simple past - general review

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1 CHAPTER CONTENT Preview 2-1 Expressing past time: the simple past 2-2 Spelling of –ing and –ed forms 2-3 The principal parts of a verb 2-4 Common irregular verbs: a reference list 2-5 Regular verbs: pronunciation of –ed endings CONTENTS

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Simple Past of Be Regular and Irregular Verbs

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Page 1: Simple Past - General Review

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CHAPTER CONTENT

Preview 2-1 Expressing past time: the simple past 2-2 Spelling of –ing and –ed forms 2-3 The principal parts of a verb 2-4 Common irregular verbs: a reference list 2-5 Regular verbs: pronunciation of –ed endings 2-6 Simple past and past progressive 2-7 Expressing past time: using time clauses 2-8 Expressing past habit: used to

CONTENTS

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CHAPTER CONTENTCHAPTER 2: PREVIEW

Alada rides the bus to work.Yesterday it rained and her clothes got wet.Today she is taking extra clothes to work.

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CHAPTER CONTENTCHAPTER 2: PREVIEW

Alada rides the bus to work.Yesterday it rained and her clothes got wet.Today she is taking extra clothes to work.

PRESENT TENSE

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CHAPTER CONTENTCHAPTER 2: PREVIEW

Alada rides the bus to work.Yesterday it rained and her clothes got wet.Today she is taking extra clothes to work.

PAST TENSE

PRESENT TENSE

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2-1 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: THE SIMPLE PAST

We graduated from college in 2010.

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2-1 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: THE SIMPLE PAST

(a) Our family ate lunch outside yesterday.

(b) Adrianna studied for six hours last night.

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activities or situations

SIMPLE PAST began and ended in the past (yesterday, last night, in 2007)

2-1 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: THE SIMPLE PAST

(a) Our family ate lunch outside yesterday.

(b) Adrianna studied for six hours last night.

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watch

2-1 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: THE SIMPLE PAST

(c) They watched the movie last night.

(d) Alexandra answered the question yesterday.

+ed = watchedanswer +ed = answered

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2-1 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: THE SIMPLE PAST

(e) We slept in tents at camp last summer.

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2-1 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: THE SIMPLE PAST

(e) We slept in tents at camp last summer.

(f) I understood most of the directions yesterday.

Irregular past:sleep sleptunderstand understoodeat ate

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Simple past forms of be was and were

2-1 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: THE SIMPLE PAST

(g) I was a lifeguard last summer.

(h) They were in Belgium last month.

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2-1 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: THE SIMPLE PAST

STATEMENT I-You-She-He-It-We-They startedschool last week.

REGULAR VERBS

NEGATIVE I-You-She-He-It-We-They did not start

school last week.

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2-1 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: THE SIMPLE PAST

QUESTION

REGULAR VERBS

SHORT

ANSWER

I-you-she-he-it-we-they start

school last week?

Did

I-you-she-he-it-we-they did.Yes,I-you-she-he-it-we-they didn’t.No,

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2-1 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: THE SIMPLE PAST

STATEMENT

BE- VERB

NEGATIVE

I-She-He-It was home last week.

We-You-They were home last week.

I-She-He-It was not home last week.

We-You-They were not home last week.

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2-1 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: THE SIMPLE PAST

QUESTION

BE- VERB

SHORT

ANSWER

I-she-he-it home last week?Waswe-you-they home last week?Were

I-she-he-it was.we-you-they were.

Yes,Yes,

I-she-he-it- wasn’t.we-you-they weren’t.

No,No,

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They _______ at the movies last night at 8:00.

2-1 LET’S PRACTICE

They ____ at the grocery store last night at 8:00.

weren’t

were

is

They were at the movies last night at 8:00.?

ACCURATE, AFFIRMATIVE STATEMENT:

NEGATIVE STATEMENT:

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CHAPTER CONTENT2-1 LET’S PRACTICE

This airplane was madein 1625.

This airplane ______ made in 1625.

