shoshone - english dictionary

7/28/2019 Shoshone - English Dictionary

1/44

Shoshone Dictionary

A

aaa (-a) Crow Indian

aapo (-a) apple

ada (-a)

mothers brother (uncle)male cousin

sisters son / daughter (M)

adee they / those(over there) (PL/SUBJ)

adehi them / those (over there) (DL/OBJ)

adeeN their (over there) (PL/POSS)

adeheN their (over there) (DL/POSS)

adehwe they / those (over there) (DL/SUBJ)

adeN that (over there) (SG/SUBJ)

adeuka thats because...

agai (agai) salmon

aka that (over there) (SG/OBJ)

akaN that (over there) (SG/POSS)

aku over there (ADV/PLACE)

andapuN differently (ADV)

ape (-a) father

aseN that (over there) (contrastive)(SG/SUBJ)

a[]wo (awoi) dish / plate

awogozho[]hai- to wash dishes


2/44

(ne) awogozho[]haikwainna

(I) usually wash the dishes (iterative aspect)

(refer to:gozho[]hai-

aiaingabitehwe (-tehi))

red (dual form)

aibehibite (aibehibiti) blue

aidee they / these (not close enough to touch) (PL/SUBJ)

aideeN their (not close enough to touch) (PL/POSS)

aideheN their (not close enough to touch) (DL/POSS)

aidehi they / these (not close enough to touch) (DL/OBJ)

aidehwethese (not close enough to touch)

(DL/SUBJ)

aidei they / these (not close enough to touch) (PL/OBJ)

aideN this (not close enough to touch) (SG/SUBJ)

aika this (not close enough to touch) (SG/OBJ)

aikaN this (not close enough to touch) (SG/POSS)

aiki here (not close enough to touch) (ADV/PLACE)

aikwehibite (aikwehibiti) purple

ainga- red (prefix)

aingaaibi (-ti/-ta) pink

aingabite (aingabiti) red

aisheNthis (not close enough to touch)(singular) (subject case) (contrastive aspect)

aisheN thank you


3/44

aishimbite (aishimbiti) grey

B

baa (bai) water

baaema- [baaewa-]

baaema [baaewa]

baaemafenni

to rain hard

it rains/rained hard (durative aspect)

it is/was raining hard (continuative aspect)

baagenaiH-

baagenaihka

baagenaihkanna

to be foggy

it is/was foggy (resultative aspect)

that/while it is foggy (relative clause)

baaN on top of (postposition)

baandeabove, (high) over (postposition)

(static transitive verbs with no motion)

baangu

on top of (postposition)

(transitive verbs of motion; movement towards)

baazagaiH-

baazagaifenni

baazagai

to sprinkle, rain lightly

it is/was sprinkling (continuative aspect)

it sprinkles/sprinkled (durative aspect)

babi (-a) older brother

bahambia (-a) brothers wife, sister-in-law (female)

baha (-a)

fathers sister, auntfathers female cousin

brothers son/daughter (female)

baide (-a) daughter (also: baide (baidi))


4/44

-baidu at; towards, to (postposition) (also: -baitu)

baihyugi next to; beside (postposition)

baingwi (baingwi) fish

baisheN already

-baitu (refer to: -baidu)

bakiehe (-a) Blackfeet (Indian)

banabuiH (-ha) / banabui (-a) window

bannaite (-a) Bannock (Indian)

basa-

basnnu

to dry up (intransitive verb)

dried up (completive)

basakwai-

basakwainna

to be/become dry (intransitive verb)

that/which becomes dry (relative clause)

basigoo (basigooa) Indian potatoes (camas root)

bazi (-a) older sister; older female cousin; herself

beaichehku (early) morning

beaichehkuseN (early) in the morning (adverb)

beaim beeN long ago, a long time ago (adverb)

beaiN long ago, a long time ago (adverb)

beaitembe (-ha) old

benneN self (myself, oneself etc.)


5/44

bia (-a) mother; mothers sister (aunt)

biagwasuu (-na) coat

biaseemote (one) hundred

biaape (-a) fathers older brother

biaichi (-a)

bibiaichinehwe (-nehi)

bibiaichi (-a)

big

big (dual form)

big (plural form)

-bide- to arrive and (+ verb) (auxiliary verb)

bide-

biide-

bidennu

to arrive (intransitive verb)

(pausal form)

has/have arrived, has/have come (completive aspect)

biiyaiH-

biiyaihka

to be left over

is/are left over (resultative aspect)

binna[]gwa then; later (adverb)

binnagwaseN later (adverb)

binnangwa behind (facing speaker) (postposition)

bituseN back (adverb)

bizhiyuhu (bizhiyuhi) butter

bizhi (-a) udder (of cow); breast; milk

bizhiguchuN (-na) milk cow (feminine gender)


6/44

Bohogoi Gibson (district on the Fort Hall reservation)

