session 2 general safety requirements

SESSION : 2

General Safety Requirements


1. Our VISION - Health, Safety & Environment

2. General site safety rules, Personal behavior and conduct.

3. Duty of Care – Employer Responsibilities , Employee obligation

4. Signs

5. Personal Protective Equipments ( P.P.E.)

6. Smoking Regulation, Traffic rules, Site Access & Security

7. Welfare & First Aid Facilities.

8. Reporting Incidents

9. Emergency Procedure - In case of accidents, FIRE

10. Safety Inspections. Safety Monitoring Meeting.

11. Safety Trainings

12. Safety Motivation - Safety Incentive Scheme, Disciplinary

Action.

13. Workplace Hazard & Solutions (Housekeeping, Working at

height, FIRE etc)

Objectives


Our VISION - Health, Safety & Environment

1. All accidents, illnesses, property damage and pollution are

avoidable and are to be prevented

2. No job is so urgent or demanding that it can not be done

safely

3. Adhering to HSE rules is a condition of employment

4. Setting examples through our behaviour

5. Nobody Gets Killed, Nobody Gets Seriously Injured

6. No High Risk Incidents

7. No harm to Environment

Every person returns home safely to

his family at the end of the day.


1. Prohibited Items - Radios, Cassette

players, CD player, Music Systems

2. Possession, use and sale of alcohol and

drugs as well as entry to the Site under

the influence of alcohol or drugs should be

forbidden.

3. Fighting and Running should be strictly

forbidden;

4. Abusive or aggressive behavior is not

permitted;

5. Tampering with safety equipment is

forbidden;

6. Causing damage on purpose or misuse of

facilities on the job site is forbidden;

General site safety rules, Personal behavior and conduct.


Duties of Employer to Protect Employees

Every employer shall provide adequate preventive

equipment to protect workers against the dangers of

employment accidents and occupational diseases

that may occur during the work, and also against fire

hazards and other hazards (working at height,

Chemical etc) that may result from the use of machines

and other equipment.


Every worker shall use the protective equipment

and the clothing supplied to him for this purpose, shall

comply with all instructions given by the employer to

protect him against hazards and shall not take any

action liable to hamper compliance with such

instructions.

Employees obligation on safety


1. Follow correct instructions, don’t take chances, if they don’t know, they should

ask.

2. Correct/report unsafe conditions and help to keep everything clean and

orderly.

3. Use right tools and equipment for the job, use them safely.

4. Report all injuries, get first aid promptly.

5. Use, adjust and repair equipment only when authorized.

6. Use prescribed equipment, wear safe clothing and keep them in good

condition.

7. Don’t horseplay, avoid distracting others.

8. Comply with all safety rules and signs.

9. Not to intentionally or recklessly interfere with anything provided in the interest of

health and safety – PPEs, Fire Extinguishers, Signages etc.

Employees are obliged to …


Safety signs are useful tools to help

protect Health & safety of us and

workplace visitors.

Therefore, meaning and purpose of signs

to be understood and complied with.

Everyone should abide by the safety

signs displayed.

Warning Signs

Draw attention to

health and safety

hazards – Point out

hazards that may not

be obvious

Prohibition Signs

Indicates where

certain actions are

prohibited

Safe Signs

Provide general

information and

direction. Shows the

location of emergency

equipments

SIGNS Remind us where

PPEs must be used,

Indicates mandatory

actions

Mandatory Signs


Personal protective equipment is a safeguard against job hazards. When used as intended

along with other preventative measures, PPE minimizes or eliminates risks to employees.

Other PPE shall be used as per the hazards present in your work area

– Safety glasses / Face shields – Flying particles

– Hand Gloves – Protection from sharp objects and

chemicals

– Ear muffs/ plugs – Protection against hearing loss

– Dust Mask / Escape Mask – Dust, Mist, Gas Hazards

– Harness – Protection from falling

PPE

SAFETY HELMET & SAFETY SHOES are Mandatory PPE

Remember! PPE is the last line of defense before “contact.”, hence should not be considered as first option for protection


SMOKING REGULATION

NO SMOKING POLICY SHOULD BE ADOPTED FOR THE ENTIRE

CONSTRUCTION AREA

Smoking Zone:

If Reasonable & Practicable a designated

SMOKING ZONE with suitable Fire Fighting

equipments, Ash Drum for stubbing cigarettes

butts to be provided

This SMOKING ZONE must be away from any

sources of ignition.

