the

• •Record

U. S. DEPARTMENT OFHEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE

September 14, 1972Vol. XXIV, No. 19 NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH

Dr. E. MacNichol JoinsMarine Biological Lab

After 4 years as Director of theNational Institute of NeurologicalDiseases and Stroke, Dr. EdwardF. MacNichol, Jr., is leaving hisjob to resume research on theneurophysiology of vision.

He will join the staff of the. Marine Biological Laboratory,Woods Hole, Mass., when a re-placement for the Directorship isfound.

At Woods Hole, Dr. MacNicholwill devote most of his time to in-dependent research; he has agreedto spend one-quarter of his timeassisting with administrativeduties.

Dr. Robert Q. Marston, NIH Di-rector, said he appreciated most—among Dr. MacNichol's many ac-complishments here—"his contribu-tion to developing the relationshipbetween basic and applied researchin neurology; and the smooth tran-sition achieved when the Eye In-stitute was formed."

Dr. MacNichol's decision to joinMBL coincides with the Labora-tory's effort to expand its researchprogram to attract year-round in-vestigators of international stat-ure. Presently, most scientistsstudy at MBL only during the sum-mer months.

The Laboratory also hopes to(See DR. MACNICHOL, Page i)

Dr. Lapin, Soviet Scientist, Visits NCI;Discusses Advance in Leukemia Research

Dr. Lapin (I) and Dr. Moloney answered reporters' questions concerning theSoviet scientist's research and U.S. visit.

Dr. Boris Lapin, Director of the Institute of Experimental Pathologyand Therapy, Sukhumi, Georgia, U.S.S.R., met with reporters Aug. 30and discussed various aspects of his research involving baboons andmonkeys inoculated with human leukemic material.

Dr. Lapin is searching for evidence of a viral cause of human leukemiaby examining cancers observed inthe animals after inoculation.

From these studies, he has re-ported the isolation of a type-CRNA virus resembling known ani-

At the Bay State lab. Dr. MacNichol,who termed research ". . . my firstlove . . ." will resume studies on theneurophysiology of vision.

mal leukemia viruses.Dr. Lapin's next efforts will be

to determine if the isolate is anatural leukemia virus specific foreach type of non-human primatein the study; a dormant virus inthe baboon or monkey which wasactivated or "turned on" by thehuman material, or the long-soughthuman leukemia virus.

"There is no question that thisis a highly important finding . . . ,"said Dr. John B. Moloney, NCI'sassociate scientific director forViral Oncology, Division of CancerCause and Prevention, who servedas Dr. Lapin's host during his stay.

The press briefing concluded theSoviet scientist's 5-day visit to theNational Cancer Institute duringwhich he conferred on plans forcooperative research on cancerviruses between his Institute andNCI.

Dr. Lapin also toured the Ad-vanced Systems Laboratory atNCI's Frederick Cancer ResearchCenter, visited laboratories wherestudies of cancer i n non-human

(See DR. LAPIN, Page S)

3-Week Marston TourIncludes Moscow Stop

Dr. Robert Q. Marston, NIH Di-rector, returned last week from a3-week tour in support of variousDepartmental and NIH interna-tional activities.

On the first leg of his journeyin Honolulu, he dedicated a newNIAID facility, the Pacific Re-search Center of the Laboratory ofParasitic Diseases.

After attending a joint meetingof the U.S.-Japan Cooperative Med-ical Sciences Program in Tokyo,Dr. Marston flew to Moscow.Sees Russian Scientists

There he discussed with Russianscientists NIH preparations for im-plementation of the Heart, Cancer,and Environmental Health portionsof the U.S.-USSR Agreement forCooperation in the Field of MedicalScience and Health.

Before returning to this country,Dr. Marston also spoke in Primo-sten, Yugoslavia, at the openingsession of the Conference on HostEnvironment Interactions in theEtiology of Cancer in Man.

Mrs. Marston accompanied himon the trip.

Research Team PinpointsDefect in BiochemistryOf Hurler's Syndrome

Dr. Elizabeth F. Neufeld and aresearch team have pinpointed thebiochemical defect in Hurler's syn-drome, an inherited metabolic dis-order marked by skeletal deformi-ties ("gargoyldsm"), mental retar-dation, and early death.