Botoode Fort Hall (used by older speakers)

boyokamia-

boyokamia

to trot (of horses)

to walk (masculine gender) (transitive verb)

is/are trottingis/are walking (masculine gender) (durative aspect)

bozhe[]na (bozhe[]nai) buffalo / bison

buhibite (buhibiti) green

buhi-dekape (-ha) (head of) lettuce; salad

buhihsea-

buhihseagu

to sprout (of plants);

to have new green growth (transitive verb)(literal: to grow green)

while/when sprouting;

while/when having new green- growth (of plants)(relative clause)

bui-

buiki

to see (intransitive verb) (transitive verb)

saw (something) and just arrived

buinuhi will see (expective aspect)

bungu (bungui/bungi) horse

bu[]ni-

bu[]nni

to see by chance, happen to see (transitive verb)

saw by chance, happened to see (durative aspect)

D

daa one, someone, somebody, some thing (indefinite pronoun)


7/44

daadekaH-

daadekahwatsi

to eat breakfast

after having eaten breakfast (relative clause)

daam baagenaihkanna that/while it is foggy (relative clause)

daaN someones, ones (possessive case)

daaN refer to: dahaN

daan daiboo

dedaigwannawritten materials (in English); reading materials (in English)(nominalized verb)

daan gutsenihkanna that/while it is hot (relative clause)

daan newedaigwannaspeaking (the) Indian (language)

(nominalized verb)

daa weinna that/while it is raining (relative clause)

dabaidekaH- to eat lunch

dabaidekaneimii-to usually go (away) to eat

(and then come back, on a daily basis)

dabaiwa all day long (adverb)

dabaishuaiH-

dabaishuai-gande

dabaishuaihka

to be sunny

to have sunshine

it is sunny (resultative aspect)

dabaiyi daytime, during the day; noon, at noon (adverb)

daga (-a) friend (referring to a male) (male speech) (archaic form)

daga only; just; but (adverb)

dahaN our (dual form) (possessive case) (includes the listener)


8/44

bannaite (-a)above us two, (high) over us two

(dual form) (includes the listener)

dahna-

nadahna-

nadahnakandui

to set (something) down

to be set down (passive voice)

will be set down (future tense) (passive voice)

dahwa[]ni

dahwaa[]ni

spring (noun); in the spring time (adverb)

(pausal form)

dahwe we (dual form) (subject case) (includes the listener)

daiboo (-a) white person; Euro-American

daibooan daigwape (-

ha)the English language

daigwa-

daigwade

daigwaade

to speak, talk (intransitive verb) (transitive verb)

speak/speaks (customary/habitual aspect)

(pausal form)

daigwape (-ha) language; speech; word(s)

daizhi sisters husband, brother-in-law (M)

dakabi (-ta) snow

dakaduaai-

dakaduaaiyu

to snow a lot; to accumulate snow (intransitive verb)

it snows a lot; the snow is slowly accumulating

(progressive aspect)

dakaweiH- to snow


9/44

dakweigu

dakweihwa

dakwei

while it snowed, when it snowed

it snowed (momentaneous aspect)

it snowed (durative aspect)

damme we (plural form) (includes the listener)

dammeN our (plural form) (possessive case) (includes the listener)

dammen daiboo

dedaigwannarefer to: daan daiboo dedaigwanna

dammen

newedaigwannarefer to: daan newedaigwanna

dapaihyaaH-

dapaihyahwa

to put on (ones) socks

put (past) on (ones) socks (momentaneous aspect)

dapaihyaa sock(s)

dawi (-a) younger brother; younger male cousin

da[]zaN summer (noun); in the summertime (adverb)

daoda-

daota

to find (transitive verb)

find/finds (durative aspect)

dease-

deaseka

to be freezing cold (of weather)

it is freezing cold (resultative aspect)

deaseN also, too

debofoi-

debofoide

to study

study/studies, am/is/are a student (habitual/customary aspect)


10/44

deboo- to write; to draw (transitive verb)

deboogwapi (-ha) writer, journalist; secretary

deche suaN-

deche suangenna

to dislike (transitive verb)

dislikes/dislike (repetitive apect)

deche wesunga-

deche wesunga

to dislike, not feel good about

dislikes/dislike; doesnt/dont feel good about (durative aspect)

dedaigwa- to read (intransitive verb)

dedakooni (-a) policeman

dedaposiigwapi (-ha) carpenter

dedeai-

dedeai

to work

work/works (durative aspect)

dedeaii- to work (on a daily basis)

dedeainukimii- to run off to work (on a daily basis)

dedeaipede

(dedeaipedi)

dedeaipedee (-dei)

child

children

dedeainge-

dedeaingenna

to work for (someone/something) (causative aspect)

work/works for (iterative aspect)

deesua- to feel; be (in a certain mental state)

degumahaningeN- to cook for (someone)


11/44

degumahaningebidegu

aai-

to usually arrive and go cook for (someone)