CARELESS SMOKING IS ONE OF THE MAJOR CAUSE OF FIRE


SITE TRAFFIC RULES

SPEED LIMIT must be fixed as per the site requirements.

TRAFFIC HAZARDS:

TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS CLAIMS SEVERAL LIVES

No reverse policy at site (Making Round about / U Turn)

No overtake

Camel Hump – Speed Breaker

Drive defensively

Not using mobile phone while driving

Usage of Seat belts for driver as well as passenger

Never ride on construction vehicle (JCB, FLT, bobcat etc)

Following Local Traffic Rules Strictly

Care other road users while driving

Other Traffic rules must be complied with.

Over speeding, Unskilled drivers, Not following traffic rules etc


A competent security can protect property from loss by theft, fraud, fire (arson) and other form of damage. All security-men to be trained in fire fighting and emergency response. They have the right to frisk all employees, vehicles and equipment entering and leaving the site.

-Verify the Employees ID card

-Enforce drugs & alcohol policy,

-No smoking policy at the premises.

-Restrict unauthorized entry

-Material incoming / outgoing

Site Access & Security

Visitor will have to Carry his visitor ID available with security guard.


Welfare Facilities at site

1. Sufficient Drinking water /

Wash area

2. Adequate number of Toilet /

Urinals as per legal req.

3. Dining /Rest area - well

ventilated, lights, cleaned &

maintained

TOILET

Dining area with food rack

Welfare facilities at the project must be as per the total current and planned strength of the

project and must meet legal requirements.


FIRST AID Facility

Ensure the availability of sufficient first aid medicines (First

Aid Spray, Bandages, Antiseptic Solvent, eye wash,

Ointments etc) and First aid equipments (Stretcher, examine

table, trolleys, thermometer, eye wash station etc) as per the

legal requirements

Trained and Experienced First Aid providers

First Aid Case Register (Date, Time, Name, Location, Nature

of injury, Remarks etc) to be maintained for each case.

Insist and ensure that all minor / major injuries are reported to the first aid provider / Safety Dept.


Never Hide any incident / accidents. Hiding incidents to avoid any blame can give chances to other similar and more severe accidents.

Never fix blame of accidents instead find the cause and take preventive actions to avoid recurrence.

Types of

incidents

to be

reported


1. Stay calm, do not panic.

2. Inform your supervisor and the nearest first aid center.

3. Don’t touch the injured person if you suspect that he has been

electrocuted.

4. If any material is lying on the injured person, assist others in removing it.

5. Don’t move the injured person unless it is VERY essential to do so; you

may be hurting him by unnecessary movements

6. Move him only if there is further risk of injury to the casualty at the scene

of accident.

7. Don’t give any drinks or food to the injured unless directed by

competent persons.

IN CASE OF ACCIDENT


1. Daily site safety inspection

2. Weekly joint safety inspection

3. Lifting tools / tackles

4. Fire extinguishers

5. Scaffolds / ladders

6. PPE – safety harness

7. Power tools / ELCB

8. Mechanical equipment

9. Required 3rd party inspection

SAFETY INSPECTIONS Safety Representative with coordination with supervisors conduct the following safety

inspections which are an effective tools for proactive monitoring of OHS performance.

All the inspections are to be recorded in prescribed formats and findings are being closed

Line management should respond in time to close the findings of safety inspections.


1. To find solutions for any HSE issues remaining unresolved during the previous

months,

2. To identify the problem areas and to work out suggestions for improvement,

3. To investigate accidents incurred during the previous month and if any, to

implement ways to prevent recurrence of the same in the future.

4. To decide any special safety requirements to be taken during running month

arising out of the new site activities to be carried out.

5. To review the implementation of the HSE plan

SAFETY MONITORING MEETING This is another proactive approach for monitoring OHS performance.

It must organized on monthly basis, chaired by PM / CM.

Safety Engineers / Officer should record the minutes of meeting, circulate

the agenda well in advance and follow up the implementation of the minutes.

Attendees: All Engineers / Foremen, Subcontractors’ Supervisors, Safety

Officers

Objectives


Training: A best techniques to motivate the employees towards safety for a positive H&S culture.