Dr. Neufeld is a biochemist inthe National Institute of Arthritis,Metabolism, and Digestive Dis-eases.

The implications of their findingare far-reaching and include thepossibility that the early correc-tion of the flaw might prevent, orat least ameliorate, the disorder'sbizarre clinical manifestations.

In earlier studies, the research-ers had shown that patients withHurler's syndrome lack a protein,found in normal blood plasma andcertain cellular extracts, which thescientists originally termed "Hur-ler corrective factor."

Test tube studies revealed thatthe basic biochemical flaw could becorrected by replacing the missingprotein in cells cultured from af-fected individuals. Hence the name"Hurler corrective factor."

The present study has shown(See HURLER'S SYNDROME, Page A)

Business Session to PrecedeHistory of Medicine Program

A brief business meetingwill precede the program ofthe Washington Society forthe History of Medicine onThursday, Sept. 21, at 8 p.m.,NLM Billings Auditorium.

The agenda includes a dis-cussion on the recommendationto raise the annual dues.

Dr. Karl B. Absolon will dis-cuss Theodor Billroth: Teach-er, Surgeon, and Artist, on theprogram following the busi-ness session. Dr. Absolon ischief, Department of Surgery,Washington Hospital Center.

Dr. Glenn W. Geelhoed, NCISurgery Branch, will talk onBenvenuto Cellini and hisSyphilis: Malevolent MercurialCure. The meeting and pro-gram are open to visitors.

Page 2 September 14, 1972 THE NIH RECORD

ecordPublished biweekly at Bethesda, Md., by the Publications and ReportsBranch, Office of Information, for the information of employees of theNational Institutes of Health, Department of Health, Education, andWelfare, and circulated by request to interested writers and to investi-gators in the field of biomedical and related research. The content isreprintable without permission. Pictures are available on request.The NIH Record reserves the right to make corrections, changes or dele-tions in suibmitted copy in conformity with the policies of the paper andthe Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

NIH Record Office Bldg. 3 1 , Rm. 2B-03. Phone 49-62125

Editor Frances W. DavisAssistant Editor Fay LevieroStaff Writer Ed Driscoll

Staff CorrespondentsADA, Robert Manning; BHME/OD, Florence Foelak; CC, Ann Bain-bridge; DAHM, Laura Mae Kress; DORT, Joan Chase; DDH, CarolynNiblett; DMI, Marian R. Fox; DN, Evelyn Lazzari; DPHPE, EleanorWesolowski; DRG, Sue Meadows; DRR, Jerry Gordon; DBS, RobertKnickerbocker; FIC, Lois P. Meng; NOI, Elizabeth Shollenberger; NEI,Bonnie Friedman; NHLI, Bill Sanders; NIAID, Krin Larson; NIAMDD,Katie Broberg; NIGHD, Lloyd Blevins; NIDR, Sue Hannon; NIEHS,Elizabeth Y. James; NIGMS, Wanda Warddell; NINDS, Carolyn Hol-stein; NLM, Roger Gilkeson.

Minor Changes AnnouncedIn Two Shuttle SchedulesMinor changes took place

last week in t w o shuttleschedules — between the NIH-DHEW and the NIH-West-wood Buildings.

The shuttle to the WestwoodBuilding was revised to pro-vide service between the NIHReservation, the L a n d o wBuilding, and other local build-ings in the area.

B/I/D administrative offi-cers have the new schedules,or copies may be obtained bycalling the NIH Motor Pool,Ext. 63426.

The new shuttle schedulesare published in the Septemberissue of the NIH Telephoneand Service Directory.

Four Posters Released by DDHTo aid the fight against perio-

dontal disease, the Division of Den-tal Health has released four newposters stressing perio-prevention.

Single free copies are availablefrom the Office of CommunicationServices, DDH, Federal Bldg.,Bethesda, Md. 20014.

American Indian StudentsEncouraged to ParticipateIn Health Professions

The Association of American In-dian Physicians will conduct a pro-gram to recruit Indians into thehealth professions under a $63,000contract awarded to the group bythe Office of Health Manpower Op-portunity, BHME.

