Seven Score Operating Grants

By Jim Oldfield

In one of the most difficult operating grant competitions in years, seven scientists from Sunnybrook Research Institute (SRI) were awarded funding totaling $3.6 million by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). The grants were awarded by CIHR based on its September 2009 funding competition.

While the average yearly amount of awards in this competition in-creased to $139,000, only 18% of applications were funded, down from 22% or more over the last six operating grant competitions.

“Against this backdrop of increasing scarcity of funds, the suc-cess of these SRI scientists is that much more commendable,” said Dr. Michael Julius, vice-president, research, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre. “Congratulations are due to them. It must be noted, however, there are many other researchers at SRI who are as dedicated to discovery and its translation, a lack of available funds notwithstanding.”

New to this round was CIHR’s inclusion of randomized controlled trials in the eligibility criteria for operating funding. The change is part of an effort by CIHR to provide more stable, long-term fund-ing for promising treatments that require clinical evaluation.

Accordingly, the agency awarded Dr. David Gladstone, a clinician-scientist in the brain sciences research program at SRI and an assistant professor in the department of medicine at the

University of Toronto, $1.7 million over five years for the SPOTLIGHT trial. This national, multicentre study will test an innovative image-guided treatment protocol for the emergency management of intracerebral hemorrhage, the most deadly and disabling type of stroke, which is caused by sudden bleeding into the brain from a ruptured blood vessel. The researchers will incorporate a novel imaging marker (the “spot sign”) developed at Sunnybrook by the study’s co-principal investigator Dr. Richard Aviv that can identify, for the first time, the patients most likely to benefit from a promising drug therapy that has so far produced mixed results in clinical testing.

In addition, Dr. Dennis Ko, a scientist in the Schulich heart research program, was awarded $455,119 over three years for his study on the appropriateness of cardiac procedures to improve blood flow to the heart.

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SPRING 2010

4 CV: DR. BRaDley maCintOSh

6 tRaineeS’ POSt

7 aPPlaUSe

laB SaFety:an ounce of prevention worth a pound of cure in the lab5

Dr. David Gladstone

Nexus 2

new and noteworthy

In February, the office of communications at Sunny-brook Research Institute (SRI) published the fourth edition of Inventing the Future of Health Care. This 48-page publica-tion covers some of the most innovative research happen-ing at SRI.

Our goal is to share with read-ers our passion for medical re-search, from discovery straight through to translation, and to show how our scientists are making those discoveries for the benefit of all patients.

Our readers are a diverse group of people linked by a common interest in health research: government and funding agency partners, colleagues in research and health care worldwide, senior-level hospital executives, policy-makers, heads of in-dustry, students, and other trainees and skilled people working in science. We also distribute it to donors and members of the general public.

If you haven’t picked up a copy, we hope you will. In addition to reading about the clinical impact of discoveries made in our labs, you will learn about the global reach of work done at SRI and the extent of our scientific collaborations. The magazine is also available online at www.sunnybrook.ca/research.

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Ko’s research group has shown that use of angioplasty and bypass surgery has increased dramatically in Canada over the past decade; at the same time, other research has questioned whether all these procedures were necessary, because many of the patients were symptom-free and therefore likely did not ben-efit from them. Ko’s project will be one of the first in Canada to assess the appropriateness of these costly cardiac interventions.

Other SRI researchers receiving funding are:

• Dr. Greg Czarnota, a scientist in the Odette cancer re-search program: $304,194 over three years to investigate ultrasound-activated microbubble enhancement of re-sponse to radiation therapy.

• Dr. Jean Gariépy, a scientist newly recruited by SRI from the University Health Network: $429,960 over five years to search for cellular targets that can disrupt deadly natural molecules known as ribosomal-inactivating proteins.

• Dr. Jonathan Rast, a scientist in the Odette cancer re-search program: $100,000 for one year for his project on a novel system of toll-like receptors in a gene regulatory network underpinning innate immunity.

• Dr. Baiju Shah, a scientist in the Schulich heart research program: $102,135 over two years for his study on the influ-ence of language and ethnicity on stroke care.

• Dr. Burton Yang, a senior scientist in the Odette can-cer research program: $584,595 over five years for his project on the roles of microRNA miR-17-3p in wound healing and angiogenesis.

