shipping container housing paper.pdf

8/13/2019 SHIPPING CONTAINER HOUSING PAPER.pdf

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THE POTENTIALS OF THE SHIPPING CONTAINER HOUSES IN THE THIRD WORLD

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUMFACULTY OF ARCHITECTUREDEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGNMSC PROGRAMME YEAR 2013ARCHITECTURE &HOUSINGARC 609

Presented by :ABDA ABDELHAMIED MOHAMMED

Supervised by :DR. AHMED ABD- ALLAH

PAPER NAME :


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UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUMFACULTY OF ARCHITECTUREDEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGNARC 609 YEAR 2013

Introduction :

Most shipping container architecture conversions have how-ever been for temporary accommodation needs, for example, storage,make-shift shops, emergency shelters and site offices.

However, this concept of using shipping containers as modularbuilding components in architecture and green prefabricated home

building designs is still foreign to building practitioners and residents inthird world contries . While it is uncertain where the concept of ContainerHousing originated or who rst thought of recycling shipping containersinto structural shells of livable units, the fact remains that at present, itis a concept widely canvassed worldwide. Numerous examples may befound of utilizing this material as a stand-alone livable unit or used incombination as a Medium-Rise Building. Advocates of utilizing this material as building block forconstruction have enumerated its positive qualities. However, it is im-portant to note that shipping containers, as a livable space, is not aperfect material, particularly with its responsiveness to the weatherchanges.

Methodology:

A review of literatures supporting or critiquing this methodof approach is examined.The paper identied that the intended hous-ing typology to be studied is Medium-Rise Housing (MRH).

After that the paper identies the various parameters onwhich the conventional MRH and it equivalent Container Housing are

based. These parameters are:

Engineering Details :structural stability incorporation of utilities (i.e.electricity, water supply, waste management, etc.)response of raw material to some natural disasters (e.g. typhoon,oods, earthquake, etc.)Thermal Comfort insulation methods alterations needed to make itmore responsive in terms of natural ventilationAlteration Issues: methods and tools needed in making alterations

Research Question : The study investigates whether Container Housing can be a so-lution to the housing needs of urban- poor settings. this is carried outthrough a comparison with conventional Medium-Rise Housing .

Keywords: Medium-Rise Housing, shipping containers, urban poor housing



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Advantages:

Strength and durability : containers are largely made of steel,aluminium,Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic or reinforced wood. Modular : ISO Containers possess an arithmetic relationship. Transportable : they are the core of the intermodal system oftransport. Availability : containers are practically everywhere. On theother hand, imbalance of trade could contribute to the shortage orsurplus of them depending on country to country and city to city. Cost: due to their mass production new and used shippingcontainers are relatively cheap.

Shipping Container Types & Sizes

Size Length Width Height

8ft shipping container 8ft (2.43m) 7ft (2.20m) 7ft 6in (2.27m)10ft shipping container 9ft - 10in (2.99 m) 8ft (2.44m) 8ft 6in (2.59m)20ft shipping container 20ft (6.06m) 8ft (2.44m) 8ft 6in (2.6m)40ft shipping container 40ft (12.2m) 8ft (2.44m) 8ft 6in (2.6m)


Disadvantages

Temperature: low insulation : Containers in their standardform are prone to condensation. Labour : cutting steel requires specialised workers and some-times residential contractors are not used to using special machinery such as cranes. Construction site : steel boxes are generally better suited tobe in at than sloping sites. Building permits: most of the time buildings that use cargocontainers are evaluated as non-standard structures which meanmore paperwork. Cargo spillages : many of them carry toxic substances.

Solvents: some solvents and sealant are used that can beharmful for human health.



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National and international examples of shippingcontainers buildings:

Numerous national and international examples of container housing have been analyzed for this study,

some of which are discussed below.

Example one :SALAM CARDIAC CENTRE -SUDAN

To build a rst-rate Centre for cardiac surgery in a climate such asSudans, with temperatures above 40degrees Celsius most of the year and frequent sandstorms, the structuremust be designed sand-proof, andheat-proof.Innovative cooling, insulation andltration technologies utilised at theSalam Centre allowed decreasingsignicantly the energetic consumption




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Example two : CONTAINER CITY 2 , LONDON

An icon higly published and promoted,container city may be one ofthe most important uildings madeof steel shipping trade boxes.As can be seen in pictures, steel posts were added in order to bear the projectionof the unit (yellow and pale blue containers) on both sides of the building; thesame might have been done for the second level in order to avoid stresses and tor-sion due to wind loads.