This airplane ___ made in 1943.

wasn’t

was

?1943 is

ACCURATE, AFFIRMATIVE STATEMENT:

NEGATIVE STATEMENT:

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ACCURATE, AFFIRMATIVE STATEMENT:

2-1 LET’S PRACTICE

Did Carla get a bad gradeon her test?

Carla ________ a bad grade on her test.

Carla ________ an excellent grade on her test.

didn’t get

got

NEGATIVE STATEMENT:

get?

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We are learning to speak English.

2-2 SPELLING OF –ING AND –ED FORMS

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smiledsmilingsmile

hopedhoping

2-2 SPELLING OF –ING AND –ED FORMS

-ing form: drop -e, add -ing

END OF VERB DOUBLE THE CONSONANT?

-e NO

-ed form: add -d

hope

(a)

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learnlearning

helpinghelphelped

learned

2-2 SPELLING OF –ING AND –ED FORMS

add -ing

END OF VERB DOUBLE THE CONSONANT?

Two Consonants NO

add -ed

(b)

Two consonants

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heatheatingheated

rainedrainingrain

2-2 SPELLING OF –ING AND –ED FORMS

add -ing

END OF VERB DOUBLE THE CONSONANT?

Two Vowels + One Consonant

NO

add -ed

(c)

Two vowels + one consonant

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planningplanned

stopping

plan

stoppedstop

2-2 SPELLING OF –ING AND –ED FORMS

add -ing

END OF VERB DOUBLE THE CONSONANT?

One Vowel + One Consonant

YES

add -ed

(d)

ONE-SYLLABLE VERBS

Double the consonant and

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visit

offeringoffered

visiting

offer

visited

2-2 SPELLING OF –ING AND –ED FORMS

add -ing

END OF VERB DOUBLE THE CONSONANT?

One Vowel + One Consonant

NO

add -ed

(e)

TWO-SYLLABLE VERBS

First syllable stressed

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preferredprefer

admitting admitted

preferring

admit

2-2 SPELLING OF –ING AND –ED FORMS

add -ing

END OF VERB DOUBLE THE CONSONANT?

One Vowel + One Consonant

YES

add -ed

(f)

TWO-SYLLABLE VERBS

Second syllable stressed, double the consonant

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playedplay

enjoying enjoyed

playing

enjoy

2-2 SPELLING OF –ING AND –ED FORMS

END OF VERB DOUBLE THE CONSONANT?

NO

keep the -y

(g)

vowel + -y

-y

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worriedworry

studying studied

worrying

study

2-2 SPELLING OF –ING AND –ED FORMS

END OF VERB DOUBLE THE CONSONANT?

NO

-y + -ing

(h)

consonant + -y

-y

-i + -ed-y

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dieddie

tying tied

dying

tie

2-2 SPELLING OF –ING AND –ED FORMS

END OF VERB

-y + -ing

(i)

-ie

-ie

add -d

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CHAPTER CONTENT 2-2 LET’S PRACTICE

-ING form ________

rain

-ED form ________

raining

rained

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CHAPTER CONTENT 2-2 LET’S PRACTICE

-ING form _________

study

-ED form _________

studying

studied

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CHAPTER CONTENT 2-2 LET’S PRACTICE

-ING form _____lie

-ED form _____

lying

lied

Please don’t lie to me!

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They became friends.

2-3 THE PRINCIPAL PARTS OF A VERB

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2-3 THE PRINCIPAL PARTS OF A VERB

SIMPLE FORMRegular Verbs Irregular Verbs

finishhopetry

Simple FormNo final –s, –ed, or –ing

seesinggo

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2-3 THE PRINCIPAL PARTS OF A VERB

SIMPLE PASTRegular Verbs Irregular Verbs

finishedhopedtried

Simple Past –ed for regular verbs

sawsangwent

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2-3 THE PRINCIPAL PARTS OF A VERB

PAST PARTICIPLERegular Verbs Irregular Verbs

finishedhopedtried

Past Participle–ed for regular verbs

seensunggone

perfect tenses & passive

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2-3 THE PRINCIPAL PARTS OF A VERB

PRESENT PARTICIPLERegular Verbs Irregular Verbs

finishinghopingtrying

Present Participle–ing for all verbs

seeingsinginggoing

used with progressive tenses

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Somebody spent all my money.

