of advanced modern centr i fuges with g-forces of up to

15000 times acceleration due to gravity. In this case engi-

neers used a disk stack consisting of hundreds of conical

disks in order to make optimum use of the clar i fying area

of disk-type separators. Rising channels in the disk stackensure th at the phase mixtures are distr ibuted evenly over

the entire disk surface a nd reduce cont amina tion ef f ects. In

order to achieve optimum separation of l iquid mixtures,

the boundary between the phases must be located inside

the r ising channe ls, an d t he po sit ion o f t he r ising channe ls

must be b ased o n th e rat io bet w een t he pha ses. This is

highly sophisticated, and copied from nature. Man has

learned his lesson.

Modern bionics is sta r t ing to break d ow n scientif ic

bounda r ies and b r ing tog ether di fferent w ays o f th inking

for the purpose of better ,

natural and more humane

technology.

Bionics15

Manfred Kaiser,

Freelance Journalist

Phone: +49 (0) 83 33 - 9 30 85


16/28

Separator s World16

Cold Wort Clarification

Beck &Co is by far t he mo st importa nt G erman Export b re-

w ery. The tra dit ional green b ott le with th e oval label , the

full sai ls of the Alexan der von Humboldt an d t he unmi-

sta kable sai l aw ay voice of Joe Cocker chara cterise the

image of a beer which is appreciated in around 120 coun-

tr ies throughout the world. Output of the premium brand

Becks rose to significa ntly more t ha n 5 million hl in

1998, the year in which the company celebrated its 125

yea r an niversary.

Not only the unmistakable image but also the uncompro-

mising q ua lity a re key fa ctors fo r the success on t he Ge rman

and internationa l markets. Becks brew ery has trad it iona lly

been an innovative operator . New technologies have beeninstal led sooner than has been the case elsewhere; the

brewery was also one of the f irst companies to operate ice

ma chines so tha t b eer could b e coo led evenly. Tod a y, it is

the high performa nce clar i f ier w hich is now being used

for th e f irst t ime on t his scale b y Beck & Co for cold w ort

clarification.

Three-Fold Increasein Capacity

Apart from the esta-

blished process applica -

tions for separators in

the brewery such as

hot wort clar i f ication,

beer recovery from sur-

plus yeast or beer pre-

clarification before filtra-

tion, there a re also pro-

cesses w hich ha d o nly

been possible w ith small

an d me dium capacit ies,

e.g cold w ort clar i f ica-

tion or polishing of beer . Westfal ia Separator has now

developed a new dimension of h igh performance clar i f iers

w ith its clarifyer type CSA 500. Offe ring th e same sepa rat -

ing efficiency in comparison with previous types, the new

type ha s achieved a three -fo ld increa se in ca pa city. This

means that there are no more obstac les to using the ma-

chine f or cold w ort clar i f ication a nd polishing e ven in large

brew eries.

Cold Wort Clarification for Rounding Offthe Taste of Beer

The a im is to pa rtial ly sepa rate the cool trub to a def ined

residual quanti ty without compromising the str ingent qua-lity req uireme nts ap plicab le for the b eer. The fo llow ing a re

possible a dvant ag es of t his reduction:

- The ta ste o f the beer i s rounded of f ;

this is applicable particularly for the bitter taste.

- The bee r foa m is improved by th e removal of

residual hot t rub and the a ssociated

removal of fat ty acids.

- Ta ste sta bility is improved .

- There is no conta mination of the

yeast surfa ce with cool trub; the

ferme nta tion pro cess is mo re in-

tense and the yeast can b e reused

more freq uently.

- Substa nces which are a problem

for f i ltrat ion purposes are removed

at an ea r ly sta ge .

New Generation ofHigh Performance Clarifiers

Ready forSailing at Becks


17/28

Separator s World17

ciated with diatomaceous earth f i l trat ion. A three-fold in-

crease in the capacity for polishing beer (equivalent to

rough f i l trat ion in the conventional method) was also

achieved in compa rison w ith conventional separat ors.

High performance clar i f iers are t hus able t o t ake t he place

of roug h f i ltrat ion. The separate d be ers do no t conta in any

measurable residual solid contents, which means that the

trub load on downstream f i l trat ion systems is reduced to a

minimum.

