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No. 112 JANUARY - MARCH 2010

SHRI N MURUGESAN, DIRECTOR GENERAL,

CPRI, ASSUMES OFFICE

Shri N. Murugesan has assumed the

charge of Director General, CPRI on

22nd March 2010. Shri Murugesan

began his career with TNEB in 1978.

He has over three decades of

association with the power sector.

He worked in CPRI from 1984 to

2008. He has worked in the areas of

Power System Simulation studies

using HVDC Simulator / TNA, Safety Grounding,

Switchgear Testing and Development as per

National & International Standards, Computer

Networking (LAN / WAN), Power System

Automation, SCADA, Substation / Distribution

Automation, Communication Protocol, AMR /

AMI / Smart Metering / Grid, etc.

He served Tata Consulting Engineers Ltd for a

period of two years during 2008-2010 and worked

in the areas of substation / distribution / SCADA /

AMR / AMI etc before rejoining CPRI

as its Director General.

Shri. N. Murugesan has an M.Sc in

Electrical Engineering besides an

MBA from Xavier Institute of

Management and Entrepreneurship,

Bangalore (XIME). He also possess a

P o s t D i p l o m a i n C o m p u t e r

Engineering.

Sri N. Murugesan was a Guest

Faculty at Proficience, IISc, Bangalore; SIT -

Tumkur, IIIT - Hyderabad, BCE - Bagalkot etc.

Sri N. Murugesan is member in several National

and International Professional bodies associated

with Automation, Energy metering, Communi-

cation Protocol. He was a recipient of CBIP-TAG

Award for contribution to Power Engineering.

CPRI looks forward for guidance and

stewardship of Sri N. Murugesan in serving the

power sector.

CPRI PARTICIPATION IN ELECRAMA 2010

The Institute participated in ELECRAMA 2010 Exhibition held at th thBombay Exhibition Centre, Mumbai from 20 to 24 January 2010.

The event was organized by IEEMA.

CPRI displayed its facilities and expertise in the stall. Major test facilities covering Short Circuit, High Voltage, Cables & Capacitors, Material characterization, expertise in Power Systems, Tower testing, Seismic qualification and other state-of-art facilities including Research activities were displayed. The services offered for Field Testing & Diagnostics, Third party Inspection and Distribution System Management were also displayed.

CPRI stall was visited by more than fifteen thousand customers and had an overwhelming response from all areas of power sector both within the country and abroad, apart from R & D organizations. The overseas clientele who visited CPRI stall were from Malaysia, Korea, Sri Lanka, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Iran, Germany, Netherlands etc. They evinced keen interest in Testing & Certification, Field testing, Consultancy and R&D activities of the Institute. Many valuable business enquires were received during the exhibition including Third Party Inspection services and customised training programme.

thThe Institute organized CPRI Meet at Dubai on 7 February 2010 and participated in the Middle East Electricity 2010

th thExhibition held at Dubai from 9 to 11 February 2010.

thThe Meet organized on 7 February 2010 was attended by over 30 Senior Engineers/Managers from DEWA Utility and CPRI customers from the Region. Shri. Suhas.S.B, Joint Director (Marketing) made a detailed presentation on the facilities and expertise of the Institute for testing of Transformers, Circuit Breakers, Cables, Power System Studies and Third party inspection services. This was followed by presentation on Tower testing, Vibration testing and Earthquake simulation facility by Shri. Prabhakar Hegde, Engineering Officer Gr V (Marketing). The technical lectures were summed up by Shri. B.H. Narayana, Additional Director. The customers evinced keen interest in utilizing the facilities of CPRI.