(on a habitual basis)

degumahanipe (-ha) (oven-baked) bread

degupita (-a) (electric) light

degwasenge (-a) frying-pan

deheya (-a) deer

deheyaan duku (duki) deer meat, venison

dei (-a) (female) friend (referring to a female)

deiape (-a) fathers younger brother; uncle

deigu (-a) a little (bit)

deingu (-a) refer to: deigu

deka- to eat (intransitive verb) (transitive verb)

dekade

dekfenni

dekkuandui

dekyu

dekayu

eat/eats (customary/habitual aspect)

am/are/is eating(something that does not take very long, such as a snack)

(continuative)

will go to eat/going to eat

am/are/is eating(something that takes a while, such as a full meal)

(progressive)

(pausal form)

deka-gahni (-gahni) restaurant

dekape (-ha) eaten (adjective); food (noun)

demaseN then


12/44

Dembimbosaage Idaho Falls, Idaho (lit: stone bridge)

dembuiH- to watch (transitive verb)

dembuihka am/are/is watching (resultative aspect)

dembuitegi-

dembuiteki

dembuitegiiyu

o sit and watch

sat and watched (durative aspect)

usually sit(s) and watch(es) (progressive aspect)

-deN (customary/habitual aspect) (suffix)

-deN -dehwe : (dual form); dee: (plural form)(nominal suffix)

one who: (+ verb)-s; (verb)-er

denangabizhiaN-

denangabizhiande

to obey; learn by listening; behave

am/are/is obeying, learning by listening(customary/habitual aspect)

denihani- to judge (someone/something) (transitive verb)

denihanigwapi (-ha) judge, lawyer

denitoai- to sing (intransitive verb)

denitoaigwapi (-ha) singer

dewaseange-

dewaseangeiyu

to farm (intransitive verb)

farm(s) (on a habitual basis) (progressive aspect)

dewee-

deweedui

to buy

will buy (future tense)

dezahani- to drive (a vehicle); to operate (something) by hand


13/44

dezahanigwapi (-ha) driver (of a vehicle)

dezakena- to sew (something) (transitive verb)

dezakenaai-

dezakenaaiyu

to usually sew

am/are/is usually sewing (progressive aspect)

dezatebofoingeH-

dezatebofoingenna

to teach (intransitive verb)

teach/teaches (iterative aspect) (intransitive verb)

dezo[]woi (-ha) hat

dogo (-a)(maternal) grandfather;

grandchild(ren) (Male) (by ones daughter)

dogwai right (at), exact(ly) (adverb)

dogwai-dabai[]yi noon; 12 p.m.

dogwai-duga[]ni midnight; 12 a.m.

domahani-

domahanihpenni

to knead (dough) (intransitive verb) (transitive verb)

am/are/is kneading (dough) (continuative aspect)

do[]mmo winter, in winter, winter-time (adverb)

do[]mmo

egi do[]mmo

year; winter (weather) (noun)

this winter

dosa- white (adjective prefix)

dosabite (dosabiti) white

dowoa- to be cloudy


14/44

dowoahka it is/was cloudy (resultative aspect)

doyadaiboo (-a) Mexican, Mexican-American, Hispanic

doaiH-

doaihwa

to emerge; come out; go out

emerged, came out (momentaneous aspect)

dua (-a) son

dubiichi (-ha) quarter (twenty-five cents)

ducha- dirty (adjective prefix)

duchaawo(duchaawoi)

dirty dishes

dugani night; at night (noun)

dugu must, have to (adverb)

duhubite (duhubiti) black

dukaN under (postposition)

dukangu under (postposition)

dukai under (postposition)

duku (duki) meat, flesh; mountain sheep

duN in, with, by use of (a language) (postposition)

duu-daiboo (-a) black person, African-American

duyepe (-a) boy

dui will be (postposition)

Dzoon (-ha) John


15/44

E

edeiN-

edeinde

to be hot

it is hot (customary/habitual aspect)

ege- new (adjective prefix)

egebichi (-ha) new

egi now

egi beaichehku this morning (adverb of time)

egi dabaiyi today (adverb of time)

egi dahwani this spring (adverb of time)

egi dahwani gimaginde next spring (adverb of time)

egi daza this summer (adverb of time)

egi dazan gimaginde next spring (adverb of time)

egi do[]mmo this winter (adverb of time)

egi dommo gimaginde next winter (adverb of time)

egi yebani this fall (adverb of time)

egi yebani gimaginde next fall (adverb of time)

egi yeitabaiyi this afternoon (adverb of time)

egi yeika this evening (adverb of time)

e[]mmi you (singularform) (object case)

eN you (singularform) (object case)

eN your (singularform) (possessive case)


16/44

e[]nne you (singularform) (subject case)

ezheikanna that/while it is cold (relativeclause)

ezheiN-

ezheinde (ezheindi)

to be cold (intransitive verb)

(it) is cold (customary/habitual aspect)

ezheinniku as cold (as)

F

-fe[]ni/-pe[]ni (continuative aspect) (verbal suffix)