Results from CIHR’s March 2010 operating grant competition will be available in late June or early July.

More From CIHR . . .

Other Sunnybrook Research Institute scientists were awarded grants from CIHR through various funding programs. They include:

Dr. Mary Bell• , a clinician-scientist in the Holland musculo-skeletal research program: a one-year knowledge synthesis grant worth $100,000 for her research on the impact of peer support on the health of individuals with chronic disease.

Dr. Eugene Crystal• , an associate scientist in the Schulich heart research program: a one-year proof-of-principle grant worth $130,077 to develop a method to track the 3-D loca-tion of a catheter using fluoroscopic X-ray. Crystal was also awarded a $7,500 meetings, planning and dissemination grant to study the effectiveness and risks of using implant-able cardioverter defibrillators.

Dr. Liisa Jaakkimainen• , an associate scientist in the brain sciences research program: a $99,981 catalyst grant (pri-mary and community-based health care) for her research on the use of existing electronic medical records to determine wait times for primary care.

Drs. Bradley MacIntosh• and Greg Stanisz, imaging scientists in the brain sciences research program, through the catalyst grant (pilot projects in aging) program. MacIntosh will receive $49,350 for his research on the functional and physi-ological consequences of small vessel disease. Stanisz will receive $50,000 for his work on quantitative magnetic reso-nance imaging of white matter hyperintensities in aging and probable Alzheimer’s disease.

And, senior scientist • Dr. Burton Yang: $150,000 over three years through the China-Canada joint health research initiative to examine the regulation of miR-626 functions by vesicant 3 UTR.

Dr. Greg Stanisz

Sunnybrook Research Institute 3

Imaging Researchers Convene For Annual Symposium

Over 300 medical imaging scientists, research staff and trainees from across the province attended this year’s Imaging Network Ontario (ImNO) symposium, held Feb. 1 to 3 at the University of Toronto.

Organized by scientists and staff at Sunnybrook Research Insti-tute (SRI), the symposium featured presentations by research-ers from Toronto, Hamilton, London, Ottawa and Kingston. The three-day event was structured thematically around imaging research in cancer, cardiovascular therapeutics and neurosci-ence, as well as the use of preclinical imaging to study disease.

“Ontario is probably unique in the world as a centre of strength in imaging research in medicine,” says SRI senior imaging sci-entist Dr. Martin Yaffe, who co-leads the One Millimetre Cancer Challenge and the Imaging Pipeline Platform, two multimillion-dollar ImNO consortia funded by the provincial government through the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research.

As in years past, the event enabled trainees to present their re-search, evidenced by the numerous posters by graduate students and fellows on display. They also took centre stage; over one-half-dozen graduate students gave talks at the symposium, including Melissa Hill, a third-year PhD student working in Yaffe’s lab.

Hill, who’s attended the conference since 2006, values the opportunity to network with other imaging physics research-ers in an informal setting: “I got to speak with people in the field that are outside my group and outside Sunnybrook,” she says. “That’s one of the beneficial things about these types of conferences—it brings people together.”

HSFO Funds SRI Researchers

The Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario awarded over $1.2 mil-lion to five Sunnybrook Research Institute (SRI) scientists through its September 2009 grants-in-aid funding competition.

Dr. Clare Atzema, a scientist in the trauma, emergency and critical care research program, will receive $140,000 over two years for her research on atrial fibrillation in the emergency room.

Dr. Charles Cunningham, a scien-tist in the Schulich heart research program, will receive $163,236 over two years to study metabolic imaging using magnetic reso-nance imaging for myocardial salvage.

Dr. Dan Dumont, director of the discipline of molecular and cel-lular biology, was awarded $273,000 for his work on the use of Vasculotide to treat atherosclerosis and limb ischemia. Vascu-lotide is a synthetic compound co-invented by Dumont that mim-ics the properties of the protein growth factor Angiopoietin 1.

Dumont also secured renewed funding for three years for mo-lecular studies examining the role of lymphangiogenic signalling heart disease.

Dr. Stephen Fremes, a clinician-scientist in the Schulich heart re-search program, was awarded $197,580 over three years for an in-ternational, multicentre, randomized controlled trial on surgical and pharmacological novel intervention to improve results of saphenous vein graft patency in coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.

