seti supplement (23)

8/3/2019 SETI Supplement (23)

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MDAW 2011 SETI SupplTaxter-Kap

SETI Supplement

SETI Supplement.......................................................................................... 12AC AT: T—Exploration ......................... ............................ ...................... .....22AC AT: T—Substantial ...............................................................................32AC AT: T—Space .......................... ............................. ............................ .....42AC AT: Privatization CP ............................ ............................ ............... ...... .52AC AT: Privatization CP ............................ ............................ ............... ...... .62AC AT: Privatization CP .............................................................................7

2AC AT: Aliens Hostile .......................... ............................ ...................... ......82AC AT: Aliens Hostile .................................................................................82AC AT: Politix ......................... ............................ .......................... ...... ...... .102AC AT: Politix ......................... ............................ .......................... ...... ...... .112AC AT: Cap K .......................... ............................. ............................ .........122AC AT: Cap K .......................... ............................. ............................ .........132AC AT: China ........................ ............................. ...................... ...... ...... .....142AC AT: Disclosure Bad ............................................................................152AC AT: FAST Solves in the SQ .......................... .................... ...... ...... ......162AC AT: Russia CP ........................... ............................ ........................... ...17Conspiracy Theory Good ...........................................................................18SETI key to international cooperation/Exopolitics ......................... ..............19SETI Heg Addon ........................... ............................. .................. ...... ...... ...20SETI Heg Addon ........................... ............................. .................. ...... ...... ...21T—SETI isn't substantial............................................................................. 22Conspiracy Theory Bad .......................... ............................. ........................23

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2AC AT: T—Exploration

A. We meet as plan enables humans to explore space physically in the future using alien techand our plan projects human’s presence into space, just not bodies.

B. Counterdefinition: Exploration is anything that seeks to answer questions about space,including the existence of other life.

NASA’s Guiding Principles for Exploration,“The Vision for Space Exploration” 2004,http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/55583main_vision_space_exploration2.pdf)

NASA Guiding Principles for Exploration: Pursue Compelling Questions: Exploration of the solar systemand beyond will be guided by compelling questions of scientific and societal importance. NASAexploration programs will seek profound answers to questions about the origins of our solar system, whether life exists beyond Earth, and how we could live on other worlds.

C. Counterstandards:

1) Fair Limits: Fairly limits both teams to acceptable amount of ground.2) Education: The variety of cases allowed by our definition encourages research and

learning about a wide range of topics.3) Field Context: This definition comes from NASA, which specifically deals with

space exploration.4) Clash Checks Abuse: We are able to debate this with evidence supporting both

sides; the fact that we are able to support these arguments under the resolutionproves that we fall under it and are therefore topical.

5) Lit Checks Abuse: Neg came prepared with case-specific arguments for our case,obliviously knowing it is topical. They would not have any response if it wasn’ttopical.

6) Time Skew: They know this is topical, just wasting our time. Ruins actuallyeducational debate as spend time responding to this.

B. Voter on Education, Fairness and Clash.

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2AC AT: T—Substantial

A. We meet their definition as our Cokions 11 card makes it clear that SETI’s budget was cutby 90%. Our plan calls for fully funding SETI, so even just returning to their early fundingwould be a 1000% increase, a considerable amount.

B. Counterdefinition: Substantially means at least 80-90 percent.Curtin 03 (United States Circuit Judge of the Western District of New York, Gateway Equip. Corp. v. United

States, 247 F. Supp. 2d 299, lexis)The regulations do not define "substantially," "limited," or "impaired." The government cites Webster's Ninth New

College Dictionary for the definitions of "limit" and "impairment" as suggesting "meanings equivalent to restriction and

reduction, respectively." Item 30, p. 3, n.1. It posits that the word "substantially" suggests "an order of magnitude equivalent to 80% or 90%." Id. It concludes that "using those definitions, 'substantially limited' and'substantially impaired' means that there must be an 80%-90% restriction and/ or reduction of use by virtue of the design of the CB-4000." Id.

C. Counterstandards:1) Legal Superiority: Definition is better because we are dealing with legal matters and

should use a legal definition.2) Ground: Limiting the aff to a specific amount to be “substantial” destroys almost all

aff ground.

3) Brightline: Provides a clear line for a substantial increase, making it easy to telltopicality or not.4) Education: The variety of cases allowed by our definition encourages research and

learning about a wide range of topics.5) Time Skew: They know this is topical, just wasting our time. Ruins actually

educational debate as spend time responding to this.6) Clash Checks Abuse: We are able to debate this with evidence supporting both

sides; the fact that we are able to support these arguments under the resolutionproves that we fall under it and are therefore topical.

Counterdefinition: "Substantial" should be defined on a case-by-case basis

Edlin 02 (Aaron, Professor of Economics and Law, University of California Berkeley School of Law, January,111 Yale L.J. 941, lexis)

Might price reductions of less than twenty percent qualify as substantial? In some markets they should, and it would be

reasonable to decide substantiality on a case-by-case basis. One advantage of a bright-line rule is that itwould let incumbents know where they stand. Monopolies that price only slightly above their average cost would beinsulated from the entry of higher-cost entrants if they could credibly convey a willingness to price below the entrants' costafter entry, as illustrated in Part III. However, these monopolies do consumers little harm and may enhance marketefficiency.

Counterdefinition: Even just $5000 is a substantial development.

Revised Code of Washington 11 “Definitions and concepts.,” RCW 90.58.030, 1/3,http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=90.58.030)

(e) " Substantial development" shall mean any development of which the total cost or fair market value exceeds five thousand dollars, or any development which materially interferes with the normal public use of

the water or shorelines of the state. The dollar threshold established in this subsection (3)(e) must beadjusted for inflation by the office of financial management every five years , beginning July 1, 2007,based upon changes in the consumer price index during that time period. "Consumer price index" means, for any calendar year, that year's annual average consumer price index, Seattle, Washington area, for urban wage earners and clericalworkers, all items, compiled by the bureau of labor and statistics, United States department of labor. The office of financialmanagement must calculate the new dollar threshold and transmit it to the office of the code reviser for publication in theWashington State Register at least one month before the new dollar threshold is to take effect. The following shall not beconsidered substantial developments for the purpose of this chapter:

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2AC AT: T—Space

A. We meet their definition as SETI sends radio waves into space and far beyond our mesosphere, meeting the definition.

B. Counterdefinition: Space is the region between celestial bodies, where the radio wavesSETI listens to come from.

Thefreedictionary.com, no date (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/space, 6/23/11, JPW)

7. (Astronomy)a. the region beyond the earth's atmosphere occurring between the celestial bodiesof the universe. The density is normally negligible although cosmic rays, meteorites, gas clouds, etc., can occur. It canbe divided into cislunar space (between the earth and moon), interplanetary space, interstellar space, and intergalacticspace

C. Counterstandards:

1) Fair Limits: Fairly limits both teams to acceptable amount of ground.2) Education: The variety of cases allowed by our definition encourages research and

learning about a wide range of topics.3) Clash Checks Abuse: We are able to debate this with evidence supporting both

sides; the fact that we are able to support these arguments under the resolution

proves that we fall under it and are therefore topical.4) Lit Checks Abuse: Neg came prepared with case-specific arguments for our case,

obliviously knowing it is topical. They would not have any response if it wasn’ttopical.

5) Time Skew: They know this is topical, just wasting our time. Ruins actuallyeducational debate as spend time responding to this.

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2AC AT: Privatization CP

1st- Perm do both, perfect access to the economics of the private sector and the control andadvantages of the government, perm allows best solvency without crowding out either thegovernment or the private sector.

2nd- Perm solves best, the successes of past demand that a marriage of private andgovernment sectors be used to explore and/or develop space.

Courtney Stadd and Jeff Bingham (Stadd was President of Capitol Solutions, Bingham was Former NASAAssociate Administrator for Legislative Affairs ), “The US civil space sector: alternate futures,” November 2004,(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265964604000542)

It is important for NASA to ensure that it offers truly competitive opportunities for industry ,including start-up ventures, rather than utilizing the procurement process to prejudge the outcome for preferred suppliers of

products and services. Entrepreneurial firms are eager to respond to the $10 million small payloaddemonstration program that is intended to use emerging launch suppliers to fly unflown NASAinstruments or other small payloads, while also assisting these new firms to establish their credibilityas providers of new commercial vehicles to meet future NASA needs. The alternative tocommercial competition is that NASA and its ISS partners will continue to devote criticalattention to providing unmanned logistics support that could be done by the private sector. Thenew NASA Centennial Challenges program invests $20 million in a series of annual prizes for revolutionary, breakthrough accomplishments from innovators not usually affiliated with thespace program. (As of this writing, the Congress has failed to provide NASA with the fundsneeded to support this new initiative.) Examples of potential candidate programs include nano-materials, very low

cost robotic space missions and spacecraft power systems. It is well known that during the Apollo programbreakthrough innovations often came from unexpected private sector sources. The key to thisprogram's success, however, is to ensure minimal bureaucratic intrusion and efforts by ‘rice bowls’ (vested interests) tovector the resources into programs that perpetuate the status quo versus truly advancing unorthodox inventions and ideas.