G

gaH in, at (postposition)

-gati

in (postposition)(transitive verbs of motion)

(or movement within a specified area)

(object case of nominalized postpositional phrase)

gade-

gat

to sit

am/are/is sitting (durative aspect)

gadenoo (gadenooa) chair

gagu (-a)(maternal) grandmother;

grand child(ren) (by ones daughter) (female speech)

gahniN (gahniN) house

gahte at (used with static verbs that indicate no notion)

gahtei at; people at (a specific location) (plural form)

gahtu to (postposition)


17/44

gaahtu (pausal form)

gahyunde at

gai not

gai no

gai himbaigaN not much

gaihiwa'iits not there; theres nothing there

(EXPR)

gaisheN not yet

gaisheseN not yet (very informal version of: gaisheN)

gaiyuuN late

gande to have

gapai (gapai) bed

gapii (-a) coffee

gebedande (gebedandi) long

gedii (-a) cat

-genna (repetitive aspect) (verbal suffix)

genduN yesterday (adverb)

gendum beaichehku yesterday morning (adverb of time)

gendu yeika yesterday evening (adverb of time)

gendu yeitabaiyi yesterday afternoon (adverb of time)

genga (gengai) onion


18/44

genu (-a)(paternal) grandfather

grandchild(ren) (by ones son) (masculine speech)

gesunga-

deche gesunga-

to like (by tasting with the mouth); to taste

to not like (by tasting with the mouth)

getaaN very; really; extremely (adverb)

gewaga next to, beside (postposition)

gewagahkunext to (transitive verbs of motion)

(or movement towards) (postposition)

gia maybe, perhaps

gia se[]ba maybe, perhaps

gizhaa not good (also: gai tsaa)

gooni-to go and come back;to make a round trip (intransitive verb)

gooni- to mark a circle; cycle (intransitive verb)

goonipe cycled; gone (around) in a circle (perfect)

gotoo (-a) fire

gotoonoo (-a) stove

gozho[]hai- to wash (something) (transitive verb)

goaiH- to return, go back, come back

goaihki- to come home (from perspective of speaker)

goaihkimii- to usually come home (on a habitual basis)

-gu while, when (subordinator)


19/44

guchuN (guchuna) cow

guhnaiki-

guhnikingu

to run (of a motor) (intransitive verb)

is running (of a motor) (intransitive verb)

(momentaneous aspect)

gu[]na (gu[]na) wood

gunawaimungu (gunawaimungi) train; box-car; railroad

gupa in; within (POSTPOS)

gupangu

in; within (transitive verbs of motion)

(or movement towards)(postposition)

gusa (gusai) pants

gutseniH- to heat up, get hot

gutsnihkait heats up, it gets hot; it heated up; it got hot

(resultative aspect)

gutsenihkaai-

gutsenihkaaiyu

to be continuously hot (of the weather) (intransitive verb)

it is continuously hot (progressive)

guyungwiyaa (-a) turkey

guyungwiyaaan duku (duki) turkey (meat)

-gwa-(indicates direction away from the speaker)

(auxiliary verb)

gwasuuN (-na) dress, skirt; shirt, blouse

gwee (gwehi) wife

gwehe (gwehi) wife (ALTERNATIVE)


20/44

gwiipusiaH-

gwiipusiahka

to be smoky (of the environment)

it is smoky, it was smoky (resultative aspect)

H

ha (question particle)

haa yes

ha[]bi-

habikwainna

hap

to lie, be (in a supine position); lie down, go to bed

usually go/goes to bed (iterative aspect)

am/is/are lying (in a supine position) (durative aspect)

haga where?

hagaahti? where at?

hagadeN

hagaadeN

who?

(pausal form)

hagadeNwhich...? (+ noun)

hagai how? what?

hagai enne? what do you mean?

hagaiti

how? what?

(transitive verbs of motion,or movement within specified area)

(object of nominalizedpostpositionalphrase)

haganai (from) where?

haganaite (from) where? (a specific place- name)


21/44

hagani

hagani naakwa?

how? in what way? what? (non-material)

what happened?

haganihatu how? in what way? what? (non-material)(intransitive verb of motion)

(movement towards or into specified area)

haganiyunde why? how come?

hagapundu (to) where?

hagaaku where?

hagaa[]nna

hagaaanna

where?

(pausal form)

hainji (-ha) (male) friend

ha[]niibe (-ha) (Indian) corn, maize

hanni-

hanniyu

hanniiyu

to do (INTR/TR)

am/are/is doing (progressive)

(pausal form)

hapm/is/are lying (in a supine position) (durative aspect)

(refer to: ha[]bi-)

ha[]yangenaa first, first (thing)

hibi-

hibinna

to drink

that ... is/are drinking (subordinating suffix)

himbai when?


22/44

himbaigaN

gai himbaigaN

how much?

not much

himbaigande how much?

himbaigandee (himbaigandei) how many?

himbaigandengahtu

himbaigaandengahtu

for how much (money)?