According to Dr. George BlueSpruce, Jr., director of that office,the Association will undertake proj-ects to identify health professionsstudents among the Indian popula-tion and try to help them begin orcomplete their professional educa-tion. Dr. Blue Spruce is a dentistand a San Juan Pueblo Indian.

The projects include a programusing American Indian physiciansand other health professionals tocounsel and encourage Indian stu-dents to participate in health pro-fessions meetings.

Another project is a symposiumto publicize the problems of theAmerican Indian student and iden-tify ways to encourage their enroll-ment in health professions schools.

Student Nurses Take Part In Cancer Nursing ProgramEighteen student nurses assigned

to the Clinical Center for the sum-mer recently completed a work-study program sponsored by theAmerican Cancer Society head-quartered in New York.

During the 10-12 week program,they worked in the Cancer NursingService. Their tasks included tak-ing care of patients, and attendingweekly seminars on nursing careand hospital administration.

The students, recruited by theAmerican Cancer Society, were en-

tering their senior year at univer-sity nursing schools along the EastCoast.

Other groups participated in sim-ilar programs at the M. D. Ander-son Hospital and Tumor Institutein Houston, Roswell Park MemorialInstitute in Buffalo, and MemorialHospital for Cancer and Allied Dis-eases in New York City.

The students' salaries were paidby the participating hospitals;their transportation was taken careof by the American Cancer Society.

NIH Television. RadioProgram Schedule

RadioDISCUSSION: NIH

WGMS, AM—570—FM Stereo103.5—Friday about 9:15 p.m.

September 15Dr. Lionel M. Bernstein,

NIAMDDSubject: Gastroenterology (R)

September 22Dr. John P. Adams, GWU

(NIH Fellowship—NIGMS)Subject: Trauma (R)Interview takes place during in-

termission of Music Room.

Kathryn A. Gedeon, a secretary inthe Central Travel Section, Travel andAdministrative Services Branch, re-ceives an award for her suggestionthat NIH process passport applicationsfor employees and their families whoare going abroad on official business.Donald Cushing, assistant director.General Services Management, con-gratulates Mrs. Gedeon and hands hera check for $400.

Pamphlet Describes VeterinaryMed. Careers; Lists Loan Aid

The job opportunities, qualifica-tions, and financial aid require-ments for men and women con-sidering a career in veterinarymedicine is described in a bookletwith that title.

The pamphlet, issued by the Di-vision of Physician and HealthProfessions Education, BHME, alsolists universities with colleges ofveterinary medicine.

The booklet is free on requestfrom the BHME Information Office,NIH, Bethesda, Md. 20014.

After a summer of clinical experience, the student nurses are preparing for a return to their classrooms. Much oftheir counseling was given by Louise Anderson, chief, CC Nursing Department (front row, second from right); VirginiaBarkley, national nursing consultant, American Cancer Society (second from left); Louise Lunceford, instructor. Educa-tion and Training, CC Nursing Department (far left), and Mary Louise Burgess, chief, Cancer Nursing Service (far right).

THE NIH RECORD September 14, 1972 Page 3

Drs. John and Helen KooTo Discuss Their TourOf the Chinese Mainland

Drs. John K. and Helen Y. Koo,husband and wife biomedical scien-tists, who recently returned from a2-month visit to the People's Re-public of China, will describe theirtour and show slides on Friday,Sept. 22, at 4 p.m. in Bldg. 1, Wil-son Hall.

The Koos, the first scientists in-vited to that country for such aprolonged stay in the past 23years, will lecture on A New Lookat Public Health and BiomedicalResearch Development in China:Observations From A Recent Tour.

During their tour they visitedseveral research institutions andpharmaceutical centers never be-fore seen by Americans.

Dr. John Koo first joined NIH in1950 as a special research fellow int h e National Cancer Institute.Later, he served for several yearsas a group leader in pharmaceuti-cal research laboratories.

He returned to NIH in 1965 as asenior staff member, National In-stitute of Arthritis and MetabolicDiseases. Subsequently, he becamea visiting professor at several uni-

Five Librarians Starting NLM Associate Program

Dr. Koo has published a book on Chi-nese medicine and its practice of usingnatural drugs.

faversities in the Far East.