Done right it could represent no less than a paradigm shift in how the agency works with theprivate sector. The nation's pension funds, banks and insurance companies appear to have re-energized their privateequity and debt investments into venture and other forms of capital management in the past 2 years. Venture firms areshowing signs of stability as well as a penchant for many of the nano-technology, life sciences, power sources, power technologies and other fundamental technical areas required for support of new space exploration missions [28]. In thiscontext, a number of entrepreneurs are demonstrating that the private sector can potentially augment the government's

efforts to open the space frontier for the full expression of the human enterprise. NASA officials who areresponsible for dealing with these entities must be given the freedom and support to deal withnew entrepreneurial companies in a flexible and creative fashion. At the same time, the Congress mustprovide the resources and relevant agency oversight to ensure that NASA is fulfilling its commitment to leverage privatesector opportunities to the greatest extent possible, and should also address the burden that current export control laws

place on new entrepreneurs. Various academic studies and commission reports have documented thenegative competitive effects of the current export licensing regime on the US aerospace sector.The emerging space companies often depend upon the low-cost alternatives that foreign aerospace organizations canprovide. One of the key recommendations from the Commission on the Future of the US Aerospace Industry was that “USexport control regulations must be substantially overhauled” [29]. The time has come for congress to conduct acomprehensive review of US space-related export control laws in order to identify rules that have become obsolete and hurtmore than they help both American security and business interests. Markets usually change over extended periods of time

as customers and providers become slowly educated and acclimatized to the advantages of new products and services. Acase-in-point was the slow evolution of the government marketplace before global positionsystem (GPS) applications reached “critical mass” with a global commercial customer base that began with land

surveying. A technology that began commercially as a means of long-range navigation of militaryships and planes now brings information technology-based productivity to an astonishing arrayof global infrastructures—from cell phones to trucking and aviation to power lines. The president's directionto NASA has opened new opportunities by which government and industry can learn from oneanother and thus maximize the chances that the new vision actually becomes reality while givingbirth to a robust, diverse and competitive US space industrial base with major benefits for our nation and the future of humanity. America's space entrepreneurs, who reside in both small and large companies,are poised once again to bring the promise of space to fruition. Frankly, a major challenge is whether the US governmentwill ultimately follow-through on the promise of the new policy through regulatory reform in addition to well targetedgovernment spending.

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3rd- Case outweighs the net benefit: Extend Sagan 2k that Aliens are key to avoiding our ownself destruction, and Webre 2005 that discovering aliens is key to reaching an exopoliticalmindset.

4th- The counterplan doesn’t solve the aff, the government is uniquely key to achieving their

exopolitical goal and fix the societal problems of the world“Catastrophic UFO/ET Non-Disclosure National Security Threats” Ed Komarek 7/8/09

All of us are plagued by short sightedness and government policy makers are no exception. Policymakers involved in creating and implementing super-secret extraterrestrial policy since the Truman administration,have been quick to justify and rationalize the non-disclosure of extraterrestrial realities. The shortterm justifications cited for non-disclosure have evolved from simple public panic in the early daysof the UFO cover-up to major disruptions in our social-political-economic systems and organizedreligion. Concerns have also been raised as to the importance of keeping extraterrestrial technologies out of the hands of

terrorists. As far as I can tell very little attention has ever been given to the long term National SecurityThreats involving non-disclosure. These threats revolve around the suppression of human evolutionon earth through the denial of positive ethical extraterrestrial role models for our civilization while atthe same time policy makers seem to have covertly become entangled in unethical unsavory relationships with some lessethical extraterrestrial races. There also seems to have been very little discussion of the very detrimental long term effects of

lies and deceptions perpetrated on society necessary to maintain a long term UFO/ET non-disclosure policy. An interestingexample of how non-disclosure policies may have had disastrous effects on human evolution and national security is the socalled, “burned memo”. This MJ 12 memo seems to implicate MJ 12 as playing a role in the great American tragedy theassassination of JFK. I would appear that JFK may have become aware of the potential catastrophic dangers posed by the

covert extraterrestrial non-disclosure policy and attempted a end to the UFO/ET cover-up. Highly respected major academic think tanks like the Brookings Institution have failed miserably in recognizing the long termcatastrophic consequences of a long term non-disclosure policy that has now lasted over 60 years. It wouldappear that academic think tank research and conclusions have tailored to support and rationalize false assumptions inherent inan already developed but not well thought out secret extraterrestrial policy. There seems to have been few with the courage tochallenge, confront and enlighten policy makers as to the long term catastrophic dangers involved in non-disclosure. Report

From the very beginning as indicated in leaked and declassified documents the public has been patronized,disempowered and generally been held in contempt by civilian and military leaders in charge of secretextraterrestrial non-disclosure policy. The running of counter-intelligence operations against he public to maintain non-disclosureseems to have started as early as 1947 as indicated in the Twining White Hot MJ 12 report. Another MJ 12 memo has the firsthead of the CIA Hillenkoetter congratulating MJ 12 member Donald Menzel for his newly published counterintelligence

debunking book on UFOs and mentioning the breakdown of NICAP that was later shown to have been aided and abetted by theCIA. What is so amazing is that the Truman and Eisenhower administrations seem to have beenoblivious to the long term evolutionary consequences of non-disclosure to humanity. Perhaps they just assumed that non-disclosure would be temporary and never believed there would be or should be a long

term UFO/ET cover-up. What ever the reasons for not realizing the long term national security threats of non-disclosure, all administrations have initiated and nourished a destructive, even catastrophicprocess that has been maintained to this day. Like any bad habit a destructive process such as this once initiated,

gains momentum over time and is very difficult to stop. At this late date global civilization’s very existence isbeing threatened by runaway overpopulation, environmental degradation, poverty and war. Thereseems to be precious little understanding amongst government policy makers or academic think tanks of thelinkage between these macro-problems and our collective inability to solve these problems and theextraterrestrial non-disclosure policies of the past sixty years.

5th- Do we really want the corrupt private industries to be the first ones to contact the

intergalactic government, the first contact should be made by the government representatives

6th- Corruption increases the more we allow private industry to become involved

Amitabh Sinha,Columnist for India Express, Apr 30 2011, Indian Express. “Post-1991 economic policies, privatisation root cause of corruption:

Prashant Bhushan”. http://www.indianexpress.com/news/post1991-economic-policies-privatisation-root-cause-of-corruption-prashant-bhushan/783774/0

Earlier, Roy expressed a similar opinion, slamming the economic policies of the government. “Twenty years ago, when the

era of liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation descended on us, we were told that public sector units andpublic infrastructure needed to be privatised because they were corrupt and inefficient... Now

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http://www.indianexpress.com/news/post1991-economic-policies-privatisation-root-cause-of-corruption-prashant-bhushan/783774/0






that nearly everything has been privatised... we find that corruption has grown exponentially.The growth rate of corruption has surpassed anything we could possibly imagine,” she said.


7th- Empirically Private Funding of SETI Has Failed—Lack of a National Government SponsoredProgram Results in Bloated Bureaucracy , Inefficiency, Splintered Programs and No Good

ScienceH. Paul Shuch, Ph.D. , Director of the SETI League, “A Bold Step into the Bank Vault,” December 2004(http://www.setileague.org/editor/boldstep.htm)

The whole argument for privatized SETI hinges on the proposition that individuals can doscience better, and cheaper, than governments -- that by dispensing with bureaucracy, we can apply more of our limited resources to science, and less to overhead. That philosophy served the SETI Institute (and, dare I say, The SETI

League?) rather well for the past decade. But now, privatized SETI has finally exceeded the budget of our Government-funded forebears. And we started off so well! Where, exactly, did we go wrong?

Perhaps it's that we're trying to do too much. After all, when NASA SETI was cancelled, the SETI Institutechose one specific prong -- the targeted search - to resurrect under the Project Phoenix banner. And they

were doing so on a fraction of what NASA was spending. So, logically, The SETI League chose to resurrect theother half of NASA SETI, the all-sky survey, on an even smaller fraction. Privatized SETI seemed to make sensethen.

It still does, if we don't let ourselves be drawn too far afield. But now the very SETI scientists whose talents anddedication have long inspired us are branching out. They are, as mentioned in that same article, "probing the chemical pathways

critical to life on early Earth and Mars, exploring the molecular traces microbial life might leave on the icy surface of Europa, and seeking novel biosignatures…measuring the 92-cm line of deuterium… measuring dark matter in dwarf galaxies… transitions of heavy molecules in the interstellar gas." And, they are now hard at

work building The World's Greatest Radio Telescope. No wonder they need $62 million!And what aren't they doing? At the moment, they aren't doing any microwave SETI observations. Pity. I thought that's what they were all about. Perhaps I was wrong.Sacrilege! There's long been an unwritten rule that no SETI organization should ever criticize the efforts of another, lest we cast a public pall over all of us. And I've just broken that rule (but as an individual, remember?) Am I not afraid that, as a result, the public will think less of (and be less likely to support) all SETI efforts,including our own?

Actually, that's already happening, and not because the SETI Institute's programs are not worthy. The problem stems from a persistentpublic perception that SETI is some single monolithic organization. That's not particularly thefault of the SETI Institute, but it is a reality with which they too have to contend. So,what they choose to do, to raise, and to spend reflects on us all. I hear it whenever I try to raisefunds for a SETI League project: "why are you asking me for money, when Paul Allen just gaveyou millions?" I hear it whenever I encourage individuals to get personally involved in our research: "I'm already letting

you use my computer -- you should be paying me!" And I hear it whenever I urge our elected officials toconsider renewing public support of SETI: "Why would you want that? You guys are doing so

well on your own…"Well, frankly, we're not. And if you should happen to feel my motives are suspect, my viewpoint less than totally objective, let me wholeheartedly

agree. Yes, I'm jealous of the funding apparently available to others but denied to us. Yes, it frustrates me that, while tens of millions of dollars are being poured into

the Allen Telescope Array, we can't seem to raise the piddling twenty thousand needed to finish the VerySmall Array prototype, which many of you so generously helped us to start four years ago. And yes, sour grapes doindeed go best with a grain of salt.

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2AC AT: Aliens Hostile

1) Even if we don’t win aliens good, only SETI can provide the vital intelligence necessary for any effective military action against a hostile ET.