(pausal form)

hinga dabai what time (of day)?

hinga dabai nahayu? what time (of day) is it?

hi[]nni (hi[]nna) what?

hiwange-

hiwangekuandui

to pick up (things) with the hands; select (from a pile)

will go and pick (things) up with the hands (future)

hukuneaiH-

hukuneaifenni

to blow dust (intransitive verb)

it is blowing dust (continuative aspect)

hutsi (-a) (paternal) grandmother;

grandchild(ren) (by ones son) (female speech)

I

-i-

(indicates periodic repetitive or habitual action)

(prefinal verbal suffix)

idee

these (close enough to touch)

(demonstrative pronoun)(plural form) (subject case)

ideeN their (close enough to touch)


23/44

(demonstrative pronoun)

(plural form) (possessive case)

idei

these (close enough to touch)


(plural form) (objective case)

ideheN

these (two) (close enough to touch)(demonstrative pronoun)

(dual form) (possessive case)

idehithese (two) (close enough to touch)(demonstrative pronoun)

(dual form) (objective case)

idehwe

those (two) (close enough to touch)


(dual form) (subject case)

ideN

this (close enough to touch)

(demonstrative pronoun)(singular form) (subject case)

ika


(demonstrative pronoun)(singular form) (object case)

ikaN

this (close enough to touch)(demonstrative pronoun)

(singular form) (possessive case)

iki right here (adverb of place)

iki mai here it is

isheN


(demonstrative pronoun)(singular form) (subject case)(contrastive aspect)

iwaa tomorrow (adverb of time)

iwaa beaichehku tomorrow morning (adverb of time)

(refer to: beaichehku)


24/44

iwaa duganitomorrow night (adverb of time)

(refer to: dugani)

iwaa yeikatomorrow evening (adverb of time)

(refer to: yeika)

iwaa yeitabaiyitomorrow afternoon (adverb of time)

(refer to: yeitabaiyi)

izhape coyote (noun)

K

-ka (resultative)(verb)(suffix)

-ki ( + verb)-ed and just arrived(auxiliary verb)

-ku(momentaneous)(verb)(suffix)(variant of-kwa/-hwa)

-kuago and ( + verb)(auxiliary verb)

-kwa(momentaneous)(verb)(suffix)

(variant of-kwa and -ku)

-kwainahabitually ( + verb)

(variant of-hwainna)

M

ma this/that, it (visible)

-maai with, in addition to

maaikuwith, in addition to

(variant ofmaai)

maa[]nangwaH

behind

(behind something and away from speaker)

(postposition)


25/44

maa[]nangwahku

behind

(transitive verbs of motion, movement towards speaker)(postposition)

mabizhiaN- to fix with the hands (transitive)

made this/that (neutral distance)(demonstrative pronoun) (plural) (subject)

madeheNthis/that (neutral distance)

(demonstrative pronoun) (dual) (possessive case)

madehithis/that (neutral distance)

(demonstrative pronoun) (dual) (object case)

madehwe this/that (neutral distance)(demonstrative pronoun) (dual) (subject case)

madeithis/that (neutral distance)

(demonstrative pronoun) (plural) (object case)

madeNthis/that (neutral distance)

(demonstrative pronoun) (singular) (subject case)

magozhohai- to wash with the hand(s) (verb)

-mahwakaafter finish ( + verb)-ing

(auxiliary verb)

maithey say, people say, it is said

(QUESTION PARITICLE)

-mai (variant ofmaai)

maiku okay, alright

maitenga outside (adverb of place)

maitengaku

outside

(transitive verbs of motion)

(movement towards speaker)(adverb of place)


26/44

maitengate

outside

(used with static verbs that indicate no motion)(adverb of place)

makathis/that (neutral distance)

(demonstrative pronoun) (singular) (object case)

makaNthis/that (neutral distance)(demonstrative pronoun) (singular) (possessive case)

manegiseemote fifty (number)

manegitee (manegitei) five (of something) (noun)

maseange- to plant, sow, raise (animals) (transitive verb)

maseN

this/that (neutral distance)

(demonstrative pronoun) (singular) (subject case)(CONTRASTIVE)

maseaplant/plants, sow/sows, raise/raises (animals)

(durative aspect) (transitive verb)

meheN your (dual)

mehwe you (dual)

memme you (plural)

memmeN your (plural)

mia lets go (see mia-)

mia-

miayu

miaayu

mimiayu

to go (intransitive verb)

am/are/is walking (singular and plural)

(pausal)

(dualform ofmiayu)

miawaiH- to go out


27/44

miawaihyu

going out (progressive aspect)

-mii- (indicates habitual, repeated action)(verbal suffix)

mimiayu (dualform ofmiayu)

mubii (-ha) car, automobile

munna[]gwa last year (adverb of time)

munnagwa dahwani last spring (adverb of time)

munnagwa daza last summer (adverb of time)

munnagwa dommo last winter (adverb of time)

munnagwa yebani last fall (adverb of time)

