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Study Guide: Chapters 1 - 3 BIO 250

Chapter 1

1. Know the characteristics of living things.

2. Understand the organization of life from simplest to complex. Know the order of organization.3. Know the names and locations of the body’s cavities and membranes that surround them.

4. Describe how homeostatic mechanisms are important in understanding physiology.

5. Know the difference between positive and negative feedback systems.

6. Recognize the names and locations of the nine abdominopelvic regions.7. Recognize the basic anatomical body location terminology.

8. Be able to define or use in a sentence the following terms: homeostasis, membrane, sagittal,

coronal, oblique.

Chapter 2

1. Know the names and characteristics of the three subatomic particles.

2. Know how atomic weight is determined.3. Describe the three different types of bonds and know the relative strengths of each.

4. Describe an acid and a base. understand the definition of pH.

5. Know which elements would be found in an organic molecule.6. Know the four groups of macromolecules found in life.

7. For each group know: name of the monomer, recognize the basic chemical structure of the

monomer, an example of the polymer, describe the cellular functions of the polymers.8. Know the complex structures that the macromolecules can form including: the four levels of 

 protein organization, DNA double helix, and lipid bilayer.

9. Be able to define or use in a sentence the following terms: elements, atomic number, isotope,

ion, compound, molecule, covalent, hydrophobic, hydrophilic, polar, saturated, ATP, steroid,macromolecule.

Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function

1. Be able to describe the relationship of organism size and cellular organization (surface area).2. For each organelle: know the structure and specific functions, enclosing membrane structure,

location and relationship to other organelles.

3. Know the two different kinds of ribosomes.4. Describe the organization of lipids and proteins in the plasma membrane and the value of 

cholesterol.

5. Know the special modifications of lipids, and proteins and their significance.6. Be able to define or use in a sentence the following terms: glycoprotein, vesicle, microtubule,

golgi body, nucleolus, nuclear pore, cilia, flagella, centriole.

7. Describe the general structure and function of carriers, channels, and receptors.

8. Know what molecules can and cannot easily pass through the plasma membrane.

9. Describe what diffusion is and be able to give a specific example of how it works in the cell.10. Explain what a differentially permeable membrane is and its importance in osmosis.

11. Describe how animal cells respond to isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic solutions.12. Describe the difference between active and facilitated transport.

13. Know the three different kinds of transport that involve vesicle interactions with the plasma

membrane.14. Be able to define or use in a sentence the following terms: crenation, hydrolysis, endocytosis,

exocytosis, concentration gradient, hypotonic.

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Study Guide: Chapters 1 - 3 BIO 250

Chapter 3: Mitosis

1. Know the parts of the cell cycle including parts of interphase.

2. Describe the nuclear and cytoplasmic characteristics of a cell during interphase, prophase,metaphase, anaphase and telophase.

3. Be able to define or use in a sentence the following terms: chromatin, chromatid, chromosome,

spindle fibers, centriole, cytokinesis.

Q110