Dugdale-Pointon, T., The Role of Intelligence in War , 22 August 2007,http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/concepts_intelligence_in_war.html

Information relating to that particular local area or engagement, for example who exactly isguarding a particular bridge or strongpoint, is there a tank or other armoured assets in the area,or the strength of a particular unit in the area. Information relating to a particular battle or campaign, units, strengths, whether a particular bridge is intact or a river crossing possible,location of enemy supply trains and depots. Such tactical intelligence became very important during theNapoleonic Wars and was one of Napoleons strengths when using his Corps system. In medieval times such as at theJapanese battle of Sekigahara and the English Battle of Bosworth it could be about which side a particular Noble wasactually going to fight for, as this could change during the course of a battle. This kind of intelligence is vital in naval warfare

as knowing where the enemy fleet is can determine the course of a battle as at the Battle of Midway. Strategicintelligence is of a yet bigger scale. This relates to a whole theatre of war or a country, itsintentions and capabilities. In the modern era this may not just be related to military power butalso economic power or intelligence relating to specific resources such as oil, minerals and evenin the 21st century access to bio fuels. During the Cold War this was focused on the ability to make and the

number of Nuclear weapons. Intelligence is of great importance but good quality intelligence can oftenbe hard to come by. Historical intelligence may have been hard to gather, even if money was available for bribes,infiltrating a foreign country which may have different language and culture is always difficult. In the modern era acquiringintelligence isn’t the problem, in fact quite the opposite - it can be sorting what intelligence is actually relevant or accurate

from a huge amount a data, this is sometimes called sorting the “Signal from the noise”. In the modern era there is avast amount of open intelligence, which is available from newspapers, TV, media and even theinternet, whereas the traditional need for covert intelligence (things your enemy doesn’t wantyou to know) still remains.

2) Even if we don’t win aliens good, an alien threat would unite globe as we forget our differencesto confront the peril, ending all wars and racial divides.A. Hovni, “Ronald Reagan's Obsession With An Alien Invasion”, UFO Universe, the September 1988 issue,http://www.theforbiddenknowledge.com/hardtruth/ronald_reagan_ufo.htmThere might be a deeper reason for Reagan's apparent interest in the idea of an alien threat. There is an unconfirmed story that before he became Governor of California, Ron andNancy had a UFO sighting on a highway near Hollywood. The story was broadcast last February on Steve Allen's radio show over WNEW-AM in New York. The comedian and hostcommented that a very well known personality in the entertainment industry had confided to him that many years ago, Ron and Nancy were expected to a casual dinner with friends inHollywood. Except for the Reagan's, all the guests had arrived. Ron and Nancy showed up quite upset half an hour later, saying that they had just seen a UFO coming down the coast.No further details were released by Steve Allen. The President first disclosed his recurrent thoughts about "an alien threat" during a December 4, 1985, speech at the Fallston High

School in Maryland, where he spoke about his first summit with General Secretary Gorbachev in Geneva. According to a White House transcript, Reagan remarked that during his 5-hour private discussions with Gorbachev, he told [Gorbachev] to think, "how easy his task andmine might be in these meetings that we held if suddenly there was a threat to this world from some other species from another planet outside in the universe. We'd forget all the little local differences that we havebetween our countries ..." Except for one headline or two, people didn't pay much attention. Not then and not later, when Gorbachev himself confirmed the

conversation in Geneva during an important speech on February 17, 1987, in the Grand Kremlin Palace in Moscow, to the Central Committee of the USSR's Communist Party. Not a

High School in Maryland, precisely! There, buried on page 7A of the 'Soviet Life Supplement,' was the following statement: "At our meeting in Geneva, the U.S.President said that if the earth faced an invasion by extraterrestrials, the United States and the Soviet Unionwould join forces to repel such an invasion. I shall not dispute the hypothesis, though I think it's early yet toworry about such an intrusion..." Notice that Gorbachev doesn't say this is an incredible proposition, he just says that it's too early to worry about it. If Gorbachev

elevated the theme from a high school to the Kremlin [palace], Reagan upped the stakes again by including the "alien threat" [again], not in a domestic speech but to a full session of the

General Assembly of the United Nations. Towards the end of his speech to the Forty-second Session on September 21, 1987, the President said that, "in our obsessionwith antagonisms of the moment, we often forget how much unites all the members of humanity. Perhaps

we need some outside, universal threat to make us recognize this common bond. "I occasionally think,"continued Reagan, "how quickly our differences worldwide would vanish if we were facing an alien threatfrom outside this world. And yet, I ask" -- here comes the clincher -- "is not an alien force ALREADY among us?" The President now tries to retreat from the last bold

statement by posing a second question: "What could be more alien to the universal aspirations of our peoples than war and the threat of war?" Unlike the off-the-cuff remarks to theFallston High School, we must assume that the President's speech to the General Assembly was written very carefully and likewise, it merits close examination. Ronald Reagan has toldus that he thinks often about this issue, yet nobody seems to be paying attention. When the President mentioned last May 4 in Chicago for the third time the possibility of a threat by "a

power from another planet," the media quickly dubbed it the "space invaders" speech, relegating it to a sidebar in the astrology flap.

2AC AT: Aliens Hostile

3) No reason for aliens ever to attack Earth: not economical or logical for any spacefaringspecie.

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http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/concepts_openint.html


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George Michael, 2011 Skeptic magazine- a journal of the skeptic society, an academic and educationalorganization, “Extraterrestrial Aliens, friends, foes, or just curious?”) ebscohost 2011

Upon closer examination, though, this scenario seems unlikely. It stretches the bounds of credulity to believethat an advanced alien civilization would come all the way to Earth for energy products. It's asafe bet that any civilization capable of traveling such long distances either by way of spacecraft and/or wormholes would not be using oil and other pre-Type I civilization energy sources. Whatis more, the transportation costs to bring the energy products back to the mother planet wouldnot be economical. Possibly, fusion reactors, or even anti-matter reactors, could be used to fuel such space vessels, in which case hydrogen, or some

isotope thereof, would be required.'* However, hydrogen is one of the most a bundant chemical elements in the universe and would thus not require interstellar travel to

obtain. Possibly, an alien civilization might want to extract minerals from other planets. Yet, itwould not be practical to come all the way to Earth for minerals. Afrer all, they could more thanlikely be found in much greater quantities on planets in their own star system or in nearby star systems. And it would be more practical to conduct strip mining on planets on which theywould not have to deal with restive denizens, such as earthlings. In short, the rarity of advanced life and the tremendous distances between civilizations suggest that there would beplenty of planets and stars for all those that were capable of exploiting such methods of resource extraction.

4) Our fear of aliens is due to projecting our behavior patterns onto aliens, fueled by our xenophobic nature: we are the true aggressors.

Billy Meier (UFO contactee of the Plejaren Federation and Prophet of the New Time.),

“Extraterrestrials“, 1997, http://futureofmankind.co.uk/meier/gaiaguys/extraterrestrials.htmYes, there are humans who have come very close to UFOs and have suffered radiation damage. But those are cases that

can clearly be classified as accidents. On the other hand, terrestrial militaries have fired on UFO’s all toooften, and in some cased even shot them down. There never was an "act of retaliation", as isusual on Earth. Just compare the "ghastliest" descriptions of alleged UFO witnesses with that which we do to other creatures or even our fellow humans. How have we, as we landed in America, behaved with the technologically inferior Indians? How many Africans did we drag off into lifelong slavery? Didn’t the Bosnians previously reciprocally massacre their own next-door neighbors? To which blood bath does a tribal feud lead in Rwanda? Or think of the acts of horror in theSoviet gulag or in Red China. Who now says, they are merely "the others“, then be asked: was not the death factory of

Auschwitz a German invention? And exactly that indicates which mechanism stands behind the alien panic:we measure them with our rulers. We project our behavior pattern onto them. We fear that theywill deal in precisely the same way that we would deal with technologically inferior peoples andother living beings. They are our projection screen, our mirror image … If extraterrestrials wanted to rule

earth they would have long since done so. They certainly would not have waited until we improved our defense systems. In

reality we are the aggressors, those who greet the friendly visitors with hunter-interceptors andour xenophobia (fear of strangers) through putting out exo-rascist propaganda films, like"Independence Day", as the expression imparts, (Note from Billy: the question about these demonizing efforts againstthe extraterrestrials is, whether the American government, military and secret service-type machinations are behind it, aswith “War of the Worlds” from Orson Welles, in order to newly stir up, and this time in a worldwide mass, angst, panic andhate in respect of the visitors from foreign worlds.) And their answer: messages of concern about our behavior, thereover,that we destroy our unique home planets. According to the ethical measures of Buddhism, the Bodhisattva qualities apply totoday. A Bodhisattva is one who has long achieved enlightenment, but has sworn to reincarnate until the last living being isredeemed. One recognizes two qualities in him: wisdom and empathy. And thereby, that he lives "ahimsa“, non-violence.That means that he has renounced the practice of retribution.

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2AC AT: Politix

1) Public opinion favors SETI, so legislators will be forced to support it.