General Types of trainings:

1. Safety Induction Training

2. Daily / Weekly Tool Box Talk

3. Job Specific Training

4. 3rd Party Approved Safety Training

Training will give the employee a boost to his confidence while performing the task. Appropriate job skill & positive orientation of mind helps to reduce incident rate.

Legal requirements – to inform significant workplace hazards and measures


1. Safety Induction Training

Site location and general information of the project. Information about key personnel at site. Key Elements of H & S policy (A COPY TO BE

DISTRIBUTED). Duties and Responsibilities of Employers/Employees. Safety Awareness talks/Tool box talks. Importance of PPE (Safety Harness/Hard Hat/Safety

Shoe/Hand Gloves/Ear Plugs/ Goggles etc). Emergency Procedures and reporting system in case

of FIRE/ACCIDENT. Welfare facilities on site -FIRST AID ROOM/LUNCH

ROOM/REST ROOM/CANTEEN/ WATER COOLERS/WASHING AREA/ TOILETS/ URINALS etc.

Protection of employees and others from the hazardous activities such as: Plant, Machineries & Equipments. Working at Heights- Shuttering/de- shuttering Scaffoldings/ladders/ Scissor Lift / Boom

Loader Concreting / Roof work/ plastering/ painting/

block work etc.

Electricity- Power tools Hand Tools/Cartridge and pneumatic power

tools. Lifting Tools and Tackles. PTW System Handling/ storage of Hazardous material in

construction (COSHH). Reporting of Unsafe Acts/ Conditions/ Near

misses. Fire prevention/Location of Fire extinguisher/

Emergency Assembly point. Information signs/ warning signs and their

meanings in different languages. Safety Motivation schemes. Prohibition and restrictions on Photography,

Horseplay, fighting, sleeping, smoking, alcohol and drugs.

Vehicle entry and site security procedure. Other project specific Instructions

Sa

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Ind

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Train

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- Co

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All the employees to receive a detailed HSE induction training which includes site safety rules, site specific hazards, emergency procedures and key contacts.

An induction sticker along with ID card should be issued to each employee after induction training.


POWER TOOLS

LIFTING TOOLS & TACKLES

PTW TRAINING

HOT WORK - GAS CYLINDER

MSDS – CHEMICAL

DRIVING SAFETY

JOB SPECIFIC TRAINING

3RD PARTY SAFETYTRAINING

CRANE OPERATOR

SIGNALMAN

FIRST AIDER

SCAFFOLDINGS

FIRE WARDEN

CRADLE OPERATOR

MEWP OPERATOR

SAFETY POLICY

WORKING AT HEIGHT

EXCAVATION

FIRE SAFETY

EMERGENCY EVACUATION

HEAT STRESS

WORKING ON SCAFFOLDS

LADDER SAFETY

PPE TRAINING

ACCIDENT / NEARMISS

MANUAL HANDLING

ELECTRICAL SAFETY

GENERAL SAFETY TRAINING

Training Topics – not limited but may include


Reinforcing safe behavior in the minds of employees, by

means of positive motivational schemes, is a vital factor in

any management system to sustain their interest.

It increases the awareness, interest, and willingness of

employees to act in ways that increase their personal

safety, and that of co-workers, and that support an

organization’s stated goals and objectives

The use of incentives, awards, certification, and

recognition to motivate employees to perform safely is an

established tool.

Motivation Techniques – Incentive Scheme

Incentives are rewards with some strings attached,

commonly known as the carrot and stick approach


A major responsibility of line management, with the

safety & health professional’s assistance, is to motivate

workers to follow safe practices & procedures.

Motivation – Incentive Scheme

Supervisors Duty:

Ensure your under working employees have

attended all required safety training / toolbox

meetings

Encourage them to give suggestion / report

nearmiss/ accidents /

Discourage Unsafe Actions

Criteria

for Safety

Incentive

Scheme


Safety Day / Safety Award Ceremony

Individual project and their team can be awarded with Safety Trophy. The award must be decided based on the HSE performance rating which can be evaluated through effective HSE Audit procedures. This award can be celebrated among the project team. Safety Quiz, Contest, Safety Exhibition can be organized and winners can be rewarded.


While we believe that Health and Safety at work places can be achieved through Engineering Control, Educating the workforce and Encouraging safe practices.

We also ensure to discourage unsafe practices and violations through appropriated disciplinary actions for the violators/offenders.

