prepared by :

Hemn akram

Supervisor: m.goran

Introduction Shasta dam Construction Preparations and camps

shasta Spillway Shasta Power Plant Shasta Temperature Control Device Shasta Transformer Deck Tours and recreation

dam: is a barrier that impounds water or underground streams. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water, while other structures such as floodgates or levees (also known as dikes) are used to manage or prevent water flow into specific land regions. Hydropower and pumped-storage hydroelectricity are often used in conjunction with dams to generate electricity. A dam can also be used to collect water or for storage of water which can be evenly distributed between locations.

Arch dams

Gravity dams

Arch-gravity dams

Barrages

Embankment dams

Power generation

Water supply

Stabilize water flow / irrigation

Flood prevention

Land reclamation

Water diversion

Navigation

Recreation and aquatic beauty

Shasta Dam (called Kennett Dam before its construction) is a gravity dam across the Sacramento River in the northern part of the U.S. state of California, at the north end of the Sacramento Valley. The dam mainly serves long-term water storage and flood control in its reservoir, Shasta Lake, and also generates hydroelectric power. At 602 feet (183 m) high, it is the ninth-tallest dam in the United States and forms the largest reservoir in California.

to release for irrigation andsalinity control in the Delta.

flood control.

to protect communities along the Sacramento River.

water supply benefits.

Meet recreational and environmental needs.

power generation.

Construction started in earnest in 1937 under the

supervision of Chief Engineer Frank Crowe. During its

building, the dam provided thousands of much-needed

jobs; it was finished twenty-six months ahead of

schedule in 1945. When completed, the dam was the

second-tallest in the United States after Hoover, and was

considered one of the greatest engineering feats of all

time.

Status In use

Construction began

1938

Opening date 1945

Owner(s) U.S. Bureau Of Reclamation

The World’s Longest Conveyor Belt

The Pit River Bridge

Southern Pacific Railroad

Concrete Placement

Over twelve million tons of gravel would be needed to build the massive dam, and a good supply was found along the Sacramento River in Redding, California. To transport all that gravel, the world’s longest conveyor belt was built to deliver the gravel to the old mining town of Coram, just downstream of the dam site. The belt was an amazing (15.3 km) long and operated 24 hours a day for several years.

The early phase of dam construction also included moving over 30 miles of Southern Pacific Railroad

track which was running right through the dam site. Moving the train was a major undertaking, and

required the building of many bridges, trestles and tunnels. One tunnel, shown here, was built right

through the hillside to temporarily detour the train around the dam site so excavation of the western

abutment could begin. This was just part of a much bigger plan.

The plan also included the Pit River Bridge, a massive double-deck bridge which includes both Interstate 5 and the train, crossing over Shasta Lake (note train on lower deck). After this bridge was built they were able to permanently relocate the train to its new home above Shasta Lake where it still runs today.

Building of the dam's main concrete structure started in July 1940 after the cable systems had been completed and the mixing plant came on line. Steel buckets capable of carrying 8 cubic yards (6.1 m3) of concrete, weighing 16 tonnes when full, traveled back and forth along the lines.

For three years, thousands of men labored building the dam's massive abutments pouring concrete into large modular "blocks" (15 m) square and (1.5 m) deep. These blocks were shaped using wooden forms, which were removed when the concrete dried and rebuilt to handle the next block above it.

Workers were busy building the abutments of the dam until 1943, when it was time to start the spillway. Up until this time, the Sacramento River had continued to flow in its original channel, right through the middle of the dam site. During this same time workers were also busy working on completing a new path for the Southern Pacific Railroad.

After the new train track was completed, the Southern Pacific Railroad was ready to run on its new course.

With this relocation, workers at the dam site were now able to divert the Sacramento River through the same tunnel that was used earlier as a temporary detour for the train. This allowed them to clear out the original river channel and complete the construction of Shasta Dam.

Shasta Power Plant A visit to Shasta Power Plant shows us the five huge generators capable of producing 710 megawatts.

These generators have recently undergone an upgrade, increasing their efficiency rating to 98%, using today's latest technology. Put into operation in 1944, Shasta Power Plant has been producing power for over 60 years.

Today when we go outside at the base of the dam we get a magnificent view of the finished product. Shasta Dam’s spillway is used to provide flood control – the 18 valves, or outlets, seen on the face of the dam allow operators to manage the lake level, providing flood control downstream. At the top are massive steel drum gates, also used in the management of the lake level.

Spillways 1

Type of spillway

River outlets+triple drum gates

Spillway capacity

(7,580 m3/s)

The Temperature Control Device (TCD) was designed to ensure cold water releases to the river, providing suitable habitat for downstream fish populations and fish spawing. Completed in 1997, this underwater construction project is the largest of its type ever built. With the TCD, managers at Shasta Dam are now able to withdraw water from a range of depths, including the deeper, colder water, sending it through the generators, maximizing power generation, while meeting water commitments and environmental needs downstream.

Once power is generated it is sent to transformers where the voltage is increased from 13,000 volts to 230,000 volts for transmission. The Western Area Power Administration is responsible for selling federally produced power for use in the west. Power is sold to public power customers throughout the 15 Western States.

Reclamation holds guided tours of the Shasta Dam year round, each taking two to three hours. There also are a visitor center and auditorium. The tours comprise a 428-foot (130 m) elevator ride to the base of the dam, and visits to the dam's inner galleries and the powerhouse among other areas.Shasta Lake has a surface of 30,310 acres (12,270 ha) at full pool and is surrounded by the Shasta-Trinity National Forest

. Many public and private marinas, campgrounds, RV parks, resorts and boat launches border the reservoir, one of the most popular recreational lakes in California. Houseboating, water-skiing, swimming and fishing are among the numerous activities available at the lake; hiking, picnicking, mountain biking, hunting and camping are popular in the mountainous vicinity surrounding it.

https://maps.google.com/

http://www.shastalake.com/shastadam/

http://www.tworvgypsies.us/photos-25-redding-ca-shasta-dam.html

http://www.usbr.gov/mp/ncao/shasta/

http://www.usbr.gov/projects/Facility.jsp?fac_Name=Shasta+Dam

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shasta_Dam