Playgrounds as Domestic Reform

Suzanne M. Spencer-WoodOakland U. and Harvard U.

And Renée M. Blackburn, MIT

Child Workers, Macon GA 1909

Library of Congress prints and photographs division nclc.01581

Boys on school swings, Detroit 1909

Arthur 1909:11

Washington Park Playground, Pittsburgh 1907

Playground Association of America

Boys gambling in NYC street

Cavallo 1981

Ashmead Park Playground, Jamaica, Queens, NYC 1914

NYC Parks Photo Archive

N. Bennet St. Industrial School roof playground

Schlesinger Library, Harvard U.

Central Park Girls’ Swing, NYC, 1871

Harper’s Weekly Magazine 1871

Charlesbank Promenade, Boston c. 1900

Courtesy of the Bostonian Society Library

Luther Gulick

Cavallo 1981

Henry Curtis

Cavallo 1981

Lillian Wald (1867-1940) in 1919

By William Valentine Schevill, US National Portrait Gallery

Women delegates to PAA

Cavallo 1981

Dr. Maria E. Zakrzewska 1896

New England Hospital for Women and Children Records, Sophia Smith Collections, Smith College

Berlin Sand Garden

Rainwater 1922

1885 Parmenter chapel playground

Rainwater 1922

Boston’s early

settlement playgrounds,

circled

Spencer-Wood

Boston school sand garden unsupervised

Rainwater 1922

Boston school playground

Rainwater 1922

Boys’ playground, NYC

Cavallo 1981

Jane Addams c. 1890

Hull House playground top left

Hayden 1981:166

Boys’ team in Elizabeth Peabody House social settlement children’s garden 1915

West End, New Boston 1915

Joseph Lee

Cavallo 1981

Pine St. sand garden

Brooks Papers, Schlesinger Library, Harvard University

Pine St. playground

Brooks Papers, Schlesinger Library, Harvard University

Pine St. playground mixed race game

Brooks Papers, Schlesinger Library, Harvard University

Pine St. playground, whites

Brooks Papers, Schlesinger Library, Harvard University

Pine St. playground, blacks

Brooks Papers, Schlesinger Library, Harvard University

Pine St. playground

Brooks Papers, Schlesinger Library, Harvard University

Cambridge, MA (US) boys’ team

Brooks Papers, Schlesinger Library, Harvard University

Pine Street Vacant Lot at Eaton St.

1900 Sanborn Map

Cambridge MA Donnelly Field playground, 1911 plan

Schlesinger Library, Harvard University

Extant Donnelly Field Playground, Cambridge, MA, USA

Charlesbank park-playground, top

Woods 1903

Charlesbank Promenade, Boston c. 1900

Courtesy of the Bostonian Society Library

Charlesbank Male Playground 1889

Courtesy of the Bostonian Society Library

Charlesbank boys’ outdoor gymnasium, 1889

Courtesy of the Bostonian Society Library

Charlesbank female playground 1891

Courtesy of the Bostonian Society Library

Charlesbank Sand Garden

Courtesy of the Bostonian Society Library

Charlesbank women’s track

Courtesy of the Bostonian Society Library

Joseph Lee’s Playground Referendum

Schlesinger

Charlestown, MA Park GymnasiumsMen’s Left, Women’s Right

Courtesy of the Bostonian Society Library

Franklin Field, Dorchester, MA

Boston Post Card Co.

San Francisco playground

The City’s Well Equipped Playgrounds, San Francisco Chronicle Nov. 20, 1910

Girls’ playground, Los Angeles, CA

Rainwater 1922

Denison House playground

1912 Denison House Annual Report

Mary Graham Jones, 1909, withHartford, CT, settlement boys

Lewis Wilkes Hine for the National Labor Committee

North St. playground Hartford, CTc. 1914

Girls on teeters, boys on swings, Detroit c.1908

Arthur 1909:14

Clara Arthur 1858-1929

The Michigan Women’s Historical Center and Hall of Fame

Clara Arthur’s Home, 1897, with surrounding empty lots

Twentieth Century Club

Jefferson Ave., Detroit, ca. 1900

Bak, Detroit Land

Detroit school supervisor 1908Wales Martindale

Arthur 1909:9

Russell School site

1900 Sanborn

Detroit schoolyard: Boys play, girls watch from school windows

Arthur 1909: 6

Belle Isle Park, Children’s Playground

Detroit Publishing Co.

Palmer Park, Detroit, ca. 1900

Detroit Publishing Co. Collection, LOC

Clark Park, Detroit

Detroit Publishing Company, shorpy.com

Detroit Lincoln School playground

Arthur 1909:3

1,200 Detroit schoolchildren without a playground

Playground 5 no. 11 (1912)

Franklin St. Social Settlement and playground site, 1897 Sanborn

Franklin St. Settlement and Playground, ca. 1903

Harvard University Library Open Collections Program

Franklin St. Settlement House, ca. 1903

Harvard University Library Open Collections Program

Franklin St. Settlement Woman’s Club, ca. 1903

Harvard University Library Open Collections Program

Franklin St. Settlement Playground, ca. 1903

Harvard University Library Open Collections Program

References Cited• Arthur, Clara B. 1909. Detroit Playgrounds- History of Playground

beginnings in Detroit, Michigan. Playground Vol. III (1):2-15.• Cavallo, Dominick. 1981. Muscles and Morals: Organized Playgrounds and

Urban Reform 1880-1920. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia• Denison House: The College Settlement in Boston. 1912. Twentieth Annual

Report for theyear ending october 1, 1912.n.p., College settlement,Boston.• Michigan Women’s Historical Center and Hall of Fame.

http://hall.michiganwomen.org/honoree.php?C=0&A=62~138~71• Rainwater, Clarence. 1922. The Play Movement in the United States: A

Study of Community Recreation. University of Chicago Press.• Temple, Ronald. 1910. The City’s Well Equipped Playgrounds: San

Francisco Ahead of Other Cities in Caring for it’s children. The San Francisco Chronicle Sunday Nov. 20