Marc Kaufman, Official endorsements boost the search for extraterrestriallife, Washington Post, December 22, 2009

"I think there's been a real sea change in how the public views life in the universe and the searchfor intelligent life," said Jill Tarter, a founder of the nonprofit SETI Institute and the person on whomCarl Sagan's book "Contact," and the movie that followed, were loosely based."We're finding new extra-solar planets everyweek," she said. "We now know microbes can live in extreme environments on Earth thought to be impossible for life notvery long ago, and so many more things seem possible in terms of life beyond Earth."The Hat Creek array, which beganoperation two years ago, is a joint project of the SETI Institute and the nearby radio astronomy laboratory of the Universityof California at Berkeley. Made possible by an almost $25 million donation from Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen, the array isunique and on the cutting edge of radio astronomy. SETI and Berkeley share both the facility, 290 miles northeast of SanFrancisco, and all the data it collects.The dishes also represent a coming-of-age for SETI Institute enthusiasts and i ts

sometimes hailed, sometimes ridiculed mission. While their effort was long associated with UFOs, over-excited researchers and little green men, it is now broadly embraced as important and rigorousscience, and astronomers and astrobiologists in an increasing number of nations have becomeinvolved in parallel efforts."This is legitimate science, and there's a great deal of public interestin it," said Alan Stern, a former assistant administrator at NASA who, in 2007, decided thatproposals for extraterrestrial search programs should not be banned from the agency, as theyhad been since the early 1990s. The National Science Foundation had come to a similar decision a few years

before."It was not a big or difficult decision to change the policy," said Stern, who invited Tarter in to describe her program toNASA officials. "The technology and science had advanced, and so it made no sense to blockapplications."Limited search programs for intelligent extraterrestrials in the 1970s and 1980s abruptly lost their federalfunding in 1992, after NASA proposed a greater effort. Former Sen. Richard Bryan (D-Nev.) led the charge in Congress,telling the Senate at one point: "The Great Martian Chase may finally come to an end. As of today, millions have been spentand we have yet to bag a single little green fellow. Not a single Martian has said, 'Take me to your leader,' and not a singleflying saucer has applied for FAA approval."The funding was eliminated, even though SETI l istens for radio signals fromdistant planets and has nothing to do with Mars or with a supposed search for flying saucers or other space oddities.But

when NASA informed Congress that it was going to allow SETI to once again compete for funds,there were no objections, Stern said. Rita Colwell, who was director of the National Science Foundation when itapproved a small-scale SETI Institute proposal in 2004, said several prominent astronomers endorsed the group, sayingthat the institute had become an important player in the field of radio astronomy. "At the beginning, there were maybefour or five people in the room when we'd call a meeting to discuss SETI," Drake said. "It was definitely onthe fringe.""Now SETI and the field of astrobiology are mainstream, and a meeting might bring in 1,000

people," he said. "I never, never could have imagined that when I started."

2) Conspiracy by military-intelligence organizations and corporations have hidden evidence of aliens, destroying power of the legitimate government and threatening liberty as we know it,so politicians will have a bias against SETI no matter what.

Michael E. Salla, (PhD in Government, taught at School of International Service, AmericanUniversity, Washington DC, and the Department of Political Science, Australian National University,Canberra, Australia, currently Transformational Peace as a Researcher in Residence in the Center for Global Peace) “POLITICAL MANAGEMENT OF THE EXTRATERRESTRIAL PRESENCE: THECHALLENGE TO DEMOCRACY AND LIBERTY IN AMERICA”, July 4, 2003,http://www.exopolitics.org/Study-Paper-5.htm

Political management of the ET presence has evolved greatly since the Second World War era. Starting initially as a process firmly controlled by Presidentialadministrations that exercised executive oversight, thereby making it part of t he democratic process despite its secrecy and lack of congressional participation,political management evolved to the point where Presidential administrations were not fully informed of and had no executive control over many aspects of the ETpresence. This meant that the political management process had dubious constitutional validity and was controlled by a few actors who could be tied to the

Rockefeller-Kissinger axis, and their respective ties to US corporations and elite foreign policy bodies such as the Council on Foreign Relations. The US-British-Australian intervention in Iraq suggests that political management of the ET process hasevolved to yet another level. Now the US and its allies are prepared to militarily intervene in others in order to gain strategic goals vis-à-vis the ET

presence. The most important of which are to maintain official secrecy of the ET presence, withholdfrom the general public the true nature of the historic role played by ETs in ancient civilizations,and to gain whatever military advantage possible from the reverse engineering of ET technologyfound in countries that, like Iraq, have been prominent sites hosting an ET presence. According to

whistleblowers sources, there are numerous ancient ET bases that are being increasingly discovered around the planet. Consequently, it is likely that the interventionin Iraq will set a precedent for similar interventions elsewhere across the planet for reasons that increasingly have to do with the political management of the ETpresence. The strategic thinking of organizations such as MJ-12/PI-40 is based on the perception that the best analytical minds and strategic thinkers are employed

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2AC AT: Politix

in managing the ET process, and that while this may not be acceptable from a democratic standpoint which emphases executive or congressional oversight of allgovernment activities, it is acceptable from a national security perspective. What can be concluded here is that the view that indeed the ‘best minds’ are in charge of

the political management of the ET presence is misplaced. Information of the ET presence has been increasinglycontrolled and spun in a way that suggests that real decision making power has been inexorablyrestricted to fewer and fewer individuals who reflect conservative political philosophies typicallyassociated with the Republican party. While it is impossible to say exactly how many individuals exercise real influence in politically

managing the ET presence, the history of the Rockefeller-Kissinger involvement and the prominent roles played by Corporate America and the Council on Foreign

Relations, suggests that this influence is restricted to very few. Eisenhower’s warning about the ‘best minds’ not being in

control suggests that the elite club of ‘experts’ that dictate how the political management of theET presence is to be conducted, are overly influenced by Corporate and elite interestssympathetic to world views associated with the military-intelligence communities. Introducing greater

transparency into all aspects of managing the ET presence will make it possible to expand the restricted circle of power and influence that controls information

concerning the ET presence in a way that does indeed make it possible for the best minds to be formally in charge of politically managing the ET presence. Theerosion of executive control over the political management of the ET presence has reducedPresidents to at best, rubber stamps of MJ-12/PI-40 policies (this appeared to be the case in the Nixon, Ford, Reagan and

both Bush administrations), or, at worst, to political impotence as appears to have occurred in the cases of the Carter and Clinton administrations. The policies of the present Bush administration indicatethat the US presidency is reduced to little more than a vehicle for the realization of questionablepolicies concerning how to manage the ET presence. When combined with the blanket of secrecy that hasprevented the US Congress and the American public playing a meaningful role in the politicalmanagement of the ET presence, the current situation is a profound problem for those trulycommitted to principles of democratic governance and liberty in the US and elsewhere on theplanet. President Eisenhower demonstrated he became all too aware of the true problem confronting the US as a nation in dealing with the ET presence – ade facto political coup by interests closely allied with Corporate America and the military-intelligence communities. It is time that the American public understood the true nature of his warning and begin comprehensive political reforms to

address the threat to liberty Eisenhower was alluding to.

3) SETI only costs $2.5 millions, pennies to total budget and will barely affect debt.Alan Buckingham, May 2, 2011, “The Real Cost of SETI”, Geek News Central,http://www.geeknewscentral.com/2011/05/02/the-real-cost-of-seti/

The cost of SETI operations is $2.5 million per year, or the cost of 5 Tomahawk missile. And,from that starting point, costs just spiral out of control. I ask you all, if you believe in thisprogram, then read what both links I provided have to say. Check out the info-graphic thatdisplays what we spend elsewhere. Sure, things like national-defense are necessary. But, when

$1 from every Starbucks customer could fund such great science for years, is that really toomuch to ask? When a single bank executive could fund SETI with walking-around money, is thattoo much to ask? Google could fund this project without even missing the money. Hint to anyGoogle execs who read this blog…

4) Cross apply our Webre 5 card, as aliens will solve war and poverty once they evolve us totheir level, so impacts will not happen.

5) Cross apply our Sagan 2000 card. Politics DA is thinking only in short terms, as does mostof the government. This type of thinking dooms our ability to operate on the galactic scaleand threatens our survival.

6) Theory

1. Politic DA destroy education of debate by taking focus off resolution and into politics.They end up turning every debate into one on politics, limiting debate on other aspects of space.

2. Vote No: This debate should be simulation of congress’ debate and so no political capitalwould be used.

3. Intinsicness: Legislators are rational and they can see both benefits of SETI and risks of debt ceiling. No reason wouldn’t pass both.

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2AC AT: Cap K

1. Capitalism is Imposed on Humans By Aliens to Suppress Our Collective Ability—The Affirmative Recognition of Extra-Terrestrial Presence and theInstantiation of Exopolitics is the Only Way to Resist

Dr. John Singh, writer for Canadian National Newspaper, “Capitalism, the global economy, and

Manipulative Extraterrestrials”, December 26, 2009, The Canadian National Newspaper Exopolitics Headlines,http://exopoliticsnews.wordpress.com/category/capitalism/

Let me ask you a couple of questions. What kind of milieu do you think would be more productive, and work better for all people involved: A room of ten peoplefighting with one another, or a room of ten people working cooperatively and consensualy with each other? Herein’s my other question for you. Similarly, which milieudo you think would be more productive, and work better for all people involved: A community comprised of people who are fighting each other, in a state of broad-

based conflict; or a community whose members work together in an empathetic and mutualistic manner?Capitalism is an apparent trickwhich is designed to inspire humanity to accept the idea that a system of predation against eachother, that results in the oppression of human rights, in social injustices, and in environmentaldestruction is the most constructive for humanity. It is apparent that capitalism is inherently conflictory. However, cooperation and

mutuality is at the core of our spiritual interconnectedness as human beings.Scholars like Dr. John Lash and Dr. Michael Salla, implicitly suggest that

capitalism is literally an alien ideology that has been imposed on human reality by ManipulativeExtraterrestrials. Capitalism, is an apparent ideology of a lower-dimensional reality that is native to regressive aliens. It places the pursuitof ego-driven power over social responsibility to defend and affirm our spiritual interconnectedness as custodians of each other, and

of Earth’s biosphere.Through the promotion of capitalism, apparently, Manipulative Extraterrestrials that haveinfiltrated human institutions, can keep humanity divided into pursuing a relatively unproductive,and thoroughly destructive economic system. Capitalism makes it possible, according to the critical insights of Dr. Lash and Dr.