Cool Trub Removal at 700 hl/hours

Cool trub ha s a very fine structure, i .e. the d ensity d ifference

w ith respect to the w ort is minimal. In a dd ition, t he viscosity

of t he cold w ort is very high. This ha s meant tha t separa tors

in the past h ave b een limited to capa cities of a pprox. 250hl/h.

Procedures for removing coo l trub such a s flot at ion, filtrat ion

an d sedimentat ion a re genera lly associat ed w ith complicated

eq uipment a nd/or a lot of ha ndling. This is one of the reasons

w hy this process sta ge is frequen tly not used in brew eries.

In th e new cooling house of the Beck &Co. brew ery, f ive

CSA 500 sepa rato rs to ge ther w ith nine w hirlpools ha ve been

integrated in f ive cooling l ines, each with a capacity of700hl/h.

Preferred During Tasting

At t he brew ery Beck & Co, partial sepa ration o f cool trub

to 120 - 160 mg /l mea sured in terms of initial w ort ha s a

posit ive ef fe ct on t he q uality o f t he b eer, particular ly as far

as the qual i ty o f the bi t ters and the tas te o f the beer i s

concerned. This finding ha s been confirmed in several

interna l test series.

The chemical ana lysis w as not a ble to e stab lish any diffe-

rences between the beers from the sedimentation process

an d from t he separa tion process. The t asting also provided

a positive picture: Whereas the tasters actually preferred

the fresh be ers from th e separat ion process, it w as not pos-

sible for any dist inction to be established between aged

beers from the separa tion a nd sedimenta tion processes.

Polishing of Beer

Alternative filtration systems are becoming increasingly

important d ue to t he disposal and ha ndling prob lems asso-

The protot ype fo r cold w ort clar if icat ion ha s been

optimised as a result of close co-operat ion w ith the Bre-

men-ba sed brew ery Beck & Co. This ha s resulted in a

process capable of being used in full-scale applications

w ith the fol low ing chara cterist ics:

- Capa city of t he clarifier: 700 hl/l

- Separat ion ra te more tha n 50%

- Fully auto mat ic integrat ion in the

prod uct a nd CIP line

- Low losses (app rox. 0.15 - 0.20% of

init ial wort quanti ty)

- All a na lytical and sensory requ ireme nts are fulfilled

- Protec t ion a ga inst hot t rub conta minat ion

- Cold w or t s tanda rdised b efore enter ing

the next process step.

Optimised Method


18/28

Separator s World18

CalciumRecovery

from Whey

Teeth are t he ha rdest substance found in the a nimal as

w ell as the huma n o rga nism. Our bodies achieve this most

extreme compaction of t issue by means of using the mate-

ria ls calcium, phospha te a nd ma g nesium. The a lveo lar arch,

in which the teeth are rooted, i s the bone wi th the grea-

test t urnover of calcium in o ur bo dies. We t herefore ne ed

to e nsure an a deq uat e supply of calcium if w e w ish to con-

tinue to use o ur teeth properly in future.

In terms of bone structure, calcium is the inorganic buil-

ding material par excellence. We have to build up our stock

of calcium for our bone substance by the t ime we are 30

years old. After that t ime, we can only draw on existing

stocks. The g reate r the a mount of bon e substa nce built upwhen we are young, the greater is our resistance to

myelophthysis an d osteo porosis w hen w e a re old.

Calcium results in healthy hair, makes us fit for sports and

calms our nerves. Anybody who constantly feels sleepy and

w ho complains of lack of drive, loss of a ppeti te a nd w eight

an d d iminished pow ers of memo ry does not necessari ly

ha ve to ascribe these problems to o ld ag e. The problem

ma y merely be a shortag e of calcium.

Calcium for Functional Food

In view of t he larg e numb er of po sitive cha racte ristics of

the mineral substan ce for the h uma n org an ism, it is not sur-

prising that manufacturers of beverages, snacks or body-

building food for athletes incorporate calcium as an additio-

na l benef it in their products. Ca lcium ha s esta blished a fixed

place in the market for functional food and beverages. In

the USA alone, the market for functional food is worth

USD 250 bn. Increasing self-medication due to the increas-

ing cost restrictions in th e hea lth industry and low -cost

market ing o f bui lding mater ia ls means that demand for

minerals such a s calcium is likely to continue to increase.