N

na- (passive voice) (verbal prefix)

-nna (iterative aspect) (verbal suffix)

naa-to happen, become; be; do(variant of: naha-)

naafaite (naafaite) six

naafaitee (naafaitei) six (of something)

naafaitenga daa naakihka at six (oclock)

naakiH-

naakihka

to become, get to be (in time)

(it) becomes (in time), gets to be (in time)

(resultative aspect)


28/44

nabuiH-

nabuinde

to be seen, be, look (like) (passive ofbui-)

looks (like), is/are seen

(habitual/customary aspect)

nadainape (-a) husband; sisters husband (F)

nadahna-

nadahnakandui

to be set down (passive ofdahna-)

will be set down (future)

nadatewade (nadatewadi)

nadatewaate

package, carton

(pausal form)

nadeasengepe (-ha)frozen (adjective)

something frozen (noun)

nadewaga-

nadewagahwa

to sell

sold (momentaneous aspect)

nadewagagwapi (-ha) cashier, vendor, merchant

nadewengahni (nadewengahni) store

nadoaigahni (nadoaigahni) bathroom, restroom, toilet (feminine gender)

nagozho[]hai-

nagozhaineitsi

to bathe (intransitive verb)

after have gone and bathed (on a daily basis)

naha-to do, make, happen (intransitive verb)

(alternate form of: naa-)

nahape has become (perfective tense)

nai from (postposition)


29/44

naite from (+ place name) (postposition)

nambe (nambeha/nampeha) shoe

nammi (-a) younger sister

nangasumbaadu-

nangasumbaaduka

to understand (by hearing) (transitive verb)

understand/understands (resultative tense)

naniha (nanihai) name

naniha-

nanihade

nanihaade

to be named/called

is called, be named (customary/habitual aspect)

(pausal form)

naninakai-

naninakaide

to cost

it costs (customary/habitual aspect)

nanimee-

nanimede

nanimeete

to cost

it costs (customary/habitual aspect)

(pausal form)

nasundeganaaH-

nasundeganaahka

to plan (something)

plan/plans (resultative aspect)

natesuuN (-na) medicine

natesuungahni (natesuungahni) hospital

nawasoaH- to get dressed (intransitive verb)


30/44

nawasoa

nawasoahwainna

nawasoakua

put on your clothes! (imperative aspect)

habitually get/gets dressed

go and put on your clothes!

nawaaipe (-a) wife; brothers wife (masculine tense)

nazatewa (-a) door

nazawaiyiH-

nazawaiyihka

to hang (intransitive verb)

am/is/are hanging (resultative tense)

neI (subject case)

my

neai-

neai

neaide (neaidi)

neaipenni

to blow (of wind), be windy

it is/was windy (durative aspect)

it is windy (habitual/customary)

it is windy (continuative tense)

neaN my, mine

neheNour (exclusive pronoun)


nehwewe(exclusive pronoun)


-nei- to go and (+ verb) and return(auxiliary verb)

-neileft (to do something) and came back(auxiliaryverb) (suffix)

nemmewe(plural form) (subject case) (exclusive pronoun)


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nemmeN our (plural form) (exclusive pronoun)

nemmius, for us

(plural form) (object case) (exclusive pronoun)

ne[]we (ne[]wi) person, Indian, Shoshoni (Indian)

newedaigwape (-ha) the Indian peoples language

ne[]we duNin (the) Shoshoni/Indian (language)

through the Indian/Shoshoni language

newezoikai (-ha) Nez Perce (Indian)

niikwi-

niikwi

niigwina

to tell, say

(intransitive verb) (transitive verb)

said, told (momentaneous aspect)

telling, saying (to) (iterative aspect)

-nniku like..., as... (postpostition)

noha used to

noondea or else, otherwise

noyo (noyi) egg

nooyo (nooyi) testicle

nuki- to run

nukndemajust go then! (expression)

O

odeethat (demonstrative pronoun)(plural form) (subject case)

odeeN that (demonstrative pronoun)


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odeithat (demonstrative pronoun)

(plural form) (object case)

odeheN that (demonstrative pronoun)(dual form) (possessive case)

odehithat (demonstrative pronoun)

(dual form) (object case)

odehwethat (demonstrative pronoun)(dual form) (subject case)

odeN that (demonstrative pronoun)

(singular form) (subject case)

ogwaideNflowing (adjective)river, stream (noun)

ohapite (ohapiti)

oohapitee

yellow

(plural form)

okathat (demonstrative pronoun)

(singular form) (object case)

okaNthat (demonstrative pronoun)


oku there (adverb of place)

ondembite (ondembiti) brown

oseN that (contrastive aspect)

oyoseN always

P

-pe (perfective aspect)


33/44

-pe[]nni/-fe[]nni (continuative aspect)

S

saape (-ha) stew

sa[]bai in there

sadeethat (within sight) (aspecific object)(demonstrative pronoun) (plural)

