Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Vocabulary

• STD/ STI

• Monogamy

• Viral

• Bacterial

• Symptomatic

• Asymptomatic

• Abstinence

• Infertility

Chlamydia What is it?

• Most common bacterial

STD in the US

•   Similar to Gonorrhea

How is it transmitted?

•   Sexual intercourse

•   Possible from mother to

baby during delivery

Symptoms – Silent Destruction

•  1. Asymptomatic (60-80%)

•  2. Fever, weight loss, swollen

glands, fatigue, diarrhea

•  2. Discharge – clear, white,

grayish

•  3. Genital Itching, burning,

swelling

•  4. Dysuria (burning upon

urination)

•  5. Destruction of the Reproductive

System

Chlamydia

Complications

•  1. Testicular infection

•  2. Infertility

•  3. PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)

•  4. Conjunctivitis in newborns

Treatment

•  1. If detected early, easily cured with antibiotics

Gonorrhea

What is it?

•  1. Very common bacterial STD

•  2. If untreated, it can infect the

reproductive system, eyes and

throat

How is it transmitted?

•  1. Sexual intercourse

•  2. Mother to baby during

delivery

Symptoms

•  1. Discharge – yellowish

green

•  2. Genital Itching

•  3. Dysuria (burning upon

urination)

•  4. Often Symptomatic

•  5. Symptoms may occur

within 3-5 days

Gonorrhea Complications

•  1. PID

•  2.Testicular infection--can require surgical removal

•  3. Infertility

•  4. Arthritis

•  5. Conjunctivitis in newborns

•  6. Meningitis (inflammation of brain lining)

•  7. Endocarditis (inflammation of the heart lining)

Treatment

•  1. Easily cures with antibiotics

Gonorrhea

SyphilisWhat is it?

•  1. Bacterial infection

•  2. Carried by the bloodstream to central nervous system and organs

•  3. Can cause serious complications

How is it transmitted?

•  1. Direct contact with sore, lesion, or moist rash

•  2. Usually sexual intercourse

•  3. Moist kisses if lesions are on the mouth or lips

•  4. Pregnant women to their babies

•  5. Infected needles

SyphilisSymptoms

•  1. Primary

– painless lesions (10-19 days)

– Painful sore (chancre) appears at the

spot where the bacteria entered the

body.

– May last 5 weeks, will heal on it's own

– On a female, this is typically internal

and can't be seen.

•  2. Secondary

– rash, hair loss, inflammation of

lymphs, nickel- and dime-sized

lesions

– fever/sore throat, mucus patches in

the mouth

•  3. Latent

– All symptoms disappear and

person thinks they are cured

– Without treatment, bacteria

begins to damage brain,

central nervous system,

major organs, bones, joints

•  4. Tertiary

– Signs of internal damage

show up 10-30 years later

SyphilisComplications

•  1. Paralysis

•  2. Central Nervous System Disorders

•  3. Deterioration of the skin

•  4. Blindness

•  5. Heart attacks

Treatment

•  1. Penicillin

Syphilis

Scabies What is it?

•  1. Contagious Skin Disease

•  2. Caused by infestation of

mites (tiny bugs)

•  3. Mites burrow under the skin

How is it transmitted?

•  1. Close physical contact

– sexual intercourse

– sleeping in the same bed

•  2. Improper hygiene

Prevention

•  1. No certain prevention, avoid

unsanitary environments

Symptoms

•  1. Painful itching

•  2. Reddish, zigzagged furrows

around genital areas,

buttocks, between fingers,

elbows and wrists, underarms,

or feet

Scabies

Complications

•  1. Infestation can be very painful

•  2. Scratching can worsen infestation

•  3. Dangerous for people with HIV

Treatment

•  1. Over-the-counter creams

Scabies

Crabs/Pubic Lice

What is it?

•  1. Tiny, whitish-gray or rust

colored parasites

•  2. Thrive in pubic hair

•  3. Attach their eggs to hair shafts

How is it transmitted?

•  1. Close physical contact –

especially sexual intercourse

•  2. Using bedding and clothing

that has been used by an

infected person

Prevention

•  1. No certain prevention – proper

hygiene

Symptoms

•  1. Crabs are visible as they move

•  2. Scratching may result in skin

infections

•  3. Small, blue spots or bite marks

•  4. Fever

Crabs/Pubic Lice

Complications

•  1. Scratching may result in skin infections

Treatment

•  1. Lotions and shampoos

•  2. All clothing or linens should be washed with

hot water and bleached to prevent reappearance

Crabs/Pubic Lice

Trichomoniasis

What is it?

•  1. Caused by microscopic parasite

•  2. Causes infections of the vagina,

urethra and bladder

•  3. 7.4 million new cases each year

How is it transmitted?

•  1. Sexual intercourse

•  2. Infected washcloths and towels

•  3. To baby during delivery

Symptoms

•  1. Females

– Inflammation of the

vagina

– Mild urethral itching or

discharge and burning

during urination

– Itching and burning

•  2. Males

– Typically asymptomatic

Trichomoniasis

Complications

•  1. You don’t know you have it but you can

spread it

•  2. Increases the chances of transmitting HIV

Treatment

•  1. Prescription drug

Trichomoniasis

Genital Herpes(Herpes Simplex II)

What is it?

•  1. Viral Infection

•  2. Causes painful/blistery sores

in genital and/or anal areas

How is it transmitted?

•  1. Sexual Intercourse

•  2. Mother to child during

vaginal birth

•  3. Most contagious when open

sores are present

•  4. highly contagious

Symptoms

•  1. Begins with tingling or

burning of genitals

•  2. Small, red bumps – turn

to blisters in or around

genitals

•  3. Swollen lymph glands,

fever and headaches

•  4. Aching muscles, fever

and headaches

Genital Herpes

Complications

•  1. Painful – can be managed

•  2. Sores disappear but return (especially at times of high stress)

•  3. Women – increases the risk of cervical cancer

•  4. Conjunctivitis

Treatment

•  1. No cure!!!

•  2. Anti-viral treatment eases pain

Genital Herpes

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)Genital Warts

What is it?

• Most common STD in the US

– 5.5 million new cases each year

– 3 of 4 Americans between ages of

15 and 49 have been  infected with

HPV

•  Virus

How is it transmitted?

•  1. Spread skin to skin during

sexual intercourse

•  2. Not present in blood or semen

Symptoms

•  1. Hard, fleshy, cauliflower-

like warts

•  2. Itching and bleeding

•  3. Some warts may be

where you can't see them,

or may be too small to see.

•  3. Some are asymptomatic,

but carry the virus

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)Genital Warts

Complications

•  1. Extreme discomfort

•  2. Can complicate childbirth

•  3. PID--infertility

•  4. Increases risk of Cervical Cancer

Treatment

•  1. No known cure

•  2. Can cut out or burn off warts but they can return and

infect larger areas

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)Genital Warts

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

What is it?

•   Virus that causes Acquired

Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

•   1 million people in the US have HIV

or AIDS

•  34 million people worldwide

How is it transmitted?

– Sexual Intercourse--exchange of fluids

– Sharing needles

– Breast milk

– Mother to baby through umbilical cord

Symptoms

•  1. Some people have

mild, flu-like

symptoms

•  2. Many are

asymptomatic

•  3. Only way to know

is to be tested

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Complications

•  AIDS

– Kaposi's sarcoma

– pneumonia

Treatment

•  1. Anti-viral therapy

•  2. Combinations of many drugs to inhibit HIV virus