Dr. Dennis Ko, a researcher and interventional cardiologist at Sunnybrook, was awarded $175,584 over two years to study the appropriateness of coronary revascularization for patients with coronary artery disease.

news @ SRi OICR Invests in Novel Cancer Therapy

The Ontario Institute for Cancer Research (OICR) has awarded $500,000 to Dr. Kullervo Hynynen, director of imaging research at Sunnybrook Research Institute, to develop a new treatment for patients with inoperable bone and liver cancer.

Hynynen, who holds the Canada Research Chair in Imaging Systems and Image-Guided Therapy, will use the investment to develop a prototype and perform preclinical testing of a focused ultrasound system that can find and destroy tumours without surgery. The treatment, which is noninvasive, uses heat from adjustable ultrasound arrays to destroy cancer-ous tissue. In eliminating the need for surgery, the therapy offers two major benefits: improved quality of life for patients and reduced health care costs.

The OICR will also work closely with Hynynen to help commer-cialize the technology by providing him and his research team with additional resources and expertise.

Dr. Kullervo Hynynen

Dr. Clare Atzema

CBCRA Shuts Its Doors

The Canadian Breast Cancer Research Alliance (CBCRA) concluded as of April 1. While no new funding programs will be launched, the CBCRA will honour all of its existing funding com-mitments, including research grants already awarded. The Ca-nadian Cancer Society Research Institute will administer these programs on behalf of the CBCRA, except for those already administered by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. For more information please visit www.breast.cancer.ca.

Nexus 4

tool Kit: Respiract

RespirAct is a diagnostic device that allows precise control of blood carbon dioxide (CO2), independent of oxygen levels, for measuring cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR)—how well the brain’s blood vessels autoregulate blood flow. Paired with a functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging scanner, the device enables pictures of blood vessel dilation as CO2 increases or decreases.

“Typically, when measuring CVR, we would use unreliable breath-holding techniques to control CO2, or drugs or leg cuffs to alter blood pressure,” says Dr. Leo da Costa, a neurosurgeon and researcher at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre. “The beauty of this device is it calculates the exact amount of CO2 we need and delivers it automatically, while maintaining the patient’s oxygen level. It only takes about two minutes to change CO2 to the desired level, and in an MR machine that’s important because time is limited.”

Da Costa will use RespirAct to measure CVR in patients with head trauma, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and occlu-sive carotid disease, and in dementia research with Dr. Sandra Black, director of the brain sciences research program at Sun-nybrook Research Institute. Together da Costa and Black will examine whether changes in the brain’s ability to autoregulate blood flow is affected by small vessel disease of the brain that causes changes in the white matter, and whether this is associ-ated with disease progression.

Toronto-based Thornhill Research Inc. developed RespirAct, which cost $40,000. The device was funded by an Odette family donation to Black for her work in Sunnybrook’s memory clinical trials research clinic and the neurointervention centre.

CV: Dr. Bradley macintoshBio basics: An imaging scien-tist at Sunnybrook Research Institute (SRI) in the brain sci-ences research program. Grew up in Toronto. Completed his PhD in medical biophysics at the University of Toronto in 2006, in the lab of SRI scientist Dr. Simon Graham. Did a fellowship at the University of Oxford before return-ing to SRI in late 2009. Research focus: functional magnetic reso-nance imaging (MRI) for improved diagnosis and characterization of cerebrovascular diseases.

How was your fellowship at Oxford?

I was supposed to work with Dr. Paul Matthews, but when I called an administrator there, she said, “He doesn’t work here anymore.” He’d moved on to GlaxoSmithKline. So I ended up working with another big name in neuroimaging, Dr. Peter Jezzard, who was setting up an acute stroke vascular imaging centre. I jumped in and worked on about a dozen projects, so it turned out to be the best thing I could have done.

Did you like Oxford?

Compared to London, it’s sort of like Waterloo is to Toronto—a pleasant university town an hour away from a crazy city. But it’s also very multicultural. As an academic hub for the world, there

are so many people coming and going that at a certain point I wanted something more stable. I had funding to stay, but I felt that intellectually I was ready to manage bigger projects.

What brought you back here?

