siemens/danfysik partikel terapi acceleratoren - au · pdf filesiemens/danfysik partikel...
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Motivation: CancerKrav til beamAcceleratorer til partikel terapiDF/SAG accelerator systemetOpsummering
SIEMENS/DANFYSIKPartikel Terapi acceleratoren
SSøøren Pape Mren Pape MøøllerllerDANFYSIKDANFYSIK
http://cern.ch/AccelConf/p07/PAPERS/THPMN004.PDF
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Dose and intensity• Range of 30 cm →• Proton energy: (50-)250 MeV• Carbon energy: (100-)430 MeV/u=5GeV
• Dose of 2 Gy (=J/kg) in 2(10) l in 2 min. →• Particle intensity 6⋅1011 p in 2 min
or 2⋅1010 C in 2 min
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Lineær accelerator
Synkrotron
Cyclotron
Acceleratorer til PT
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SIEMENS (DANFYSIK)heavy-ion therapy
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18t
Ø8m
SAG-DF-MTA gantry
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Udfordringer ved et PT anlæg
• Kompleksitet• Pålidelighed - QA• Økonomi• Logistik
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SIEMENS/DANFYSIK PT system
10m
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DF-SAG facility
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Semi-vertical beamline
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PT RKA
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11<0.1%Variations in mean energy from synchrotron
<30%Integral intensity (fill)
<0.5 mmPosition variations at isocenter (including feedback)
<20%Beam width at variations at isocenter
<3Max/min intensity for faster sampling (down to 10 µs)
<+30%/-50%Extracted intensity (300 ms) sampling
Stability during spill
0.001-1Intensity variation
1⋅109Maximum number of carbon ions at end of HEBT per spill
4⋅1010Maximum number of protons at end of HEBT per spill
>95-98%System uptime
<8 s (TBC)Time to switch beam from room to room
<5 s (TBC)Time for energy change (stop extraction to start extraction)
<10 s (up to 30 s)Extraction time from synchrotron
<1 sRamping time of synchrotron to highest magnetic field
<10 sTime to change between ion species
88-430 MeV/uCarbon ion energy range
48-250 MeV/uProton energy range
Main specs. to the PT accelerator system
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DF-SAG facility
15mA
0mA
Un-separated DC beam from sourceH3
+, H2+, H+, …
C4+, …
8 keV/amu
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DF-SAG facility
2mA
0mA
Separated DC beamH3
+
C4+
8 keV/amu
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DF-SAG facility
2mA
0mA
Separated chopped beam
200μs
5 Hz
8 keV/amu
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DF-SAG facility
2mA
0mA
Bunched beam acceleration in LINAC
216MHz
200μs
..…………...
7 MeV/amu
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DF-SAG facility
100mA
0mA
10-turn multiturn injection into synchrotron
2μsH+, C6+
stripper
7 MeV/amu
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DF-SAG facility
20mA
0mA
Synchrotron acceleration during 1 s
..…
1-7 MHz
7-430 MeV/amu
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DF-SAG facility
0.1pA-10nA
0
Extraction of DC beam
50-430 MeV/amu
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LEBT, RFQ, LINAC, MEBT samt injektion
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LEBT
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ECR Ion Source
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Beam after ion source
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IS + LEBT i Heidelberg
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LEBT
•Macro-pulsechopper
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Solenoide
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RFQ + LINAC
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IH-accelerator
• 56 accelerating gaps within 3.8 m
• Accelerates from 400 keV/u to 7 MeV/u
• About 850kW of RF power needed
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HIT-IH Cavity
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Electric field IH-cavity
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Magnetic field IH-cavity
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Fields inside the IH-cavity
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LINAC quadrupoles
Ramped lenses with 5Hz
15ms ramp-up-time, 3ms flat-top, 25ms ramp-down-time
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The RF-system consists of:
- 200 kW amplifier at 0,5% duty cycle
- 1,4 MW amplifier at 0,5% duty cycle
- 4 kW amplifier at 0,5% duty cycle
Photos byHIT
RF amplifiers
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Radial Envelopes
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
-5
0
5ra
dial
env
elop
es x
and
y [m
m]
z[cm] beamaxis
-35° -35° -35°0° 0° 0°
L L
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MEBT
Vertical correctors
chopper
Injection septum
Stripper foil
debuncher
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MEBTHorizontal beam envelope [m] versus distance [m]
Vertical beam envelope [m] versus distance [m]
Note: Linear optics
0.000
0.000
14.574
14.574
0.025000
0.025000
-0.025000
-0.025000
Betatron envelope Momentum envelope
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Chopper
slit
bend chop bend
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Charge separation
The most closely spaced ions, from a not complete stripping process, will be O7+ and O8+.