CPRI participated in the Middle East Electricity 2010 Exhibition held at Dubai International Exhibition Centre,

th thDubai from 9 to 11 February 2010. The participation of CPRI was under the aegis of the Indian Pavilion. A 9 sqm stall was taken up and CPRI displayed its Research, Testing facilities & expertise and its credentials. The exhibition attracted over 10,000 visitors and the CPRI stall attracted serious Business visitors in excess of 5,000 from across the globe over three days. The expertise and facilities of CPRI were promoted which included:

a) CPRI Membership on STL

b) CPRI Certification Services

c) CPRI - INTERTEK ASTA Testing & Certification

d) CPRI Field Testing and Diagnostic Services

e) CPRI expertise for Power Systems Studies and Consultancy

CPRI Meet

Middle East Electricity 2010 Exhibition:

CPRI PARTICIPATION IN MEE 2010 EXHIBITION

JANUARY - MARCH 2010

CPRI Participation in ELECRAMA 2010 2CPRI Participation in MEE 2010 Exhibition 3

Award of Patent 4

Second Best Paper Award at CAPACIT 2010 4Centre for Collaborative & Advanced Research (CCAR) 5

Institute day celebrations 6

Consultancy for Distribution Network Studies 7

UHVRL, Hyderabad successfully conducted electrical tests on 1200kV AC strings 7

Training Program on PSCAD/EMTDC Software 7

DIRECTOR GENERAL, UNIDO VISITS CPRI 8

IEEE Standards Association, Outreach Session at CPRI 8

Major Break-through in 800 kV Transmission Equipments Testing at STDS, CPRI, Bhopal 9

SAFETY WEEK 10

International Women’s Day 10

Communicating with Digital EnergyMeters based on DLMS / IEC 62056 11

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Shri S. SridharDr. Vijaya Mallik

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CPRI has been awarded a Patent for its new Invention titled

“AN APPARATUS AND A METHOD FOR OPTIMUM

E X T R A C T I O N O F D I S S O L V E D G A S E S I N

MINERAL/SYNTHETIC OIL” (PATENT NO: 236822)

The invention pertains to designing an apparatus for optimum

extraction of dissolved gases in mineral oil and synthetic oil, and

provides an apparatus for multiple extraction of dissolved gases in

mineral oil and synthetic oil which ensures complete extraction of

gases.

The advantage of this method is that oil can be exposed to

vacuum as many times as required. It is found that three

extractions are sufficient for complete extraction of gases

dissolved in the oil.

Inventor(s):

Shri. R. Paneer Selvam, Engineering Officer Gr IV

Shri. D. Ravindra, Scientific Officer Gr.V

Shri. H.C. Keshavamurthy, Scientific Officer Gr.IV

Shri. G.R. Vishwanath, Scientific Officer Gr.IV

AWARD OF PATENTºÉ½þªÉÉäMÉÉi¨ÉEò B´ÉÆ =zÉiÉ +xÉÖºÉÆvÉÉxÉ Eäòxpù (ºÉÒEòÉ®ú)

CENTRE FOR COLLABORATIVE & ADVANCED RESEARCH (CCAR)

1. MoU with NPP Project Implementing Orgnisations

CCAR has signed MOU with the following National Perspective Plan Project Implementing Organisation during March,

2010, with an objective to execute the project successfully, under National Perspective Plan on R&D in Power Sector.

2. One year course on Testing & Maintenance of Electrical Equipment:

3. R&D Perspective Plan

4. Continuing Education Scheme of CPRI

CCAR started one year Course on “Testing & Maintenance of Electrical Equipment” for practicing engineers from utilities and industry across the country. West Bengal Distribution Company Ltd, Tata Power, Delhi Transco, NHPC, Chattisgarh Distribution Co Ltd, THDC, Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Co.Ltd., have sponsored their Engineers for this course totaling to 38 Engineers, for the first batch, during 2009-10.

Ministry of Power has initiated application oriented research at National level, and documented the areas of research for implementation in phased manner under the 'National Perspective Plan (NPP) for R&D in Indian Power Sector ( June 2002)'. In continuation to NPP Schemes, CCAR also prepared. R&D Perspective Plan for the next 10 years, to be taken

th thup during 11 / 12 Plan period and submitted to Ministry. A presentation to Ministry is also made in this regard.