Tools to discourage unsafe behaviors

- Verbal Warning

- Written Warning Notice

- Wage deduction

- Suspension from site for the period less than 10 days

Motivation - Disciplinary action


1. Smoking at undesignated smoking zone

2. Employee at site without Safety Induction

3. Employee without Safety shoe & Helmet

4. Employees not using task specific PPE

5. Unauthorized person working on equipment

6. Person on unsafe/incomplete scaffold

7. Working/standing @ unsafe height/edge

8. Failure to follow Permit-To-Work system

9. Tool Box Talk not conducted

10. Equipment use without 3rd party inspection

11. Horseplay or Manhandling

12. Over-speeding while driving vehicle in site

13. Mis-handling of Safety equipments

14. Failure to report Incident or Near-miss

15. Eating/sleeping/resting @ un-defined areas

16. Urinating at places other than toilets.

Commonly observed safety violations

WORKPLACE HAZARDS

& SOLUTIONS

WORKPLACE HAZARDS & SOLUTIONS

COMMON HAZARDS PRESENT AT SITE

1. Housekeeping

2. Fire

3. Working at height

Ladders ,

Scaffold,

Fall protection while work at height

MEWP

4. Electrical safety

5. Lifting & rigging

6. Manual Handling

7. Environmental hazards

1. HOUSEKEEPING

1. Include the removal of generated debris from the area in the activity itself.

2. Ensure that the access are clear from any obstruction,

3. Material should be stacked adequately.

4. Adequate number of waste skip, food waste bins, chemical waste area to be maintained at site.

5. The construction waste should be removed from the site on regular basis.

6. Depute a dedicate housekeeping team for common areas.

A Place for everything and everything is in its place.

Poor housekeeping is a major cause of slips, trips and falls.

A tidy site and workplace means: You can

• get to your place of work more easily and quickly.

• work efficiently

• find your tools and materials easily

How to maintain good housekeeping?


2. FIRE

FIRE is a big hazard at

construction site, it kills and

injuries people, destroys

property and may seriously

disrupt production and the

construction process.

Practical steps can be taken to

prevent and minimize the risk of

fire in the site.


A composition of Fuel, oxygen and heat is set out as Fire


JLT – C1 Tower

18th January 2007

12:30 pm

CUASE

• UNSAFE HOTWORK IN

LIFT SHAFT

fire in fortune.wmv

FIRE - cause


1. Hot work– Welding, Cutting etc.

2. Overheating of machineries

3. Electric short circuit and

overloading

4. Improper storage of Flammable

& Combustible liquids

5. Poor Housekeeping

6. Careless Smoking

7. Arson

Poor safety practices cause FIRE

1. Adequate Fire Safety training

2. Effective PTW for all hot work

3. Good maintenance of electrical equipments

4. Restriction of smoking.

5. Sufficient Fire Points

6. Deputing competent security to avoid ARSON

7. Good housekeeping, Proper storage and clean up of combustible and flammable liquids

8. Regular FIRE Safety inspection in site and camps.

FIRE - Prevention


EVERY EMPLOYEE & VISITORS MUST KNOW

The department / Area emergency procedures and

evacuation routes / Fire Exit.

Locations of extinguishers in your area and How to use

The location of FIRE ALRAM & How to raise

the ALRAM

The local Emergency

Contacts – FIRE 997, Police-999, Ambulance - 998

The location of Assembly

point

FIRE - Fighting


A Class Fire (solid ) - Free burning materials, paper, wood, plastics etc

B Class Fire ( Liquid- Hydrocarbon ) - petrol, diesel, kerosene etc.

C Class Fire (Gas ) – LPG, Acetylene, methane, hydrogen etc

D Class Fire (Metal) - potassium, sodium, magnesium etc.

E Class Fire-( Electrical Hazards) - energized electrical equipment. As long as it’s “plugged in.”

FIRE CLASS FIRE

EXTINGUISHER

Know How to use Fire Extinguishers – P A S S


Know Fire Emergency Response– R A C E

R – “Rescue” any person/s in immediate danger (only if safe to do so)

A – “Alarm” Raise the alarm & follow emergency procedure

C – “Contain” Close doors / windows to contain the FIRE

E – “Extinguish” attempt to extinguish the fire

../../TRAINING - -MATRIX - MODULES/Desktop/FIRE SAFETY TRN FOR SECURITY/fire_extinguisher_accident__2_.pdf


FIRE – Emergency Evacuation

Need for a systematic Fire Evacuation Plan & Fire Drill?

