seraphim alvanides social geography, daysh building [email protected] school of geography,...
TRANSCRIPT
Seraphim AlvanidesSocial Geography, Daysh Building
School of Geography,Politics and Sociology
Why do we need area profiling?The first “area” profiling attempt?
Why? Because we can!
Issues on public understanding
Beyond the “local trap”
Do we need area profiling?
Charles Booth 1889-91:Poverty map of London
British Library MapsC.21.a.18.(295) SE sheet© The British Library Board
Obesity prevalenceGeographical variations in GB
Geographical clusters of low educational aspiration 3: Communities matter
Social Exclusion Task Force, 2008
MOSAIC UK TypesG41 Families on BenefitsG42 Low HorizonsG43 Ex-industrial legacy
The geographical spread of neighbourhoods with lower than expected attainment is shown in red. There are clear overlaps with clusters of neighbourhoods in which young people tend to have low aspirations.
Identifying clusters of the types of neighbourhood in which young people tend to have low educational aspirations could help target support more effectively.
There are clusters of neighbourhoods where attainment is lower than expected; this is visible in East Anglia and the West Country.
These areas share some of the characteristics of communities with an ‘aspirations gap.’ Many are rural areas with close knit social networks, stable populations and poor transport links.
The geographical spread of the three types of neighbourhood with the lowest educational aspirations, ‘ low horizons’, ‘families on benefits’ and ‘ex-industrial legacy’ is shown below left.
The map on the right depicts the 40% most deprived neighbourhoods (Lower Super Output Areas) in which young people achieve significantly lower at Key Stage Four than would be expected given their level of area deprivation.
A range of factors influence young people’s educational attainment. However, we can see a clear pattern between the types of neighbourhood in which young people have low aspirations and those in which they under achieve.
Participation in Higher Education (Hefce 2005)
IMD 2007 for SOAs in Newcastle
The colourful Tyne!ONS Output Area classification, 2001
Beyond UpMyStreet: Just facts?Acorn geodemographic profile of “NE6 5JA”
Does your postcode “define” who you are?
Does your postcode “define” who you are?
Critical perspectives:Neighbourhoods on the net?
Examines the increasing use and sophistication of internet-based neighbourhood information systems (IBNIS) and considers their potential impact on how places are viewed.
“How a neighbourhood is viewed can affect the lives of those who live there and the attitudes and behaviour of others towards them.”Burrows, Ellison & Woods, 2005
Can we improve area profiling?
Context (i.e. area effects) matters, but…
…we need more than “UpMyStreet”
Move away from bland “descriptors” Combine datasets and variables User-defined geographies Beyond the “local trap”?
Beyond the “local trap”The complexity of daily lives
After: Kwan, Mei-Po and Ding, Guoxiang(2008)'Geo-Narrative: Extending Geographic Information Systems for Narrative Analysis in Qualitative and Mixed-Method Research', The Professional Geographer 60 p.454
Home
Midnight23:0022:0021:0020:0019:0018:0017:0016:0015:0014:0013:00Noon11:0010:0009:0008:0007:0006:0005:0004:0003:0002:0001:00Midnight
Mrs Tango
School Home
SchoolPart-time activity
Mrs WelshMr Welsh
Workplace
Beyond the “local trap”Space-Time Geography?
After: Kwan, Mei-Po and Ding, Guoxiang(2008)'Geo-Narrative: Extending Geographic Information Systems for Narrative Analysis in Qualitative and Mixed-Method Research', The Professional Geographer 60 p.455
Home to School:Actual (blue) and Optimal (red)
Why do we need area profiling?
Because “contextual effects” matter
Because we cannot afford not to profile:
Assessing impact of interventions
Ensuring “spatial representation” Reaching all sections of society
Seraphim AlvanidesSocial Geography, Daysh Building [email protected]
Thank you
School of Geography,Politics and Sociology