September 30—List the September 30—List the long-term, short-term, long-term, short-term, and immediate causes of and immediate causes of the March Revolution.the March Revolution.

Compare and contrast Marx Compare and contrast Marx and Lenin.and Lenin.

Marxism Leninism Country must be

industrialized History is a series of

struggles between bourgeoisie and proletariat

First step is a violent revolution of a proletariat followed by a dictatorship of the proletariat that redistributes land and wealth.

When there are no more classes, the government is disbanded.

Country is agricultural Struggle is between the

peasants and landowners Intelligentsia (educated

people) are going to unite peasants and lead them in a violent revolution

Dictatorship of Intelligentsia begins industrialization and redistributes land and wealth

When there are no more classes, the government is disbanded.

Effects of WWI in Effects of WWI in EuropeEurope

Lecture OutlineLecture Outline Effects of WWIEffects of WWI The Great Depression in EuropeThe Great Depression in Europe Democratic States After the WarDemocratic States After the War

Effects of the Treaty Effects of the Treaty VersaillesVersailles In April 1921, the Allied Reparations In April 1921, the Allied Reparations

Commission determined that Germany Commission determined that Germany owed 132 billion German marks or $ 33 owed 132 billion German marks or $ 33 billion for reparations.billion for reparations.

In 1922, Germany announced it could not In 1922, Germany announced it could not pay any more reparationspay any more reparations

German InflationGerman Inflation In the spring of 1921 $1 = 65 German In the spring of 1921 $1 = 65 German

marksmarks In November 1923 $1 = 4.2 trillion In November 1923 $1 = 4.2 trillion

German marksGerman marks

Effects of the Versailles Effects of the Versailles TreatyTreaty

France was outraged and occupied the France was outraged and occupied the Ruhr Valley, Germany’s chief industrial Ruhr Valley, Germany’s chief industrial and mining center. France planned to and mining center. France planned to collect reparations by operating the Ruhr collect reparations by operating the Ruhr mines and factories.mines and factories.

Effects of French Effects of French OccupationOccupation

German workers went on strike, and the German workers went on strike, and the government paid their salaries by printing government paid their salaries by printing more moneymore money

This only added to the inflation that had This only added to the inflation that had already begun in Germany by the end of already begun in Germany by the end of the war.the war.

In 1914, 4.2 German marks = $1. By In 1914, 4.2 German marks = $1. By November 1923 4.2 trillion marks =$1.November 1923 4.2 trillion marks =$1.

League of NationsLeague of Nations The League of Nations was weak The League of Nations was weak

because the U.S. did not joinbecause the U.S. did not join They also could not agree to use force They also could not agree to use force

against nations that violated international against nations that violated international lawlaw

Germany joined in 1926Germany joined in 1926

What 2 factors led to the What 2 factors led to the Great Depression in Europe?Great Depression in Europe?

A series of downturns in the economies A series of downturns in the economies of individual nations in the second half of of individual nations in the second half of the 1920sthe 1920s

The crash of the U.S. stock market. The crash of the U.S. stock market. Much of European prosperity between Much of European prosperity between 1924 and 1929 was built on U.S. bank 1924 and 1929 was built on U.S. bank loans to Germany. Germany needed the loans to Germany. Germany needed the U.S. loans to pay reparations to France U.S. loans to pay reparations to France and Great Britain.and Great Britain.

Effects of the Great Effects of the Great DepressionDepression

Banks failed, industrial production Banks failed, industrial production declined, and unemployment rose.declined, and unemployment rose.

During 1932, 6 million or 40% of the During 1932, 6 million or 40% of the German labor force was unemployed. German labor force was unemployed.

Governments tried the traditional solution Governments tried the traditional solution of cutting costs by lowering wages and of cutting costs by lowering wages and raising protective tariffs but that only raising protective tariffs but that only made it worse.made it worse.

Effects (con)Effects (con) Increased government involvement in the Increased government involvement in the

economyeconomy Renewed interest in Marxist doctrinesRenewed interest in Marxist doctrines It led to masses of people to follow It led to masses of people to follow

political leaders who offered simple political leaders who offered simple solutions in return for dictatorial powersolutions in return for dictatorial power

UN p. 714-729UN p. 714-729 Margaret SangerMargaret Sanger ProhibitionProhibition Ku Klux KlanKu Klux Klan John T. ScopesJohn T. Scopes Herbert HooverHerbert Hoover