Inadequate Fire Training may leads to this


ON DISCOVERY OF FIRE FOLLOWING ACTION WILL BE TAKEN IMMEDIATELY

1. Stay calm, do not panic.

2. Shout FIRE, FIRE and raise alarm.

3. Inform others who may be in danger.

4. Shut down your equipment safely

5. With the minimum of personal risk, attack the

FIRE

6. In the event that the fire can not be extinguished,

evacuate the building using one of the designated

“Exit” routes and go to nearest “ASSEMBLY

POINT”

7. Inform Safety Dept / PM / CM

DO NOT USE LIFT/HOIST.

DO NOT RE-ENTER THE AREA UNLESS DECLARED SAFE.

FIRE – Emergency Evacuation

3.Working at Height

Working at height is always a

high-risk activity.

Falls are the largest cause of

accidental death in the

construction industry

It needs to be avoided by

provision of suitable access

equipment being properly used.


It means work in any place, including a place at or below ground level or when a person is accessing or exiting from such a place (except via a staircase in a permanent workplace) where if regulatory measures are not taken, a person could fall a distance likely to cause personal injury.

Most of Fall accidents occurred due to fall from less height


a. Fall of person

Falls from a higher level

Falls to a lower level

Falls to the same level

Slips / Trips

b. Fall of material

Throwing tool, Fall from unprotected edge / openings

Working at height - Hazards

Cause of Fall Hazards:

From Ladders,

Through gaps or holes in working platforms (Scaffold etc),

From unprotected edge of floor or floor opening

Through fragile materials and whilst accessing areas.


Working at Height- Hazards

Collapse of scaffold

Fall from Ladder

Fall from Scaffold

Fall of materials

Fall from unprotected edge

Leading cause of accident

scaffold accidents clips/SCAFFOLDCOLLAPSE.wmv

scaffold accidents clips/Aladderfall.wmv

scaffold accidents clips/FALLFRM FIXED SCAFFOLDS.wmv


1. Do not work at height unless it is essential;

2. Ensure that the working platform is

Secure & Stable; Footed on stable

ground/support/structure; support the weight of those persons using

it and any materials; and There is adequate working space to

undertake the work;

3. Ensure that all open edges are protected by

use of guard rails, barriers, etc.

4. Ensure suitable fall protection and give

priority to collective Fall Protection over

personal.

Working at height - Prevention

Prevention of Falls:

../MUMTAZ HSE DEPT/SAFETY COLLECTION/WORKING AT HEIGHT/SCAFFOLDSS/PPTS - SCAFFOLDS/CUP-LOCK SCAFFOLD.ppt


Scaffolds An elevated, temporary work platform.

Scaffolds – Hazards & Cause

1. Collapse of scaffolds – Missing tie /

Bracing, Inadequate foundation

2. Fall from scaffolds – Unguarded work

platforms, Damaged planks, gaps

3. Fall of materials – Missing toe boards /

Gaps in platform, Over height of

materials at edge, loose materials at

unprotected edge

1. Erected, modified and dismantled by competent scaffolders only.

2. Erected on firm ground available with sole plate and base plate.

3. Safe means of access and egress

4. Fully planked Scaffold platform and at least 600mm in width.

5. Suitably tied with the structure

6. All platforms with guard rails (Top Rail, Mid Rail), and toe board

7. All four side Bracing

8. Scafftag to identify safe & unsafe scaffolding

Competent person should formally inspect scaffolding

after initial erection, after significant alteration, after any

destabilizing event, and at least once 7 days

SAFE UNSAFE


What make a SAFE and Complete Scaffolds


What make a SAFE and Complete Scaffolds

Mounted on castor wheels and are hazardous.

1. Erected, modified and dismantled by competent scaffolders only.

2. Height of the mobile tower shall not exceed 4 times the smallest base width.

3. Use outriggers in accordance with manufacturer

4. Used only on firm, level, clean surfaces.

5. Moved on leveled surfaces only by pushing or pulling or both.

6. Provision of internal ladder with trap door.

For Rolling the scaffold: 1. Make sure that the path is clear, no

material/person on the platform. Then unlock the wheels to push the scaffold

2. Apply the force no more than five feet above the ground.

3. Re-Lock the wheels when move ends / scaffold is stationary

What make a Safe Mobile Scaffolding:-

Scaffold casters and wheels shall be locked before any one is allowed to work on the platform. These casters shall be capable of supporting the safe working load of the scaffold.