The DCP Process Line is also tothe Taste of the Trade


19/28

Separator s World19

Detlev Jttner,

Manager Sales,

Dairy Technology,

Westfalia Separator

Food Tec GmbH, Oelde

Phone: +49 (0) 25 22/77-24 16

It is already very difficult to satisfy the daily demand for

calcium pho sphat e w ith milk a lone. The price of t his versa -

tile mineral is a ccording ly very hig h. This is be cause origina l

calcium ob ta ined fro m milk is pa rticularly w ell reab sorbed

physiologically by the body.

Valuable Substance Insteadof Disposal Problem

Calcium phospha te recovery from w hey is a ccording ly a

process wh ich w ill become mo re an d m ore sign if icant on

the international scene. It is estimated that dair ies and

cheese-making factories throughout the world produce

bet w een 100 and 120 million ton nes of w hey per year. On

the one hand, this huge quanti ty represents a genuine

disposal problem. The prob lem of high BSB and CSB load s

in the whey means that d isposing of whey as sewage i s a

very expensive solution. The pro cess of eva pora ting a nd

drying w hey to fo rm whe y pow der involves a lot o f energy.

On the world market, the unspecif ic raw product whey

powder does not produce much in the form of revenues

because of the surplus supply. On the other hand, whey

contains valuable protein, lactose and salts such as calcium

phosphate.

Preliminary Stage for Lactose Recovery

In general, the process of calcium phosphate recovery (DCP)

of Westfal ia Sepa rato r is used fo r whey permea te (simple

concentration) and preconcentrated w hey permeates (up to

four-fold concentra tion). The w hey permea te is obt ained

from t he upstream ultraf i ltrat ion process w hich is used for

recovering protein concentrates.

The DCP process comb ines several a dva nta g es. On the o ne

hand, the valuable substance original milk calcium is obtai-

ned. On the other hand, integration of this step in whey

processing provides signif ican t ad vanta ges f or subsequent

process mana gem ent an d lacto se recovery.

Production times without having to clean the downstream eva-

poration installations can be increased between two- and four-

fold. Here the heat exchanger surfaces are no longer fouled

to the same extent b y calcium compounds precipitate d a s a

result of hea t a ction.

Accordingly, a n eva porat ion insta l lat ion w ith a sma ller ca-

pa city can be d esign ed. This mea ns tha t it is possible to

reduce energy costs, consumable costs (clea ning a ge nts a nd

ad ditives) as w ell as w ag e costs.

A further major advantage is that the DCP process impro-

ves lacto se processing w hich f ol low s evaporat ion a nd cry-

stal lisat ion. The q uant i t ies of w at er required f or w ashing

the raw lactose can be reduced. Purer lacto se is recovered,

as precipitate d calcium no longer fo rms to the same extent

as crysta l lisat ion core that cannot be remo ved by w ashing

in the resulta nt la ctose crysta l.

Valuable By-Product

Appr. 70% of ca lcium ca n be recovered f rom w hey w ith the

DCP met hod developed by Westfa lia Sepa rat or. The perme-

ate obta ined by u l t ra f i lt r a t ion is heated a nd g enerally set

to a neutral pH value depending on the composit ion of

the whey. A precipitate forms due to the action of heat .

This floccula te can be separa te d in special w hey clarifiers,

w hich are a ddit iona lly equipped w ith f ine nozzles an d a lso

ope rat e w ith an a uto ma tic hydra ulic solids discharg e process.

The d ry matt er content of the discharged f locculat e is

be tw een 12 an d 15%. The comp osition o f th is floccula te

can b e varied b y set ting the process pa rame te rs. To a

certain extent some content of whey proteins or other

compounds in the calcium phosphate concentrate are

explicitly desirable. Different levels of purity of calcium

phosphate can be achieved in a subsequent washing

procedure.

This DCP process, w hich ha s alread y proved importa nt in

many practical applications, produces a valuable by-pro-

duct w hich bo osts the prof i tab ili ty of a company. From the

point of view of environmental aspects, which are also

becoming more significant in developing countries, this

procedure dramatical ly reduces the strain imposed on

sew ag e by whey.

Milk Treatment


20/28

Sepa ration is an integ ral part of t he brew -

ing process. This sta rts w ith running off

(a future? domain of centr i fugal separa-

tors), continues with the separation of

hot a nd cold break r ight through to end

fi ltrat ion. Centr ifug al separato rs ha ve an

aston ishingly wide rang e of duties in the

brewery.