(subject case)

sadee (sadeea) dog

sadeeN

that (within sight) (aspecific object)

(demonstrative pronoun)(plural) (possessive case)

sadeheNthat (within sight) (aspecific object)(demonstrative pronoun)

(dual) (possessive case)

sadehi



(dual) (object case)

sadehwethat (within sight) (aspecific object)(demonstrative pronoun)

(dual) (subject case)

sadei

that (within sight) (aspecific object)(demonstrative pronoun)


sadeN


(demonstrative pronoun)(singular form) (subject case)

saidee

this (not close enough to touch)

(aspecific object)

(demonstrative pronoun)(plural form) (subject case)


34/44

saideeN

this (not close enough to touch)

(aspecific object)(demonstrative pronoun)


saideheN this (not close enough to touch)(demonstrative pronoun) (dual form)

(refers to a specific object) (possessive case)

saidehi

this here (not close enough to touch)

(demonstrative pronoun) (dual form)

(refers to a specific object) (object case)

saidehwe


(demonstrative pronoun) (dual form)(refers to a specific object) (subject case)

saideithis (not close enough to touch)(demonstrative pronoun) (plural form)


saideN


(demonstrative pronoun) (singular form)


SaigwiogwaiBannock Creek (Fort Hall Reservation)

(also: Saigwihunu)

saika

this here (but not close enough to touch)



saikaN




saiki here (not close enough to touch)(adverb of place) (refers to a specific object)

saitu over here (adverb of place)

saka

that (within sight)




35/44

sakaN

that (within sight)

(demonstrative pronoun) (singular form)(refers to a specific object) (possessive case)

sakuover there (adverb of place)

(refers to a specific object)

se[]ba maybe, perhaps

sebagia maybe, perhaps

seemote ten (number)

seme (-a) one (number)

sengwaibi half (used only in reference to money)(noun)

sesewe sometimes

sewe one (alternate of: seme)

sii-bungu (sii-bungi) sheep

sii-bungudaiboo (-a) Basque

sideeN


(demonstrative pronoun) (plural form)(refers to a specific object) (possessive case)

sideethis (close enough to touch)(demonstrative pronoun) (plural form)

(refers to a specific object) (subject case)

sidei


(demonstrative pronoun) (plural form)(refers to a specific object) (object case)

sideheN




sidehi this (close enough to touch)


36/44



sidehwe




sideNthis (close enough to touch)(demonstrative pronoun) (singular form)


sikathis (close enough to touch)(demonstrative pronoun) (singular form)


sikaN




sikiright here (adverb of place)


sikiteN right here (adverb of place)

sodeeNthat (demonstrative pronoun) (plural form)(refers to a specific object) (possessive case)

sodeethat (demonstrative pronoun) (plural form)(refers to a specific object) (subject case)

sodeheNthat (demonstrative pronoun) (dual form)(refers to a specific object) (subject case)

sodehithat (demonstrative pronoun) (dual form)


sodehwe that (demonstrative pronoun) (dual form)(refers to a specific object) (subject case)

sodeithat (demonstrative pronoun) (plural form)


sodeNthat (demonstrative pronoun) (singular form)



37/44

soho[]bi (-ta) tree

sokathat (demonstrative pronoun) (singular form)


sokaN that (demonstrative pronoun) (singular form)(refers to a specific object) (possessive case)

sokuthere (adverb of place)


sooNa lot, much, many(adverb) (quantifier)

Soo-gahniBlackfoot (Idaho)

(literally.: many houses)

sooseN a lot, much

sosoni (-a) Shoshoni (Indian)

sotoover that way (demonstrative pronoun)(locative aspect)

suaN- to think, want, feel, need (transitive verb)

subai then

su[]bai in there

sudeethat (out of sight)(demonstrative pronoun) (plural form)


sudeeN

that (out of sight)

(demonstrative pronoun) (plural form)(refers to a specific object) (possessive case)

sudeheN

that (out of sight)



sudehi that (out of sight)


38/44



sudehwe

that (out of sight)



sudeithat (out of sight)(demonstrative pronoun) (plural form)


sudeNthat (out of sight)(demonstrative pronoun) (singular form)


suka

that (out of sight)



sukaN

that (out of sight)

(demonstrative pronoun) (singular form)(refers to a specific object) (possessive case)

sukuthere (out of sight)

(adverb of place) (refers to a specific object)

(gai) sumbanai-

gai sumbanainna

to not know (intransitive/transitive verb)

know not/knows not (iterative aspect)

suniyundethats why (conjuction)(variant form of: sunihyunde)

suwai-

suwai

suwaihka

sua

to want, need

want/wants, need/needs (durative aspect)(implies that there are only one or two items to choose from)

want/wants, need/needs (resultative aspect)

(implies large selection of items to choose from)

thinking, think/thinks (durative aspect)