Mobile Scaffolds

Moving Tower with person/ material on it.

Overloading of Scaffold Platform

Frame used as access

Missing Brick Guard causes material fall

Mobile Scaffolds


Major cause of mobile scaffold accidents

Ladder should be used as a means of access and for short period of work.

1. The angle - between 65 – 750 to the horizontal (1 : 4) ‘four up, one down’

2. Extend at least 1 m ( 3 ft) above the step-off point.

3. Must be tied at the level of the platform.

4. Firm & fitted with a non-slippery foot hold.

5. No rung should be missing.

6. Rungs / step shall be clear of oil / grease etc.,

What make a safe ladder:-


Ladders

- Avoid working off a ladder for long time

- Secure top & bottom of ladder when using as access of platform

- Make sure that only one person at a time is on the ladder.

- Don’t carry materials in your hand while using ladders

Many falls occur while ascending to / or descending from the ladder

Maintain three point contacts two hands & one foot or two

feet & one hand.

Face the ladder when ascending or descending.

Safe method for getting on / off ladder – 3 Points Contact Rule

Clean muddy or slippery footwear, check the rung for

slippery surface

Don't use makeshift ladder. Don’t use metal ladder near

energized electrical

equipments

Don’t stretch or reach

beyond the side rails of

ladder.

Never stand any higher

than the third step from

the top of a ladder.


Ladders


Edge Protection means a barrier erected to prevent employees from falling to lower levels.

1. Must withstand 200 pound force

2. Constructed by competent team

3. Constructed of suitable materials – Steel Pipes, Steel Wire ropes

4. Tied and anchored using standard means – Post , U-clamps

Examples of Edge Protection


Using 10mm wire rope – 3 lines GI Pipes, Vertical Posts, Timber as Toe board

Using timber Combined with table formwork


UNSAFE SAFE

While Form work

After Slab concreting


UNSAFE SAFE

Floor openings – MEP openings

Lift Shaft openings

ERECTION OF SECONDARY BEAMS

Access Ladder

Fully boarded platforms

LIFE LINES ERECTION WITH ATLEAST THREE CLAMP


Fall protection while formwork

Means of access, Fully boarded platform

Use of Safety harness with anchorage

100% tie off by using twin lanyard

Edge Protection fixed with Table Form


Fall protection while Steel Structure work

Additional Hazards - Fall of structure, Crush in

between two steel members, Complex to provide fall

protection

1. Secured steel members

2. Fixed / Rolling scaffolds or MEWP (Mobile Elevated Platform) such cherry picker, Scissor lift to be used.

3. Provision of Safe access and egress

4. Provision of life line for anchoring harness

5. Use of Safety harness with anchorage

6. Safety Nets

7. Edge protection after sheeting work


Fall protection while roof work

More workers fall to their deaths from, or through, roofs.

Fragile area, slopes are additional

hazards, while working at roof (height).

1. Means of access, roof ladders

2. Provision of lifelines at work area

3. Use of Safety harness with anchorage

4. Safety Nets

5. Edge protection / Warnings

6. Closed / Guarded openings – Skylights etc


Fall arrest system

PFAS – Safety Harness, Self retractors etc CFAS – Safety Net , Fans , Air bags, Edge protection system

PFAS: means a system used to arrest an employee in a fall

from a working level.

It consists: an anchorage, connectors, Dee Ring, a body

belt or body harness and may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline, or suitable combinations of these.

Connector Dee Ring Harness Lanyard Self retractor –

Deceleration

Device

Grab system –

Vertical lifeline

Effective January 1, 1998, body belts were prohibited as a fall arrest device.


Fall arrest system

What all do we consider before using PFAS?

Free-Fall Distance

Total Fall Distance

Anchorage Point Strength and Location

Therefore,

a. Anchor the harness above your

shoulder height with a strong anchor

point which can sustain your weight.

b. provision of suitable anchorage points

c. Training on how to use PFAS

The anchor point must be able to support at least 5000 pounds.


Fall of materials

Cause –

Throwing tool, Use of unsafe tools,

Unsafe Scaffolds - Missing toe boards / Gaps in platform, Over height of materials at edge,

Loose materials at unprotected edge

Prevention–

1. Use of safe tools

2. Restricting throw of tools and materials

3. Use of tool pouch & tool lanyard

4. Use of ropes with bucket to get material at

higher level.