In addit ion to the general requirements

of ma ximum clarification, ea se of service,

noise development, etc., brewery techno-

logy ha s some ad dit ional requirement s:

- Low -shear feed, as proteins, e tc. have

a lab ile structure and cannot be sepa-

rated if they a re destroyed;

- Minimum oxygen pick-up;

- Hyg ien ic design ;

- Maxim u m dry su bst an ce w i th h igh

trub load ing in the feed

Because it is not possible for all aspects

of these requirements to be achieved

w ith a single ma chine t ype, a dist inction

is made between clar i f iers that are usedfor higher solid loads and high-perfor-

mance clarifiers that are used as polis-

hers in conjunction w ith low solid loa ds.

Hot Break Separation

The a pplication of centr ifuge s for the separat ion of h ot

brea k assures short cont act t imes of t he trub w ith the w ort

and def ined, guaranteed

separation efficiencies as

w ell as low w ort losses.

Oxygen intake is negligible.

The a pplicat ion o f w hirl-

pool and centr i fuge meets

the operators requirements

for a continuous operating

mode a nd high economy.

Cold Wort Clarification

Separation of the cold

break from the wort is con-

sidered to b e opt imum pre-

paration for rapid and trouble-free fer-

menta tion a nd ma turat ion. This ha s a

posit ive ef fect on the subsequent taste.

New ly developed separato rs achieve

separation rates of 50% at throughputs

up t o 800 hl/h. (See a lso th e a rticle ent itled

Rea dy fo r Sai l ing at Becks , pag e 16).

Beer Clarification

Beer clar if ied w ith the new high-perfor-

mance centr i fuges has only a minimal

residual solids loading. As such, it is has

been ideally pre-treated for al ternative

f i l trat ion systems (membrane techno-

logy, deep-bed filter systems). With short

shelf lives, efficiently clarified beer can

be bott led directly; however, separators

cannot completely replace f i ltrat ion.

Green Beer Clarification

To a ssure a cont rolled , rapid ma tura tion

of the beer during storage, i t makes

sense to pump a def ined number of

l iving yea st cells bet w een fermenta -tion a nd ma turat ion. This can be do ne

using a centr i fuge. With green beer

clarification, the process produces the desired number of

yeast cells for a def ined m at uration.

Green Beer Clarification with Yeast Addition inthe Separator Feed

Excess fermenta tion cellar yeast is ad ded to the green b eer

in the separat or feed . The yea st is separated in the centr i-

fuge a nd discharged f rom the bow l wi th a dry substance of

approx. 25%. The q uali ty advan ta ge of green b eer separa-

tion is conseq uently comb ined w ith the economic ad vanta -

ge of beer recovery. The separa tor o nly has to be designe d

for one capacity range. Special beer recovery installations

are no t ne cessary; the proceeds g enerat ed by sell ing yeast

are b ett er w ith high d ry substance levels.

Beer Preclarification before Filtrationwith Addition of Yeast

The yea st ad dition me tho d is a lso used in be er precla rifica-

tion before diatomaceous earth f i l trat ion.

Separator s World20

Carsten Waubke, Deputy

Manager Beverage Technology

Westfalia Separator Food Tec GmbH,

Oelde, Phone: +49 (0) 25 22/77-29 88

Faster Spin-OffSeparators in Breweries


21/28

Stopped Fermentation

A special a pplicat ion for th e separat or in the b rewing pro-

cess is the technique of sto pped fermenta tion for the

production of low -alcohol and nona lcoho lic beers. In a dd i-

tion to premium product quality, this system offers an

excellent price-perfo rman ce rat io.

Turbidity Adjustment inWeizenbier (Wheat Beer)

In w hea t b eer production, it is particular ly importa nt to

provide the customer with a product with uniform turbi-

dity q ua lity. The cent rifug e is idea lly suited t o comp ensat e

f luctuating yeast concentrations. Stored beer is separated.

Simulta neously, no n-separated beer is ad ded via a bypass,

thereby guaranteeing constant turbidity levels throughout

the entire production cycle.

Beer Recovery from Tank Bottoms

Tha nks to t heir trou ble-free ope rat ion, sepa rat ors can be

optima lly integ rated in the process for b eer recovery from

tank bottoms. Provided that processing is carr ied out with

fresh yeast or ta nk bott oms (e.g. direct from th e fermenta -

tion tank), a good quali ty beer wil l be obtained. A specialtw o-sta ge process can be used t o prod uce low -alcohol and

nonalcoholic beers.