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Example three : Family residence house ,FranceThe crossbox house is a private residence built fromfour containers with a

green garden at the top of it ..Utilizes drywall andcladding to camouagethe industrial skeleton.



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Example four : Guest house , San ANTONIO

Located in the San Antonio artistscommunity, the house, made from astandard 40-foot shipping container (320

sq ft), stands in the backyard of renovatedwarehouse where the client lives.The blue-painted container isequipped with heating and air-conditioningsystems and its roof is lled with plants tohelp keep temperatures down inside thebuilding.



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Conventional Medium-RiseHousing Unit

Container Housing Unit

StructuralComponents

Requires soundstructural design

Requires good footing Needs to keep the posts

and beams of the container intactFloor Level 5 stories high May be stacked up to 8 or

9 liveable stories Usually stacked 4 or 5

stories highIncorporation OfUtilities

Pipelines areconcealed beneathfloor and wall finishes

Pipelines are eitherconcealed by doublewalls or segregated to theexterior

Response To NaturalDisasters

Performs well in hurricane

and earthquake-prone areas Designed for harshenvironments or circumstancesbrought by sea voyage

Does not respond wellwith ground moisturehence the need to beelevated


All information listed in the succeeding tables are based on all document studied,

Comparison between the conceptual container housing unit and the conventional medium-rise housing unit

1. Engineering Details



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Conventional Medium-Rise Housing Unit


Insulation Methods No insulationrequired/applied

Requires insulation

Natural Ventilation Issues Promotes crossventilation

Conventional Medium-RiseHousing Unit


Pre-cutting or initialalteration of units may bedone in factory for afaster & cheaper option(mass production)

If on site, oxy-acetylenewelding / cutting are used


2. Thermal Comfort

3. Alteration Issues



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EngineeringDetails

for a 5-storey building, the 2 housing types exhibit similarcharacteristics

container housing units only requires the additionalprecautionary measure of elevating the unit above ground notonly for flood reasons but also to keep the ground moisturefrom corroding the material

Thermal Comfort while both may be insulated by the same means (i.e. foaminsulation), the conventional unit do not actually need thisinsulation while the container housing unit requires it

Alteration Issues the container housing unit have the option to be pre-fabricated for a faster, more exact, and cheaper construction(for mass production)

Comparison Summary:



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As demonstrated by the tables above, based on the categories onwhich the 2 housing types were investigated, Container Housing is afeasible solution for Low-Cost Housing in the third world or at least, itperforms as well as that of a Conventional Medium-Rise Housing unit.Also, analysis from the information gathered through the studyindicates that the strongest feature of this type of material are:

(1) its capacity for speedy construction not only through prefabricationbut also through the method of construction (i.e. lifting and stacking theunits like Lego blocks)(2) its capacity to be easily dismantled and transferred to a differentsite. However, since the study done was mostly a documentary analysis, itis recommended that further studies be made, particularly that ingauging the actual performance of the unit through the construction ofa prototype unit. This will give a clearer insight on the performance ofa Container Housing unit by generating actual or empirical data.Also, to better gauge the effectiveness of this type of material for medium-term occupancy, structural testing of the unit may be requiredto arrive at a clearer data on the number of years that a shippingcontainer may still be considered as structurally sound as a livable unit

after it has been classied as being no longer seaworthy.

Furthermore, additional studies are needed to determine how receptivelocal regulations and building officials are to this type of construction aswell as to what particular or additional rules and regulations are neededfor this material and type of construction.

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS



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Shipping Containers Housing Benets. http://www.shipping-containerhousing.com.

Shipping Container Standard Dimensions. http://www.shipping-containerhousing.com.

Modular Builders using ISO Shipping Containers as Base Building Module.(Copyright 2002-2010).http://www.residentialshippingcontainerprimer.com.

Howard, B.C. Amazing Homes and Offices Built from Shipping Containers.http://www.thedailygreen.com.

Fuller, M. (2006). Building a Container House. http://www.bobvila.com.


Refrences:


shipping container housing paper.pdf

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