5. Safe scaffolds with toe guard & edge

protection

6. Keeping materials away from leading edges


MEWP

Such as Telescopic boom - Cherry pickers, scissor lifts, etc.

1. Trained competent and physically capable operator

2. Six monthly inspections by 3RD Party. 3. Must be used on level, stable ground. 4. Fully Extended Outriggers 5. Follow SWL (Safe work load) 6. Regular maintenance as per supplier

instructions 7. The user of any MEWP must inspect the

safety critical items before each use - tyres, brakes, alarms, hydraulics, and any other critical systems.

8. Operators and passengers must wear a full body harness and have this clipped securely to the platform at all times.

It is prohibited to leave the basket at any time whilst elevated. Planks, ladders etc should not be used to gain extra reach or height.

are designed to provide a temporary working platform which can be easily moved from one location to another.


MEWP – MOBILE ELEVATED WORKING PLATFROM


Electrical Safety

The hazard of electricity includes Burn, Shock, Arc, FIRE and Electrocution.

The dangers are particularly increased where electrical equipment is used to adverse conditions, on site in wet or damp areas, or where voltage is more lethal.

Causes of Electrical Failure 1. Damaged Insulation, Poor cable routing, 2. Inadequate over-current protection (fuses, RCDs etc) 3. Inadequate earthling 4. Overheated apparatus 5. Earth leakage current 6. Loose contacts and connectors, 7. Unprotected connectors 8. Overloading, 9. Improper ELCBs, 10. Incompetent workers, Unauthorized repair, 11. Carelessness and complacency 12. Poor maintenance and testing 13. working in wet areas, improper sockets,

Electricity is another major hazard which can injure, kill and destroy company assets, and also is often the main source of FIRE


Electrical Safety


Electrical Safety -

Prevention

1. Avoid “live” working

2. Ensure good insulation / enclosure of live conductors

3. Isolation (LOTO) and earthing of conductors

4. ELCBs on 30 mA tripping current rating.

5. Maintain a safe distance from live conductors

6. Maintenance and testing

7. Suitable selection of equipment (Cables, Industrial Sockets

etc)

8. Avoid overloading – implement one plug – one socket

9. Maintenance, testing and Inspection (Power tools, DBs etc)

10. Avoid cable under water / oil – Cable route management,

11. Rain hood for DBs

12. Competent Electricians -Only authorized repairs

13. Sufficient training and supervision

DON’T Operate switches with hands wet

with water or flammable materials.


Lifting & Rigging

The hazard of electricity includes Overturn of Crane, Collision with structure, Overhead Electrical Hazards, Load fail, Material damage, Personal injury etc

Causes of Crane Failure 1. Untrained Operator & Signalmen 2. Poor condition of Cranes and lifting tools 3. Not following manufacturer instructions 4. Not following Load Limit – SWL 5. Overloading - Placing crane on uneven surface. 6. Poor communication between crane operator and

signalmen 7. Improper slinging 8. Coming under suspended load 9. Swinging of loads – non use of tagline 10. Dragging / Pulling loads using crane 11. Not maintaining regular maintenance and inspection

schedule 12. Working in adverse weather condition – High wind

speed

The cranes are widely used in construction industries for material handling – lifting & shifting


Lifting & Rigging


Lifting & Rigging

Prevention 1. Comply with the manufacturer's specifications 2. Follow safe work load – load capacity, angle

according to load chart 3. Valid 3rd party certification for all lifting tools –

Crane, Slings, Shackles etc 4. Trained crane operator and dedicated signalmen

for each crane 5. Hand signals those prescribed by ANSI standard

for the type of crane in use. 6. Competent person inspect all machinery and

equipment: prior to each use,

and during use,

7. Must be uniformly leveled and located on firm

footing.

8. Riggers should check load, centre of gravity, use

correct slings, softeners where necessary

9. Respect the weather condition – Wind speed

Only one man should give signal. If hand signal is not visible to operator

Walkie talkie can be used.