39/44

suahaibei-

suahaibeideN

suahaibeidee

to mess up (transitive verb)

someone who messes things up

(habitual/customary aspect)

people who mess things up

(dual form: suahaidehwe)

suana

suaana

at, about, around, usually (adverb)

(used with expressions of time)

(pausal form)

T

-teese only... (added to numbers)

-tegi-

to start (to), begin (to)be (in a place), be seated

put (auxiliary verb)

tsa-by hand, with the hands

(instrumental prefix)

tsaa-baingwi mountain trout

tsaaN good; well

tsaan deesua

(it) feels good

(it) has a good out look

(durative aspect)

tsaandetsi (-a) nice, little kid

tsaangesunga- to like the taste of (something)

tsaangu beaichehkugood morning(variant form of: tsaangu baiche)

tsaangu yeitabaiyi/yeitatabaiyi good afternoon

tsaangu yeyeika good evening


40/44

tsaasuaN-

tsaasuangenna

to like, think well of (transitive verb)

likes/like (repetitive aspect)

tsaawesunga-

tsaawesunga

to feel good about (something), like (something)

feels/feel good about, likes/like (durative aspect)

tsadamani (-ha) Chinese (person); Chinese (language)

tsatebofoiN- to teach

tsateboofoi

tsateboofoingeH-

teach/teaches, am/is/are teaching (durative aspect)

to teach (something) (TR)

tsateboofoingehwainna

tsateboofoingenna

tsateboofoingetegimii-

teach/teaches on a daily basis

teach/teaches, am/is/are teaching (something) (INTR)

to start teaching (something) on a daily basis

tsategi- to put by hand (transitive verb)

tsategi-nei went and put it (and has/have returned)

tsautu"- to give (something) by hand (transitive verb)

tsayaahki-

tsayaahki

to carry with both hands down low (transitive verb)

carry (it) with both hands down low (imperative tense)

-tsi after having (+ verb) (verval suffix)

tsiambe (-ha) tomato

tsina (-a) potatoes


41/44

tsiina (pausal form)

tsoape (-ha) ghost

tsugupe (-a) old man

U

u

u sengwaibi

u sengwaibi maai

him; her; it; them (someone/thing already mentioned) (OBJ)

half (used only in reference to money)

fifty cents (literally: with half of it (a dollar))

udeethat (out of sight) (demonstrative pronoun)

(plural form) (subject case)

udeeNthat (out of sight) (demonstrative pronoun)(plural form) (possessive case)

udehithat (out of sight) (demonstrative pronoun)(dual form) (object case)

udehwethat (out of sight) (demonstrative pronoun)(dual form) (subject case)

udeithat (out of sight) (demonstrative pronoun)


udeNthat (out of sight) (demonstrative pronoun)

(singular form) (subject case)

ukathat (out of sight) (demonstrative pronoun)

(singular form) (object case)

ukaNthat (out of sight) (demonstrative pronoun)


uku there (out of sight) (adverb of place)

ukuhti there (adverb)


42/44

useN

that (out of sight) (demonstrative pronoun)

(singular form) (subject case)(contrastive/presentative aspect)

utu- to give

W

waapi (-ta)(Utah) juniper tree(also called cedar tree in southern Idaho)

wagande (wagandi) at (someones), at (somethings) ss(noun)

waahni (-a)

waahni

fox

(pasual form)

wahambiaseemote

(wahambiaseemoti)two hundred (number)

wahatehwe (wahatehi) two (number)

wahyaN- to burn

wahyande (wahyandi) fire

wanadebope (-ha) dollar

watsewite (watsewiti) four (NUM)

watsewiteese only four

wei-

wei

to rain

it rained (durative)

weii-

weiide

to rain (periodically over time)

it rains (periodically over time) (habitual/customary

aspect)


43/44

weiiite (pasual form)

wenangwa in front of (postposition)

wenangwaku in front of (postposition)

we[]ne-

we[]nne

to stand

am/is/are standing (durative aspect)

wepagui-

wepaguinna

wepaguiinna

to chop, split

am/are/is chopping (iterative aspect)

(pausal form)

wepai- to hit

wesunga- to feel (something) with body

wihyu then, and then; but

witua (wituai) drum; pot

witua-wepaigwapi (-ha) drummer

wizha should, might (adverb)

wongo[]bi (-ta)

wongoobi

pine tree

(pausal form)

Y

-yamba (yambai) wild carrots (yampa root)

yambai (-ha) Kiowa (Indian); Southern Plains Indian

yeba[]ni fall, autumn (noun); in the fall/autumn (adverb)


44/44

yebaa[]ni

(pausal form)

yeitabai[]yi afternoon; in the afternoon (adverb)

yeze-

yetse

yezemiiyu

to get up; fly (intransitive verb)

is getting up; got up (durative aspect)

get/gets up (on a daily basis) (progressive aspect)

-[]yu (progressive aspect) (verb/suffix)

yuhudegumahanipe (-ha)fry-bread

yuhupe (-ha) fat

yuuta (-a) Ute (Indian)

shoshone - english dictionary

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