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Welcome to Digital SIGNAL , January 2009. In these pagesyoull find in-depth reporting of Homeland Security andSmall Business. This issue also contains the annualAFCEA International Source Book and Directory.

This directory contains contact and capabilities descriptionsof more than 1,700 AFCEA Corporate Members.A searchable database of this directory can be found atwww.afcea.org/sourcebook. The staff of SIGNAL is pleasedto deliver the magazine in this new, unique format.

You may adjust the page size and text size byclicking on the settings tab in the toolbar.

Digital SIGNALis published incoordination withSIGNAL Magazinesprint edition andwill be availableonline the beginning

of each month.

Sponsorship of Digital SIGNAL is available. Contact yourSIGNAL Sales Representative or Marsha Carpenter for details.

Subscribe to SIGNAL Join AFCEA

Obtain Membership Login

Please take a few momentsto click on the surveystarburst to let us know yourthoughts on Digital SIGNAL .

CLICK HERE to take the

Digital SIGNAL Survey

The Source Book Directory is not included with thisdigital edition. Please visit our website to access the

searchable database. www.afcea.org/sourcebook



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AFCEAS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL JANUARY 2009 $50.00

2009 SOURCE BOOKFor Communications, Electronics, Intelligenceand Information Systems Professionals

HomelandSecurity

AssessingThe Threat

Crisis Connectivity25 Joint Security 51 Credit Crunch55

S m a l l B u s i n

e s s T r e n d s

2009 SOURCE BOOK

Contents | Zoom in | Zoom out Search Issue | Next PagFor navigation instructions please click here

Contents | Zoom in | Zoom out Search Issue | Next PagFor navigation instructions please click here

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General Dynamics provides solutions enabling secure voice and data communicationfrom the core of your network to the tactical edge. Our portfolio includes the smallest,lightest Type 1 network encryptor, the only VoIP desktop phone certied for Top Secretand below over commercial networks and the only NSA-certied SME PED Smartphone.

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JANUARY 2009 / Volume 63, No. 5

19

43

59

The nature of the threat has changed,but the challenge remains the same:ensure the safety of more than 300million people against nihilistic foes whocanand willstrike anywhere they

can to inflict damage on the homeland.

Trying to obtain alicense to export technology can seemlike a steeplechaseracedifferent typesof obstacles andpitfalls emerge atevery turn. Efforts areunderway to eliminatesome unintentional

traps that ensnareunwitting contractors.

STAYING VIGILANT

APPLICATION ANGST

BACKYARDTECHNOLOGIESWhen infrastructurebreaks down, or doesnot exist at all,portable devicesmay hold the key tosurvival and recovery.A new series ofsimple systems maybe called upon toaid in to disasterrecoveryor justhelp establish basicservices wherenone ever existed.

Official Publication of AFCEA SIGNAL , JANUARY 2009 3

COVER- A U.S. Air Force airman with the532nd Expeditionary Security ForcesSquadron fires a signal flare from anobservation tower at Joint Base Balad,Iraq. Cover design by SIGNAL Art DirectorChris DElia based on photography byAirman 1st Class Jason Epley, USAF.

AFCEASINTERNATIONALJOURNAL JANUARY2009 $50.00

2009 SOURCE BOOKFor Communications, Electronics,Intelligence

and Information Systems Professionals

HomelandSecurityAssessingThe Threat

Crisis Connectivity 25 Joint Security 51 Credit Crunch 55

S m a l l B u s i n e s s T r e n d s

2009 SOURCE BOOK

HOMELAND SECURITY

19 Homeland SecurityThreats, SolutionsBecome More Diverse

By Robert K. Ackerman

25 Command DeliversConnectivity During Crises

By Maryann Lawlor

30 Army NorthLeader GuidesEvolutionary Progress

35 Partners Employ Web Technology ToManage Emergencies By Rita Boland

43 Group Plans Next-Generation Disaster Relief

By Henry S. Kenyon

INTERNATIONAL

51 Joint Experiment BridgesInteroperability Gap

SMALL BUSINESS

55Tight Credit PutsThe Squeeze onSmall Business

By Michael A. Robinson

59 Licensing ApplicationProcess Improves

62 Small Businesses MustUnderstand Regulations

STAYING VIGILANT

APPLICATION ANGST



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AFCEAs INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL

Chairman of the BoardPaul Cofoni

President and PublisherKent R. SchneiderAssociate PublisherBeverly P. [email protected] in ChiefRobert K. [email protected] EditorMaryann [email protected] EditorJim [email protected] Media EditorHelen Thompson [email protected] EditorHenry S. [email protected] EditorRita [email protected] EditorBeverly T. [email protected] EditorKatie [email protected] AssistantChristina [email protected] Art DirectorChris [email protected] CoordinatorJeanne BeboContributing ColumnistChristopher J. DorobekEditor at LargeClarence A. Robinson Jr.Contributing EditorsCol. Alan D. Campen,USAF (Ret.)Michael A. RobinsonTechnical AdviserDr. R. Norris KeelerAdvertising DirectorMarsha [email protected]

E-mail your comments to [email protected]

4 SIGNAL , JANUARY 2009 www.afcea.org/signal

Behind the Lines ...................6SIGNAL Today .........................8NewsNet ................................10Career Progressions .........12InternetWorks ......................14ProductQuest ......................353

Presidents CommentaryBy Kent R. Schneider OpportunitiesAbound in 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . .17Association FeaturesNations Converge forTalks on Swapping DataBy Rita Boland . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Asia-Pacific RegionServes as Template forOperational ChallengesBy Robert K. Ackerman . . . .67AFCEAEducational ActivitiesFoundation LaunchesCritical Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . .351IncomingBy Christopher J. Dorobek Information SharingIs Change We CanReally Believe in . . . . . . . . 384

DEPARTMENTS

AFCEA Sustaining Members ................355AFCEA Chapter Organization ................357Association News ......................................369AFCEAN of the Month...............................369International Chapter News .................370Calendar/Advertiser Index ..................381