Tandem Lift – Where two cranes used to lift a major structure


Tandem Lift – Decrease 25% of total SWL of two cranes


Use tagline to

control the loads

Stay away from slings

when they are being

pulled out

Know the Sling Capacity -

SWL Do not stand under

suspended load


Manual Handling

The hazard of Manual handling includes Low back pain, Hand injuries, Slip & Trip etc

Causes 1. Improper lifting 2. Twist & Jerk 3. Overweight of loads 4. Bulky loads 5. Insufficient Environment – Lighting, Floors, Steps,

Access 6. Awkward position

Back Injuries are the 2nd-most common workplace problem

Prevention

Carrying the load

1. Hold the load close so you can see over it.

2. Keep the load balanced.

3. Avoid twisting the body

4. Watch out for pinch points -- doorways, etc.

5. Face the way you will be moving.


Manual Handling

Prevention 1. Plan the lift. 2. Know the weight of the material to

be lifted. 3. Use mechanical aids wherever

possible. 4. If load is heavy or awkward - get

help. 5. Adopt a good posture to keep the

back straight. 6. Get a firm grip of the load. 7. Carry out lifting movement smoothly.

Do not jerk,. 8. Move the feet- don’t twist the trunk. 9. Keep the load close to the trunk. 10.Position feet, shoulder width apart,

giving a balanced and stable base for lifting.

11.Wear PPE.

Plan the Lift Get Help if Needed.

Lift With the Legs


Lift With the Legs -- NOT THE BACK.

Carry the load

Correct

Manual

Handling

Get Help with

heavy or

awkward

loads!

Use the

right

tools!

Quiz 1. LIST Two mandatory PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) required to

wear while entering site? 2m

2. Write THREE Kind of incidents needs to be reported? – 3m

3. What are the THREE components of Fire Triangle? -3m

4. What is P A S S / What is R A C E 4m – It is related to FIRE

5. What are the TWO Major hazards while working at height ? – 2m

6. What makes a SAFE SCAFFOLDS, Write any FOUR? / Write FOUR

preventive measures while using Crane for Lifting? 4m

7. Write THREE don'ts of Mobile Scaffolds? / THREE don'ts of LADDER? 6m

8. T / F – Safety Belt can be used instead of Safety Harness -2m

9. T / F – We should always Lift load with our legs not with the back – 2m

10. T / F – At a time from one location 2 or more person can give signals to

crane operator. 2m

Answer 1. Safety Helmet and Safety Shoes

2. Fire, First Aid Case, Property Damage

3. Oxygen, Fuel, Sources of ignition

4. P A S S – Pull the pin, Aim Low, Squeeze handle, Sweep side by side. /

R A C E – Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish

5. Fall from height, fall of materials

6. What makes a SAFE SCAFFOLDS, Write any FOUR?

a. Erected, modified and dismantled by competent scaffolders only.

b. Erected on firm ground available with sole plate and base plate.

c. Safe means of access and egress

d. Fully planked Scaffold platform and at least 600mm in width.

e. Suitably tied with the structure

f. All platforms with guard rails (Top Rail, Mid Rail), and toe board

g. All four side Bracing

h. Scafftag to identify safe & unsafe scaffolding

Answer

/ Write FOUR preventive measures while using Crane for Lifting? Any four

a. Comply with the manufacturer's specifications b. Follow safe work load – load capacity, angle according to load chart c. Valid 3rd party certification for all lifting tools – Crane, Slings, Shackles etc d. Trained crane operator and dedicated signalmen for each crane e. Hand signals those prescribed by ANSI standard for the type of crane in

use. f. Competent person inspect all machinery and equipment:

prior to each use,

and during use,

g. Must be uniformly leveled and located on firm footing.

h. Riggers should check load, centre of gravity, use correct slings, softeners

where necessary

i. Respect the weather condition – Wind speed

7. Write THREE don'ts of Mobile Scaffolds?

- Don’t move mobile scaffold with person / material on it

- Don’t overload the mobile scaffold

- Don’t use frame as access

/ THREE don'ts of LADDER?

a. Never stand any higher than the third step from the top of a ladder.

b. Don’t stretch or reach beyond the side rails of ladder.

c. Don’t use metal ladder near energized electrical equipments

d. Don’t use makeshift ladders

8. T / F – Safety Belt can be used instead of Safety Harness -FALSE

9. T / F – We should always Lift load with our legs not with the back – TRUE

10. T / F – At a time from one location 2 or more person can give signals to

crane operator. FALSE

Answer

END OF SESSION 2

session 2 general safety requirements

Education