With a view to provide scope for higher education opportunity and carry out projects in collaborative mode, CPRI has networked with leading institutions and signed MoU with, IIT- Roorkee, IIT-Madras, Banaras Hindu University, Jadavpur University, Bengal Engineering and Science University, National Institute of Technology – Warangal, National Institute of Technology – Surathkal and University of Saskachewan, Canada. The following officers from various Divisions / Units of CPRI are pursuing higher studies at CPRI – MoU Institutions under continuing education scheme of CPRI, leading to PhD / Masters / Bachelors Degree. CPRI Officers are also persuing higher education at leading national Institutions.

A team of three officials from Capacitors Laboratory of DCCD

participated and presented the following technical papers in

the 7th International Seminar on Capacitors “CAPACIT -

2010” organized by IEEMA during 21st & 22nd January 2010

at ‘Hotel Leela Kempinski”, Mumbai.

1. Dr. H.N. Nagamani presented the paper titled

“Experience of CPRI in Performance Evaluation of Power

Capacitors of Unit Rating upto 1000 kvar” authored by

Dr. H.N. Nagamani, T. Bhavani Shanker, V.

Vaidhyanathan, S. Neelakantan, A. Sudhindra.

2. Mr. V. Vaidhyanathan presented the paper titled

“Selection of Appropriate type of capacitors for LV

Distribution System - Practical Considerations” authored

by Dr. H.N. Nagamani, T. Bhavani Shanker,

S. Neelakantan, V. Vaidhyanathan, A. Sudhindra.

3. Mr. T. Bhavani Shanker presented the paper titled “Critical

Tests for Power Electronic Capacitors used in rolling

Stock Equipment” authored by Dr. H.N. Nagamani, T.

Bhavani Shanker, S. Neelakantan, V. Vaidhyanathan, A.

Sudhindra.

The paper presented by Dr. H.N. Nagamani has won the

second Best Paper Award at the above International Seminar.

BEST PAPER AWARD AT CAPACIT 2010


1 Development of silt erosion resistant nano-composite coatings by physical vapour deposition for Hydro turbine components IIT, Roorkee

2 Tunnelling in water charged zones under high hydro static pressure NHPC, Faridabad

3 Development of DVR based voltage source stabilizers for process industry C-DAC, Trivandrum

4 Improvement in reliability, safety and long term performance of power and converter transformers through improvements in quality of transformer oil CPRI

5 A Study on stability & reliability of the power system with large penetration of CPRI - TNEB and wind power University of

Saskachewan, Canada.

Sl Project Implementing Name of the Project

No Organisation

Sl No Name Division Course Institution

1 M. Selvaraj MED Ph.D NIT-K, Surathkal

2 R.P. Mandi ECDD Ph.D NIT-K, Surathkal

3 S. Jothi Basu ECDD M.Tech NIT-K, Surathkal

4 B.V. Govindappa HPL M.Tech IIT-Roorkee

5 R.K. Kumar MTD Ph.D IIT-M, Chennai

6 Ramdas ITID MBA Bangalore University

7 R.A. Deshpande PSD Ph.D NIT-Warangal

8 Mallikarjuna Rao TRC, Koradi Ph.D NIT-Warangal

9 K. Devendra Rao UHV RL, Hyderabad M.Tech Osmania University

10 T. Bhavani Shankar DCCD Ph.D NIT-K, Surathkal

11 Arun Kumar Datta STDS, Bhopal Ph.D. MNIT, Bhopal

12 K. Rajeswar Rao UHV RL, Hyderabad B.E. JNTU, Hyderabad


CONSULTANCY FOR DISTRIBUTION NETWORK STUDIES

Distribution Systems Division has acquired “CYMDIST 5.0”

software, which is specifically developed for the analysis

and planning of distribution networks. The Division has

considerable expertise to compute voltage drops, power

flows, and short- circuit studies on balanced or unbalanced

power systems using CYMDIST software.

