digitization and unbounded innovation

a brief history of digital camera

more than 2/3 of mobile phones are

with camera

in 2004, camera phone sales exceeded the sales of digital and

film-based cameras combined

the world largest camera

manufacturer?

Nokia

#1 destination of digital photos?

#2 destination

evolution of meaning

recording

sharing

a historical perspective

IT moving from backend to front-end

Four Waves of Organizational

Computing

Organizational

value from

technology

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Data processing wave

Micro wave

Network wave

Ubiquitous wave

This is where we are now!

key changes in technology

from dumb to smart

from big to small

from stand-alone to networked

from narrowband to broadband

from fixed to wireless

from circuit-based to packet-switching

memory capacity is not an issue

digital revolution

microprocessor

$222 $.27

1992 2008

1 gigabyte memory

$569 $.13

1992 2008

1 giga byte transmission

$1,197 $130

1999 2008

digitization of tools

and works

digitization of products

digitization of contents

digitization of time & space

digitization of relationship

digitization of triviality

radical digitalization

in all dimensions of human experiences

place

time

things peopleexperiences

tight coalescence

between digital and

physical materiality

ubiquity of digital presence

familiar images of computing

new images of computing

experiences

what does this all mean?

old computing paradigm

re-presenting the “real” world in

computers

1:1 corresponding ontology

the imagined world

material world

representational world

imaginary world

tight coalescence across these three

realms

think about this example

seven properties of digitized artifacts

programmable

communicable

memorize-able

addressable

sense-able

traceable

associable

so, what about digital technology

3 characteristics

1.

Von Neumann Computing Architecture

reprogrammable general purpose tool

separation of physical device (terminal) and logic (service)

2.

IP network: general purpose communication

network

separation of medium

& contents

homogenization of data

3.

self-reference in digital computing

affordable computers as the primary production tool

no need for aggregated resources

for innovation

anyone can be an innovator

Device  Layer

Service  Layer

Contents  Layer

Network  Layer

Physical  transport

Logical  transmission

Physical  machinery

Logical  device  OS

a layered architecture of digitalized product

modularityvs.

layers

modular

to reduce complexity

part-whole

fixed meaning

dominant product architecture

Sustainingtechnology

Disruptive technology

time

performance / price

ferment

take-off

maturity

disruption

layers

to induce generativity

general-special

fluid meaning

competing product architectures

product evolution

product evolution

unbounded innovation

understanding the meaning of products

physical product is a scaffolding

explore the service