On his return to the U.S. herejoined NCI's Microbiological Re-

• search Program. He left the In-stitute last year and is now a re-search consultant.

Dr. Koo has been concerned with• drug studies in the cancer, heart,

and mental-disease fields and haspublished a number of papersbased on his research results.

He also published a book andseveral papers on Chinese medi-cine and its use of natural drugs.His wife, Dr. Helen Yen Koo, ischief of FDA's Psychoneuropharm-acology Laboratories.

The lecture, sponsored by theLaboratory of Chemistry, NHLJ, isopen to employees.

DR. LAPIN(Continued from Page 1)

primates are currently underway,and presented a seminar on hiswork for NIH scientists.

He said he was especially im-pressed with the research facilitiesat Fort Detrick, terming them "ex-cellent" for studying his and otherpotential cancer viruses.

Discussions on collaborative can-cer research with the Soviets willcontinue. Dr. Frank J. Rauscher,Jr., NCI Director, leaves today(Sept. 14) for the U.S.S.R.

Dr. Moloney and associates willgo to Moscow in October to visitfacilities there and exchange vi-ruses to be used in research.

The librarians start a busy year of training which includes lectures, seminars,and practical experience in areas of special interests. L to r: Nancy Stiles,Lillian Kozuma, Gary Byrd, Susan Kirkbride, and Becky Lyon.

Five young librarians are takingpart in the National Library ofMedicine's 1972-73 Associate Pro-gram.

The program, which offers train-ing in medical library science, isdivided into two phases. The firstpart gives an introduction to NLMthrough lectures, seminars, demon-strations, and practical experience.

Phase two offers assignments inthe areas of each associate's spe-cial interests. Participants mayalso visit area medical and researchlibraries and attend local meetingsand conferences of professional or-ganizations.

Degrees ListedThe librarians are Susan Kirk-

bride, Gary Byrd, Becky Lyon,Lillian Kozuma, and Nancy Stiles.

Miss Kirkbride received a B.A.degree from Westminster Collegeand an M.L.S. from the Universityof Pittsburgh Graduate School ofLibrary and Information Sciences.She has worked as a biologist andresearch assistant.

Mr. Byrd earned two degrees inEnglish—a B.A. from Rutgers Un-iversity and an M.A. from the Un-iversity of Virginia.

A year later he received hisM.L.S. f r o m the University ofMinnesota Library School.Serves in Peace Corps

Mr. Byrd had served in Tunisiawith the Peace Corps, and workedduring part of that period as avolunteer interpreter on the Hos-pital Ship HOPE.

Miss Lyon attended Central Mis-souri State College, where she wasawarded a B.S. in Biology Edu-cation.

The University of Illinois Grad-uate School of Library Science,where she held an NLM Fellowshipin Biomedical Library Training,awarded her an M.S.L.S.

Miss Kozuma received a B.A. inPolitical Science from Drew Uni-

versity. During her senior year,she spent 5 months at the LondonSchool of Economics. After earn-ing an M.P.A. from Syracuse Uni-versity, she held a managementinternship with the General Serv-ices Administration in Washington,and later worked for EEO. Shealso held a traineeship from NLMat the University of Southern Cal-ifornia. She received an M.S.L.S.from USC.

Miss Stiles earned a B.A. inEnglish from Barnard College andan M.L.S. from the Columbia Uni-versity School of Library Service.

Day Care Exhibit Next WeekWill Explain Best Program

An exhibit describing properday care and assisting par-ents to choose the best pro-gram for their children will beon display next week.

On Sept. 19-20 the displaymay be seen in the lobby ofBldg. 31; on Sept. 21-22 theexhibit may be viewed in theCC lobby.

On these dates, between10:30 a.m. and 2 p.m., membersof the Montgomery CountyDepartment of Social Serviceswho helped with the exhibitwill be there to answer ques-tions.

Dr. Van Dyke Represents US. in OlympicKayak Competition; He Is 7 of 4-Man Crew

Within the space of a few short weeks, Dr. John L. Van Dyke, aNational Institute of Mental Health clinical psychologist, received hisPh.D. from George Washington University and won a place on the U.S.Olympic four-man kayak team.