SNAP SHOT OF SAMPLE FEEDER

The software has the capability to carryout Energy Audit of feeders and transformer stations using the Energy Profile Manager (EPM) module.

Other studies which can be carried out are as follows,

lLoad flow, short circuit, load allocation, load balancing and capacitor placement studies of distribution networks.

lProtective Device Coordination includes minimum fault protection analysis under various fault conditions on a given feeder.

lContingency Analysis which brings out the required time to restore the power to consumers, affected by damaged equipment or sections in network.

lSwitching Optimization to improve the voltage profile of feeders or network using the sectionalizers.

lBesides CYMDIST, the division also possesses SYSTAT Software of M/s. Cranes Software which does statistical analysis of Distribution System such as Estimation of AT&C losses in DISCOMS etc.

UHVRL, Hyderabad successfully conducted electrical tests on 1200kV AC strings

India is gearing up to construct 1200 kV AC transmission lines to cater to the needs of electrical power requirement of the country. Insulator strings are integral part of the power transmission and to be tested for their compliance to the required insulation levels. UHV Research Laboratory Hyderabad has facilities to conduct high voltage tests on equipment up to 1200 kV AC systems. The sponsored studies of 1. Corona power loss in conductors, 2. Optimization of air insulation clearances and 3. Voltage distribution in the insulator string of 1200 kV AC system were carried out in recent past for Power Grid.

IEC 60383-2, is the base document for test methods and acceptance criteria for insulator strings. It prescribes Lightning impulse, Switching impulse & Power frequency voltage tests on insulators strings and insulator systems. Now, the laboratory has successfully conducted 1. Wet Power frequency voltage withstand test, (test voltage 1200kV AC RMS), 2. Wet Switching impulse voltage EL -

withstand test, (test voltage 1800kV peak) and 3. Dry

lightning impulse voltage withstand test, (test Voltage

2400kV peak) for BHEL - R&D, Hyderabad & EPD

Bangalore in March 2010.

INSTITUTE DAY CELEBRATIONS

6

Institute day celebrations at UHVRL, Hyderabad thThe year 2010 is the 50 year of CPRI's formation. The

institute is celebrating Golden Jubilee celebrations thacross the country. 16 January is the foundation day of

the Institute. As a part of the foundation day celebrations

and Golden Jubilee year celebrations, UHVRL

organized institute day function on 16.01.2010. Shri

S.K.Datta, Executive Director PGCIL, Southern Region

was the chief guest and delivered a lecture titled “Power

Grid's experience in high voltage transmission”

Dr. M. Ramamoorty, Former Director General , CPRI

was the guest of honor and greeted the gathering

and spoke about the need of establishing UHVRL at

Hyderabad and highlighted new areas of research in

the power sector. Shri. B. Gunasekaran Additional

Director, UHVRL presented the achievements of the

Hyderabad unit. Shri. A.Yellaiah, Scientific Officer Gr.5

proposed the vote of thanks The employees and their

family members actively participated in the celebrations

which included cultural show.

SWITCHGEAR TESTING & DEVELOPMENT STATION, BHOPAL

Central Power Research Institute, Switchgear Testing &

Development Station, Govindpura, Bhopal has

celebrated its Institute Day on 16th January 2010. On

the occasion of celebrations organised at its office

premises in Govindpura, Chief Guest Babulal Gaur,

Minister of Urban Administration & Development, Bhopal

Gas Tragedy relief & rehabilitation, Government of

Madhya Pradesh has applauded the role of CPRI in the

country’s development and congratulated the staff

members of CPRI. Guest of Honour Shri D. Subodh

Singh, Chairman, NRI Group of Institutions delivered a

lecture on “Technical Manpower for tomorrow”.