2-4 COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS: A REFERENCE LIST

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SIMPLE FORM: awake

SIMPLE PAST: awoke

PAST PARTICIPLE: awoken

2-4 COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS: A REFERENCE LIST

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SIMPLE FORM: forget

SIMPLE PAST: forgot

PAST PARTICIPLE: forgotten

2-4 COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS: A REFERENCE LIST

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SIMPLE FORM: shave

SIMPLE PAST: shaved

PAST PARTICIPLE: shaved/shaven

2-4 COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS: A REFERENCE LIST

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SIMPLE FORM: throw

SIMPLE PAST: threw

PAST PARTICIPLE: thrown

2-4 COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS: A REFERENCE LIST

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2-4 LET’S PRACTICE

SIMPLE FORM: give

SIMPLE PAST: _____gave

PAST PARTICIPLE: _____given

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2-4 LET’S PRACTICE

SIMPLE FORM: sit

SIMPLE PAST: ___sat

PAST PARTICIPLE: ___sat

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2-4 LET’S PRACTICE

SIMPLE FORM: read

SIMPLE PAST: _______read

PAST PARTICIPLE: _______read

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CHAPTER CONTENT 2-5 REGULAR VERBS: PRONUNCIATION OF –ED

ENDINGS

talked

talk/t/

She talked to me for an hour.

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voiceless sound + -ed /t/

(a) talked = talk/t/ stopped = stop/t/

hissed = hiss/t/watched = watch/t/washed = wash/t/

examples:

k

/k/ /p/

pp

,

2-5 REGULAR VERBS: PRONUNCIATION OF –ED ENDINGS

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/k/ /s/ /ch/ /sh/,

voiceless sound + -ed /t/

(a) talked = talk/t/ stopped = stop/t/

hissed = hiss/t/watched = watch/t/washed = wash/t/

examples:

/p/

ssch

sh

, , ,

2-5 REGULAR VERBS: PRONUNCIATION OF –ED ENDINGS

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voiced sound + -ed /d/

(b) called = call/d/ rained = rain/d/

lived = live/d/robbed = rob/d/stayed = stay/d/

examples:

ll

/l/ /n/

n

,

2-5 REGULAR VERBS: PRONUNCIATION OF –ED ENDINGS

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voiced sound + -ed /d/

(b) called = call/d/ rained = rain/d/

lived = live/d/robbed = rob/d/stayed = stay/d/

examples: /l/ /n/ /v/

v

/b/

bb

all vowel sounds

y

, , , ,

2-5 REGULAR VERBS: PRONUNCIATION OF –ED ENDINGS

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“t” or “d” + -ed / d/

(c) waited = wait / d/ needed = need / d/

td

ee

e

2-5 REGULAR VERBS: PRONUNCIATION OF –ED ENDINGS

ulaneth
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CHAPTER CONTENT 2-5 LET’S PRACTICE

behaved

behave__ 1. /t/2. /d/3. / d/

e

?

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CHAPTER CONTENT 2-5 LET’S PRACTICE

behaved

behave__ 1. /t/2. /d/3. / d/

e

/d/

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CHAPTER CONTENT 2-5 LET’S PRACTICE

planted

plant___? 1. /t/2. /d/3. / d/

e

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plant___

2-5 LET’S PRACTICE

/ d/

e 1. /t/2. /d/3. / d/

eplanted

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He ran to work yesterday.He was running when the bus drove by.

2-6 SIMPLE PAST AND PAST PROGRESSIVE

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THE SIMPLE PAST

X

(a) Edgar ran to work yesterday.

(b) Pat drove to work this morning.

began and ended at particular time in the past

2-6 SIMPLE PAST AND PAST PROGRESSIVE

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THE PAST PROGRESSIVE

(c) Edgar was running when the bus drove by.(d) They were eating when I got home.

in progresswas/were + -ing

XX

2-6 SIMPLE PAST AND PAST PROGRESSIVE

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THE PAST PROGRESSIVE

(e) When the bus drove by, Edgar was running.(f) The bus drove by while Edgar was running.

when = at that timewhile = during that time

XX

2-6 SIMPLE PAST AND PAST PROGRESSIVE

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was not talking.wasn’t talking.