Salla, for “archons” to manipulate, and to exploit humanity specifically, and Earth’s biosphere in general.Capitalism undermines a participatory democracy, by

transforming the effective control of society from an existentially engaged diverse public, into the hands of a clique of wealthy ‘owners of capital’. Dr. Lash and DavidIcke furthermore implicitly suggest that a regressive alien consciousness which has sought to rule humanity from an ancient era, has sought to inspire “capitalism” asa social control device in an alien ideology.The communal-driven economic systems advocated by First Nations elders in Canada, and among other indigenouscommunities internationally, embodies the very ethic apparently that Manipulative Extraterrestrials have sought to repress, through capitalism. Dr. Salla specificallyalleges that Manipulative Extraterrestrials prevail over a political-military-industrial complex that is propped-up in turn by a capitalistic ethic that has been imposed onEarthbound humans. Michael Salla specifically refers to this cited group as the Military-Industrial-Extraterrestrial Complex (MIEC). Capitalism does not reflect the kindof economic system that humans would organically generate with apparent intrusion by alleged regressive alien controllers, according to the composite

representations of Dr. Salla, Dr. Lash, and other learned researchers. Capitalism apparently benefits alien control and dominationof our planet Earth. That control is enhanced by artificially generating predatory conflict amonghumanity, as individuals pursue the quest for ego-driven power.By recognizing capitalism as animposed alien ideology, Dr. Lash and Dr. Salla suggest, humans can begin to appreciate the destructiveimpacts that capitalism has had on humanity , and our planet Earth, and they can that this separation is part of a regressive alien

agenda.According to economist Milton Friedman, ‘capitalism’ and ‘freedom’ go hand in hand. Ayn Rand, was credited with the pivotal mantra of our ‘global economy’,that “greed is good”. But in practice, freedom does not go hand in hand with capitalism, and greed is destroying humanity and our planet Earth. Capitalism isperpetuated through affirming a state of mental slavery to monetary results among the “masses”. The “masses are conditioned to ” buy into a system of values, that isrelatively destructive, and is apparently being prevailed over by regressive aliens from a lower-dimensional reality of sentient artificial intelligence.Dr. Lash documents

that the Pagan Gnostics specifically referred to these cited regressive aliens as “artificial man”. However, farfetched such an explanation may sound, theexistence of an alien-inspired “command structure” of decision-making — which is behind what our governments

currently tolerate — offers an illuminating explanation for the perpetuation of an economic system thatreeks havoc on planet Earth. Pagan Gnostics suggests that once we critically become conscious of our human essence, we can begin to discern

regressive alien intrusions on Earth, that us now operating through systems that pivotally include capitalism, and organized religion.

2. Perm do both3. Perm do the plan then the alt4. Perm do the plan and all non mutually exclusive parts of the plan.

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2AC AT: Cap K

Link turn: Trading with E.T. will be beneficial. Interstellar Trade would benefit Everyone onEarth—Greater Growth and Productivity that Increase Standards of Living Differently thanTerrestrial Trade Ever Could

Greg Costikyan Costik.com SPI 1998http://www.costik.com/inttrade.html

Real economic growth comes from technological advances that permit increased productivity .Mechanization, division of labor, computerization, robots, etc., mean that fewer and fewer man-hours areneeded to produce a given good, and thus that individuals can be paid more (in terms of goods and services)than they could be paid under less productive arrangements. There may be a limit to this process, but we arenowhere near it ; indeed, mechanization of services (as opposed to industries) has only begun to occur withthe computer revolution. Economic growth means a greater ability to command goods and services; it doesnot mean a greater ability to command others. Some things, however, are not susceptible to growth of thiskind. There are only so many Rembrandts; the soil of Burgundy can only support so many grand cru vineyards. If a Rembrandt sells for $1 million today, when the average income is $1000, it will sell for $1trillion when the average income is $1 billion. (All things being equal.) Historically, per capita energyconsumption has been very closely linked to economic growth. Both have increased in the US at an averagerate of around 3%. Consequently, as standards of living increase, the amount of energy which an individual can command increases -- and his ability to contribute to what now seems an incredibly expensive sublighttrading mission increases.

2. Perm solves best. If we fund SETI, we will find aliens, who will show us a far more advanced system thancapitalism. Aliens are obviously smarter than us.

3. Case outweighs. Benefits of finding the aliens are far greater than the risks.4. Aliens aid in advancing our technologyMichael E. Salla, (PhD in Government, taught at School of International Service, American University,Washington DC, and the Department of Political Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia,currently Transformational Peace as a Researcher in Residence in the Center for Global Peace) “The Failureof Power Politics as a Strategic Response to the Extraterrestrial Presence – Developing Human Capacity as aViable Global Defense Strategy”, January 1, 2004, http://www.exopolitics.org/Study-Paper-7.htm

At the moment, the US and other major global states have secret agreements with differentextraterrestrial races that lead to the exchange of technologies with military-intelligenceapplications. All commercial applications are released at a rate that has only marginal impact on the global population

ostensibly on the basis that dual-use extraterrestrial technologies might aid rogue states in regional conflicts. According toCol Phillip Corso , former head of the Foreign Technology Desk in the Army’s Research andDevelopment department, he led a top-secret clandestine project to reverse engineer ET technologyrecovered from the Roswell crash. [ He wrote that his project successfully released a number of thesereverse engineered ET technologies for both the military and civilian sectors . Corso claims that therapid technological advances over the last 50 years, in fiber optics, integrated circuit chips, night-vision equipment, and super tenacity fibers such as Kevlar were a direct result of these clandestineprojects.

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http://www.costik.com/inttrade.html

http://www.costik.com/inttrade.html




2AC AT: China

Communist Governments are controlled by evil aliens that oppose Universal Societycontrolled by our friendly alien neighbors.

Art Greenfield (UFO researcher and writer, author of WARNING),”The Reptilian Candidate” 2005,[http://ufosandalienphenomena.wordpress.com/2008/11/03/the-reptilian-candidate/]

Communism is a harvesting tool of the Repto Sapiens. To date, Communism has directly causedthe death of 160 million people worldwide since 1917. Communists are the "useful idiots" of theRepto Sapiens. Islam is a harvesting tool of the Repto Sapiens. Islamic Holy Wars have killed millions since the time of

Muhammad. At other times throughout history other groups have been used as harvesting tools,used in war to supply dead bodies to our Repto Sapien cousins, Hitler and the Nazis, Emperor Hirohito

and the Imperial Japanese, Kaiser Wilhelm, Napoleon, Attilla and the Huns, Ghengis Khan and the MongolHordes, The Roman Empire, Alexander the Great, Xerxes and the Persians, and many others.What is interesting about Barack Obama is that he was programmed by radical Communists, crookedDemocrats, and radical Islamists. The major influences from those groups were Rev. Jeremiah Wright, LewisFarhakhan, Frank Marshall Davis, William Ayers, Bernadette Dorhn, and various Saudi radicals. One Saudi paid for

Obama's college tuition. Once again, we have had an attempt made to wreck our economy by theuseful idiots within the Democrat Party, who are not real democrats. They are Communists inDemocrat clothing, and we already know that Communists are the main useful idiots of our alienRepto Sapien cousins. If we are sufficiently weakened by a depression, and President Obama brings the troops home

and dismantles much of our military to save money to help the poor masses, it will be an open invitation for Iran,

North Korea, Russia, China, to attack us with a nuclear strike and wipe us out once and for all.Ahmadinejad, Putin, and Kim IL Sung are very obviously mind controlled puppets of theReptilians. All of them are acting irrationally, a key symptom of alien mind control. There is a lotmore that I'd like to add to this post making other comparisons to other similar alien runoperations throughout history but it will take too long for me to write it up right now, so I'll send this out as is for your consideration.

Aliens maintain an incredibly large presence in China. Over half of the population believesin Aliens and there’s a government funded organization to deal, diplomatically with thosealiens.

UFOEVIDENCE.ORG, “Aliens Among Us? Half of population believes.”, 01/2004

"Izvestia" reports that China has a record number of special clubs of UFO lovers. There are

many who attempt to establish some sort of a connection with the extraterrestrial. Theiractions are protected by the National Society of the extraterrestrial studies, which wasfounded 25 years ago. The Society is financed by the government. Only professionalscientists and engineers are allowed in the Society. A person also required to have PhD inscience and have several published works about UFOs. About a third of all members of thesociety are also experienced members of the communist party. One of Chinese most famousexperts in ufology, 66-year-old Sun Shili, who is also a former diplomat and a translator of Mao Zedong, has told us about his first encounter with an unidentified object. It happenedin 1971 during the "cultural revolution" when Sun Shili had been undergoing physical laborat a correctional facility high up in the mountains of the Tsyansi province. One day, whileworking in the rice fields, he spotted a strange object in the sky. He momentarily thought itwas a real UFO. Experts from the National Society claim that half of Chinese residentsbelieve in such phenomenon. Sun Shili explains such interest in UFOs in China (every fifth

UFO appears in this country) in the following way. He says that China appeals to aliens themost, due to the country's recent breakthroughs and its aspiration to become the world'sleader. Aliens used to be interested in the US up until recently. According to Sun Shili (andhis opinion is shared by many in the National Society) some of the aliens live among us, byturning into humans.

