session4.3 tiwag martin schletterer

Aosta 24.05.2012

Hydropower and Water Framework Directive Outputs from the 2nd Workshop on Water Management, WFD & Hydropower (Brussels September 2011)

Multi criteria analyses (e.g. EIA)

Hydropower & Water Framework Directive Aosta 24.05.2012 Folie 2 Dr. Schletterer (TIWAG)

Inhalt/Agenda

I. Hydropower in the framework of renewable energies

II. Study on hydropower (DG Environment)

III. Facts from Austria

IV. MCA – Construction of new hydropower plants (EIA)

V. Conclusions


Hydropower in the framework of renewable energies

Renewable energy in the EU-27

- 10 % of energy

- 16 % of electric consumption (60 % hydropower)

Renewable Energies Directive: important role of renewables for achieving

the objective of reducing greenhouse gas emissions whithin the EU (potential

for greenhouse gas reductions of about 12% from 2005 to 2020)

//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Ren2008.svg



Nowadays hydropower is more than 50% of RES-electricity

will be around 30% in 2020

Moderate increase in hydropower (2010 – 2020): Around 25 TWh (8%)

consisting of 17.5 TWh large, 6.0 TWh medium and 1.5 TWh small hydro

Source: DG Energy (EC)



Source: Kampa et al. 2011 (Issue paper, EC)




Current electricity production from hydropower and from

renewable energy sources as a percentage of total national

electricity production (%)




Total national electricity production from hydropower as a

percentage of total electricity production from renewable

energy sources (currently and in 2020) (%)


Study on hydropower (DG Environment)

Objectives: understanding of the

interlinkages between WFD and

hydropower development with the

aim to support integration

Overview of current and future contribution of the

HP sector for achieving the RES targets

Overview of environmental impacts of HP

generation and influence of environmental

legislation,

Overview of strategic planning approaches in EU

Member States




Electricity production from renewable energy sources (left graph)

and hydropower (right graph) currently and in 2020 (GWh/y)




Legal requirements for environmental improvement




Percentage of HMWB designated

due/linked to hydropower in

relation to total HMWB (%)

Percentage of HMWB in relation

to total number of surface water

bodies (%)




Legal requirements for environmental improvement



Implementation of environmental improvement requires

monitoring:

-linking existing requirements to WFD requirements for

GES/GEP achievement

- Monitoring and data improvements, e.g. with respect to the

effectiveness of fish passes

- further technical research

- Hydropeaking mitigation R&D projects running

- …


Some of the major impacts of hydropower stations:

hydropower has been identified as one of several drivers for

hydromorphological alterations

the barrier function together with damage and mortality of fish species

modified flows and habitat conditions

changed sediment patterns

the changes in nutrient and physico-chemical conditions

Many of these impacts can be mitigated with

restoration and mitigation measures.



Mitigation measures need adaption to local conditions (case-by-case)

installation of fish passes + fish protection facilities

setting minimum ecological flow requirements

mitigation of disruption of flow dynamics,

the attenuation of hydropeaking

sediment and debris management to avoid flooding and degradation due to

downstream erosion



Facts from Austria

Source: Austrian Federal Ministry of Agriculture,

Forestry, Environment and Water Management


Construction of new hydropower plants (EIA)

Bundesgesetz über die Prüfung der

Umweltverträglichkeit (Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfungsgesetz 2000 idgF kurz UVP-G)

„Austrian EIA-law“

assessing direct and indirect effects of a

project, concernign following topics….


Human

Animals, Plants and their habitats

– Animals and their habitats

– Plants and their habitats

– Limnology

Soil

Water

– Surface waters

– Groundwater

Air & Climate

Landscape

Cultural and infrastructural elements


Factors changed by the project

Noise

Vibrations

Air pollution

Electromagnetic fields

Hydrology

Bedload

Basic dataset

Geology

Hydrogeology

Natural hazards

Traffic



RVS 04.01.11, Umweltuntersuchung

www.fsv.at (Österr. Forschungsgesellschaft Straße – Schiene – Verkehr)

Beurteilung der sektoralen Eingriffsauswirkungen (je FB)

1. Schritt – Einstufung der Sensibilität

2. Schritt – Einstufung der Eingriffsintensität

3. Schritt – Beurteilung der Eingriffserheblichkeit

(Belastung/Verbesserung)

4. Schritt – Maßnahmenentwicklung

5. Schritt – Ermittlung der Verbleibenden Umwelt-Auswirkungen

Sektorale Gesamtbeurteilung

Gesamtbeurteilung der Eingriffsauswirkungen (UVE)

Wechselwirkungen zwischen den Fachbeiträgen

„Integrative Zusammenschau“

http://www.fsv.at/


Conclusions

Renewable Energies Directive (RES-e)

achieving a 20% share of energy

from renewable sources by 2020

Water Framework Directive (WFD):

achieving good ecological status/potential

in surface waters and groundwater by 2015

The challenge: Balancing requirements of 2 directives


Conclusions

Hydropower is an important source of

renewable electricity in the EU

A recent study commisioned by DG ENV

estimated that hydropower could be reduced

by only 8-9 TWh (2.3 – 2.6% of total hydro)

because of ecological mitigation required by

the WFD

BUT also found that refurbishment can lead

to both ecological mitigation AND increased

production of hydropower


Thanks for your attention!

session4.3 tiwag martin schletterer

Technology

wfd hydropower brussels

water management

issue paper

energy ecaosta

environment legal requirements

environment percentage

environment objectives

wfd requirements