Just before he left for Munich,where the summer Olympics wereheld, Dr. Van Dyke was given areception by his friends and fellowworkers at the Clinical Center.

In the busy week prior to hisdeparture, Dr. Van Dyke and othermembers of the U.S. teams con-tinued their practice sessions, wereoutfitted with uniforms, and at-tended a banquet with PresidentNixon.

The Olympic kayak competitiontook place Sept. 5-8 on the 1,000-meter man-made fiat water coursein the German city. The boat usedbarely clears the water when the4-man crew is in place.

It is 36 feet long, made of ma-hogany, and weighs 88 pounds. Dr.Van Dyke, who occupied the strokeor front position in the kayak, hadthe dual responsibility of settingthe rhythm for the oarsmen andsteering through rudder controlswith his feet.

During his 12 years in the Psy-

Dr. David Rosenthal, chief. Laboratoryof Psychology, observes the delicateoperation of Dr. Van Dyke cutting animpressive looking cake at a partycelebrating the two events.

chology Lab, Dr. Van Dyke, on off-duty hours, has set his sights on adoctorate and in competing suc-cessfully in amateur rowing.

Training ground for rowing wasthe Potomac River near Key Bridge.

Page 4 September 14, 1972 THE NIH RECORD

Dr. Lipkin, Head of Image Processing Unit,Foresees Computer Role in Drug Care

Dr. Lewis Lipkin, who recently joined the National Cancer Institute'sDivision of Cancer Treatment, predicts that computers will play anincreasing role in drug treatment of cancer patients.

These computers, he foresees, will help physicians decide when apatient needs such treatment, howmuch he needs, and whether the Initially, the computer-controlleddisease is under control. microscope will be used to count

This type of care may be avail- grains—tiny clumps of silver onable in a matter of years, according film exposed to radioactive cells onto Dr. Lipkin, who is head of thenew Image Processing Unit.

He comes to NCI from the Na-tional Institute of NeurologicalDiseases and Stroke, where since1962 he headed the Section onPathology, Perinatal ResearchBranch.

Dr. Lipkin, who received his M.D.degree in 1949 from the Long Is-land College of Medicine, trainedas a neuropathologist. He has longbeen interested in the applicationof computer science to the studyof cells.

Since 1966, NCI has supportedDr. Lipkin in his efforts to develop

Dr. Lipkin checks the operating panelof his computer-controlled microscope,which relays an image to the screen.

a computer-controlled microscope.He anticipates that, within t h enext year, the microscope will beready for pilot study.

The immediate purpose of thisinstrument, Dr. Lipkin explains,is not to replace human skills witha machine but to provide highlytrained, experienced pathologistsand technicians with a tool thatwill expand their research capa-bilities.

In developing this instrumentwith the help of Peter Lemkin andGeorge Carman, both of NINDS,Dr. Lipkin utilized image process-ing techniques.

A complex computerized opticssystem automatically scans a n danalyzes various materials, such asa printed page or, in the case ofcancer research, tissue fixed on aslide.

The instrument can make all therequired changes in microscopefocus and wavelength, "remember"the location of an important sec-tion of a slide for later reference,and measure certain biologicalproperties of cells, thereby savingmany hours of tedious work,

a slide.The number of grains produced

on the film represents the amountof radioactive material taken upby the cells while they were grow-ing and is a measure of the degreeof their biological activity.

Grain counting may thereforeprove useful for indicating whichdrugs are most effective againstthe activity of human cancer cellsand at which point in the life cycleof the cells the drugs are mosteffective.

According to Dr. Lipkin, imageprocessing may also become a valu-able diagnostic tool. Althoughimage processing instrumentationmay be able to quickly pinpointcells that may be cancerous, for theforeseeable future, the final diag-nosis of cancer will depend on thejudgment of a qualified physician.

HURLER'S SYNDROME(Continued from Page 1)

that cells cultured from patientswith either Hurler's or Scheie'ssyndrome, a closely related disor-der, have a deficiency of the en-zyme, a-L-iduronidase, which cor-responds precisely with their de-ficiency of "Hurler correctivefactor."