SIGNAL (ISSN-0037-4938) (USPS 496-300)is published monthly by the Armed Forces Communications and ElectronicsAssociation at 4400 Fair Lakes Court, Fairfax, Virginia 22033-3899, (703) 631-6100.Toll-free (800) 336-4583. For direct-dial numbers to specific departments, see Association News. Subscription rate to nonmembers of AFCEA, 1 year (12

issues) $59.To foreign post offices, $82.Single copies: January, $50; all other issues, $5 each, plus postage.Domestic postage: $2.00 for the firstissue (except January); $1.00 for each additional. For January, $6.00 postage. AFCEAmembership dues: $35 per year, $20 of which is for asubscription toSIGNAL; student rate is $15, $7 of which is for subscription toSIGNAL. Periodicals postage paid at Fairfax, Virginia, and atadditional mailing offices. Posted under Canadian Publication Agreement No. 40795527. GST No. 87364 3266 RT0001. Return undeliverableCanadian addresses to Circulation Department or DPGM, 4960-2 Walker Road, Windsor, ON N9A 6J3. POSTMASTER: Send address changesto SIGNAL Magazine, AFCEA, Service Center, 4400 Fair Lakes Court, Fairfax, Virginia 22033-3899. Authors are entirely responsible foropinions expressed in ar ticles appearing in AFCEA publications, and these opinions are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views ofthe Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association. The nameSIGNAL is registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.Allrights reserved. Copyright 2009 by the Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association. Copyright is not claimed in the portions ofthis work written by government employees within the scope of their employment. Reproduction in whole or in part prohibited except by

permission of the publisher. The publisher assumes no responsibility for return of unsolicited manuscripts or art. When sending change ofaddress, please list the old and the new address and allow 3 weeks for delivery of first copy. Microfilm copies ofSIGNAL may be obtained fromUniversity Microfilms, 300 N.Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Article reprints can be purchased through the editorial department.

ASSOCIATION LEADERSHIPOfficers and Senior Staff . . . . . .359Executive Committee . . . . . . . . .360Permanent Directors . . . . . . . . .361Directors, Class of 2009 . . . . . . .362Directors, Class of 2010 . . . . . . .364Associate Directors . . . . . . . . . .365Regional Vice Presidents . . . . .366

2009 AFCEACORPORATEMEMBERCAPABILITIESDIRECTORYTopical Guide . . . . . . . .71IndividualCompany Listings . . . .97

10



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AFCEA ONLINEAFCEA Homewww.afcea.orgSIGNAL Onlinewww.afcea.org/signalSIGNAL Blogwww.afcea.org/signal/signalscapeSIGNAL Connections www.afcea.org/signalconnections

AFCEA [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Service [email protected] [email protected] and Chapter [email protected] DevelopmentCenter [email protected]@afcea.orgPromotion/Public [email protected] and [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

AFCEA TELEPHONEAFCEA Main Number(703) 631-6100AFCEA Europe32 (2) 705-2731Advertising (703) 631-6181Customer Service Center631-6158

Educational Foundation631-6147Exhibits 631-6200Intelligence 631-6250Membership,Corporate 631-6150Membership,Individual 631-6158Professional DevelopmentCenter 631-6135Programs 631-6125Promotion/Public Affairs631-6189SIGNAL Custom Reprints631-6192SIGNAL Editoria 631-6192Subscriptions 631-6158

Anew year brings changes just abouteverywhere, and SIGNAL Maga-zine is welcoming the new yearappropriately. Two years ago, webegan a new column called Incom-

ing . Located on the last page of the mag-azine, Incoming featured a guest colum-nist providing commentary on a widerange of SIGNAL coverage issues. Thepast year, the magazine and its readerswere fortunate to have Lt. Gen. Harry D.Raduege Jr., USAF (Ret.), chairman of the Deloitte Center for Network Innova-tion, provide 12 months of his perspec-tive on many of the pressing issues forthe AFCEA community.

Our goal has been to rotate columnistswith the dawn of each new year. So, withthe January 2009 issue, we welcomeSIGNAL s new Incoming contributingcolumnist. Many readers probably arefamiliar with Christopher Dorobek. A for-mer editor in chief of Federal ComputerWeek , Chris now is a co-anchor on Feder-al News Radio 1500 AMs Daily Debrief with Chris Dorobek and Amy Morris inWashington, D.C. He also hosts his ownblog, www.dorobekinsider.com. Chrissfirst column for SIGNAL appears on page384 in this issue, and look for him to con-tribute his views to Incoming each monthover the coming year.

One thing that doesnt change witheach January is the appearance of SIGNAL s Source Book. This compre-hensive directory features descriptions of each of AFCEA Internationals corporatemembers, along with listings of theircapabilities. The January 2009 issue rep-resents the largest yet in terms of thenumber of member companies.

But two vital focus areas constitute Jan-uarys editorial coverage. The first is

homeland security, and this issue leads off with an article based on an exclusiveinterview with Michael Chertoff, the out-going secretary of homeland security. Inthe article, which begins on page 19,Chertoff explains how the threat haschanged since the department was found-ed in the wake of the September 11, 2001,terrorist attacks. He also describes thehomeland security challenges that thecountry will face in the coming years.

Protecting the homeland is the purviewof the U.S. Northern Command, and oneof its elements is opening new doors incommunications. The U.S. Army portionof that command is advancing its capabil-ities with a new network operations cen-

ter along with mobile systems that can beused for disaster relief or sudden deploy-ments. Among others at Army North,SIGNAL Executive Editor MaryannLawlor interviewed the commander, Lt.Gen. Thomas R. Turner, USA, for herarticle beginning on page 25.

Managing resources is crucial in anemergency, so the Federal EmergencyManagement Agency has tasked a non-profit organization with a key role. NewsEditor Rita Boland reports on page 35about the National Donations Manage-ment Network, which has been estab-lished for states to request and managedonations.

Sometimes disaster relief operates on ashoestring. An international researchgroup is working to develop simple andinexpensive systems that can serve vitalroles in stricken areas. Business EditorHenry S. Kenyon writes on page 43 aboutthe Sustainable Technologies, AcceleratedResearch-Transportable Infrastructure forDevelopment and Emergency Support, orSTAR-TIDES, group and many of itspromising new technologies.

Kenyon goes overseas for his next arti-cle, which looks at how network-centricdata transfer is moving into homelandsecurity. He reports on page 51 how a

joint exercise between NATO and Swedendemonstrated new emergency responsecapabilities among coalition nations andlocal civilian authorities.

SIGNAL s second focus area looks atsmall business, which is increasing inimportance. The recent credit collapse hasthrown all businesses into turmoil, andContributing Editor Michael A. Robinsonpresents an in-depth look at the challengesthis crisis presents to small businesses.Robinson, a longtime financial writer,

interviewed business owners and analystsfor his article on page 55.For federal contractors who specialize

in defense and dual-use technologies, fewissues are more confounding than exportlicensing rules. Small businesses in partic-ular face myriad difficulties as theyexplore unknown territory with lessresources than their larger brethren. Onpage 59, Lawlor describes the challengesthat businesses faceand efforts under-way to ameliorate difficultieswith theInternational Traffic in Arms Regulations.