Treatment of Washer Caustic

The a pplicat ion of separato rs for b eers in returna ble bo tt-

les also m akes sense. The e nvironm ent -friendly a nd econo -

mical treatment of washer caustic with separators has a

go od t rack record.

Additional Fields of Application

Improvements in ma chine design ha ve opened up n ew pos-

sibilities in t he b rew ery w hich w ere previously on ly possi-

ble at t he low er end of t he capa city rang e. Polishing dut ies

can b e carried out in a cap a city ra ng e up t o 800 hl/h.

Mode ls eq uipped w ith the Hydrostop system produce

opt imum solid dry substa nce levels. The h ydroh ermet ic

feed minimizes shear forces. The ne w ge neration of ma chi-

nes have reduced oxygen intake and r isk of infection to

neg ligible fa ctors

Hydrohermetic Bowl Seal

The hyd roherme tic sea l dynam ica lly sea ls th e bo w l by

means of an immersion disc in a rotating water r ing.

Compared to previous fully hermetic seals, this arrange-

ment can b e ef f iciently clea ned a nd do es not w ea r.

Hydrohermetic Feed

With the pat ented hydrohermetic feed system, a ccelera-

tion is achieved by damming below the sealing disc

gentle liquid in liquid. Shear forces are largely elimina-

ted. Hydrohermetic machines achieve a substantial

reduction in the particle count compared to standard

ma chines, even in the f ine rang e.

Ejection Systems

Modern clar i f iers are equipped with high-speed bowl

ejection systems, whereby the solids are discharged vir-

tually without l iquid loss the patented Hydrostop

syste m. The disad vant a ge of t he low er solids dry sub-

stan ce is of n o sig nifica nce w ith polishing d uties as few

ejections a re necessary wh en t he solids loading in thefeed is low.

Separator s World21

Beer Production

Further Technical Developments


22/28

Separator s World22

System Technology

- Fuel supply

- Fresh wa ter gen er a to r

- Co o lin g w a t e r w i t h

pla t e heat exchang er

- Bilg e w a t e r t re a t m e nt

- Lubr icat ion , bear ing and

stuff ing b ox oil treat ment

- Fuel o i l t reatment

System Technologyfrom a Single Source


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24

ges of cold pressed olive oil are beyond dispute. Nutritional

science ascribes the best composition of saturated, simple

and multiple unsaturated fat ty acids to native olive oil

extra, and thus describes i t as the most healthy vegetable

oil; the fa t w hich mo st closely approxima tes a mot her s

milk.

Simple unsaturated fat ty acids are present in

large quanti t ies and support the metabolism;

they can prevent high cholesterol values and

thus ma ny disorders of t he h ea rt a nd circulation. The veg e-

table dyes and phenols protect the heart and circulation.

Vita min E na tive to t he o il is conside red to be a n extremely

effective a nti-oxida nt a nd strengt hens the immune system.

Olive oil entices vitamins A, D and K out of salads and

vegetab les and ma kes them a vailable for the human b ody.

Olive oil is readily digestible and promotes

hea ling of stom ach ulcers and digestion pro-

blems.

In external applications, good olive oil pro-

vides relief for bronchitis, strengthens the

resistance of the skin, and ensures that the

skin is taut and fresh. Olive oil strengthens

hair and vitalises the scalp: Versatility for

body a nd soul.

Optimum Cultivation Conditionsin Andalusia

Tod a y, Spain is the large st Europea n prod u-

cer of olive oil. More than 200 million olivetrees grow in the country. In Andalusia,

almost 700,000.00 hectares of land are culti-

vat ed w ith olives. There is no lan dscape w hich can be

designa ted as Andalusian; instea d, th ere is a variety o f st i-

mulat ions to senses w hich exten ds in a ll fo ur directions of

the compass w ithout any in terrupt ion a nd w ithout any

Nectar Of the Gods

Anda lusians enjoy un tostad a con aceite f or breakfast :

to a st w ith olive oil. The o il w ith th e olde st cultura l history

is a very special juice. Olive oil is extremely difficult to beat

in terms of i ts ab unda nce of fa cets. In ma ny a spects, ol ive

oil is similar to w ine. Type o f o live, a rea of cultivat ion, vin-

ta ge a nd climate det ermine the character of the oil.