Toronto is a good location academically, and the volume of research at Sunnybrook is almost unprecedented in Canada. The Centre for Stroke Recovery is an incubator for research ideas that go across disciplines, and I know some of the people here—having colleagues to collaborate with makes for a smoother transition. So it had the magic combination of infrastructure, people and opportunity.

What’s your main research project?

Arterial spin labeling—using the inherent properties of MRI to create a magnetic contrast, or bolus, that can be tagged and measured as it moves downstream in an artery. It’s a noninvasive alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents for character-izing cerebrovascular disease that’s been around for two de-cades. In the last five years, there’s been an explosion in ways to improve this technique, which has been great to witness.

PEOPLE @ SRiNewly Appointed:

Dr. Gili Adler-Nevo, CIB, brain sciences (associate scientist)Dr. Jean Gariépy, imaging, cancer (senior scientist)Dr. Andrea Gershon, CE, TECC (scientist)Dr. Lilian Gien, CHSS, cancer (associate scientist)Dr. Clifford Librach, CIB, women and babies (associate scientist)Dr. George Mochizuki, CIB, brain sciences (scientist)Dr. John Murnaghan, CIB, musculoskeletal (associate scientist)Dr. Gary Turner, CIB, brain sciences (scientist)

Diem Pham, a respiratory therapist at Sunnybrook, uses the RespirAct device to measure cerebrovascular reactivity

Sunnybrook Research Institute 5

a Step aheadUnderstanding dangers around the lab crucial to preventing illness and injury

By Alisa Kim

For medical researchers, one of life’s pe-culiarities is that while they and their staff work toward discoveries that may one day improve the health of others, they are exposed to potential harm through their work in the laboratory.

To the untrained user, a research lab can be a dangerous place. Fires, explosions and toxic substances and emissions are some of the typical hazards. For the experienced lab user and those new to biomedical research, awareness of the risks, and knowing what to do in case of emergency, are keys to staying safe.

“Having worked in research labs for over six years now, most of the information seems common sense, but it’s impor-tant to take a moment to think about the potential hazards around us,” says Kelly Coultes, chair of the health and safety committee at Sunnybrook Research In-stitute (SRI) and a technician in the lab of SRI brain scientist Dr. Isabelle Aubert.

Coultes conducts regular lab safety seminars for summer students new to SRI, as well as lab staff who are required to

update their training. At her last seminar, an informal poll conducted by Coultes revealed that the audience was comprised of high-school and university students, most of whom had never worked in a research lab.

The seminar includes an overview of the Workplace Hazardous Materials Infor-mation System (WHMIS), the Canadian system of identifying and classifying hazardous products. Training in WHMIS is mandatory for all Sunnybrook employees; the online tutorial is available on the SRI health and safety web site (see link below).

“You need to be aware of what you’re working with and how to work with it,” says Coultes of the flammable, corrosive and lethal chemicals used in lab experi-ments. Reviewing the lab’s material safety data sheets, ensuring that substances are labelled and stored correctly, and wearing protective gear such as a lab coat, gloves and eyewear, are vital to lab safety.

Other tips include: closing hoods to mini-mize ultraviolet light exposure; decluttering eye-wash stations; not wearing open-toed

shoes in the lab; keeping food and drink out of the lab and removing protective at-tire when outside the lab to avoid contami-nating common areas.

Proper disposal of wastes is also impor-tant. Needles and broken pipettes are to be placed in the designated sharps disposal bins; likewise, flammable, radio-active and anatomical materials are to be discarded in the appropriate receptacles.

Coultes also notes that all injuries are to be reported to the hospital’s occupational health and safety office. In the event of a fire, spill or other emergency, staff should call extension 5555 and evacuate the area. Moreover, labs should have a designated meeting place so that members can be accounted for in such instances.

“We’re all human and it is easy to let our guard down,” says Coultes, who inspects labs annually as part of her committee duties. “That is why it is important to pay closer attention to the dangers around us and know how to act in the event of an emergency, no matter how large or small the incident may be.”

For more information on research health and safety, visit healthandsafety.sri.utoronto.ca

Reviewing the lab’s material safety data sheets, ensuring that substances are labelled and stored correctly, and wearing protective gear such as a lab coat, gloves and eyewear, are vital to lab safety.