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2AC AT: Disclosure Bad

1. Your Evidence Concludes Aff—Disclosure is Inevitable, the Question is Preparation—the Aff’sEndorsement of SETI and Exopolitics is Crucial to Creating Cooperation Rather than Violence

Joseph Burkes, MD & Independent Researcher for the Center for the Study of Extraterrestrial Intelligence,“ CosmicPeace,” 2005 (http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/esp_galacticdiplomacy_05.htm)

To help prevent war and hopefully usher in a new era of interplanetary cooperation, the creationof a new kind of peace movement is required. One which acknowledges the ET presence and

resists those social forces which are systematically fanning the flames of war. Such a movement will definitely require astrong spiritual base. The realization that we are not alone compels humanity to ask the question, "What then is our trueplace in the universe?" This has enormous religious implications which will need to be addressed by those promoting

cosmic peace. Such a movement will naturally stand on the shoulders of pioneering groups likeRama and CSETI, as well as other networks of contactees who have remained mostly secret up until now. Individuals whoaffirm that they have experienced positive, long lasting relationships with non-human intelligence, will likely be prominentlyfeatured in the cosmic peace campaign.

2. Their Evidence is Terrible—Reactionary Violence is Considered at Most a Remote Possibiltiy—And the Peaceful and Technologically Advanced Nature of Aliens Means We Can’t HurtThem and They Won’t Fight With Us

3. People will not react negatively to discovery of extraterrestrialMilton Labels, Unusual Aerial Phenomena Study Group, January 21, 2011, “REACTION TO THEEXTRA TERRESTRIAL”, http://www.uapsg.com/2011/01/reaction-to-extra-terrestrial.html

Almost all of the research conducted so far was based in North America, Europe, and the UK, so it is extremelydifficult to gauge global response. Still, the patchwork findings that are currently available suggest that half of thepeople surveyed believe that ETI exists and a substantial proportion are convinced that alien spacecraft andastronauts have already visited Earth. Less abundant evidence suggests that people expect a millennial rather thancatastrophic event, and feel prepared for the discovery. Society has been unfazed by batmen on the Moon, thecanals of Mars, discoveries of quasars and pulsars, claims that a fossil arrived from Mars, and bogus announcementsof SETI detections. Any discovery of ETI is likely to produce a mix of emotions including fear, pandemonium,equanimity and delight but in North America and Europe neither the retrieval of an exobiological specimen nor detection of a dial tone at a distance are likely to lead to widespread psychological disintegration and socialcollapse. Perhaps we should not worry too much about people who protect their belief systems by denying scientificfindings (or recasting them as theory), and it seems unlikely that a ‘dial tone at a distance’ will shock people who are

embroiled in civil war, caught up in genocide, or wracked by AIDS and starvation. People conditioned by years of participation in UFO clubs, science fiction and an endless parade of purported documentaries may find thediscovery anti-climactic.

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http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/esp_galacticdiplomacy_05.htm

http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/esp_galacticdiplomacy_05.htm




2AC AT: FAST Solves in the SQ

FAST is devoted for other space missions, will work on pulsar tech and debris monitoring—Means its Not Devoted to SETI and Doesn’t Solve Exopolitics

Staff Writers, “China Starts Work On Largest Radio Telescope Ever Built,” Space Daily,http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/China_Starts_Work_On_Largest_Radio_Telescope_Ever_Built_999.html,Dec 29, 2008

China officially started construction of a Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST), the largest in theworld, in a remote southwest region on Friday. Preparation and research for the project took some 14 years. The dish-like telescope, as large as 30 football fields, will stand in a region of typical Karst depressions in Guizhou Provincewhen it's done in 2013. Karst depressions are usually located in regions plentiful in limestone and dolomite, wheregroundwater has enlarged openings to form a subsurface drainage system. The facility will greatly improve China'scapacity for astronomical observation, according to the National Astronomical Observatory (NAO), the major developer of the program. FAST's main spherical reflector will be composed of 4,600 panels. Its observationsensitivity will be 10 times more powerful than the 100-m aperture steerable radio telescope in Germany. Its overallcapacity will be 10 times larger than what is now the world's largest (300 m) Arecibo radio telescope developed by theUnited States, according to Nan Rendong, the chief scientist of the project and an NAO researcher. The project,costing more than 700 million yuan (102.3 million U.S. dollars), will allow international astronomers and scientists todiscover more of the secrets of the universe based on cutting-edge technologies, said Zhang Haiyan, an NAO officialin charge of construction. Scientists have so far observed only 1,760 pulsars, which are strongly magnetized spinningcores of dead stars. With the help of FAST, they could find as many as 7,000 to 10,000 within a year , Nan said.Pulsars have allowed scientists to make several major discoveries, such as confirmation of the existence of gravitational radiation as predicted by the theory of general relativity. FAST could also be a highly sensitive passiveradar to monitor satellites and space debris, which would be greatly helpful for China's ambitious space program.The telescope could also help to look for other civilizations by detecting and studying communication signals in theuniverse. Chinese scientists and officials selected Dawodang, Pingtang County as the site, where a Karst valley willmatch the shape of the huge bowl-like astronomical instrument. The sparsely populated, underdeveloped region willprovide a quiet environment to ensure the electromagnetic waves, the crucial requirement of operation, are notinterrupted by human activities. Construction of a new residential area about 60 km away also began on Friday torelocate 12 households. By 2013, when the telescope is to be in operation, all 61 farmers will move to their newhouses in Kedu town, with farmland allocated by the government. "The project is beyond my imagination. I'm glad tosee that an ordinary old guy like me could contribute to the country's science program," said Yang Chaoli, 68. Theproject was approved by the National Development and Reform Commission, the country's top planning body, theMinistry of Science and Technology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and its subordinating NAO, Guizhou Province

and other departments.

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http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/China_Starts_Work_On_Largest_Radio_Telescope_Ever_Built_999.html

http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/China_Starts_Work_On_Largest_Radio_Telescope_Ever_Built_999.html




2AC AT: Russia CP

Working with Russia not Vital for Development, but will Drain Political Capital in Washington

Luis Simón (Ph.D. International Relations) European Geostrategy Aug. 21st, 2009

Similar dynamics operate in the case of Afghanistan. Here, it is said that Moscow’s blessing would result in importantlogistical advantages for the Allied effort in this Central Asian country, insofar as Russia controls – either directly or indirectly – much of the territory surrounding Afghanistan. The Russians have a natural interest in keeping Islamistterrorism at bay. But only to a point: should Americans and Europeans consolidate and expand their influence inAfghanistan, Russian power in Central Asia would potentially suffer . And there should be no mistake about that:the Kremlin is in the business of impeding American and European penetration into its Central Asian backyard, notfacilitating it.In Russia’s eyes, giving up influence in Central Asia and the Middle East is something that can only be

justified if exchanged for gains in its so-called ‘near-abroad’, namely the area encircling Russia’s core –Eastern Europe and the Caucasus. And the Russians know this won’t fly in Washington. It is one thing for Washington to express curiosity over a potential grand bargain in the region, but quite another to act on it –particularly after the Russian invasion of Georgia. After all, and although increasingly important, Russia’s cooperationis not that critical for the United States; and Eastern Europe remains too valuable a strategic asset. Not only does itallow Washington to strengthen its grip over the European Union, but it also provides a forward site for Americanpower projection into Eurasia’s heartland and rimland areas, as well as serving as an insurance policy against the

(highly unlikely) eventuality that Russia eventually finds the strength to re-emerge as a peer competitor.

Cite: Luis Simon, European Geostrategy, 09, “The future of US-Russia relations: Europe’s strategic litmus test?”(http://europeangeostrategy.ideasoneurope.eu/2009/08/21/russia-america-europe/)

Working with Russia Endangers U.S. Security in the Future

U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, U.S.-Russian Cooperation in Space, OTA-ISS-618(Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, April 1995).

Nevertheless, such purchases entail some political risk in the United States, as well as the risk to the spacestation if the Russian government and enterprises are not able to perform. Some U.S. observers question thewisdom of supporting any part of the Russian aerospace industry, which provided much of the technological

substance for the Soviet threat to the United States; others believe that U.S. officials have made adequateprovision to ensure that U.S. funds remain in the civil space sector.

Cite: U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, U.S.-Russian Cooperation in Space, OTA-ISS-618(Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, April 1995).(http://www.princeton.edu/~ota/disk1/1995/9546/9546.PDF)

1. Case outweighs the Counterplan in terms of timeframe, because any time spent consultingwith Russia will delay SETI by an indeterminate amount of time. Also, it lowers probability of success as the U.S.'s general goals in space have it above the rest of the world. Finally, thecounterplan gains no benefits due to the fact that funding SETI takes such a marginal amountof money.

2. (If consult) – Perm do counterplan then plan (If work with) – This is just plan plus becausethe USFG will still be performing actions for exploration of space so perm do both.