The Pho enicia ns discovered the m a ny ad van-

ta ges of ol ive oil more th an 6,000 years ag o.

Even then i t was one of the basic foods, i t

was balsam for the skin and hair , and was a

healing agent. For the Greeks, ol ive oil was

considered to be nectar o f the g ods ; o live

oil has its ow n place in the b ible. Even the

U.S. Senate now praises Mediterran ea n cui-

sine with one of its main constituents, namely

olive oil, as an exemplary form of nutrition.

Versatility for Body and SoulOlive oil is g oo d fo r everything . The fine

juice of the olive is used for shallow anddeep frying, it is used for marinades, sauces

and salads, and is also used for preserving

cheese, f ish, sausag e a nd vege ta bles. The hea lth a dvant a-

Lifestyle

Olive Oil from

Andalusia

The acidity of an olive oildefines the content of oleic

acid, a simple unsaturated

fatty acid. This occurs as a

result of oxidation when

the olives fall from the tree

and burst on the ground or

if the olives are stored for

an excessively long period

before being pressed. The

lower the content of fatty

acid, the finer and fruitieris the taste of the oil.

Quality Feature:Acidity


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25

monotony and includes all possible types of

landscape and al l forms of transparency of a

light w hich is ident ica l everyw here in o nly one

a spect: na mely its inte nsity . This is how the

author Anto nio Munoz Molina describes the

home of Flamenco and the bullfight. Here the

olive tree has found ideal conditions. Long

dry summers, a lot of sunshine and only a few

da ys of frost are o ptimum conditions for the

evergree n tree s w ith th e silver shimmering

leaves w hich are able to a t ta in a b iblical ag e

of several hundred years.

In the main cultivation area in Andalusia,

namely Jaen, Picual is the main olive type.

Picua l provides a de cide dly fruity oil w hich is

reminiscent of dry figs and peach in its

scent an d ta ste w ith i ts yellow -green colour,

a nd it lea ves a clea r olive ta ste. The hig h

content of polyphenols and oleuropeines

guarantees a long and natural shelf l ive.

Picual is particularly suitable for excellent

salad dressings, vegetables, boiled f ish and

also for add ing the f inal touch to desserts.

Court Supplier toSpanish Royalty

The q ua lity of olive oil is det ermined ma inly by the t ype of

olive and the ag e of the olive. The o lives are ha rvested be t-

w een Octo be r and April. An ea rly ha rvest in mid-Octob er

prod uces a fruity oil w ith th e scent of freshly cut g rass. Theha rvest by mid-Decemb er provides a ha rmonious oil w ith a

balanced taste, whereas ol ives harvested af ter that t ime

produce a mild a nd sw eet o i l w ith a ta ste o f a lmonds. This

is the exciting a spect o f o live oil (a s is the case w ith w ine):

no tw o o live oils are identical.

The sma ll co-ope rat ive S. Jos Artesana de

Mondrn in the reg ion of Vlez-Mlag a

w ith its 350 co-operat ive memb ers specialises

in cultivating the Verdial variety. Managing

director Francesco Martn himself cultivates

a round 700 olive trees. The d a rk green t o

black fruit is harvested lat e, bet w een Februa-

ry and April . The sw eet almond ta ste of the

golden green very mild and fruity Mondrn

Virgen Extra is therefore typical. One tree

bea rs bet w een 100 and 300 kg of ol ives; w ith

an average yield of 24%, this is equivalent to

24 to 70 litres of o live oil.

Rapid a nd g entle processing of t he ha rvested

olives is extremely important for Francesco

Ma rtn. The ha rveste d olives are crushed in

the oil mill w ithin 24 ho urs; they a re the n

treated in a centr i fuge in order to avoid oxi-

dat ion . Mondrn can therefore guarantee a n

acid content o f less than 0 .5 on the lab el.

The hea vy rain in the aut umn of last yea r

and the subsequent dry heat ha ve been very

go od fo r the Mo ndr n olive oil. The co-ope -

rative is therefore enti t led to use the t i t le

Court Supplier to Spanish Royalty w ith i ts

1998/99 vinta g e. Fra ncesco Ma rtn a lso pro ud ly point s to

the decanters and the separator of Westfal ia Separator .

Insta lled just bef ore t he ha rvest; he is very sa tisfied w ith

these machines. Olive cultivation means everything for manyAnda lusians. They l ive from, w ith a nd for a single product,

an essential component of da i ly, nat ural and hea lthy li fe in

the Mediterranean countries and increasingly also of the

entire population o f Europe.