Meena Bali, lab manager of SRI’s hybridoma core facility

Nexus 6

What do you do at sanofi pasteur and how do you like your work?

As a research scientist I design assays to test the efficacy of new vaccine candidates. This tells us more about how our new vaccines work, for example what type of immune responses from what type of immune cells are turned on.

So far it’s been very good. Before, I had the impression that going into industry was going to the “dark side”—that you’d no longer answer academic questions. But I’m still doing cutting-edge, basic research trying to answer fundamental questions. Of course you can’t stray too far because there’s a budget and a mandate dictated by senior management, but I’ve been fortunate and given freedom to engage in some exploratory projects. I’ve been able to do fundamental studies as opposed to straight testing of product.

What drew you to a career in industry? When did you realize that you didn’t want to pursue a career in academia?

As I was wrapping up my postdoc, I had three things in consider-ation: industry, academia and government. I didn’t know exactly what I wanted to get into, but I wasn’t set on one particular route. I love academia, and I applied for positions at some universities in this area, but it can be “publish or perish” in the academic world, so that was always in my mind. I was open. That’s advice I’d give to people: consider the options out there and network.

What do you wish you had known when you were a student contemplating your career options?

Some advice before grad school: if you really love science, then do a PhD; but if you want to work in science, sometimes having a PhD can make it a little more difficult to find positions because there aren’t that many out there to accommodate this level of

education. These positions tend to be more senior, or manage-rial and are more rare. I think anyone with a doctoral degree, or working to obtain one, can understand that. If, however, you like science and want to work in a scientific field, often a master’s de-gree will be sufficient to get your foot inside industry or govern-ment within a variety of interesting occupations.

What are some of the advantages of working in industry?

The funding can be a little more assured. This isn’t always the case, but you’re not the one writing the grants, for example. Another advantage is the pay. It tends to be slightly higher at entry-level for a technologist or a scientist versus a junior PI [principal investiga-tor] or a technologist in academia. Also, industry can be slightly more “nine-to-five,” but this is not a set rule, of course. You have to keep in mind that there are competitors who may be working on the same vaccines and drugs as you, so there’s still a balance of in-tense work and more regular hours depending on project demands.

Is there anything else you think students should know about working in industry?

Industry is constantly changing. What students should realize is that projects can change, and it’s not necessarily based directly on the results or the findings. The mandate of upper management can dictate which projects survive, and which are set aside or re-prioritized. You may be dedicated to a project and have invested a lot of effort in it, but if there’s a change in direction in the com-pany, or a change in a vaccine target, you may find that your role in a project is diminished or altered. It may be a little shocking to someone who has invested so much in researching a particular pathogen or immune pathway when a project is suddenly cut. Your role may quickly change and you have to adapt. In industry it pays to be flexible.

trainees’ PostBeyond academia: is a career in industry right for you?a vaccine researcher gives students the inside scoop on working in the private sector

The scarcity of tenure-track positions in North America, and an increasingly competitive (even ruthless, some would say) research funding climate have many graduate students considering careers outside the ivory tower. Dr. Jason Szeto, who earned his PhD in microbiology and immunology from the University of Ottawa, has made the leap from academe to the private sector. After complet-ing postdoctoral work at the Hospital for Sick Children, Szeto accepted a position as a scientist at sanofi pasteur Canada to do preclinical vaccine research. While you may have been able to rub shoulders with him on S wing during the last two years, Szeto, along with the rest of his sanofi colleagues stationed at Sunny-brook, has since moved to the company’s Canadian headquarters on Steeles Avenue West. Here, he shares what led him to this path, and the pros and cons of working in industry. Dr. Jason Szeto works as a research scientist in the microscopy lab

at sanofi pasteur Canada

Sunnybrook Research Institute 7

applauseDr. Sheldon TobeUniversity of Toronto Ambulatory Community Medicine Teaching Award

Dr. Sheldon Tobe, an associate scientist in the Schulich heart research program, is the recipient of the 2009 Ambulatory Community Medicine (ACE) Teaching Award from the University of Toronto. Candidates are nomi-nated by students for the annual award, which acknowledges the outstanding contributions of a member of the ACE teaching faculty.