3. Besides, Russia is unnecessary from Simon 09’ (3b –if they run politics – Simon 09’ alsoturns their politics disad because any reaction to spending the money to fend SETI be far lessthan the reaction to giving Russia ground)

4. Also, the CP is a worse option because U.S.C.O.T.A. 95’

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http://www.princeton.edu/~ota/disk1/1995/9546/9546.PDF


http://www.princeton.edu/~ota/disk1/1995/9546/9546.PDF




Conspiracy Theory Good

Regardless of Their Truth Value, You Should Endorse Conspiracy Theory—Adopting a FringePerspective is Crucial to Create a Revelatory Attitude Towards Truth

Paul Vallely, “Why we all love a good conspiracy theory; We take refuge in suspicion and blame, aswith the 'murder' of Dr David Kelly, for the most understandable of reasons”, The Independent (Britishnewspaper), October 24, 2010

There are conspiracies involving the Jews, Freemasons and the Catholic Church taking over the world. Or wild fantasies such as Dan Brown's Da Vinci Code theorythat for 2,000 years the Church has been hiding the fact that Jesus secretly married and has a line of descendants. Or David Icke's lurid phantasmagoria that

humanity is controlled by a secret group of shape-shifting reptilian aliens who include George Bush, Queen Elizabeth II, Kris Kristofferson and Boxcar Willie, all of whom drink human blood to maintain their humanoid appearance.It is easy to dismiss conspiracy theories as the baggageof the freakish fringe. But polls suggest otherwise. A BBC survey showed that 22 per cent of Britons do not think Kelly killed

himself. Some 43 per cent of Americans believe in UFOs. In our over-stimulated information ageconspiracy theories are what Christopher Hitchens has called "the exhaust fumes of democracy". Some go further: the

American political scientist Michael Barkun suggests that conspiracy is replacing democracy as the dominant politicalparadigm.There are a number of reasons for the rise and rise of contemporary theories. The age of political deference is dead. Those in authorityare no longer automatically trusted by virtue of their position. People are creating their ownpatterns of meaning.In one sense we have always done this. The human mind is programmed to makeshapes out of chaos, and create significance from the random. That is the origin of myth and human story. Justbecause conspiracy theories are factually inaccurate does not mean that they are not reachingafter a different kind of truth. It is like the story of the man who wakes to find his wife hitting him because she has dreamt he has had an affair.

"But I haven't done anything; it was your dream," he protests. "No," she replies, "but it's the kind of thing you would do." A conspiracy theory cantell us something about how modern men and women see the world and what alarms, or gives

them comfort, in it.The world is largely moulded by impersonal economic and institutional forces. But the human instinct is to see events shaped by

individuals and their acts. That tendency is amplified when it comes to the forces we feel are ranged against us, most particularly in those, like the establishment, wefeel more powerful than us.So we personify it. "The enemy is clearly delineated: he is a perfect model of malice, a kind of amoral superman - sinister, ubiquitous,powerful, cruel, sensual, luxury-loving," wrote the historian Richard Hofstadter in his essay "The Paranoid Style in American Politics". And such enemies act inconsort. They conspire to start runs on banks, cause depressions, create disasters, and then enjoy and profit from the misery they have produced. "The paranoid'sinterpretation of history is distinctly personal: decisive events are not taken as part of t he stream of history, but as the consequences of someone's will," Hofstadter

writes. Just because they're paranoid, doesn't mean someone's not out to get them, and it turns politics into an

arena for angry minds. Karl Popper saw the totalitarianism of fascism and communism as rooted in the paranoid tribalism of conspiracy theory.But it is manifest at far more trivial levels. The Rooney saga, one Man Utd fan, opined yesterday at Old Trafford, was "a conspiracy by Fergie to force the club's owners to buy some moretop players". Conspiracy is fed by the powerlessness of the theorist. But real history is driven more by cock-up than conspiracy. Cartels are unnecessary when pricescan be fixed by congruence of interests - which is why every chip van near Old Trafford charges an outrageous £2.50 for a small tray. Did the chip men get together to fix the price? We shall never know. Conspiracy is the lazy way out.The poet Keats offers a more interesting option. What we need, he said is "negative capability -that is, when a man is capable of being in uncertainties, mysteries, doubts, without any irritable reaching after fact and reason". Keats, it is generally reported, diedfrom tuberculosis. So why does his tombstone talk about "the Malicious Power of his Enemies"? Eh? I've got a bit of a theory about that.

Conspiracy theories necessary to prevent government acts of violence: those who underminetheorists are in league with governments desperate to increase trust.

Paul Joseph Watson, “Government Think Tank Calls For Infiltrating Conspiracy Websites”, Prison Planet, August 30,

2010, http://www.prisonplanet.com/government-think-tank-calls-for-infiltrating-conspiracy-websites.html

Furious that state involvement in major terror attacks is being exposed to a wider audience than ever before via the Internet, a UK think tank closely affiliated with theDowning Street has called for authorities to infiltrate conspiracy websites in an effort to “increase trust in the government”.“A Demos report published today, ThePower of Unreason, argues that secrecy surrounding the investigation of events such as the 9/11 New York attacks and the 7/7 bombings in London merely adds

weight to unsubstantiated claims that they were “inside jobs,” reports the London Independent.In other words, the fact that the overwhelmingamount of evidence indicates that both 7/7 and 9/11 were “inside jobs” of one form or another, and that huge numbers of people are now aware of this via the increasing influence of theInternet, is hampering efforts to commit more acts of terror, therefore the government needs tochange its strategy.In the report, Demos, “Recommends the Government fight back by infiltrating internet sites to dispute these theories.” One of the tools Demos already employs to “fight back” against conspiracy theories is by labelinganyone who challenges the government’s official story as an extremist or a terrorist recruiter.The strategy mirrors that advocated by White House information czar Cass Sunstein, who in a 2008 white paper similarly called for conspiracy websites to be infiltrated and undermined inorder to dilute their influence. In the same report, Sunstein also called for taxing conspiracy theories (any viewpoint that differs with the official

version) and outright banning free speech that the authorities disapproved of.What Demos and Sunstein are essentially calling for is classic “provocateur” styleinfiltration, updated for the 21st century, that came to the fore during the Cointelpro years, an FBI program from 1956-1971 that was focused around disrupting,

marginalizing and neutralizing political dissidents, often using illegal methods.The fact that governments on both sides of the pond have been

caught over and over again habitually lying about everything under the sun, allied to a compliantcorporate media that has aided authorities in covering up their misdeeds, has prompted acomplete collapse in trust from the people, an effect that is now seriously hampering the state’sefforts to enlist implied consent, with millions of people rebelling against the system throughcivil disobedience and non-compliance in a myriad of different ways.That’s why Demos, a mouthpiece for the British

authorities, is desperate to infiltrate “conspiracy websites,” ie groups of people who broadcast the truth, inorder to “increase trust” in a government that has lost all credibility .

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http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/secret-services-must-be-made-more-transparent-2064948.html

http://www.prisonplanet.com/archives/london/index.htm



http://www.prisonplanet.com/911.html


http://www.prisonplanet.com/obama-information-czar-outlined-plan-for-government-to-infiltrate-conspiracy-groups.html


http://www.prisonplanet.com/obama-information-czar-calls-for-banning-free-speech.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COINTELPRO

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/secret-services-must-be-made-more-transparent-2064948.html




http://www.prisonplanet.com/obama-information-czar-calls-for-banning-free-speech.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COINTELPRO




SETI key to international cooperation/Exopolitics

SETI provides valuable technology and spurs international cooperationAllen Tough, 1995 “Positive Consequences of SETI Before Detection”,http://www.astrosociology.com/Library/PDF/Positive%20Consequences%20of%20SETI%20Before%20Detection.pdf

In addition, SETI provides various spin-offs, such as search methods, highly sophisticated computer programs,uniquely capable signal detection hardware (possibly useful in medical diagnosis), and a remarkable degree of international scientific cooperation. Also, the search for extraterrestrial life is often used as a justification for other scientific projects, such as the search for planets beyond the solar system and the investigation of star and planetformation.

Recognition and Dedication to the Presence of Extra-Terrestrial Life Allows Us to Achieve aParadigm Change in Human Consciousness, Transforms Civilization at Large

Alfred Webre, Yale-trained environmental lawyer, former General Counsel to New York’s Environmental ProtectionAdministration and International director of the Institute for Cooperation in Space, “Politics, Government, and Law inthe Universe,” Journal of World Affairs, Summer 2008 (http://exopolitics.blogs.com/exopolitics/2008/11/world-affairs-the-journal-of-international-issues-exopolitics-and-a-positive-human-future-by-alfred-lambremont-webre-jd-m.html)

The Exopolitics Model, first published in 2000 and presented in June 2000 by this author at a scholarly conference at theUniversity of Wyoming chaired by Prof. Leo Sprinkle, may be one candidate for triggering a crucial sea change in humanperception.v Exopolitics is the new political science of outer space, and is the science of relations between our humancivilisation and advanced civilisations in the Universe. The Associated Press reported that Exopolitics was nominated for 2005 new Word of the Year.vi

The Exopolitics Model holds that we live in a highly populated Universe filled with intelligent, evolving civilisationsoperating under Universal law, with governance systems and mediated by Universe politics. We on Earth are just becoming aware that we live in a populated Universe.vii

Like all models, Exopolitics provides a path for minds to go where they had not ventured before. The ExopoliticsModel provides the interface between human and Extraterrestrial societies. The Exopolitics Model is a humanversion of the 100 monkeys syndrome, that 100 monkeys washing their yams on one island will result in allmonkeys washing their yams. Exopolitics allows us all to internalise a truth: that we are part of a populatedCosmos and that the neighbours are outreaching to us at this time.As Thomas Kuhn (The Structure of Scientific Revolutionsviii) has written, scientific revolutions come about in

paradigm-shifts, in sea-changes about the way that our entire human species chooses to see its reality. Noamount of scientific data will change any single individual’s mind about humanity’s living in a populatedUniverse, filled with diverse advanced civilisations, some of which are seeking to engage us now. Eachperson has to want to change their own mind, on the basis of available data and context.