NEGATIVE

STATEMENT I-She-He-It was talking.

You-We-They were talking.

I-She-He-It

You-We-They were not talking.weren’t talking.

2-6 SIMPLE PAST AND PAST PROGRESSIVE

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QUESTION

SHORT ANSWER

I-she-he-it talking ?Was

Yes,No,

you-we-they talking ?Were

I-she-he-it was.I-she-he-it wasn’t.

Yes,No,

you-we-they were.you-we-they weren’t.

2-6 SIMPLE PAST AND PAST PROGRESSIVE

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2-6 LET’S PRACTICE

Yesterday, the camels ___________ in the desert.

walk

were walking

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At 8:00, we began to work.

At 8:30, we ____________.

workwere working

2-6 LET’S PRACTICE

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Marie __________ for the bus.

Marie _____________ for a plane.

was waitingwaitOR

wait, notwasn’t waiting

2-6 LET’S PRACTICE

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2-7 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: USING TIME CLAUSES

Our son called while we were using the computer.

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2-7 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: USING TIME CLAUSES

(a) After I exercised, I took a shower.

(b) I took a shower after I exercised.

(a) time clause main clause

time clause main clause

time clausemain clause

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2-7 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: USING TIME CLAUSES

(a) After I exercised, I took a shower.

(b) I took a shower after I exercised.

(b) main clause time clause

time clause main clause

time clausemain clause

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2-7 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: USING TIME CLAUSES

(c) I took a shower after I exercised.

(d) Before I took a shower, I exercised.

afterbeforeuntilas soon aswhilewhen

subject and verb

a time clause

+ =

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2-7 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: USING TIME CLAUSES

(e) I exercised I took a shower.

(f) I exercised, I took a shower.

until = to that time and no longer

as soon as = immediately after

until

As soon as

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main clause + comma + time clause

When Mary came home, I was studying.

2-7 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: USING TIME CLAUSES

(g) Mary came home I was studying.

(h)

while

time clause + comma + main clause

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2-7 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: USING TIME CLAUSES

First: I rang the doorbellThen: it played music

(i) When I rang the doorbell, it played music.

when allows simple past in both clauses

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two actions at the same time

past progressive okay in both

2-7 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: USING TIME CLAUSES

(j) She was learning to ski while he was playing golf.

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2-7 LET’S PRACTICE

While we ___________, our children

____________ school.

attendwork

were working

were attending

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Lynn _________ while she __________ a book.

fall asleep

was reading

read

fell asleep

2-7 LET’S PRACTICE

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First: I went shopping.Then: I put the food away.

After _____________, ________________.I went shopping I put the food away

________________ after ______________.I went shoppingI put the food away

2-7 LET’S PRACTICE

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2-8 EXPRESSING PAST HABIT: USED TO

He used to be a baby, but now he is man with a family.

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2-8 EXPRESSING PAST HABIT: USED TO

(a) I used to swim every afternoon. Now I work in the afternoon.

(b) Fatima used to play piano, but now she plays the violin.

(c) Jasmine used to laugh, but she doesn’t anymore.

used to past situations no longer exist used to + simple form of a verb

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2-8 EXPRESSING PAST HABIT: USED TO

(d) Did you used to swim every afternoon? (OR Did you use to swim every afternoon?)

did + subject + used to

(OR did + subject + use to)

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2-8 EXPRESSING PAST HABIT: USED TO

(e) I didn’t used to swim every day, but now I swim every afternoon.

(f) Fatima never used to love school, but now she loves it.

For negative ideas,never is more common.

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2-8 LET’S PRACTICE

Correct?

The children used to swam in the ocean.

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The children used to swim in the ocean.The children used to swam in the ocean.

Correct? No

2-8 LET’S PRACTICE

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Correct?Were you used to ask questions in school?

2-8 LET’S PRACTICE

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Correct?Were you used to ask questions in school?

No Did you used to ask questions in school?

2-8 LET’S PRACTICE

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