Dr. Jack TuHeart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario Career Investigator Award

Dr. Jack Tu, a cardiologist and senior scientist in the Schulich heart research program, was awarded a Career Investigator award by the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario. The award, worth $83,000 per year for five years, is given to independent researchers in the field of cardiovascular and/or cerebrovascular disease, who have achieved national recognition at the time of application. Tu will use the funds for his research on improv-ing the quality of cardiovascular care in Canada.

Imaging Student Wins Prize for Novel Catheter

Brian Li placed first in the Imaging for Cardiovascular Therapeu-tics poster competition at the 2010 Imaging Network Ontario research symposium, held at the University of Toronto on Febru-ary 2. Judges selected four first-place posters, one from each segment of the symposium, from a province-wide pool of 150.

“I was very surprised and humbled to be in a category with those receiving similar honours,” said Li, a first-year U of T medical student in the lab of Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre resident physician and researcher Dr. Brian Courtney.

Li’s project is a hybrid intravascular ultrasound/optical coherence tomography catheter for imaging vascular disease. The combined catheter provides detailed structural and compositional informa-tion on vulnerable plaque—a type of lipid accumulation inside an artery wall that is hidden under thin-plaque caps. Spontaneous rupturing of these plaque produce blood clots, and they are the leading cause of heart attacks. Currently undetectable in patients, these plaque can strike without warning.

“Intravascular ultrasound alone is one method to image plaque, but while it offers good depth and penetration, its resolution and ability to distinguish which plaque are vulnerable is limited,” said Courtney. “So we’ve been trying to combine it with other modali-ties, such as optical coherence tomography, which has limited penetration depth but great resolution and contrast.”

To date, only one other research group in the world has devel-oped a system that compactly combines the two technologies in one catheter, but at 2.4 millimetres in diameter it is still too large to be practical for intravascular imaging. Li and Courtney’s catheter, in contrast, is just 1.3 millimetres across, allowing ac-cess to most coronary arteries. Their lab has tested the device in

diseased vessels from human cadavers; the next step is in vivo imaging in animal models of cardiovascular disease.

Courtney and Li’s design co-aligns the device’s ultrasound and optics, enabling complementary imaging of the exact same place in the vessel. This is a huge improvement on the strategy ap-plied by previous researchers, whereby they imaged first with an ultrasound catheter followed by a second separate catheter for optical coherence tomography—an approach that increases pro-cedure time and patient risk through multiple insertions. Repeat-ed catheterizations can also alter the plaque site between image acquisitions and create uncertainty regarding plaque structure and which area is being imaged by each technique.

Li said there is work to be done in testing the device at the preclinical stage, but he believes it has great potential to aid diag-nosis and treatment planning in patients. As such, the technology merges not only imaging modalities, but Li’s two main interests: “It’s not just about developing new technology—it’s working toward clinical impact,” said Li. “In that respect, working with Dr. Courtney on this device has been perfect.”

L to R: Brian Li, Alan Soong, Annie Leung and Dr. Brian Courtney

BUlletin BOaRD

Editor: Stephanie RobertsContributors: Alisa Kim, Jim Oldfield Photography: Doug Nicholson

Nexus is published by the office of communications, Sunnybrook Research Institute: www.sunnybrook.ca/research. We welcome your suggestions. Please send all submissions to Alisa Kim at alisa.kim@sri.utoronto.ca.

May 17Night of StarsPrincess of Wales Theatrewww.nightofstars.ca

May 25Summer Student Orientation2:30–3:30 p.m.Harrison hall (EG 21)

June 8Canadian Chronic Total Occlusion Summit7:30 a.m.–4:00 p.m.Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre

June 16Cancer Research DayAll-day eventJenkin auditorium (TB 021)

June 21Centre for Research in Image-Guided Therapeutics Research DayAll-day eventHarrison hall (EG 21)

June 24Life Science Career Development Series Career Day9:00 a.m.–4:30 p.m.Medical Sciences Building, University of Torontowww.lscds.org

L to R: Dr. Naomi Matsuura, a junior scientist at SRI, UHN researcher Dr. Gang Zheng and Dr. Jean Gariépy, a senior imaging scientist newly recruited to SRI, take a coffee break at this year’s Imaging Network Ontario symposium held in February