BEHINDTHELINESBEHINDTHELINES

6 SIGNAL , January 2009 www.afcea.org/signal



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Military Awards Millionsfor Basic Research

The U.S. Defense Department isinvesting an additional $400 millionin basic research at academic institu-tions over the next five years. Theawards are intended for individualinvestigators and will offer sufficientfunding for a cadre of graduate stu-

dents working with a faculty memberto make sustained progress in researchareas important to the military.

Researchers may base projects in sev-eral academic disciplines, includingphysics, ocean science, chemistry, elec-trical engineering, materials science,environmental engineering, mechanicalengineering, information sciences, civilengineering, mathematics, chemicalengineering, geosciences, atmosphericscience and aeronautical engineering.Topics for the initial funding will focuson Defense Department technical chal-

lenges such as countering weapons of mass destruction, network sciences,energy and power management, quan-tum information sciences, human sci-ences, science of autonomy, informationassurance, biosensors and bio-inspiredsystems, information fusion and deci-sion science, and energy and powermanagement.

Defense Department research officeswill choose the awardees based on thereceipt and evaluation of high-qualityproposals. Among the organizationsinvolved in dispensing the funds are theArmy Research Office, the Office of Naval Research and the Air ForceOffice of Scientific Research.

When chosen, a researcher willreceive the initial funds in fiscal year2009 and continue to receive fundingfor five years. Projects that can beconcluded in less than five years alsowill be considered for the grants.

Information about the funding pro-gram is available at www.grants.gov.

Resources for Warrior RobotsCongress has appropriated $2 million

in funding to further develop the War-rior 700, a rugged robot that can be usedin dangerous and inaccessible areas.Funding recently was increased in thearea of unmanned ground and aerialvehicles as part of the ConsolidatedSecurity, Disaster Assistance and Con-tinuing Appropriations Act of 2009.

The Warriors missions will includeproviding real-time video, audio andsensor readings to combat troops aswell as to local law enforcement specialweapons and tactics teams. The robotwill feature an advanced digital archi-tecture and multimission chassis thatsupports payloads that weigh up to 150pounds. Its payload-positioning systemallows changes in its center of gravity tofacilitate mobility over rough terrain. Italso can be used in urban environments.

Warriors first production units arescheduled to be available in the thirdquarter 2009. iRobot Corporation(www.irobot.com) designs and buildsthe robots.

Cruise Missile DefensePasses Test

An over-the-horizon radar systemdesigned to detect incoming cruise

MILITARY

SCIENCE ANDTECHNOLOGY


NewsNetNewsNet

The U.S. Navys new littoral combat ships will be equipped with a mis-sile system designed for the U.S. Army. The vessels are to be fitted

with the Non Line of Sight Launch System (NLOS-LS) originallydeveloped for the Armys Future Combat Systems (FCS).The NLOS-LS consists of a deployable networked launch container

unit housing 15 precision attack missiles. Through the Armys FCS net-work, the missile system can accept commands remotely and attack avariety of targets without a crew attending the launcher. The launchcontainer is platform independent and can be installed quickly onground, manned and unmanned vehicles.

For the Navy application, four 15-missile NLOS-LS container units willbe integrated into a single 60-missile mission module. Littoral combat shipswill have weapons zones for up to three mission modules per ship. Depend-ing on the mission, as many as 180 missiles can be carried on a littoral com-bat ship. The multipurpose missiles allow the ships to counter fast in-shore

attack craft, mines, submarines and other vessels.

Army Missile Goes to Sea

The Armys container- borne and -launched Non Line of Sight Launch System(NLOS-LS) is being adapted for sea launch aboard Navy ships.



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missiles has passed critical designreadiness reviews. The mission of theU.S. Armys Joint Land Attack CruiseMissile Defense Elevated Netted SenorSystem (JLENS) is to provide long-duration, wide-area detection andtracking of incoming cruise missiles.Another system function is to providecommanders with situational aware-ness and communications capabilitiesto enable air defense systems to engageand destroy the missiles.

Each JLENS unit, or orbit, con-sists of two parts: a surveillance sys-tem and a fire control system. Thesesensors include an elevated long-range surveillance radar and an ele-vated high-performance fire controlradar. The radars are installed in alarge aerostat connected by a tetherto a ground-based mobile mooringstation, along with a communica-tions and processing group.

The tests validated the systemssurveillance radar and the communica-tions and processing group. These testsare a prerequisite for a critical designreview scheduled for later this year.System testing is slated to begin in 2010with a system design and demonstrationset for 2012. The Raytheon Company(www.raytheon.com) designed andmanufactured JLENS.

Multifaceted BenefitsFrom Unmanned Aircraft

The U.S. Air Force Global Cyber-space Integration Center (www.gcic.af.mil) is sponsoring an initiative toimprove the accessibility, integrationand utilization of unmanned aircraftvideo. Known as Kaleidoscope, thesystem features functions to archiveand retrieve past video based on sceneand event characteristics such as color,size and enemy behavior in imagery.

Targets in a videos field of view areextracted automatically in real timeand distributed via the Cursor-on-Tar-get common messaging format. Thisenables users with limited bandwidthto access key points of information.

In addition to an automatic archiv-ing system, Kaleidoscope includes redand blue force tracking. Using Kalei-doscope, warfighters can maintainenemy tracking and identificationaccurately even after tree lines or tun-nels have obscured the path of anadversarys movement.

Kaleidoscopes automatic archiving

system also reduces the time requiredfor analysts to retrieve and sort througholder but still relevant intelligence data.

The system is scheduled to take partin Empire Challenge 2009, a demon-stration that U.S. Joint Forces will leadin July.

France Weighs Missile OptionsThe French military wants to replace

the unguided rockets carried by itsattack helicopters with precision-guid-ed weapons. To meet this goal, theFrench Defense Procurement Agency(DGA) is assessing a laser-guided 68-millimeter rocket for use by army andair force helicopters.

By 2013, the DGA hopes to have arocket capable of precisely hittingtargets to avoid collateral damage.The new missiles are intended toattack lightly armored fixed andmobile targets and infrastructure.Additional missions for the missileinclude close fire support, destruc-tion of enemy air defenses, attackinglight boats and small ships, and tar-get marking for artillery.

Developed by the Thales Group(www.thalesgroup.com), the new rock-et includes an integrated laser-designa-tion and guidance/control system.

European UAV Linksvia Satellite

An Italian-built unmanned aerialvehicle (UAV) has transmitted liveall-weather data to a groundstationin Italy via satellite from airbornetests over Sweden. The Sky-Y UAV,a medium-altitude long-endurance(MALE) aircraft, recently tested anelectro-optical sensor and a varietyof different information technologysystems to operate more than 125kilometers (80 miles) from i tsground control station.