The eminent personalities of BHEL, MPSEB, Banks,

rep resen ta t i ves o f Eng ineer ing Co l l eges ,

representatives of Electrical manufacturers, press, staff,

pensioners and their family of the Institute attended the

programme. Shri B.V. Raghavaiah, Unit Head in his

welcome address briefed about the activities,

achievements and Golden Jubilee Year of CPRI. Shri

B.M. Mehra, Joint Director proposed vote of thanks.


Training Program on PSCAD/EMTDC Software

Three days training program was organized by the Power Systems

division on PSCAD/ EMTDC software. The training was given by nd thM/s. KLG Systel Ltd. from 22 to 24 Feb 2010. 23 participants from

CPRI attended the training programme.

7JANUARY - MARCH 2010

DIRECTOR GENERAL, UNIDO VISITS CPRI

Dr. Kandeh Yumkella, Director General UNIDO visited thCPRI on 9 February 2010 and reviewed the progress of

National Implementation Plan (NIP) on reduction of organic pollutants project and Post NIP in a meeting organised at CRTL - Committee room, CPRI, Bangalore.

Dr. K. Dwarakanath, Additional Director, DMD extended a warm welcome to the Chief guest Dr. Kandeh Yumkella, Director General, UNIDO and his team.

Dr. S. P Dhua, Regional Coordinator, RENPAP, UNIDO, briefly presented the objective, scope and importance of the Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) project as well as the need for compliance from stake holders of the various provisions under the Stockholm Convention. He assured the full cooperation for executing the Post NIP project. He informed the gathering that the MOU has been signed between the MoEF, Govt of India and UNIDO for the Post NIP for grant of 14.1 million dollars contribution from Global Environmental Fund (GEF). MOU with UNIDO was signed

that MoEF, at New Delhi on 4 February 2010.

Dr. K. Dwarakanath, Additional Director, presented the progress of NIP project where he highlighted the inventory

about the PCBs containing equipments in India. So far CPRI has identified 2620 tonnes of pure PCB and 5000 tons of PCB containing equipment in India. He also briefed about the proposed Post NIP activity including the objective, methodology and project outcomes.

In the concluding address Dr. Kandeh Yumkella, Director General, UNIDO appreciated the work done by CPRI especially during the NIP and assured full cooperation of UNIDO for the ongoing and Post NIP project.

Mr. Philippe R. Scholtes, UNIDO Representative & Regional Head for South Asia talked about the activity of NIP and appreciated the role played by CPRI.

Dr. Ramdev, Assistant Regional Coordinator spoke about the role of UNIDO in executing the project.

Dr. S. Seetharamu, Additional Director, MTD, Dr. R.S.S Aradhya, Additional Director, PSD, Mr. V. V. Pattanshetti, Scientific Officer, DMD, Dr. C. J Naidu, Scientific Officer, spoke about the activities of CPRI on the project and other related subjects like Renewable Energy.

The meeting ended with vote of thanks by Dr. Dwarakanath.

As part of its continuing program to reach out to global technologists, the IEEE-SA conducted a series of outreach sessions in Bangalore from 10-12, March 2010. The session on Power was hosted by CPRI, Bangalore on 11 March 2010 which focused on Smart Grid related standards.

The session was attended by the officers of CPRI besides invitees from Industry, Utility and the Academia. During the session presentations on “Smart Grid and Standards” and related topics were made by CPRI and IBM. Mr. Dennis B. Brophy, Chair, IEEE-SA Corporate Advisory Group presented the various activities of IEEE-SA. An interactive session followed the presentations where the need for Smart Grid in the Indian context was debated. The IEEE-SA invited CPRI to the committee for Standardization in Smart Grids.

The event was coordinated by the Distribution Systems Division of CPRI, Bangalore.