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MEBT 25° dipole
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Debuncher
Beam at the stripper:
After the debuncher:
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DF synchrotron
Bumper
Elektrostatiskinjektionsseptum
Elektrostatiskekstraktionsseptum
Magnetiskeekstraktionssepta
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Synchrotron
BumperElektrostatiske septaMagnetiske septaBeam position monitor
Beam strøm transformereFluorescerende skærmeLong. og transv. pickupsExciter elektroderScrapers
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Synchrotron dipole
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Non-linear EFB variation, Pre-prototype exit, y=0, 100%
-0.00100
-0.00080
-0.00060
-0.00040
-0.00020
0.00000
0.00020
0.00040
0.00060
0.00080
0.00100
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
x (mm)
dLre
s/Lh
alf (
T)
dLres/LhalfdInt_Rel Calculated
Maximum field, Pre-prototype exit, y=0, 100%
-0.00500
-0.00400
-0.00300
-0.00200
-0.00100
0.00000
0.00100
0.00200
0.00300
0.00400
0.00500
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
x (mm)
dB0/
B0 (T
)
dB0/B0dB/B0 Calculate
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Electrostatic injection septum
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ElectrostaticExtraction septum
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Magnetic extraction septum
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Extraction straight section
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Synchrotron sextupole
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Synchrotron cycle
•0
•0,2
•0,4
•0,6
•0,8
•1
•1,2
•0 •1 •2 •3 •4 •5 •6 •7
•time (s)
•B/B
max
•low-energy protons•high-energy protons•low-energy carbon•high-energy carbon
•"chimney"
•dB•/•dt•/•Bmax •=1/s
•Extraction•1-10s
•Injection
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Beam envelope at injection
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Injection bump
Bumper magnet #1 #2 #33.2 mrad. 6.3 mrad. 7.6 mrad.
septum
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Bumper supply
time
Magnetic field
18 μs
Turn 4 15
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Multi-Turn-Injection
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Synchrotron cavity
2.5 kV
Rf: 1-7 MHz
Omløbsfrekvens 0.5-3.5 MHz
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Synchrotron dump
Vertical beam envelope [m] versus distance [m]
Note: Linear optics
11.220 18.422
0.040000
-0.040000
Betatron envelope Momentum envelope
Note: Linear optics
0.000 64.800
0.025000
-0.025000
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Slow Extraction
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HEBT
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HEBT
Survey-Plot [mm] 108000
HC
HS
1
HC
VS
1
HC
HS
2
HC
VS
2H
CP
G1
HC
HS
3
HC
HS
4
HC
VS
4H
CP
G2
HC
PG3
HC
HS
5
HC
VS5
HC
PG4
H1PGT
H2PGT
H3PGT
H4H
S1
H4V
S1
H4H
S2
H4V
S2
H4P
G2
H4HS3
H4VS3
H4PGT
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Fast Beam Abort System
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HEBT
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Vertical beamline for Japan
HC
HS
3
HC
HS
4H
CQ
D6
HC
QF7
HC
VS
4H
CP
G2
H1B
M1
HC
QF8
HC
QD
9H
CP
G3
H2B
M1
HC
HS
5H
CQ
DA
HC
QFB
HC
VS
5H
CP
G4
H4BM
1
H4BM2
H4HS1
H4QF1H4QD2
H4VS1H4BM3
H4BM
4
H4H
S2
H4Q
F3H
4QD
4H
4VS
2
H4P
G2
H4B
M5
H4B
M6
H4H
S3
H4V
S3
H4Q
D5
H4Q
F6H
4SC
VH
4SC
H H4B
M7
H4BM8
H4BM9
H4PGTISO-TR4
H3B
M1
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HEBT quadrupole
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HEBT beam + conditioninge
time
Magnetic field
2s
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67SHZ1-L/R-01 FCP1-L/R-01 VSC1-L/R-01
SHZ1-L/L-01 FCP1-L/L-01 VSC1-L/L-01
PRF1-L/R-01 (DCCT - in review)
PRF1-L/L-01 (DCCT - in review)SHZ1-L/C-01 SVT1-L/C-01 PRF1-L/C-01
RFQ
Chopper1
DTL
D Switch
D AnalyserD Analyser