The six flight tests featured theSky-Y sending live video and infraredimages of visible, hidden, moving andwarm targets to several Web recipi-ents. The UAV employed an EOST-45sensor, a new mission computer, adatalink used for sensor remote con-trol and for transmitting images to theground, and a tactical control stationthat included remote sensor control.

Alenia Aeronautica (www.alenia-aeronautica.it), a Finmeccanica compa-ny, built the Sky-Y.

INTERNATIONAL


The U.S. Army is only two tothree years away from field test-ing communication devices withflexible display screens, accord-

ing to officials at its Flexible DisplayCenter. The Army established theFlexible Display Center to advancetechnology research and speed thecommercialization of those screens.Flexible displays also have applica-tions in industry, offering optionsbeyond fragile, rectangular designs.

Devices with flexible displays areexpected to consume one one-hundredth of the power of comparablysized liquid crystal display devices, plus they would weigh less and bemore durable.

The technologies under examination also would provide better capabilitiesin most environments. For example, the U.S. Army Research Laboratory isinvestigating a flexible wrist display. It would consume minimal power, fitonto soldiers arms and provide them with maps as well as possibly providespecific instructions such as how to enter a building. The display wouldremain intact if soldiers hit their arms on walls or must crawl into a space.

Flexible Display Screens Loom

Scientists from the Armys Flexible Display Center demon- strate the bendable stainless steel foil flexible display.



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GovernmentDoug Cooke has beenappointed associate ad-ministrator for explo-ration systems, NASA,Washington, D.C.

MilitaryMaj. Gen. Mark A.Welsh III, USAF , hasbeen nominated for pro-motion to the rank of lieutenant general andassignment as associatedirector of the Central

Intelligence Agency (CIA) for militarysupport/associate director for militaryaffairs, CIA, Washington, D.C.

Maj. Gen. Abraham J. Turner,

USA , has been assigned as chief of staff, U.S. Strategic Command, OffuttAir Force Base, Nebraska.

Brig. Gen. Bradley A. Heithold,USAF , has been selected for promo-tion to the rank of major general andassignment as commander, Air ForceIntelligence, Surveillance and Recon-naissance Agency, Lackland Air ForceBase, Texas.

Brig. Gen. James O. Poss, USAF ,has been selected for assignment as vicedirector, intelligence, J-2, Joint Staff,the Pentagon, Washington, D.C.

Brig. Gen. Robert A. Carr, USA ,has been selected for assignment asdeputy chief of staff, intelligence, Inter-national Security Assistance Force, op-eration Enduring Freedom, Afghanistan.

Brig. Gen. Larry K. Grundhauser,USAF , has been chosen for assign-ment as director, intelligence, Head-quarters Air Combat Command, Lan-gley Air Force Base, Virginia.

Col. Gregg C. Potter, USA , hasbeen nominated for promotion to therank of brigadier general and as-signment as director of intelligence,J-2, U.S. European Command.

IndustryCACI InternationalIncorporated, Arling-ton, Virginia, has se-lected Zalmai Azmi

as senior vice presi-dent, strategic law en-forcement and nation-

al security programs.

Robert J. Matz has been appoint-ed senior vice president for businessdevelopment of Planned Systems In-ternational Incorporated, Columbia,Maryland.

CSC, Falls Church, Virginia, hasselected Michael J. Mancuso as

vice president and chief financialofficer.

Ken Foxton has been chosen asvice president of national intelli-gence programs of Yakabod Incor-porated, Frederick, Maryland.

Northrop Grumman Corporation,McLean, Virginia, has selected Col.J. Michael Landrum, USA (Ret.) ,to be director of communications forthe companys information technolo-

gy sector. Lon L. Rains has been se-lected as director of communicationsfor the companys space technologysector in Redondo Beach, California.Rear Adm. Paul F. Sullivan, USN(Ret.) , has been chosen as vice presi-dent of operations for the companysnaval and marine systems division,electronics systems sector, Annapo-lis, Maryland.

Lockheed Martin, Bethesda, Mary-land, has promoted Gregory R.Dahlberg to senior vice president,Washington operations.


Col. David W. Brown, USA (Ret.) ,has joined AtHoc Incorporated, SanMateo, California, as director of oper-ations, U.S. Army.

Unisys Corporation, Blue Bell,Pennsylvania, has named EdwardDavies president of Unisys FederalSystems and Robert Bratt managingpartner, civilian agencies, for UnisysFederal Systems.

Robert N. Burton has been ap-

pointed executive vice president andchief operating officer of Select Com-puting Incorporated, Minneapolis.

Michael Wells ha s joined Science Appli-cations InternationalCorporation, McLean,Virginia, as senior vicepresident of businessdevelopment.

John C. McNellis has been ap-

pointed senior vice president andpresident of L-3 Communications In-tegrated Systems Group in Greenville,Texas. Robert P. Birmingham hasbeen appointed president of the com-panys Link Simulation and Trainingbusiness in Arlington, Texas.

Carpathia Hosting, Ashburn, Vir-ginia, has named Jon Greaves chief technology officer.

DRS Technologies Incorporated,

Parsippany, New Jersey, has selectedVice Adm. John G. Cotton, USN(Ret.) , to be senior vice president,Maritime and Air Warfare StrategicPlans and Programs.

John Duddy has been appointedvice president and managing directorof Boeing Defence Australia, Queens-land, Australia.

General Dynamics C4 Systems, Ar-lington, Virginia, has named Brig. Gen.Nolen Bivens, USA (Ret.) , vice presi-dent of Washington operations.

CAREER PROGRESSIONSCAREER PROGRESSIONSPrevious Page | Contents | Zoom in | Zoom out | Front Cover | Search Issue | Next Page


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Energy | Environment | National Security | Health | Critical Infrastructure

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Small businesses are a vital sourceof new ideas and support for fed-eral government programs. How-ever, regulations and require-

ments can make contracting with theU.S. federal government a challengefor the uninitiated. This regulatorymaze can be especially difficult forfirms seeking business in the defensearena. The World Wide Web hosts avariety of sites designed to help smallbusinesses locate government contractsand to navigate the maze of officesmanaging government-commercialsector transactions.