IEEE Standards Association, Outreach Session at CPRI


800 kV Transmission EquipmentTesting at STDS, CPRI, Bhopal

1. 800kV DISCONNECTOR

STDS CPRI Bhopal has tested successfully for the first

time Knee Type Disconnector 800kV, 3150 Amps and

Earth-Switch at 50 kA RMS for one second as per clause

6.6 of IEC -62271-102, 2001 by using 1500MVA, 12.5kV

Generator.

800kV, 3150A Isolator in close condition

800kV, 3150A Isolator in open condition

2. 800kV POWER CONNECTORS

STDS, CPRI Bhopal has tested successfully for the first

time power connectors of 800 KV, 4000A rating of Tee type

suitable for quadruple BULL AAC to quadruple BULL AAC

for short circuit withstand test as per IS 5561 at 63 kA for

one second with initial peak of 160 kA in the 100 MVA On

line testing station.

3. 800 kV Current TransformerCPRI, Bhopal established test facility with all necessary infrastructure required for conducting short time withstand current test upto 800 kV CT - dead tank and live tank - for the test current of 63 kA RMS for three seconds with initial peak of 160 kA as per IEC 60044-1.

8 9JANUARY - MARCH 2010

800 kV Power Connector under test

Shri M.M. Babu Narayanan, Additional Director has been elected as

member of Executive Committee and Treasurer of the IEEE Bangalore thSection in their Annual general Meeting held at Bangalore on 14

February 2010.

11

COMMUNICATING WITH DIGITAL ENERGY METERS BASED ON

DLMS / IEC 62056.

J. Pavanchand*, G. Sadashivappa*, M. Pradish**, V. Shivakumar**, V. Arunachalam** *R.V. College of Engg, Bangalore, **CPRI, Bangalore

Abstract : The objective of this paper is to highlight the communication with digital energy meters based on DLMS protocol .The protocol intended is a three layer HDLC protocol. DLMS specifies the Application Layer, Data Link Layer and Physical Layer standard. This paper gives brief idea about communicating with energy meters based on DLMS IEC 62056 standards.

Abbreviation Explanation

ACSE Application Control Service Element

APDU Application Layer Protocol Data Unit

A-XDR Adapted Extended Data Representation

CF Control Function

COSEM Companion Specification for Energy Metering

DLMS Device Language Message Specification

DLMS-UA Device Language Message Specification User Association

FCS Frame Check Sequence

HCS Header Check Sequence

HDLC High-level Data Link Control

HHU Hand Held Unit

IEC I n t e r n a t i o n a l E l e c t r o - Te c h n i c a l Commission

LLC Logical Link Control (Sub-layer)

LPDU LLC Protocol Data Unit

MAC Medium Access Control (Sub-layer)

MPDU MAC Protocol Data Unit

OBIS Object Identification System

PDU Protocol data unit

SNRM Set Normal Response Mode (a HDLC frame type)

xDLMS_ASE Extended DLMS Application Service Element

Introduction: DLMS-UA is a non profit organization which standardizes the protocols intended for digital energy meters. This paper refers a three layer HDLC connection oriented protocol architecture intended for digital energy meters. Here it is discussed briefly about protocol layers and their service primitives to communicate with energy meters.

Client Server Model: The protocol standard intended works in a client server approach. The client which is a HHU or

CPU (Center Processing Unit) always requests the server (meter) and the server sends response to the client. It has to establish a logical connection with the meter for accessing the data.

Protocol Layers To Communicate: The protocol stack has three layers to communicate with digital energy meter. The physical layer and data link layer together is known as HDLC communication profile which serves the higher layers such as Companion COSEM Layer and Application Layer. The three layer protocol which is intended is embedded in the energy meter. The application layer with its elements CF, ACSE, xDLMS_ASE acts as building blocks for Application layer. Data Link Layer consists of two layers LLC sub layer which is a IEEE 802.2 standard and MAC sub layer which forms HDLC frames.