Source
Source
D 25 degr
D 25 degr
DQVst
D
QVst
Q
[ PU1 Siemens ]
SHZ1-L/C-02 FCP2-L/C-01 PRF1-L/C-02
PU1-M-01 PRF1-M-01 FCT1-M-01
PU1-M-02
D inflectD
D
D
D
DD
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
QQ QQ QQQ
Vst
Q
ScnXY ScnXY ScnXY
DQQ
Q S
Debuncher
Chopper2
SHZ2-M-01 FCP2-M-02 PRF1-M-02
PU1-M-03 FCT1-M-02 PRF1-M-04 FCP2-M-03
PRF1-M-03
RF cavity
QS
QVst
Q
QSDCCT2-S-01 FCT2-S-01
BPM1-S-06
BPM1-S-01
BPM1-S-02
BPM1-S-03
BPM1-S-04
BPM1-S-05
BLM1-S-01
BLM1-S-02
BLM1-S-03
SLM1-S-02(Schottky PU)
SLM1-S-01(BTF exciter)
SLM1-S-03(KO exciter)
SQ
SCP1-S-01
VSC2-S-01
VSC2-S-02
MWPC1-H/C-01ION1-H/C-01
SNT1-H/C-01
SCP2-H/C-01
Q Vst
Q S
MWPC1-H/C-02ION1-H/C-02
SNT1-H/C-02
MWPC1-H/V1-01ION1-H/V1-01
SNT1-H/V1-01
Mag sept
[ BAMS ]
VSC2-H/C-01VSC2-H/V1-01
Rev: 8 Date: 07 Nov 2006Drn: JG Chk:
Sol
Q
QQQ
Sol
QQQ
Q
Sol
D v corr
ES septum
SS1
SS2
Inj bumper 1
SS3
Vst
SS4
SS5
SS6
ES septS
Mag sept
Inj bumper 2
Inj bumper 3
Fast AbortQ QQ
D
QQQ
DD
DD
D
D
D
ScnXY
[ BAMS ] [ BAMS ]
[ BAMS ]
Stripper
FCP2-M-01
MWPC1-H/C-03ION1-H/C-03
SNT1-H/C-03
MWPC1-H/C-04ION1-H/C-04
SNT1-H/C-04
Hst Hst HstHst VstHst
Vst
H/Vst
QQHst Vst QQHst Vst QQHst Vst
QQHst
SHZ2-M-02
SHZ1-L/R-02 FCP1-L/R-02
SHZ1-L/L-02 FCP1-L/L-02
sa, sa pa pa
pa
sa, sa pa
sa, sa pa pa
pa
sa, sa pa
sa, sa sa, sa pa
sa, sa pa pa
pa pa
pa
sa pa pa
sa
pa
pa pa pa
pa
pa
pa
pa
papa
pa
pa
pa
pa
pa
pa
pa
pa
Key
[ Device acronym Device subtype # - Region/Subregion - Sequential # ]
Regions Diagnostic devicesL LEBT: Acronym LE ME SY HE Qty Description
/L Left-hand source arm BLM 3 3 Beam loss monitor/R Right-hand source arm BPM 6 6 Beam position monitor, X,Y (with Schottky o/p)/C Common section DCCT1 0 (2) 0 DC (parametric) current transformer (2: in review)
DCCT2 1 1 DC current transformer integrated with FCT M MEBT: FCP1 4 4 Faraday cup high power (cooled)S Synchrotron FCP2 1 3 4 Faraday cup low power (uncooled)H HEBT FCT1 2 2 AC current transformer
/C Common section FCT2 1 1 AC current transformer integrated with DCCT /H1 Horizontal line 1 ION 5 5 Ionisation chamber (3 with readout)/H2 Horizontal line 2 MWPC 5 5 Multiwire prop chamber/H3 Horizontal line 3 PRF 4 4 8 Profile grid harp array, in vacuum/V1 Vertical line 1 PU 3 3 Capacitive pickup, non-position sensitive
SCP1 1 1 Scraper (synchrotron beam dump)SCP2 1 1 Scraper (Fast abort beam dump)
Other devices SHZ1 6 6 Horizontal slit pairRFQ Radio frequency quadrupole SHZ2 2 2 Horizontal slit single bladeDTL Drift tube linac SVT 1 1 Vertical slit pairChopper1 200us chopper SLM 3 3 Stripline xy (RF exciter or Schottky PU)Chopper2 36us chopper SNT 5 5 Scintillator, pulse countingAmag Analyser magnet (m,q) VSC1 2 2 Viewing screen, tantalum, high powerD Dipole magnet VSC2 2 1 3 Viewing screen, phosphor, dual positionHst Horizontal steerer magnetVst Vertical sterrer magnet ActuatorsQ Quadrupole magnet sa 14 2 16 Stepper axisS Sextupole pa 11 9 2 12 34 Pneumatic axisScnXY Scan magnets, X,YBAMS
Excludes items in Siemens scope (qty 1 PU)
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Faraday Cup
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AC DC transformer
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Profile Grid in LEBT/MEBT
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Slits/scraper/stripper cooled/uncooled
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Phase Probe for MEBT
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Beam Position Monitor
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Schottky probe
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Beam Loss Monitor
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Scintillation counter in HEBT
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MWPC in HEBT
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Ionisation chamber
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Fluorescent screen in HEBT
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Accelerator Control System
• Eckelmann