A Term Paper Presentation on

By : Jyoti Ghimire

(Biswakarma)

Roll No : 20

M.Sc. Forestry (2013-2015)

Institute of Forestry, Pokhara

Presentation Outline

1.Introduction

2.Global context

3.Pattern of felling

4.kinds of shelterwood system

5.Advantages

6.Difficulties

7.Conclusions

8.Recommendation

Introduction • In shelterwood system, the old stand is removed

in a series of cuttings to promote the

establishment of a new even-aged stand under

the shelter of the old one.

• The central theme to shelterwoods is that the

overstorey leave-trees are left on site to protect

the regenerating understorey until the

understorey no longer requires the protection.

(www.forestrynepal.org/notes/silviculture-systems/7)

Global Context

• The shelterwood system evolved during early

19th century from Britain.

• First investigated by von Huber in Bavaria

(Spurr 1956)

• Applied for forest products regulation in

▫ North American continent ( Canada, USA)

▫ British Columbia, India

▫ Strip sheltewood practiced in silver fir in

European virgin forest .

▫ In Nepal, partially followed in Kapilvastu.

Pattern of felling

There are 4 phases of cutting in the shelterwood

method

• Preparatory cutting

• Seed cutting

• Removal cutting

Pattern of felling cont….

• Preparatory cuttings

The purpose of this cut is to remove species

that are not desired so that they do not

contribute seeds to the establishment cut. If

this is not a problem, the preparatory cut is

not necessary.

Pattern of felling cont..

• Seed cut

It opens up the stand, allowing sunlight to

reach the forest floor, where it stimulates the

germination and growth of seedlings.

• Removal cut

The removal cut harvests all the mature

trees. By giving the saplings full sunlight, the

removal cut encourages the rapid growth of a

new forest.

Pattern of felling cont..

Kinds of shelterwood

system• Uniform shelter wood system

The canopy is uniformly opened up over the

whole area of a compartment to obtain

uniform regeneration under the shelter of

remaining old crop.

• Strip shelter wood system

Regeneration felling is done in the form of

strips successively from one side of the

compartment, progressing against the

direction of wind. Developed by Wagner

(1921), Eberhard (1914).

Kinds of shelterwood system

cont…

Group shelter wood system

• Smallest circle for final felling, medium

circle for secondary felling, and largest

circle for seeding felling are carried out in

scattered groups

• It was tried in Deodar, Kail and Sal forests

in India but was not successful due to

management problems.

Kinds of shelterwood cont…

• One cut shelter wood system

Regeneration felling is done in one operation.

It is applied only when advance regeneration

is well.

• Irregular shelter wood system

Regeneration felling is on the pattern of

group system but as the regeneration period

is long, the crop produced is uneven aged or

irregular.

Shelterwood System

Strip shelter wood system

Uniform shelter wood system

Shelterwood System cont..

Group shelter wood system

Shelterwood System cont..

One cut shelter wood system

Shelterwood System cont..

Irregular shelter wood system

Advantages of the Shelterwood

• Soil is not completely denuded so there is little risk

of soil deterioration and erosion.

• The young crop is protected against adverse

climatic factors such as cold, frost, etc.

• Suitable system for the regeneration of both light

demander and shade bearer spps.

• From aesthetic point of view, the system is

superior to clear felling.

Difficulties in the Shelterwood

• As the over wood is removed in more than

one operation, there is much damage to the

young crop.

• Silviculture workers require greater skills than

those required in clear cutting:

• The isolated seed bearers are susceptible to

wind damage.

Conclusion

The shelterwood system protect and shelter

the developing regeneration. The trees which

are growing vigorously are retained to

provide shelter, Seed, rapid diameter

increment and value increment and

protection of site against deterioration.

Recommendation

•Silvicultural system are not as easy as they sound

because it requires a long term vision and

intervention objectives of a owner/state of forest.

•In Nepal, it can be praciticed as a major

contributor of national GDP, various benefits and

for research purpose.