Server

Meter

Request

Response

Fig. 1 : Client Server Model

Physical Layer: The physical layer is a part of the HDLC communication profile contains the PDU's for transmission through optical port or RS-232 port. The baud rate of the client physical layer is adjusted in order to communicate with Server physical layer as per IEC-62056-46 standard. Physical layer communicates in asynchronous mode using a serial port and it also support direct connection in IEC 62056-21 optical port mode-E. In both the cases baud rates will vary while communicating and the client has to adjust server (meter) baud rate depending on chosen communication port. The other parameters which have to be maintained while communicating with server (meter) are the client maximum buffer size. All these parameters should be adjusted and programmed to communicate with the server (meter).

Data Link layer: The Data Link Layer comprises of two sub layers LLC and MAC sub layer. The HDLC layer as a standard contains seven fields; they are two flag delimiters at the starting and end of the HDLC layer, Frame format field, destination and source address, control field,

Fig 2 : Protocol Stack using HDLC Communication Profile

COSEM OBJECTS

CF

ACSE xDLMS_ASE

APPLICATIONLAYER

LLC

MAC

RS-232 port.

DATA LINKLAYER

PHYSICALLAYER


Client

HHU


Training on “Safety & Fire fighting techniques” at CPRI, Bhopal

As a part of safety measures as per ISO/IEC 17025-2005, a training cum demonstration session on “Safety & Fire fighting Techniques” was organized for the CPRI Staff at CPRI, Bhopal. The training was imparted by the CISF of BHEL, Bhopal unit on 5.3.2010.

Shri Brajbhan Kurmi, Sub Inspector (Fire) gave an

illustrative presentation on types of fire and selection of fire

extinguisher and techniques to be adopted to extinguish the

various types of fire. CISF team has also given a

demonstration on fire fighting techniques which was

experimented practically by CPRI personnel. The training

imparted by the CISF team is very much useful to CPRI and

SAFETY WEEK

Smt. S. Vijayakumari, Women’s Welfare Officer, CPRI, Smt. Hema Hattangady, Managing Director, Shri N. Murugesan, Director General, CPRI, Sri B.H. Narayana, Additional Director, CPRI on the Dias.

will certainly enhance the skill and awareness of all the

participants. While expressing his gratitude and thanks,

Additional Director Shri B.V. Raghavaiah sought the help

from CISF for a higher level training on fire fighting

techniques in future.

International Women’s Day

International Women's Day was celebrated on 31.3.2010 at CPRI. Smt. Hema Hattangady, Managing Director, Schneider Electric Conzerv India Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, delivered talk on Power to Transformers. Shri. N. Murugesan, Director General spoke on the occasion and the steps taken by CPRI in implementing welfare schemes for Women employees.

Director General greeting the Chief Guest

UHVRL , Hyderabad celebrates Safety Week

th Safety week was organized during 1-7 March 2010 in

UHVRL, Hyderabad. Shri. Govindarajulu, renowned safety

faculty & IRCA accredited lead auditor delivered lectures

on safety. He covered the topics of electrical safety,

electrical fires, safety in material handling and house

keeping. He said that the safety should be given utmost

importance from the top management level to the level of

lower staff in any organization. He said that safety week

celebration inculcates the habit of safety at workplace. In

addition to general safety, importance should also be given

for the health of the staff, he said. Presiding over the

meeting, Shri B. Gunasekaran, Additional Director,

UHVRL said that safety issues are given importance at all

activities of UHVRL. Dr. Pradeep M. Nirgude, Engineering

Officer Gr.5 proposed the vote of thanks. Shri. B. Krishna,

E.A.Gr.2 organized the event. All employees of UHVRL

had taken safety oath on 5-3-2010.

information field and FCS are other fields. The address fields can be of one, two and four byte addresses. Frame format field is two byte and it is of type 3. Control field is used to represent the type of the frame transmitting, it is one byte field. Information field is of any length which contains the data to be transmitted.