Department of Defense SmallBusiness Innovation Research(SBIR), Small Business

Technology Transfer (STTR)www.acq.osd.mil/osbp/sbir

The U.S. Defense Department fundsa variety of research and developmentprojects worth billions of dollars. Thesesmall business innovation research

(SBIR) and small business technologytransfer (STTR) programs allow firmsto develop new technologies and pro-cesses to support the government whilekeeping the intellectual property rightsfor the fruits of this research. This siteprovides an overview of the SBIR andSTTR process, how firms can submitsolicitations and the various phases of the program development process. Thesite also provides lists of current SBIRand STTR solicitations and awards.

National Technology Transfer Center (NTTC)www.nttc.edu

The mission of the Robert C. ByrdNational Technology Transfer Center isto link commercial industry with U.S.federal laboratories and universities thathave the facilities and researchers tomaximize a products development.The NTTC home page provides infor-mation to businesses interested in part-nership development, technologyassessment, market assessment and

patent portfolio analysis. Additionalinformation and services offered by theNTTC home page include access to

publications, event management, Web

site development, database develop-ment and application services.

Business Reference Serviceswww.loc.gov/rr/business/contracts

This online guide is designed as aninformation source for anyone interestedin contracting with the federal govern-ment. Managed by the U.S. Library of Congress, the site provides a range of resources such as a digital catalog, linksto library catalogs, briefs, books anddatabases on contracting and govern-

ment purchasing. Another important fea-ture is a listing of material dealing withthe extensive laws, codes and regulationsgoverning work with the government.

Business.Gov www.business.gov

Managed by the U.S. Small BusinessAdministration in partnership with 21other federal agencies, this site is a sin-gle point of access for businesses seek-ing information about government ser-vices. The site features online small

business guides providing informationabout resources and programs, state andlocal guides for firms seeking govern-

ment business in their localities, and abusiness search engine designed tolocate information from federal, stateand local Web sites. Other capabilitiesinclude the Permit Me Web tool thatallows businesses to find listings of fed-eral, state and local business licensesand permits; contact information byname, e-mail and telephone for govern-ment agencies and government agencyforms; and questions about workingwith the federal government.

Department of Energy (DOE) Small BusinessInnovation Research (SBIR),

Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR)www.science.doe.gov/SBIR

Designed to help small businesses,the DOEs SBIR/STTR home page pro-vides information about a firms qualifi-cations for participating, policy direc-tives and an overview. The home pagealso features a list of national laborato-

ries, profiles of their primary researchand contacts. The site also includeslinks to state resources, the Federal LabConsortium, the DOEs home page andthe DOE Office of Science.

AFCEA Small BusinessProgramwww.afcea.org/smallbusiness

AFCEA actively supports small busi-nesses in the information technologycommunity. This page highlights theassociations small business program

and provides links to upcoming eventsand other benefits such as SIGNALMagazine, chapter information, andeducation and scholarship material.

INTERNETWORKSSIGNAL s guide to Web resourcesINTERNETWORKS

VisitSIGNAL Magazines home pageat www.afcea.org/signal .

Subscribe to SIGNAL Connections ,AFCEAs e-newsletter, atwww.afcea.org/signalconnections .

For professional development and

conference information, visit AFCEAshome page at www.afcea.org .

Goodreadswww.goodreads.com

Winter is a time for curling upby the fire with a good book. This

social media site allows its usersto create a virtual library of theirfavorite books, write book reviewsand rate books. Goodreads enablesmembers to share this informationwith their friends, join discussiongroups, start online book clubs,contact writers or even post theirown writings.



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HOMELAND SECURITY

Homeland SecurityThreats, SolutionsBecome More Diverse

The threat to the U.S. homeland ismore varied than when theDepartment of Homeland Secu-rity was founded in the wake of the September 11, 2001, attacks,according to the departments

outgoing secretary. While the group thatlaunched the attack remains a primaryissue, other organizations have emergedas potential malefactors to the U.S.homeland. And, the possibility of anattack on the homeland using weapons of mass destruction still is a major concern.

During this period, the threat hasevolved to include both new players andnew tactics. Terrorists and organizedcrime are becoming more alike in theirmethods and goals. The exponentialgrowth of cyberspace has increased thethreat from actions in it, and that threatnow may come embedded in hardware built in foreign coun-tries. The information age itself could be a target via theeconomy that it spawned.

Michael Chertoff, the secretary of homeland security,aims for a realistic assessment of the threat to the homeland.In a SIGNAL Magazine interview, Chertoff outlined thebroad spectrum of threats to U.S. homeland security whilewarning against both overreaction and complacency.

Homeland security is not a subject about which weought to be hysterical or obsessed with, but it also is not asubject that we can feel has passed us bywe haventbeen attacked for seven years, there is no big deal here,lets turn our attention to something else and forget this,Chertoff warns. If there is any lesson that the ongoingfinancial crisis brings for homeland security, it is that notpaying attention to risks when they are distant creates hugeproblems when the risks materialize.

We dont live in a world where wecan afford to do one thing at a time,he continues. Its very important tofix the economy, but thats not a rea-son to divert our attention from theneed to also continue to protect ourfamilies, our lives and our economicsystem.

He notes that the cascading effectsof terrorism run from loss of life tosignificant economic consequences.Taken with the crisis afflicting theglobal economic system, a terroristattack today could have a severelydeleterious effect on the economy.And, there are many players whocould wreak that kind of havoc.

Al-Qaida remains a serious threat inthat it is focusing on carrying outattacks against U.S. interests at homeand abroad. It does not limit its targetsto Americans, as it continues to threat-

en others in Europe and Asia, including Muslims. The ter-rorist groups capabilities were degraded when it wasforced out of Afghanistan, Chertoff points out. However, ithas reconstituted to some extent in the border region withPakistan and in other areas such as Yemen, Somalia andNorth Africa, where it has merged with existing localgroups.

And, if we relent, that threat can easily rise up again,he declares.

But while al-Qaida remains a threat from a strategicstandpoint, other threats loom as concerns to U.S. securityexperts. Hezbollah has not attacked Americans in recentyears, but it has in the past and it has grown stronger overthe years. And, it is increasing its footprint in severalregions of the world, including the Western Hemisphere.Always a capable terrorist organization, Hezbollah is sup-ported by Iran, and it has conducted fundraising in the

By Robert K. AckermanMalefactors expand into new challenges and venues.

Secretary of Homeland Security Michael Chertoff



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HOMELAND SECURITY

country currently scans virtually every incoming cargocontainer, and the department has initiated a process toprovide that same capability for private aviation enteringthe United States. If this effort continues to fruition, itwill plug an important vulnerability, he warrants.

