September 19th

Daily Agenda

• Notes CH 2 Section 2 + 3

Quiz – 19/191. Name the three

groups of Prehistoric Texans

2. What was the name of the land bridge the first natives crossed to get to North America?

Texas Rivers

Southeastern Indians

• Caddo – “Mound Builders”– Most advanced culture– Confederacies – alliances of people or groups that

unite for a common purpose

Food

• Sedentary Farming – stays in one place• Hunted• Foraged for fruits and berries• Fished with Trotlines

Shelter

• Dome Shaped Straw Huts

Customs

• Women leaders• Cotton Clothes-------> farming• Pottery• Marriage Proposal – men left venison on

family’s doorstep • Most Civilized• Caddo “Friend” = Tayshas--->Tejas--->Texas• What is the Texas state Motto?

Mound Building• For religious and burial purposes• Caddoan Mounds State Park in Cherokee CO.• Near Alto, Texas

How were they Built?

What were they built for?

Mounds Sites in United States

Wichita

• Lived between Trinity and Brazos Rivers• Wichita Falls Texas• Later moved North to Kansas ---> Wichita KS• Became integrated with Kiowa and other

Plains Indian tribes

Food

• Farmed – corn, pumpkins, squash, melons, beans, plum trees

• Hunted• Foraged for fruits and berries

Shelter

• Grass Huts

• Tipis – cone shaped tent made of poles and animal skins

• Tipis are mobile, ideal for traveling hunters

Customs

• Women leaders• Friendly, traded with French• Raccoon Eyes• Tattoos on Men and Women

Atakapan

• In Choctaw the name Atakapa means “eaters of man” – many believe it was a ritual to keep their enemies from joining them in the after life

• Believed in head flattening - At birth mothers tied a thin board to babies forehead till it formed a slanting forehead.

Plains Indians

• Relied more on Hunting – Buffalo• Nomadic – Tipis• Groups are:– Comanche– Apache– Kiowa– Tonkawa

Comanche

• Buffalo Hunters• Nomadic Tipis• Hostile warriors • Best horsemen of all Indians• Scalped Enemies• War Paint• Ate Buffalo intestines with Feces still inside!

Apache

• Name means “Enemy”• Nomadic, followed Buffalo• Crushed skulls of enemies• Stole Spanish mustangs – better equipped for

long distances w/o water• Ate their own body lice• Farmed in villages when not chasing Buffalo

Kiowa

• Buffalo• Nomads, tipis• Worshipped the Sun, did sundances after

victories in war• Rabbit Society• Allies with Commanche

Tonkawa

• Lived in Texas Hill Country• Mostly foragers…less Buffalo in area• Dome shaped Huts• Believe they came from wolves• Wolf Tattoos• 1st to use horses to hunt

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