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SETI Heg Addon

U.S Competitiveness declining due to high tech trade deficitAdam Hersh, Christian E. Weller | February 9, 2011, Measuring Future U.S. Competitiveness U.S.Productivity and Innovation Snapshot, Center for American Progress,http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/02/productivity_snapshot.html

Productivity growth—the rate at which we increase production with a given amount of work and resources—is critical to our national economic prosperity and competitiveness, and a factor tied closely to the pace of real investment. Investments inequipment and innovation lead to productivity growth, and productivity growth leads to long-run increases in our standard of

living. As the U.S. economy continues to pull out of the Great Recession, a number of trends pointto clear signs of trouble for present and future U.S. competitiveness . First, investment continuesat a slow pace, barely keeping up with capital depreciation. Second, the effects of slow investment canbe seen in lagging productivity growth, which is below average for this point in a business cycle. Third, the U.S.high-tech trade deficit is widening once again. Yet a number of ingredients for faster productivity growth in thefuture do show promise. This is true for private sector-led research-and-development spending, the number of newly trainedPh.Ds now being minted at our universities, and signs of recovery in the venture capital sector providing critical investment

to early-stage innovation, especially for clean energy technologies. The data presented here point to substantialchallenges ahead to U.S. economic prosperity. The snapshot of U.S. productivity andcompetitiveness presented here shows that policymakers must give more attention tostrengthening the factors that could lead to future productivity growth and rising livingstandards

Radio astronomy attracts private investment and innovation and thus and increases

competitiveness.

Radio Astronomy Contributing to American Competitiveness October 2006 Compiled by the staff of the

National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO). The NRAO is operated by Associated Universities, Inc.,under Cooperative Agreement with the National Science Foundation

Radio astronomy is an exemplary national resource that increases American competitiveness in

many ways. It contributes uniquely and significantly to our understanding of the universe , and has

been a catalyst for enhanced scientific training and basic research in many fields. Extreme distances, weaksignals, and vast amounts of astronomical data require instrumentation and processing thatpushes the state of the art to its limits . Radio telescopes, facilities, and instruments are developed on a scale that

requires collaborative effort and greater funding than a single organization can provide. These technical innovationslead to private sector investment in research and development that translates fundamental discoveries intothe production of useful and marketable technologies, processes, and techniques that effect our lives each day.

Technical innovations developed or enhanced for radio astronomy are found in communication antennas,transistor design, cryogenic coolers, medical and scientific imaging, time and frequencystandards, atomic clocks and GPS navigation, precision spacecraft navigation, location of cellphone 911 calls, laser rangefinders, and quasi-optical applications . Radio astronomy tracks solar flares that can cause disruption of earth-based communications, damage to orbiting satellites, and destructive surges on

power grids. The vast amount of computing capacity required for Searches for ExtraterrestrialIntelligence radio signal processing led to a unique grid computing concept that has beenexpanded to many applications.

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SETI Heg Addon

Competitiveness is vital to maintaining hegemony.ADAM SEGAL, Senior Fellow in China Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations, Foreign Affairs, “Is

America Losing Its Edge?” November / December 2004,http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20041101facomment83601/adam-segal/is-america-losing-its-edge.html]

The United States' global primacy depends in large part on its ability to develop new technologies andindustries faster than anyone else. For the last five decades, U.S. scientific innovation and technologicalentrepreneurship have ensured the country's economic prosperity and military power. It wasAmericans who invented and commercialized the semiconductor, the personal computer, and the Internet; other countries

merely followed the U.S. lead. Today, however, this technological edge-so long taken for granted-may beslipping, and the most serious challenge is coming from Asia. Through competitive tax policies, increasedinvestment in research and development (R&D), and preferential policies for science and technology (S&T) personnel,Asian governments are improving the quality of their science and ensuring the exploitation of future innovations. The percentage of patentsissued to and science journal articles published by scientists in China, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan is rising. Indian companies arequickly becoming the second-largest producers of application services in the world, developing, supplying, and managing database and other types of software for clients around the world. South Korea has rapidly eaten away at the U.S. advantage in the manufacture of computer chips and telecommunications software. And even China has made impressive gains in advanced technologies such as lasers,biotechnology, and advanced materials used in semiconductors, aerospace, and many other types of manufacturing. Although the United

States' technical dominance remains solid, the globalization of research and development is exerting considerable pressures onthe American system. Indeed, as the United States is learning, globalization cuts both ways: it is both a potent catalyst of

U.S. technological innovation and a significant threat to it. The United States will never be able to prevent rivals from

developing new technologies; it can remain dominant only by continuing to innovate faster thaneveryone else. But this won't be easy; to keep its privileged position in the world, the United States mustget better at fostering technological entrepreneurship at home.

Loss of hegemony causes nuclear war and extinction.

Gray, 05 – Professor of International Politics and Strategic Studies, and Director of the Center for Strategic Studies, at theUniversity of Reading (Spring 2005, Colin S., Parameters, “How Has War Changed Since the End of the Cold War?”http://www.carlisle.army. mil/usawc/parameters/05spring/gray.htm)

6. Interstate War, Down but Far from Out Logically, the reverse side of the coin which proclaims a trend favoring political violence internal to states is the claim that

interstate warfare is becoming, or has become, a historical curiosity. Steven Metz and Raymond Millen assure us that “most armedconflicts in coming decades are likely to be internal ones.”21 That is probably a safe prediction, though one might choose to

be troubled by their prudent hedging with the qualifier “most.” Their plausible claim would look a little different in hindsightwere it to prove true except for a mere one or two interstate nuclear conflicts, say between Indiaand Pakistan, or North Korea and the United States and its allies. The same authors also offer the comforting judgment that

“decisive war between major states is rapidly moving toward history’s dustbin.”22 It is an attractive claim; it is a shame that it is wrong. War , let alone “decisive

war,” between major states currently is enjoying an off-season for one main reason: So extreme isthe imbalance of military power in favor of the United States that potential rivals rule out policies thatmight lead to hostilities with the superpower. It is fashionable to argue that major interstate war is yesterday’s problem—recall that

the yesterday in question is barely 15 years in the past—because now there is nothing to fight about and nothing to be gained by armed conflict. Would that those

points were true; unfortunately they are not. The menace of major, if not necessarily decisive, interstate war willreturn to frighten us when great-power rivals feel able to challenge American hegemony. If you read

Thucydides, or Donald Kagan, you will be reminded of the deadly and eternal influence of the triad of motives for war: “fear, honor, and interest.”23

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T—SETI isn't substantial

1. Firtst- Interpretation: Substantial change can be produced by 1% of the total budget

TDRC , No Date, The One Percent Solution, http://www.tdrc.net/index.php?page=1-solution

The One Percent Solution was launched in 1998 by the Toronto Disaster Relief Committee (TDRC). It is based on thefinding of Prof. David Hulchanski of the University of Toronto that, in the mid-1990s, federal, provincial, territorial and

municipal governments spent about one percent of their budgets on housing. Since then, governments have made

substantial housing cuts. The One Percent Solution calls on governments to double their commitment to housing programs by restoring and renewing housing spending. A multi-year commitment is required.

Second, violation, SETI is 0.05% of NASA's budget

a. SETI operations costs $2.5 million per year Alan Buckingham, May 2, 2011, “The Real Cost of SETI”, Geek News Central,http://www.geeknewscentral.com/2011/05/02/the-real-cost-of-seti/

The cost of SETI operations is $2.5 million per year, or the cost of 5 Tomahawk missile. And,from that starting point, costs just spiral out of control. I ask you all, if you believe in thisprogram, then read what both links I provided have to say. Check out the info-graphic thatdisplays what we spend elsewhere. Sure, things like national-defense are necessary. But, when

$1 from every Starbucks customer could fund such great science for years, is that really toomuch to ask? When a single bank executive could fund SETI with walking-around money , is that too much to ask? Google could fund this project without even missing the money. Hint to anyGoogle execs who read this blog…

b. SECOND- NASA' 2012 budget request was for 5 Billion

NASA 2011 “NASA 2012 budget Estimates” http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/516674main_NASAFY12_Budget_Estimates-Overview-508.pdf

NASA’s Science Mission Directorate works to expand human scientific understanding of Earth, the Sun,the solar system, and the universe. This knowledge helps identify and predict global climate

change,

space weather, the origins of the universe, and the likelihood of life elsewhere. The FY 2012 budget

request for the Science Mission Directorate is $5,016.8 million

1.2.

C. 2.5 million is one/twentieth of one percent

Third, standards

a. predictable limits- we allow all cases that increase the US space program by more than one percent, that includesastroid defense, space weapons, solar powered satellites, solar sails, space elevators, rods from god, moonbase,terraform mars, astroid detection, and many othersb. ground- they are too small of an increase to link to politics, budget, weaponization, debris, capitalism, chinarelations, or any other camp DAs.c. prefer our interpretation, it barely limits anything out, they only need to increase by 1%.ci.cii.ciii. fourth- voting issue for fairness and education

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Conspiracy Theory Bad

Conspiracy theories encourage violence and distrust.

Rachel Shields, “Secret services 'must be made more transparent”, The Independent, 29 August 2010,http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/secret-services-must-be-made-more-transparent-2064948.html

The secret services must become more transparent if they are to halt the spread of damagingconspiracy theories and increase trust in the Government, claims a leading think tank.A Demos reportpublished today, The Power of Unreason, argues that secrecy surrounding the investigation of events such as the 9/11 New

York attacks and the 7/7 bombings in London merely adds weight to unsubstantiated claims that they were "inside jobs".Itwarns of the dangers posed by conspiracy theories – from hindering counter-terrorism work byreducing public trust in the Government, to encouraging new alliances between extremistsbased on such theories – and recommends the Government fight back by infiltrating internet sites to dispute these

theories. Jamie Bartlett, the author of the report, said: "Less-secret services could make Britain safer . The more openthe Government is, the harder it is for extremist groups to make stories out of silence."The Royal United Services Institute warned last week that the UK may soon face a new wave of home-grown terrorists,when criminals who have been targeted by jihadists while in prison are released. Demos also recommends that the NationalSecurity Council publish an annual report of its proceedings and that it makes details of counter-terrorism investigationsavailable to selected individuals. A Home Office spokesman said: "The Government has prepared the groundwork in beingmore open by having a review of counter-terrorism powers."

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