Logical Link Control: The LLC layer which is on the top of the MAC layer provides its services to the Application Layer. This is based on IEEE 802.2 standard. This layer consists of four fields Source address, Destination address, Control and Information. The data at LLC layer is known as LPDU.

Medium Access Control : The MAC layer provides its services to the physical layer and it uses the services of LLC layer. The MAC layer is used to perform Error detection and flow control. FCS and HCS are calculated in the MAC Layer. MAC Layer adds its header i.e. Source address and Destination address apart from HCS and FCS calculation. The MAC frames are known as MPDU's. The HDLC protocol is used at the MAC layer.

Application layer : xDLMS_ASE, ACSE and CF are the three elements present in Application Layer. The CF controls the ACSE and xDLMS elements for establishing the application association and accessing the COSEM objects. The xDLMS element is used to access the data attributes which are COSEM objects. The Application Control service element is used to provide rights to establish application associations.

COSEM objects: COSEM objects are arranged in logical device. A logical device consists of Association objects, Communication objects, Data objects. Association objects represent the type of association with the client. Communication objects represent the communication profile used. Data objects represent the data to be transmitted. All these are modeled in their interface classes .These modeled interface classes contains data in the form of attributes. Attributes are used to hold the data. Methods are used to perform actions on the attributes. Attributes can hold static data as well as a dynamic data. These attributes are modeled in their objects using ASN.1 representation. Modeled attributes are again encoded in A-XDR. The advantage with A-XDR encoding is, it can reduce the size of the APDU's. The encoded bytes are transformed in to messages which are called as messaging. These frames are transmitted through the protocol layers. Application protocol layer develop these messages by using its elements CF, ACSE and xDLMS_ASE. To communicate with the COSEM objects application association is specified with the conformance block to communicate with the server (meter).

Calling the Attributes: There are two methods available in DLMS for calling the attributes. They are short name referencing and logical name referencing. In short name referencing each attribute contains a DLMS named

variable. In Logical name referencing each attribute is called with the OBIS code and its instance. In Logical name referencing each data object contains unique OBIS code and all its attributes are referenced with the index.

OBIS codes : OBIS code is used to represent the parameters of the DLMS energy meter. OBIS code represents all parameters and objects in the energy meter. It is a code of six value groups. It is represented as “a. b. c. d. e. f”. Each value group will have a definite meaning. While communicating with energy meters using short names Read, Write and Unconfirmed Write are used as services. While communicating with Long Name referencing GET, SET, and ACTION are used as services.

Procedure to Communicate:

Step 1 : The energy meter operates in SNRM. An SNRM connection has to be established between client and the server (meter). The SNRM Connection provides logical connection between MAC layers of the client and server (meter).

Step 2 : An Application Association has to be established between the client and the server. Application Association is established using Application Control element and xDLMS functions of application layer. The Conformance block provides the types of services available for accessing the data.

Step 3 : After establishing the connection the data is accessed by sending Read, using short name referencing and Get while using logical name referencing.

All the services have to follow the HDLC protocol while communicating. The frames are made by representing the data in ASN.1 representation and Converting to A-XDR encoded frames followed by a HDLC protocol for transmission through optical Port or RS-232 port.

Results: The APDU's developed for communicating energy meters are tested in laboratory with DLMS complained energy meter.

After establishing logical connection by using the SNRM and Appl icat ion associat ion request f rames, communication with the server (meter) is possible. Different parameters from the meter are accessed selectively using these APDU's.

Conclusion: This paper gives information on how to communicate with digital energy meters which are modeled and protocol enabled based on DLMS / IEC 62056. A logical connection between client and server (meter) protocol layers is established to communicate with server (meter). By sending frames the data present in server (meter) is accessed by client. References: www.dlms.com

DLMS Yellow Book – Conformance Test Process

DLMS Green Book – Three Layer Connection Oriented Architecture

DLMS Blue Book – Identification System and Interface Classes


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