Three qualities areofficially distinguished:

- Aceite de Oliva Virgen Extra

(native olive oil extra):

The highest quality level

for Spanish olive oil. This

quality is guaranteed cold

pressed and must not

exceed an acidity level of

1.0 (1g fatty acid per 100g

of oil).

- Aceite de Oliva Virgen:

Also always cold pressed

oil. The acidity level must

not exceed 2.0.

- Aceite de Oliva:

Refined olive oil or amixture of refined and

cold-pressed oil. In terms

of aroma and nutrient

content, this oil is less

valuable than cold

pressed oils.

Lifestyle


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26

Unfortuna tely. You are not a ble to cruise throug h the Pana ma chann el w ith the Grand

Princess . Its bea m of a round 44 met ers mea ns tha t it is simply too w ide. The larg est (a nd

most expensive) passenger ship ever built made its maiden cruise in May this

yea r from Ista nbu l to Lisbon. The summe r cruising sea son in the Med iter-

ranean Sea is ful ly booked. In the winter , the f loating luxury hotel

w ill cruise in the Caribb ea n f or t he f irst time. The Gran d Princess

offers unashamed luxury to the max. 2,600 passengers. Most of

the cabins are equipped with balconies, an unhindered viewof the Mediterranean. Entertainment shows run in paral lel

in three rooms, the disco on the 18th deck is impressive

w ith its all-round view , a nine-hole go lf course off ers unu-

sual putts and pote ntial honeymoo ners can be ma rried in

the on-boa rd cha pel. The kitchen o ffe rs fea sts 24 hours a

da y. Enterta inment, relaxation, indulging round the clock.

Longing for New Shores

Wha t is the a ttra ction o f a cruise? The fa ct of voya ging,

mans eternal longing for new shores, experiencing the

w ide open spaces of t he ocea ns, in a luxury atmo sphere tha t

is unparalleled. Relaxation in a maritime climate, a pinch of

ad venture, and possibly also a certa in amoun t o f prestige. I t pro-

vides an opportunity for relaxed communication, meeting and gett-

ing to know l ike-minded people, and possibly also avoiding them if

necessary. In the second ha lf of the 19th century, British a nd Norw eg ian shipp-

ing com pa nies sta rted to fill th eir sched uled ships w ith excursions . The British shipp-

ing compa ny P&O orga nised a trip to t he North Cape in 1882; this is conside red t o b e th e

first rea l luxury cruise in the w orld. Now a da ys it is still the drea m of m a ny peo ple to t a ke a

cruise a t lea st once in the ir life even if such a ho lida y is expensive it is now a ffo rda ble.

The a udience rat ings of t he Ge rma n television prog ramm e Da s Traum schiff (The d ream

ship) ha ve remained a t a high level for ma ny years.

Clear Bilge Water

The Renaissance

of Cruise Liners

Expectations relating to

a cruise a re hig h. The a im is to

ensure that such expectations are not

disappointed. When the Grand Princess cutsthrough the l ight b lue water of the Caribbean for

th e first t ime in the w inter o f 1999/2000, the new

certif ied bilge water treatment system from Westfalia

Sepa rat or w ill ensure tha t t he drea m liner w ill not leave a

rust brown trail of dirt behind when pumping off bilge

w at er. The mixture of w at er and oil, bilge w at er, w hich col-

lects in every ship keel, may only be pumped back into the

sea with a maximum residual oil content of 15 parts per

million in accordance with international guidelines.

The new Westfa lia Separa to r system no t on ly remains

conside rab ly below th is th reshold; it a lso ensures

tha t the b ilge w at er is treated in such a w ay tha t

it is clea r an d ha s the colour of w at er. All

is do ne t o en sure undisturbed

cruise drea ms.

Kurt Poprawa,

Head Business Unit Marine,

Westfalia Separator

Mineraloil Systems GmbH,

Oelde

Phone: +49 (0) 25 22/77-25 39

Lifestyle


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Westfalia Separator AG Werner-Habig-Strae 1 D-59302 Oelde (F.R. Germany)Phone: +49 (0) 25 22/77-0 Fax: +49 (0) 25 22/77-24 88 Internet: www.westfalia-separator.com

Take the Best Separate the Rest

separatorsdigest 1999 1 en

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