Congress has mandated that by 2012, every containerdestined for the United States mustbe scanned at its overseas port of departure, Chertoff notes, but this isnot an easily attained goal. The Unit-ed States is moving ahead on thatgoal in some countries, but not allcountries are of the same mind. Ithink 100 percent is not a practicalgoal, Chertoff declares. Supposeanother country says no, he offers.Some cant because they lack thephysical architecture; the port wontallow it. Some wont because theychoose not to; they dont want tobear the expense or they dont wantto get involved in having ourenforcement people on their soil.What are you going to do?

This goal has a loophole: a futureHomeland Security secretary in 2012can extend that deadline. Chertoff believes that a futuresecretary will need to ask Congress to change that law.

The department also is striving to secure radioactive

material in the homeland, particularly that used or heldin medical and industrial facilities. Theft is the mainworry here. To prevent or mitigate a biological attack,the department is stockpiling treatments, Chertoff pointsout. Part of that equation is to ensure that these treat-ments can be moved out to where they can be more read-ily accessible by the general public quickly.

In addition to the physical realm, cyberspace is threat-ened by terrorism. Chertoff notes that the country hasbeen plagued for some time by cyberattacks ranging fromnuisances to sophisticated onslaughts. These include exfil-tration of information, denial of service and corruption of databases, to name a few. With most information assets in

private hands, networking extendsvulnerabilities across the spectrum.A network only is as strong as its

weakest node, he observes. Wehave a lot of nodes, and often thesecurity efforts we undertake areinconsistent with the fluidity in theopen architecture of the Internet. So,the question is how do you devise asystem that will incentivize peopleto protect their own systems if theyre networkedand how do weenable them to do that in a way that

doesnt compromise some of themost sensitive kinds of techniquesthat weve developed?

The new national cyberstrategy is designed to focus onthat, he adds. Many techniques the government employsfor cyberdefense are extremely sensitive, so the difficultylies in providing them without enabling enemies toreverse-engineer them to their own advantage.

But another threat lies in the very nature of commercialoff-the-shelf software and hardwarethe potential for trapdoors or Trojanhorses. Many information technologysystems include components that aremanufactured by subcontractors inforeign countries where the customerhas little control over processes andpersonnel. Chertoff cites how finan-cial data in Western Europe wasstolen by malware embedded in achip in an automated teller machine.In this global economic environment,companies must find a way to ensurethat they can validate their hardwareand software. This is a big challenge,Chertoff adds.

How do you make sure, in a glob-al environment, that you are notacquiring systems that have that kindof a defect in them? he asks. How

does that interact with global trade, and who vets it?That is going to increasingly become a problem. In someways, its the high-tech version of how you know what is

in the [imported] food youre getting.Solving this problem will require overcoming a host of issues ranging from regulation to trade protectionism.Chertoff expresses that he is cautious about the idea of establishing a government program that validates thequality of what goes into hardware and software. Ulti-mately, he believes, this form of verification maybecome a new line of business. The issue of qualityassurance is the biggest challenge in a global environ-ment, he declares.

Embedded malware could become the tool of choice fororganized crime or foreign organizations, including intelli-gence agencies. Foreign espionage could benefit from data


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HOMELAND SECURITY

rerouted to an overseas government byan innocuous chip in a network. Or, adenial-of-service attack could be trig-gered by a chip that uses embeddedmalware to generate hordes of mes-sages. Chertoff will not comment onwhether the United States has seen evi-dence of these types of attacks fromforeign governments.

The worst type of attack would be adenial or corruption of service, Chertoff says. For example, if a cyberattackchanged the figures in the financial sector, the effect wouldbe substantial. People no longer would trust the financial sec-tor to maintain the integrity of their accounts. If peopledoubt the value of what they have, that causes transactionalcrisis, he states. Imagine if a financial institution could notverify accounts. You dont have to hit everybody to create thecrisis of confidence.

Sometimes the best solution is nontechnical in nature,he adds. For example, merely printing out backups of vitaldocuments guarantees that their electronic destructiondoes not completely eliminate their data. Similar solutionsmay reduce the effects of high-technology vulnerabilities.

Chertoff notes that the department is conducting a lot of planning with state and local governments to respond tomany disaster scenarios, whether natural or human-driven.He does cite the need to maintain and repair infrastructurethat, if it fails, would provide a catastrophic multiplier

effect to a natural disaster.He calls for a public-private partnership to solve manyof the homeland security challenges facing the nation.Governments role should be that of a standard-setterrather than an overseer.

Some people believe that the government ought to doeverything itselfeverything ought to be guarded by thegovernment, the government ought to micromanageevery business, he relates. That would be a horren-dously expensive and not particularly effective way of securing the homeland.

On the other hand, while most companies and busi-nesses are responsible about securing their activities and

their employees, sometimes they dont internalize the costof failures that might relate to other people who would beimpacted by a failure, Chertoff continues. There may bea tendency to underspend or underprotect, particularly forthose businesses that are in the center of a network of interdependencies.

Its like the person who decides not to get insurancebecause its an expense, he analogizes. Insurance is anexpense until it winds up paying for a disaster. Ive seenthat with terrorism; Ive seen that with hurricanes; Ive seenit with the financial systemits what financial people callthe fat tail of risk. That high consequence and low proba-bility of risk is the thing that you cant lose sight of, and wehave learned that lesson again and again over the past 10years, and were going to keep learning itand that is whywe must keep investing in these security issues.

Chertoff believes that government has a role to play insetting performance standards and requirements. Thesewould ensure that no business would misjudge its vul-nerability in a way that would cause many other busi-nesses to fail as well. The public-private partnership isabout our setting standards for what you need to do, giv-ing the private sector the ability to meet the standards indifferent ways, and then ultimately our willingness toprod those laggards who dont come up to snuff, heconcludes.

Its really tempting when [a company] is cutting coststo say, What are the chances that were going to beattacked? Lets save the money and put it into somethingthat yields a more immediate return on investment. The

problem is, that was exactly the atti-tude that a lot of financial institutionstook a couple of years ago. Now, theyare digging themselves out of verydeep holes in very unhappy circum-stances, Chertoff notes. Companiesthat do not take seriously their respon-sibility to protect themselves, theiremployees and their assetsand alsoothers who rely on themare playingwith fire. Theyre gambling that theyare not going to wind up with a catas-trophic problem in which they not

only imperil their business, but theyalso may actually face liability.


How do you make sure, in a

global environment, that you arenot acquiring systems that havethat kind of a defect in them?Secretary of Homeland Security Michael Chertoff

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HOMELAND SECURITY

Command DeliversConnectivity During CrisesExpertise andcommunicationsequipment-ladenvehicles ensuresituationalunderstanding.

The U.S. Army sector of U.S. Northern Com-mand is contributingto homeland securityand defense by bring-ing communications where

and when it is needed most. To enhanceits ability to keep leaders and firstresponders connected, U.S. ArmyNorth recently opened a new networkoperations center at its home base inSan Antonio. The center provides situ-ational awareness of the plethora of

connectivity equipment theorganization literally sends outinto the field during both natu-ral and manmade crises.

Col. Quill Ferguson, USA,G-6, U.S. Army North (ARNORTH),

Fort Sam Houston, explains that thedifferences between the missions of soldiers defending the homeland andthose fighting abroad delineate thecommunications requirements betweenthe two. Although all communicationsequipment may appear equal to a casu-

By MaryannLawlor

One of U.S.Army Norths (ARNORTHs) Sentinel operational command posts (OCPs) performs its mission while set up in a remote location in Providence, Rhode Island.The mission was part of exercise Ardent Sentry 2007, a Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff-directed, U.S. Northern Command-sponsored homeland defense and defense support of civil authorities event.



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al observer, the specialized mission of ARNORTH personnel calls for con-nectivity well beyond military joint-ness. The organization must be readyand able to respond at a momentsnotice with capabilities that enable

multiple levels of communicationsamong federal, state and local person-nel by bridging the gap of both equip-ment and rank. Standard program-of-record items often cannot fulfill thisneed, Col. Ferguson points out.

Initially, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) outlined 13national planning scenarios that call foremergency assistance; last year,ARNORTH trimmed this number tothe eight they are most likely to sup-port. The commands focus is now on

explosives, nuclear, radiological, bio-logical, chemical or cyberattacks; natu-ral disasters; and pandemic influenza.

Although ARNORTH provides com-mand and control capabilities, it sup-portsnot commandsresponses in ahomeland emergency, the colonelemphasizes. Defense DepartmentTitle X has a lot of capabilities that thestates dont have, so sometimes werethe only ones who can do that mission.But for the most part, the mantra is thatwe are there to support; were not in

charge, he emphasizes.How ARNORTH reacts to an emer-gency is an indication of its mission to

support. When an emergency occurs,the states governor calls on state assetsfirst. States also have entered intocross-state agreementscalled emer-gency management assistance com-pactsthat facilitate cooperation when

a situation crosses borders. When theseresources are insufficient, the governorrequests assistance from DHS throughthe president. If approved, the FederalEmergency Management Agency(FEMA) and U.S. Defense Departmentare called on for assistance. Col. Fergu-son notes that federal assistance is notguaranteed; rather, it depends on per-ceived capabilities gaps. For example,in spring 2008, California GovernorArnold Schwarzeneggers request forassistance to fight wildfires was denied.

Once the decision to provide sup-port is made, the request is filteredthrough DHS to the appropriate orga-nization or contractor. If the DefenseDepartment is called on to assist, therequest proceeds through U.S. North-ern Command (NORTHCOM), atwhich point ARNORTH may beenlisted to respond.

ARNORTHs 10 regional defensecoordinating officers are the organiza-tions tip of the spear. Theyre co-located as close as we could get them

to the 10 FEMA regions. They are theday-to-day engagement entity of bothNORTHCOM and ARNORTH. They

do the full sphere of engagement, Col.Ferguson explains.

The command already has taken on avariety of missions since its inceptionin October 2006. Among its support tocivil authorities missions, ARNORTHcounts assistance during the I-35 bridgecollapse in Minneapolis, the 2007 wild-fires in Southern California and a mul-titude of hurricanes.

This tip-of-the-spear role is particu-larly apparent in the devices and equip-ment-laden vehicles the command con-trols, maintains and sends out. A SWE-DISH system, which features a Ku-band satellite terminal, enables theteam to access the Internet and is usedduring the initial entry phase of a mis-sion. Weighing 100 pounds, the systemfits in two large cases manufactured byPelican Products Incorporated and canbe set up in approximately 10 minutes.Data transfer speeds run at 1-megabit-per-second uploads and 2-megabit-per-second downloads, and the systemincludes 10 voice over Internet proto-col (VoIP) telephone connections andone switch.

Using this fly-away kit, the

ARNORTH response team can estab-lish a virtual private network (VPN)that enables it to access the militarynetwork. According to Jeff Chase,network manager, Operational Com-mand Post 2, once the VPN is estab-lished, it is just like sitting at ourdesks at the office.

In addition to the SWE-DISH sys-tem, ARNORTH owns a fleet of 19emergency response vehicles (ERVs).Each vehicle features the same capabil-ities as the SWE-DISH system; howev-

er, when the network comes online, itautomatically builds a VPN tunnel. Sowhen this vehicle comes up, it is anextension of the Fort Sam Houston net-work, Chase explains.

Capabilities on this system also canbe set up quickly. The time from arrivalto an area to network and satellite con-nectivity is approximately 10 to 15 min-utes. Connectivity can be extended tonearby buildings or other structures via1,000 feet of fiber optic cable, he adds.

The ERVs include voice over IP

(VoIP) telephones that have been setup through Fort Sam Houston, so,similar to the VPN with the fly-away


ARNORTHs network operations center at Fort Sam Houston, scheduled for redesign late last year, is the nerve center for network situational awareness.



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work in a secure environment. Eventu-ally, we will have the capability to dosecure over IP. The technology is outthere, we just didnt purchase thedevices, Monsees says. Prohibitivecost was one reason the devices werenot purchased, he adds.

ARNORTH owns two Sentinel vehi-cles. They are a deployable communica-tions package that provides communi-cations support to ARNORTHs OCP.Personnel in the command post workwith civilian first responders deployedto an incident site, such as hurricanerelief, riots, hazardous material spillsand terrorist attacks. Incident teamscomprise representatives from organiza-tions including NORTHCOM, DHS,U.S. Department of Justice and Nation-al Communications System.

Like the Super Sentinel, the vehiclesare built on truck frames that L-3 Wolf Coach fills with a full suite of network-ing capabilities. Other vehicles cangive you [the nonsecure Internet proto-col router network] and [the secretInternet protocol router network] andso on, but they are an extension of theFort Sam Houston network. This vehi-cle is a stand-alone communicationsplatform, and it is fully compatible withradios and frequencies that they use,Monsees explains. By combining aSentinels capabilities with other Armycommunications assets, ARNORTHpersonnel can communicate not onlywith first responders on the ground butalso with the military, he adds.

The vehicle can support up to 55unclassified and 30 unclassified com-puter users as well as 40 VoIP and 22analog telephones simultaneously; all

the computers are inherent to the vehi-cle. Because the Sentinel generates thepower it needs for the equipment inside,it can be deployed to austere environ-ments to provide network services.

The operators section in the Sentinelhas monitors that can display televisionprograms in the local area and twodirect satellite television stations, livestreaming video from the 40-foot pneu-matic mast camera and an array of small cameras mounted on the exteriorof the vehicle, video onboard DVD

player and videoconferencing. Theonboard DVD player can record videocaptured from the camera located on


Lt. Gen. Thomas R. Turner, USA, took command of U.S. ArmyNorth (ARNORTH) a month after it reached full operationalcapability in October 2006. In the two years since that time, thegeneral has seen his troops respond to a bridge collapse, wild-fires, severe weather and an earthquake gap analysis. Every eventhas helped the command refine its support activities, particularly

in the communications field.Each new mission comes with a different challenge, Gen. Turner

says. No place is this more vivid than in the signal world. First of all,you start working with government agencies the way the Army com-mands and controls, and then you throw in the joint piece. The commer-cial equipment the command purchased that enables its staff to communi-cate with first responders as well as personnel at combatant commandU.S. North Command was really money well spent, he adds.

The ability for the defense coordinating officers (DCOs) to interfacewith the people they need to regardless of service or organization, aswell as their mental agility, has stood the command in great stead, hestates. In some instances, because of the increased situational under-standing, the DCOs nimblenesscomplemented by communicationscapabilitieshas allowed ARNORTH to commit fewer forces to assist ina crisis, the general notes.

Every new mission also reveals new requirements, Gen. Turner shares.As we begin to put together this consequence management responseforce, and we bring together three brigadesone brigade combat team,one combat aviation brigade and one medical brigade, all with recentIraqi experienceunder JTF-CS [Joint Task ForceCivil Support], theycome with a lot of X type of equipment. All Army brigades have becomecomfortable with the Command Post of the Future over there, so we havea whole new community to link together now to allow civil support tocommand and control these Army brigades, he notes.

The general says his principal challenge is ensuring that ARNORTH hasa unified effort should it need to respond for consequence management in achemical, biological, radiological or nuclear explosion event. Althoughlocal and state capabilities to handle such an event are increasing, it is like-ly they would not be enough. If you look at the national planning scenar-ios, there are several that are so catastrophic that it would be obvious thatthey would want some of the Defense Department capability. So ensuringthat the capability exists, is responsive and can do what we will need forthe lead federal agency or the state and local officials are the issues that weprobably spend most of our time on lately, Gen. Turner states.

One capability that would assist in this challenge is the ability to viewa common operational picture and same situational understanding whenthe need arises, the general points out. But beyond the capabilities, one of the primary requirements are the processes that will help integrate differ-ent organizations, he adds.

The bottom line is that .mil and .gov are two different entities, andthey occasionally cause us information-sharing problems. Being able tohave access to what I want to access on the Army network and still beable to communicate on the joint network with one boss is pretty impor-tant to me, and that seems to be pretty difficult, he says. ML

Army North Leader GuidesEvolutionary Progress



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here, too. If we lose a hard drive, itsbacked up with the rest of them.Theyre all running in here in a virtu-al environment through software.That provides us our top-level net-work, user domain authentication,domain network, file server, printserver and e-mail server. No matterwhere the person is, someone can e-mail to one address, and it alwayscomes to the vehicle, Monseesexplains. The servers hard drives arehot-swappable, he adds, so if onegoes bad, it can be replaced on the flywithout losing network integrity.

To meet Army and Defense Depart-ment standards for Federal Informa-tion Processing Standard (FIPS) 140-2, the OCP runs a wireless network;this also facilitates set-up. We runthe fiber cable reel, put one of theoutriggers on the floor, and in it isone of our wireless access points.

When computers are turned on, theyconnect to our access point; specificsoftware must be installed for this tooccur. DOD requires a FIPS 140-2-certified encryption. If you donthave the software or the encryptionkey on your computer, then yourenot hitting our network at all; i twont even give you an IP address,Monsees notes.

The Sentinel is generally staffed by11 people to cover 24-hour operations;many are cross-trained so they can stepinto each others jobs if necessary.

All of this technology is more neces-sary than ever as ARNORTHs mis-sions continue to be refined. Col. Fer-guson explains that in addition to beingthe Joint Force Land Component Com-mand and Army Service ComponentCommand to NORTHCOM for home-land defense, civil support operationssuch as Joint Task ForceCivil Support

and theater security cooperation activi-ties, the command recently became theJoint Task ForceNorth (JTF-North),which operates out of Fort Bliss, ElPaso, Texas. The transnational threatwe always think about is to protect theavenues of approach in the U.S., main-ly on the southern border. But that mayalso include the northern border nowthat we know the bad guys are seeingwhere the gaps are, Col. Fergusonexplains.

Another responsibility recentlyadded to ARNORTHs strategic objec-tives is to anticipatenot just respondtoemergencies. The colonel pointsout that this is a double-edged sword.When you anticipate, youre injectingresources into the equation that firsthavent been formally requested andsecond havent been funded. Leaningforward without authority could meanthe Department of the Army versusFEMA or whoever was asked forresources has to come up with funds topay that bill, he notes.

But anticipate is very important tous because as C 4 [command, control,communications and computers]

providers it means get ready to go now.It does create some issues for usmainly the two that I just mentionedbut the American people do not want tohear that there was not an MA [missionarea] request for assistance and wedidnt go because we werent ready. Itslike having the capability sitting, andCNN is there looking at the capability,but people are starving or dying. I bringthat up because thats pretty big for usright now, and were trying to figureout how we deal with that without

going bankrupt, he states.


U.S. Army North:www.arnorth.army.mil Defense CoordinatingOfficer regions:www.arnorth.army.mil/ DCO/default.htm L-3 Wolf Coach:www.l-3com.com/WolfCoach

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The Federal Emergency Man-agement Agency has award-ed a grant for online dona-

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to share information virtually stream-lines efforts among government andprivate organizations as well as indi-viduals, increasing theefficiency of outreachand eliminating the bur-den of unusable sup-plies. Through the sys-tem, the government and its associ-ates can fill needs in the right places

with the right solutions with lesstrouble and more collaboration.The nonprofit organization AidMatrix

Foundation Incorporated, received thegrant to implement the National Dona-tions Management Network for states touse to request and manage donations inresponse to a disaster. AidMatrix givesthe software to states that request it. Theresulting portals allow the general pub-lic and service organizations to viewneeds in an affected area and to donatethe appropriate material without grant-

ing access to the inner workings of the

By RitaBoland

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To ManageEmergenciesFederal agency funds the development and provision of a capability toimprove the coordination of goodsand services during response efforts.

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"signal" 2009 -01

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