sewage treatment processes in haryana · 2014. 5. 30. · contents • introduction • sewage...
TRANSCRIPT
Sewage Treatment Processes Sewage Treatment Processes in Haryanain Haryana
Public Health Engineering Department, Haryana
by by
SFC Environmental Technologies SFC Environmental Technologies Pvt.Pvt. Ltd.Ltd.
Contents
• Introduction
• Sewage Characterisation
• Treated Sewage Discharge Standards
• Treatment units in Sewage Treatment• Treatment units in Sewage Treatment
• Basics of Biological Process
• Overview of Sewage Treatment Technologies
• Technology Pros and Cons
• Discussion
Introduction
POPULATION
TOTAL POPULATION AS PER 2011 CENSUS
121,01,93,422
URBANURBAN
RURAL
URBAN POPULATION
60
80
100
120
Urban Population in crores
0
20
40
2011 2021 2031 2041 2051
Year
SEWAGE GENERATION
60000
80000
100000
120000
Estimated sewage generation, MLD
0
20000
40000
60000
2011 2021 2031 2041 2051
Year
STP Capacity as on 2009 - 11553
GA
P
Status of Most Sewage
Treatment Plant in India
Sewage generation & TreatmentSewage generation & Treatment
RefRef :: CPCBCPCB ReportReport onon PerformancePerformance EvaluationEvaluation ofof STPs,STPs, 20132013
Over Exploiting & Indiscriminate Disposal Of
Polluted Water Into Limited Water Resources Is
Further Aggravating The Problem
Sewage discharge into river
State of Yamuna river
Polluted Yamuna
Dal Lake, Srinagar
Powai Lake, Mumbai
Usual scenes of water bodies
Haryana Scenario
2001 2011 2021
Urban Population 2,964,678 4,755,000 10,504,000
Sewage generation, MLD 374 599 1342
Sewage Treated, MLD 164 199
Gap, MLD 200 400
Ref : National Capital Region Planning Board (NCRPB) Report, Ministry of Urban Development, GoI
400 MLD sewage goes untreated into water bodies / drains / rivers
About SETPL....
Proper & efficient treatment technology is required
for providing Sustainable & Economical Solution to
this problem …
Sewage Characteristics
Types of contaminants in SewageTypes of contaminants in Sewage
ORGANIC - Decays INORGANIC
• Sugar
• Milk
Suspended Dissolved SuspendedDissolved• Vegetable matter
• Food residue
• Floating
�Plastic bags
• Settling
�Sand
�Grit
• Salt
Biological treatmentPrimary
treatmentNo
treatment
SEWAGE CHARACTERISTICS
Floating material/ Large
suspended matter
Sand/ Grit
Oil & Grease
Chokes pumps/ pipes
Silting in tanks/ receiving bodies
Floating scum/ sticking to tanks
RAW SEWAGE CONTAINS
Oil & Grease
Suspended Solids
Organic matter (BOD/COD)
Nitrogen
Phosporous
Floating scum/ sticking to tanks & pipes
Silting & septicity
Septicity/ odour/ depletion of DO
Growth of aquatic plants
Growth of aquatic plants
BOD / CODBOD / COD
BODBiological Oxygen Demand
CODChemical Oxygen Demand
• Sugar
• Milk
Suspended Dissolved SuspendedDissolved• Vegetable matter
• Food residue
• Chemicals
• Oil
• Sulphides
BOD is amount of oxygen required by bacteria to degrade organic matter
COD is amount of oxygen required by chemicals to degrade organic matter
TREATMENT STANDARDS
Parameter Raw CPCB
BOD5, mg/L 250-300 < 30
COD, mg/L 400-550 < 250
TSS, mg/L 300-600 < 100
Turbidity, NTU -- --
NH4-N, mg/L 35-45 < 50
State PCB
< 30
< 250
< 100
--
< 50
MoUD
< 10
--
< 10
--
--
US EPA
< 10
--
--
< 2
--NH4-N, mg/L 35-45 < 50
TN, mg/L 40-50 --
TP, mg/L 5-8 < 5
pH 5.5 to 8.5 5.5 to 9.0
FaecalColiforms (MPN/100 ml)
106 --
Residual Chlorine, mg/L
-- < 1
< 50
--
< 5
5.5 to 9.0
--
< 1
--
< 10
< 2
--
< 230
--
--
--
--
6-9
Nil
< 1
Sewage Flows
100
150
200
250
% D
esi
gn
Flo
w
DAILY FLOW VARIATIONS OF RAW SEWAGE
Peak Flow – 2.25 times
Peak Flow
Average Flow
0
50
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Hrs
Lean Flow – 0.5 times
Pumps have to be designed to cater to both peak and average flow.
Typical Flow Diagram of Sewage Treatment PlantTypical Flow Diagram of Sewage Treatment Plant
FINE
SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRITRAW
SEWAGE INLET CHAMBER
RAW SEWAGE
PUMPING
COARSE
SCREENING
RAW SEWAGE PUMPING STATION PRIMARY TREATMENT
AERATION TANK
SECONDARY
CLARIFIER
TREATED
WATER
DISINFECTION
CHLORINE
SLUDGE
RECIRCULATION
AIR BLOWER
RAW SEWAGE PUMPING STATION PRIMARY TREATMENT
SECONDARY TREATMENT
TERTIARY TREATMENT
SLUDGE
SUMPCENTRIFUGE
SLUDGE
SLUDGE DEWATERING SURPLUS SLUDGE
CENTRATE
TO AT
Basics of Biological Treatment
BASICS OF AEROBIC BIOLOGICAL
PROCESS
ORGANIC MATTER + BACTERIA + OXYGEN ����ORGANIC MATTER + BACTERIA + OXYGEN ����
NEW BACTERIA + CO2 + H2O
BOD/COD
SURPLUS
SLUDGE
MLSS
CO2, H20
NEW
ORGANIC
MATTER
NEW
CELLS
(SLUDGE)
TO MEET THE OBJECTIVE OF ORGANIC MATTER
REMOVAL, BIO-MASS FORMED (WHICH ITSELF IS
ORGANIC IN NATURE) SHOULD ALSO BE SEPARATED.
USUALLY, A SETTLING TANK IS PROVIDED TO
SEPARATE BIO-MASS FORMED DURING ORGANIC
MATTER DEGRADATION.
ORGANIC
MATTER
(FOOD)
O2NUTRIENTS
(N/P)
AERATION BASIN
TEMP. MIXING
BACTERIA
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Next Session :Next Session :Next Session :Next Session :Sewage Treatment Units & Sewage Treatment Units & Sewage Treatment Units & Sewage Treatment Units &
Biological Treatment TechnologiesBiological Treatment TechnologiesBiological Treatment TechnologiesBiological Treatment Technologies
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