Introduction Name: Gohel Ankita Kishorbhai Semester: 3 Roll No: 12 Topic: Significance of Observation in ELT-1 Paper: 12 ( English language Teaching) Email id: ak.gohel4433@gmail.com Submitted by: Smt. Submitted by: Smt. S. B. Gardi,Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University Department of English.

IntroductionIntroduction

Observation, as the term is used here, refers to the purposeful examination of teaching and learning events through systematic processes of data collection and analysis.

Such events occur in untutored environments or in formal instructional settings.

This chapter focus on classroom environment.

The school classroom observed by video camera

What is Observation

“Observation is the active acquisition of information from a primary source. In living beings, Observation employs the senses.In science, observation can also involve the recording of data via the use of instruments. The term may also refer to any data collected during the scientific activity.

What is Observation

four Broad

Function

Teacher Education

Supervisor or

Principals

Teacher or

Colleagues

Classroom Research

Teacher and Learners have often observed by outsiders and the Teacher also undertaken in the Classroom Observation for a Variety of Reason.

Observation in second and foreign language classroom has been strongly influenced by the tradition of observation in first language classroom in general education setting.

They concerned that instructed observation could be subjective or biased led to the development of ‘ Objective’ coding systems has called observation schedules which were used to document observable behavior in classrooms with the help of electronically recorded data.

Background

The observer has consider the one thing that people don”t they are observed so they will behave more naturally.

Some of the school of education build special observation classroom with one way mirror so that student and teacher can be observed unawares.

Some language learners and teachers have kept daily journal as a means of recording their observation without the other members of class knowing that data were being collected.

Audio and vedio recording and teacher journals are among the most frequently used forms of data collection in action and research observation.

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The concept of triangulation refers to process of verification which gives us confidence in our observation.Denzin describe four different types of triangulation

Data triangulation, in which different sources of data( Teacher, student) contributed to an investigation.

Theory triangulation, when various theories are brought to bear in a study.

Researcher triangulation, in which more than one researcher contributes to the investigation.

Method triangulation , which entails the use of multiple methods ( E.G interviews,questionaires,obervation scheduals,test scores,fieldnotes.) collected data.

Current and Future treads and direction

Classroom observation used for

1) Teacher education 2) Supervision 3) Teacher development 4) Research

ConclusionWhether classroom observation is used for teacher education, supervision, teacher development or research there are now numerous instruments and codified procedures for working with observational data. In addition, in action research, peer observation and peer coaching, teachers themselves use a variety of procedures for observing classroom interaction, and analysing the data collected during observations.