The Hurler and Scheie syn-dromes now may be classified asa-L-iduronidase deficiency diseases.

The metabolism of mucopolysac-charides, substances belonging tothe carbohydrate family, is de-ranged in both the Hurler andScheie syndromes.

This derangement leads to anaccumulation of certain of thesechemicals in various parts of thebody and results in the character-istic clinical manifestations ofthese syndromes.

The enzyme, a-L-iduronidase, isessential to the normal metabolismof mucopolysaccharides.

While patients with either syn-drome have a cellular deficiency,normal healthy individuals have acellular excess of this enzyme.

It was discovered, however, thatonly a fraction of the normal cel-lular level of the enzyme is re-quired to correct excessive intra-cellular accumulation of mucopoly-saccharide.

Thus, future attempts at eitheractivating or replacing the missingenzyme in affected persons mightbe beneficial even if only low en-zymatic levels are achieved.

Dr. Matthew Kinnard (second from left), who is graduating from the GrantsAssociates Program, joins other Associates in welcoming newcomer Dr. HenryG. Roscoe. L to r are: Dr. Watson Alberts, Dr. Kinnard, Dr. Roscoe, Dr. RonaldGeller, Dr. Julius Allen Currie, Dr. Luigi Giacometti, and Dr. Morton Reitman,executive secretary of the program.

DRG Marks Tenth YearOf Training ProgramFor Grants Associates

DRG's "grand experiment" of adecade ago—the Grants AssociatesProgram—marks its 10th year ofoperation this month.

Designed to fill a continuousneed for well-trained scientists toadminister NIH research and train-ing support, the program waslaunched in 1962 to attract researchscientists, physicians, and dentistsfor a broad and varied trainingexperience in grants administra-tion.

The first class of eight associatescommenced their 12-month train-ing period in September 1962. To-day, five of them hold key executivepositions in the Department; threeof them at NIH.

In 10 years the program hasgraduated 85 trainees. A number ofthese graduates have become di-rectors and associate directors ofNIH and HSMHA institutes anddivisions.

Others have pursued careers withthe National Science Foundationand other health-related Federalagencies, and a few have joinedhospitals and educational institu-tions as administrators and deans.

On the average, the program re-ceives 150 applications each year.Some six to 10 are accepted fortraining in science administration.

This finding might also explainwhy infusions of normal humanplasma, which has very little "Hur-ler corrective factor" or a-L-iduro-nidase activity, have been foundrecently to result in significantclinical and biochemical improve-ment in patients with Hurler'ssyndrome.

Dr. Neufeld's research team in-cluded Dr. Bernard Weissmann andhis student, R. Friedman, both ofthe University of Illinois. Theirresearch was supported in part by

DR. MACNICHOL(Continued from Page 1)

expand its electronics and specialinstrumentation services, areas ofspecial interest to Dr. MacNichol.

The MBL, established in 1888 onCape Cod, is a private institutionowned by a corporation of over 600 '•leading scientists and scholars.

It is maintained for the studyof all areas of biomedical research.Over the years, more than 30 NobelLaureates have worked at the Lab-oratory.

Dr. MacNichol was the leader ofthe research team that first pro-duced experimental proof thatcolor discrimination is accomplish- "ed by three different kinds ofreceptor cells called cones, each onecontaining a different light-absorb-ing pigment.

The eminent scientist graduatedfrom Princeton University in 1941,majoring in physics. During WorldWar II he conducted radar researchat MIT.

In 1952 he received his doctoratein biophysics from the Johns Hop-kins University.

Dr. MacNichol continued his re-search on the physiology of thevisual system at Johns Hopkinsuntil he became NINDS Directorin 1968.

During Dr. MacNichol's tenureand under his leadership, a majorreorganization took place in theInstitute's Collaborative and FieldResearch Program, and a vigorousEEO program was begun.

"The last four years have beentremendously interesting and chal-lenging," Dr. MacNichol said."However," he added, "research ismy first love and I am eager to beable to spend most of my time inthe laboratory."

a grant from NIAMDD. The find-ings were reported in the Augustissue of the Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences,