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Singapore Cultural StatiStiCSin BrieF

©Copyright 2010, Ministry of Information, Communications and the Arts

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher. All rights reserved.

ISSN: 1793-866X

Published by

Ministry of Information, National Arts CouncilCommunications and the Arts 140 Hill Street #03-01140 Hill Street #02-02 MICA Building Singapore 179369MICA Building Singapore 179369 Tel: (65) 6746 4622Tel: (65) 6270 7988 Fax: (65) 6837 3010Fax: (65) 6837 9480 Website: http://www.nac.gov.sgWebsite: http://www.mica.gov.sg

National Heritage Board National Library Board61 Stamford Road #03-08 100 Victoria StreetStamford Court Singapore 178892 Singapore 188064Tel: (65) 6338 0000 Tel: (65) 6332 3133Fax: (65) 63323568 Fax: (65) 6332 3233Website: http://www.nhb.gov.sg Website: http://www.nlb.gov.sg

Editorial Team

Strategic Planning DepartmentOrganisation Management DivisionMinistry of Information, Communicationsand the Arts

Designed by

Behaviour Design Office

Printed and bound in Singapore

Third Edition 2010

CONTENTSOVERVIEW 04

A. ARTS AND CULTURAL SCENE 05

I. Arts and Cultural Activities 06 Chart A-1: Performing and Visual 06 Arts Activities Chart A-2: Type of Performances 07 Chart A-3: Museum Activities 08 Chart A-4: Library Activities 09 Chart A-5: Library Resources 10 Chart A-6: Legal Deposits 11

II. Arts and Cultural Organisations 12 Chart A-7: Arts Companies 12 Chart A-8: Arts Societies 13 Chart A-9: Museums in Roundtable 14

B. ARTS AND CULTURAL ENGAGEMENT 15

I. Attendance at Arts and Cultural Events 16 Chart B-1: Total Ticketed Attendance 16 at Performing Arts Events Chart B-2: Ticket Sales for Performing 17 Arts Events Chart B-3: Non-Ticketed Attendance at 18 Arts and Cultural Events

II. Museum Visitorship 19 Chart B-4: Total Visitorship to Museums 19 Chart B-5: Total Visitorship to 20 National Museums

III. Library Visitorship and Services 21 Chart B-6: Physical Visitorship and 21 Library Loans Chart B-7: E-retrievals and 22 Digital Visitorship

Special Feature on Visual Arts by National 23Arts Council

C. ARTS EDUCATION AND PARTICIPATION 33 IN SCHOOLS

I. Tertiary Arts Education 34 Chart C-1: Full-time Enrolment in Tertiary 34 Arts Courses Table C-1: Full-time Enrolment 35 in Tertiary Arts Courses

II. Pre-tertiary Arts Education 36 Table C-2: Enrolment in School of the Arts 36

III. Arts-related Co-curricular Activities 37 Chart C-2: Students in Arts-related 37 Co-curricular Activities Table C-3: Students in Arts-related 38 Co-curricular Activities

D. FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR ARTS 39 AND CULTURE

I. Arts and Cultural Philanthropy 40 Chart D-1: Contributions to Arts 40 and Culture

II. Government Funding for Arts and Culture 41 Chart D-2: Government Funding 41

E. ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF THE ARTS 43 AND CULTURAL SECTOR

I. Arts and Cultural Manpower 44 Chart E-1: Total Employment 44

II. Economic Value of the Arts and Cultural Sector 45 Chart E-2: Total Nominal Value-added 45 Chart E-3: Total Operating Receipts 46

ANNEX – ARTS AND CULTURAL 47CLUSTER DEFINITION

OVERVIEW

SINGAPORE CULTURAL STATISTICS IN BRIEF

2003-2009

pg04

OVERVIEW

The Singapore Cultural Statistics in Brief (2003-2009)1 provides an update on the state of Singapore’s arts and cultural sector. The arts and cultural sector reviewed in this publication includes arts and cultural activities of various genres (e.g. Performing Arts, Visual Arts and Literary Arts), heritage activities like exhibitions in museums, as well as usage of library resources.

1Statistics in the past publications of the Singapore Cultural Statistics were based on the Financial Year, starting from 1 Apr to 31 Mar. From 2009, statistics collected will be based on the Calendar Year, starting from 1 Jan to 31 Dec. Statistics from NHB for data from 2003 to 2008 are based on the Financial Year. All other statistics in this report are based on the Calendar Year unless stated otherwise. Statistics published in the previous editions may be different due to this change or updated due to a revision in the data series.

More than 80 arts and cultural activities

are taking place in Singapore every day.

ARTS AND CULTURAL SCENE

35,000

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01.ARTS AND CULTURAL SCENE

I. Arts and Cultural Activities

SINGAPORE CULTURAL STATISTICS IN BRIEF2003-2009

pg06

A. ARTS AND CULTURAL SCENE

This section presents charts and statistics on cultural activities and players in the cultural eco-system. Collectively, these statistics provide an indication of the vibrancy of Singapore’s cultural scene.

I. Arts and Cultural Manpower

The number of arts activities has increased from 15,911 in 2003 to 29,286 in 2009 (Chart A-1). The slight decline in the number of arts activities from 30,580 in 2008 to 29,286 in 2009 was due to a fall in the number of visual arts exhibition days as a result of the poorer economic climate.

Chart A-1: Performing and Visual Arts Activities

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total arts activities* 15,911 18,132 19,016 21,495 27,504 30,580 29,286 Performing Arts** Total productions 1,439 1,862 2,279 3,025 2,907 2,921 3,294 Total performances# 4,531 4,945 6,102 6,049 6,819 6,240 7,807 Visual Arts^ Exhibitions 535 532 568 665 832 968 915 Exhibition days^^ 11,380 13,187 12,914 15,446 20,685 24,340 21,479

Source: National Arts Council* Arts activities are measured by number of performances and visual arts exhibition days. ** Performing arts refers to folk, traditional, classical and contemporary forms of dance, music, theatre and other performances. Popular genres of music like pop and rock music are not included. Performances classified under ‘Others’ include acrobatic arts, cultural concerts and multi-disciplinary performances. # Performances refer to the number of shows for each production, including both ticketed and non-ticketed performances. ^ Visual arts refers to public exhibitions of abstract or representional art objects such as painting, sculpture, pottery, ceramics, creative photography, installation art and multi-media art. Applied arts such as film, graphic design, fashion design, jewellery design and handicrafts are excluded.^^ Exhibition days refer to the total number of days over which all exhibitions are held.

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pg07

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In terms of the number of arts performances, total ticketed performances has increased from 2,363 in 2003 to 3,414 in 2009, while total non-ticketed performances has increased from 2,168 in 2003 to 4,393 in 2009. Performances of all genres have also generally increased from 2003 to 2009 (Chart A-2).

Chart A-2: Type of performances

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total performances# 4,531 4,945 6,102 6,049 6,819 6,240 7,807 Music 1,855 1,912 2,073 2,442 2,660 2,141 2,528 Dance 456 710 991 719 908 836 1,096 Theatre 1,819 1,924 2,181 1,976 2,408 2,623 3,163 Others 401 399 857 912 843 640 1,020 Ticketed performances^ 2,363 2,631 2,626 2,858 3,234 3,267 3,414 Non-ticketed 2,168 2,314 3,476 3,191 3,585 2,973 4,393 performances^^

Source: National Arts Council# Performances refer to the number of shows for each production, including both ticketed and non-ticketed performances.^ Performances that require a ticket for entry.^^ Non-ticketed performances refer to performances for which no tickets are issued.

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pg08

The total number of changing exhibits at National Museums has increased from 13 in 2004 to 46 in 2009 (Chart A-3). Some of the popular exhibits in 2009 include An Unbroken Line - The Wu Guanzhong Donation Collection and Baba Bling.

Chart A-3: Museum Activities

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total changing exhibitions 13 17 18 19 39 46 at National Museums*

Asian Civilisations Museum** 5 9 5 3 5 7 Peranakan Museum*** NA NA NA NA 2 2 National Museum of Singapore^ 2 2 7 11 12 17 Singapore Art Museum^^ 6 6 6 5 20 20

Source: National Heritage Board* National museums refer to Asian Civilisations Museum, Peranakan Museum, National Museum of Singapore and Singapore Art Museum.** The Asian Civilisations Museum is located at Empress Street. The Asian Civilisations Museum 1 was located Armenian Street and it was closed for renovation works from 2006 to 2007, for preparation of the Peranakan Museum.*** The Peranakan Museum opened on 25 April 2008.^ Known as Singapore History Museum before 2006.^^ Includes 8Q sam which opened on 15 August 2008.

8,000

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pg09

The number of library activities rose to 6,336 in 2009 after a decline in 2008 to 5,070 from a high of 7,995 in 2007 (Chart A-4).

Chart A-4: Library Activities

2007 2008 2009

Total library activities* 7,995 5,070 6,336

Source: National Library Board* Library activities refer to programmes which include outreach, talks, expressions, performances, workshops, roadshows and assembly talks held at schools and non-school organisations such as community clubs and childcare centres.

9,000,000

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pg10

In terms of library resources, there has been a decline in the total collections in the NLB libraries from 8.6 mil in 2008 to 7.1 mil in 2009 (Chart A-5), arising from a review to retain only titles that are relevant and useful so as to optimise display and storage spaces.

Chart A-5: Library Resources

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total collections* 8,305,962 8,447,251 8,602,815 8,631,171 7,080,277 English 5,100,796 5,203,592 5,278,610 5,289,239 4,498,321 Chinese 1,976,472 1,978,283 1,996,475 1,940,824 1,489,050 Malay 598,549 605,123 631,658 649,184 471,600 Tamil 304,229 296,423 313,005 353,023 283,901 Special Materials 325,915 363,830 383,067 398,901 337,405

Source: National Library Board* Collections refer to the library materials owned by the National Library Board. These include books, serials and special materials.

14,000

12,000

10,000

8,000

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4,000

2,000

16,000N

umbe

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osits

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pg11

The total number of legal deposits in NLB libraries, which reflects the number of books published each year in Singapore, shows a general increasing trend from 9,081 in 2005 to 12,608 in 2009 (Chart A-6).

Chart A-6: Legal Deposits

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total 9,081 8,778 14,490 11,930 12,608 English 6,172 6,594 11,426 9,407 8,814 Chinese 2,525 1,964 2,805 2,026 3,058 Malay 260 114 143 277 316 Tamil 124 106 116 220 244 Others - - - - 176

Source: National Library Board


II. Arts and CulturalOrganisations


pg12

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II. Arts and Cultural Organisations

The arts and cultural sector in Singapore saw a doubling in the number of arts companies from 302 in 2003 to 672 in 2009 (Chart A-7).

Chart A-7: Arts Companies

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total arts companies* 302 321 359 428 477 595 672 Music 24 25 28 35 66 79 84 Dance 15 13 19 21 26 27 28 Theatre 78 86 96 110 107 128 134 Visual Arts 153 158 174 211 212 273 328 Others 32 39 42 51 66 88 98

Source: National Arts Council* Commercial (for-profit) and non-profit companies registered with the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority.

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pg13

The number of arts societies formed has also increased from 247 in 2003 to 332 in 2009 (Chart A-8).

Chart A-8: Arts Societies

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total arts societies** 247 267 288 302 317 327 332 Music 72 81 87 90 99 103 103 Dance 20 20 23 24 26 26 26 Theatre 60 60 61 62 64 68 68 Visual Arts 47 48 50 52 53 54 55 Literary Arts 16 17 19 22 22 23 24 Others 32 41 48 52 53 53 56

Source: National Arts Council** Societies registered with Registry of Societies.

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pg14

The number of museums in Singapore has also increased steadily from 28 in 2004 to 53 in 2009 (Chart A-9). The latest addition to the Museum Roundtable in 2009 is the Singapore Coins and Notes Museum.

Chart A-9: Museums in Roundtable*

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total museums 28 36 44 46 52 53 Defence & community - - - 10 10 10 History - - - 8 10 10 Lifestyle^ - - - 3 5 5 Art - - - 7 7 5 Healthcare - - - 5 5 5 Science & Innovation - - - 5 6 8 Culture - - - 8 9 10

Source: National Heritage Board* The Museum Roundtable was formed in 1996 with the aim of growing the heritage ecosystem by bringing more museums and heritage galleries closer to the public. Chaired by the National Heritage Board, the Roundtable comprises both public and private museums. ^ This category was known as Hobby in 2007. Examples include Mint Museum of Toys and Red Dot Design Museum.

arts and cultural engagement

attendance for arts and cultural events hit a new high of more than

20 million in 2009.

02.ARTS AND CULTURAL ENGAGEMENT

I. Attendance at Arts and Cultural Events


pg16

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A. ARTS AND CULTURAL ENGAGEMENT

This section presents statistics on the different aspects of community engagement and participation in arts and cultural activities, as well as visitorship to museums and libraries.


Total ticketed attendance of performing arts events has increased from 971,600 in 2003 to 1,400,000 in 2009, with performances of all genres generally increasing from 2003 to 2009 (Chart B-1).

Chart B-1: Total Ticketed Attendance at Performing Arts Events

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total ticketed 971,600 1,057,000 1,190,000 1,263,500 1,427,300 1,468,000 1,400,000 attendance*

Music 382,800 455,200 408,100 464,500 531,900 499,100 423,700 Dance 108,200 115,900 126,100 122,100 126,500 144,400 127,800 Theatre 422,300 456,200 522,300 561,000 681,900 773,800 630,700 Others 58,400 29,700 133,400 116,000 87,100 50,700 217,900

Source: National Arts Council* Refers to attendance at performing arts events that require a ticketed for entry. Includes tickets sold and complimentary ticketed issued. Total ticketed attendance per year might not add up as ticketed attendance for each art form was rounded off to the nearest hundred.




pg17

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Total tickets sold for performing arts events increased from 652,400 in 2004 to 820,200 in 2009. Correspondingly, total gross takings increased from $32.79mil in 2004 to $42.58mil in 2009 (Chart B-2).

Chart B-2: Ticket Sales for Performing Arts Events

2004 2007 2008 2009

Total tickets sold 652,400 775,200 675,200 820,200 Total Gross Takings* 32.79 48.16 37.54 42.58 ($mil)

Source: National Arts Council* 2004 figures reflect ticketed sold through SISTIC only. 2007 figures reflect tickets sold through SISTIC and Gatecrash. Gatecrash was established in 2005. The figures do not include tickets sold through Ticketcharge/Tickets.com and other site-specific or independent ticketing service providers. Total ticketed attendance per year might not add up as ticketed attendance for each art form was rounded off to the nearest hundred.




pg18

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Total non-ticketed attendances increased from 10,907,183 in 2006 to 19,055,616 in 2009 (Chart B-3). Some of the larger non-ticketed events included the Singapore HeritageFest (attendance 2,000,000) and the Singapore Art Festival (attendance: 754,000) in 2009.

Chart B-3: Non-ticketed Attendance at Arts and Cultural Events

2006 2007 2008 2009

Total non-ticketed 10,907,183 14,267,865 15,247,825 19,055,616 attendance*

Arts Events** 2,537,400 2,761,100 2,511,600 2,748,200 Heritage Events *** 2,929,700 4,355,900 6,311,400 7,058,175 Library Events **** 5,440,083 7,150,865 6,424,825 9,249,241

Source: National Arts Council, National Heritage Board and National Library Board* Refers to attendance at outreach events organised and supported by the National Arts Council, Esplanade, National Heritage Board and the National Library Board. These events do not require a ticket for entry.** Refers to attendances at outreach events organised and supported by the National Arts Council and Esplanade.*** Refers to attendances at outreach events organised by the National Heritage Board. These events include Museum Outreach and Singapore HeritageFest.**** Refers to attendances at outreach events organised by the National Library Board.


II. MuseumVisitorship


pg19

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II. Museum Visitorship

Total visitorship to all museums in Singapore has more than tripled from 1.98mil in 2003 to 6.65mil in 2009 (Chart B-4).

Chart B-4: Total Visitorship to All Museums

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total visitorship* 1,978,976 2,134,119 2,712,117 4,262,671 5,207,340 6,584,327 6,648,461

Source: National Heritage Board* Total visitorship includes visitorship to National Museums and non - National Heritage Board museums.


II. MuseumVisitorship


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Similarly, visitorship to national museums has more than tripled from 707,136 in 2004 to 2,611,547 in 2009 (Chart B-5).

Chart B-5: Total Visitorship to National Museums^

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total visitorship 707,136 833,380 1,134,495 1,677,652 2,404,782 2,611,547 Asian Civilisations 240,821 450,361 537,089 614,398 683,652 739,026 Museum Peranakan Museum^^ NA NA NA NA 244,444 270,827 National Museum 87,686 84,644 292,903 753,771 811,427 858,047 of Singapore Singapore Art 378,629 298,375 304,503 309,483 665,259 743,647 Museum^^^

Source: National Heritage Board^ National museums refer to Asian Civilisations Museum, Peranakan Museum, National Museum of Singapore and Singapore Art Museum.^^ The Peranankan Museum opened on 25 April 2008.^^^ Includes 8Q sam which opened on 15 August 2008.


III. Library Visitorshipand Services


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III. Library Visitorship and Services

Physical visitorship to the libraries has risen from 31.2mil in 2003 to 38.7mil in 2009 (Chart B-6). The number of library loans has increased from 27.5mil in 2003 to 31.5mil in 2009 while loans per capita has fluctuated between 5.7 and 6.7 from 2003 to 2009.

Chart B-6: Physical Visitorship and Library Loans

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Physical Visitorship* 31.2 30.5 31.7 36.2 38.2 37.1 38.7 (millions) Library Loans ** 27.5 26.3 27.7 28.6 28.8 27.8 31.5 (millions) Loans per capita 6.7 6.3 6.5 6.5 6.3 5.7 6.3

Source: National Library Board* Reflects visitorship to national and public libraries. Includes Lee Kong Chian Reference Library which opened in 2005.** Refers to loans at public libraries.

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III. Library Visitorshipand Services


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E-retrievals rose from 26.7mil in 2008 to 44.6mil in 2009, while digital visitorship increased from 5.75mil in 2008 to 5.82mil in 2009 (Chart B-7).

Chart B-7: E-retrievals and Digital Visitorship

2008 2009

E-retrievals* (mil) 26.7 44.6 Digital Visitorship** (mil) 5.75 5.82 Source: National Library Board * Refers to retrievals of electronic resources in the digital library which include subscribed databases and e-books. ** Digital visitorship for 2008 measures the unique logons to the National Library Board websites. From 2009, it measures number of visits to NLB websites with a time span of at least 30 minutes.

SPECIAL FEATUREBY NATIONAL ARTSCOUNCIL

Overview of the VisualArts Sector for the period 2005-2009


pg23

INTRODUCTION

1. The visual arts scene has made tremendous strides since the Advisory Council on Culture and the Arts (ACCA) was initiated some twenty years ago. The intervening years have seen the establishment of major public museums such as the Asian Civilisations Museum and the Singapore Art Museum, a growing number of private art museums, the launch of the Singapore Biennale in 2006, and the establishment of world class facilities such as the Singapore Tyler Print Institute. In addition, Singapore artists have started to make headway at international art platforms such as the Venice Biennale. 2. Today, Singapore is considered the hub for art collectors and auction houses in the Southeast Asian region. In recent years, the outlook for the Visual Art industry in Singapore has been encouraging, particularly in the commercial contemporary sector. The emerging yet thriving visual arts market has been given a boost with the entry of commercial galleries including Valentine Willie Fine Arts and Osage Singapore. New art fairs setting up in Singapore, such as Art Stage Singapore and The Affordable Art Fair, are also anticipated to complement the established ArtSingapore and to radically alter Singapore’s position as a key art trading hub for Southeast Asia and beyond. The visual arts trade will also be well supported by the newly launched Singapore Freeport, a state of the art, fine art and valuables storage facility.

3. While these developments will draw attention to Singapore as a competitive market place for visual art, they should also be seen in the larger context of Singapore’s visual arts landscape where there has been increased efforts to grow the interest in and appreciation for art as well as the developmental platforms for artists and art-making. For example, the recently announced visual art cluster, Gilman Village along Singapore’s southern waterfront, will support not only the activities of commercial galleries but will create opportunities for artist residencies and presentations. The National Art Gallery at City Hall and the former Supreme Court Building is slated to open in 2013, and will bring greater focus on the display, promotion, research and study of Southeast Asian art, including Singapore art.

4. This overview of the visual arts sector from 2005-09 will include statistics2 on:

(i) Visual Arts Sector by Operating Receipts, Companies and Societies (ii) Number of Visual Arts Exhibitions and Exhibition Days (iii) Attendances for Visual Arts Exhibitions (iv) Visual Arts Exhibitions by Art Forms (v) Organisers of Visual Arts Exhibitions (vi) Visual Arts Exhibition Venues

2 All figures are based on Calendar Year

SPECIAL FEATURE BY NATIONAL ARTS COUNCIL

Overview of the Visual Arts Sector for the period 2005-2009


pg24

(i) Visual Arts Sector by Operating Receipts, Companies and Societies

5. Today, the operating receipts of all companies involved in the production and distribution of the visual arts and visual arts-related products generated an average of S$ 3,063 Million in operating receipts throughout the period of 2005 – 2008. While the production and distribution of fine arts, crafts and collectibles accounts for only 10-18% of the total receipts from 2005-08, this has been growing steadily over the years at approximately S$ 60 million per annum (Figure 1). This positive trend can also be seen in the development of art sales at an art fair such as ARTSingapore, an annual contemporary art fair featuring art works from the region. According to figures released by organisers of the fair, sales at ARTSingapore grew from S$ 3 million in 2005 to peak at S$ 10 Million in 2007 and 2008 (Figure 2). Its fall in 2009 is reflective of the economic downturn and is consistent with global trends where the performance of visual art markets has been sensitive to the overall economic climate. Given the economic recovery, ArtReach Ltd, organiser of the 2010 edition of ARTSingapore is “targeting sales of S$ 6 Million” for the year3.

Figure 1: Visual Arts Sector Operating Receipts

2005 2006 2007 2008

Visual Arts total 2,980,670 3,012,655 3,483,233 2,776,747 operating receipts (S$’000)

Fine Art, Crafts & Collectibles (S$’000) Photography (S$’000)

Source: Department of Statistics* 2008 figures are preliminary figures. 2009 figures are currently not available.

3 ARTSingapore 2010 Press Release, 27th April 2010, “ARTSingapore Celebrates 10 years of Contemporary Asian Art”

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pg25

Figure 2: ARTSingapore Total Sales Turnover

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Source: Press releases at ARTSingapore website, http://www.artsingapore.net/

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6. There have also been an increasing number of visual arts organisations from 2005 to 2009. This is driven primarily by growth in the number of registered visual arts companies versus the number of visual arts societies. The number of registered visual arts companies climbed steadily to 328 in 2009, a 20% increase from the previous year (Figure 3). A large number of the new registered visual arts companies were contemporary art galleries or galleries featuring antiques and other fine art collectibles.

Figure 3*: Number of Visual Art Companies and Societies

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Number of Visual Arts Companies Number of Visual Arts Societies Total Number of Arts Organisations

Source: National Arts Council

* Data from 2005-2008 has been revised following updates to our data series_ Commercial (for-profit) and non-profit companies registered with the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority._ Societies registered with the Registry of Societies.




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5000568 665 832 968 915

21,47924,340

20,685

15,446

12,914

(ii) Number of Visual Arts Exhibitions and Exhibition Days

7. With the growth in the number of arts companies (Figure 3), visual arts exhibitions also increased steadily from 2005-2009. While there was a slight dip of about 5% in 2009, reflecting the poor economic climate in 2009, this was still an almost 10% increase over that of 2007 (Figure 4). This pattern of growth in the number of exhibitions suggests that the level of activity is sustainable and not one-off.

8. Mirroring the trend in number of exhibitions, the number of exhibition days also increased steadily from 2005, with a dip in 2009. Notwithstanding this, the average length of each exhibition has remained largely constant from 22-25 days per show over 2005-09.(Ref: Figure 4).

Figure 4*: Visual Art^ Exhibitions and Exhibition Days^^

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total Exhibitions Total no. of Exhibition Days


* Data from 2005-2008 has been revised following updates to our data series^ Visual arts refers to public exhibitions of abstract or representional art objects such as painting, sculpture, pottery, ceramics, creative photography, installation art and multi-media art. Applied arts such as film, graphic design, fashion design, jewellery design and handicrafts are excluded^^ Exhibition days refer to the total number of days over which all exhibitions are held.




pg28

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298,375 304,503 309,483

665,259

743,647

(iii) Attendances for Visual Arts Events

9. The 2009 Population Survey indicated that 1 in 4 of Singapore residents had attended at least 1 visual arts event/activity in the year. The Population Survey findings indicated that art fairs and exhibitions featuring paintings and drawings were the two most popular visual arts event/activity in 2009, with 50% of visual arts goers stating that they had frequented the former and 46% the latter.

10. As an indication of a growing broad-based interest in the visual arts, visitorship to the Singapore Art Museum (SAM) doubled in 2008 to approx 0.67 Million (Figure 5). Interestingly, this increase coincides with the opening of 8Q SAM, the contemporary wing of the Museum in August 2008. With a greater number of public platforms promoting the visual arts in the years ahead, including the Singapore Biennale in 2011 and the opening of the National Art Gallery, we can expect public interest and appreciation for the visual arts to grow.

Figure 5: Visitorship to the Singapore Art Museum

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Visitorship to the Singapore Art Museum

Source: National Heritage Board

^ 8Q sam was officially opened from 15th August 2008




pg29

1200

1000

800

0

600

400

200332

77

9162

6

166

331

1005612

157

464

107

7628

161

546

110

7972

217

411

140

12126

(iv) Visual Arts Exhibitions by Arts Form 11. In line with the popularity of exhibitions featuring paintings and drawings among Singapore residents (see Para. 9), such exhibitions also accounted for the majority of visual arts exhibitions that took place in 2005- 09. In fact, drawing and painting exhibitions accounted for approximately 50 – 60% of all art exhibitions (Table 1).

12. That said, exhibitions featuring photography, three-dimensional works (e.g. sculptural and ceramics works) or even installations and multi-disciplinary forms have been gaining greater presence over the years. For instance, the number of exhibitions centered on three-dimensional works almost doubled from 62 in 2005 to 121 in 2009 (Figure 6). Although it grew at a less aggressive rate, the number of photographic exhibitions also increased yearly from 2005, overtaking even the number of exhibitions of three-dimensional works. In addition, there has been an increasing number of “multi-disciplinary” (others) visual art exhibitions that incorporate a range of art genres and rely on themes and experimental collaborations amongst different artists. These shows are often initiated or led by curators. They now make up 24% of total art exhibitions compared to 14% in 2005.

Figure 6*: Growth in number of Visual Art Exhibition by Art Forms

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

New Media 3-D Arts Photography Drawing & Painting Others


* Data from 2005-2008 has been revised following updates to our data series




pg30

Table 1- % Exhibitions by Art Forms

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

No. of % No. of % No. of % No. of % No. of % Exhibitions Exhibitions Exhibitions Exhibitions Exhibitions

2 – Dimensional

Drawing 332 58% 331 50% 464 56% 546 56% 411 45% & Painting Photography 91 16% 100 15% 107 13% 110 11% 140 15%

3 – Dimensional

3-D Arts 62 11% 56 8% 76 9% 79 8% 121 13% (Pottery, Sculpture & Ceramics) New Media 6 1% 12 2% 28 3% 72 7% 26 3% (Includes Cyber art, Installation Art & Assemblage) Others 77 14% 166 25% 157 19% 161 17% 217 24% Total 568 100% 665 100% 832 100% 968 100% 915 100% Exhibitions





pg31

(v) Organisers of Visual Arts Exhibitions

13. Although government agencies were responsible for approximately 15 – 20% of all art exhibitions during 2005 – 2009, the visual arts sector remained largely driven by the private sector. Approximately 40% of all art exhibitions were organised by arts groups and commercial galleries. (Table 2). The sensitivity of the visual arts market to the overall economic climate can be seen in the higher level of activity among commercial galleries in 2007 and 2008, where 23% and 26% of all exhibitions respectively were organised by commercial galleries, versus 17% in 2009 amidst the economic downturn.

14. 2005-09 also saw a trend of growing involvement of organisations and companies whose primary activity or business is not in the visual arts, but saw value in their support for and investment in visual arts presentations. Efforts by the people sector, referring to exhibitions put up by schools, community venues and organisations, accounted for 11-17% of all exhibitions throughout this period and remained stable. However, the number of exhibitions led by clan associations, cultural institutes, hotels, shopping malls and corporations more than doubled from 145 to 344 in the same period, accounting for 26-38% of all exhibitions.

Table 2- Number of Exhibitions organised by different Organisers

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009


Visual 100 18% 133 20% 143 17% 168 17% 170 19% Art Groups^

Commercial 128 23% 123 18% 191 23% 252 26% 153 17% galleries

Government 104 18% 119 18% 144 17% 175 18% 129 14% agencies^^

PA, CDCs 54 10% 59 9% 47 6% 85 9% 55 6% and CCs

Schools/ 37 7% 43 6% 44 5% 51 5% 64 7% Educational institutions

Others^^^ 145 26% 188 28% 263 32% 237 24% 344 38%

Total Number 568 665 832 968 915 of Exhibitions


^ Includes visual arts societies / companies, e.g. Plastique Kinetic Worms, Federation of Art Societies, and visual arts centres, e.g. the Substation, Sculpture Square, Selegie Arts Centre, Chinese Calligraphy Centre, etc.^^ Includes NAC, NHB, Esplanade and other government agencies^^^ Includes cultural institutes, clan associations, individual organisers, hotels, shopping malls and other commercially run companies.




pg32

(vi) Visual Art Exhibition Venues

15. Unsurprisingly, commercial galleries remained the venue of choice for visual arts exhibitions (Table 3). 35 – 40% of all exhibitions between 2005 and 2009 were held at commercial galleries. The number of visual arts exhibitions that took place at museums also grew from 16 to 74 exhibitions or 3% to 8% of all exhibitions in the same period. This is reflective of the growing vibrancy of our museum landscape. In addition to private museums, the Singapore Art Museum opened its extension building 8Q at SAM in 2008 while the National Museum of Singapore re-opened with new gallery facilities in 2006.

16. However, visual artists and organisers of visual arts exhibitions are increasingly experimenting with alternative spaces. To this end, the number of exhibitions held at other venues like shopping malls peaked at 22% of all exhibitions in 2009. And while venues like parks and other outdoor spaces are least used for visual arts exhibitions, they have attracted growing interest from visual arts exhibition organisers in recent years.

Table 3- Number of Exhibitions organised by different Venues

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009


Commercial Galleries 205 36% 207 31% 300 36% 365 38% 318 35%

Arts Housing˜ 62 11% 79 12% 70 8% 72 7% 69 8%

Community Centre 48 8% 46 7% 41 5% 67 7% 37 4%

Government Buildings˜˜ 83 15% 120 18% 150 18% 163 17% 137 15%

Cultural Institution Buildings ˜˜˜ 34 6% 25 4% 23 3% 30 3% 24 3%

Museum 16 3% 21 3% 33 4% 46 5% 74 8% Schools 52 9% 38 6% 54 6% 65 7% 31 3%

Park/Outdoor Space˜˜˜˜ 2 0% 9 1% 9 1% 11 1% 23 3%

Others 66 12% 120 18% 152 18% 149 15% 202 22% Grand Total 568 665 832 968 915


˜Includes spaces under NAC’s Arts Housing, e.g. Sculpture Square, Singapore Chinese Calligraphy Centre, Telok Kurau Studios, Selegie Arts Centre, Plastique Kinetic Worms, etc.˜˜ Includes spaces within government buildings, e.g. ARTrium@MICA and Esplanade.˜˜˜Includes spaces within cultural institution buildings such as Goethe Institute and Alliance Francaise.˜˜˜˜Includes galleries and atrium spaces in shopping malls and other venues, e.g. Paragon, Raffles City Shopping Centre, etc.

aRTS EDUCaTION aND PaRTICIPaTION IN SCHOOLS

Number of students enrolled in tertiary arts courses has

increased by 83% since 2004.

3,500

3,000

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

0

Enr

olm

ent

03.ARTS EDUCATION AND PARTICIPATIONIN SCHOOLS

I. Tertiary Arts Education


pg34

C. ARTS EDUCATION AND PARTICIPATION IN SCHOOLS

This section presents statistics on student enrolment in arts education programmes as well as students’ participation in arts activities.


Total enrolment in full-time tertiary arts courses has increased steadily from 1,860 in 2004 to 3,407 in 2009 (Chart C-1 and Table C-1).

Chart C-1: Full-time Enrolment in Tertiary Arts Courses

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total Enrolment 1,860 2,157 2,631 3,086 3,173 3,407 Enrolment in diploma 817 999 1,379 1,784 1,851 2,029 arts courses*

Enrolment in under- 970 1,092 1,154 1,189 1,180 1,177 graduate arts courses Enrolment in post- 73 66 98 113 142 201 graduate arts courses

Source: National Arts Council* Includes students in graduate diploma arts courses




pg35

Table C-1: Full-time Enrolment in Tertiary Arts Courses

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total Enrolment 1,860 2,157 2,631 3,086 3,173 3,407 Enrolment in diploma 817 999 1,379 1,784 1,851 2,029 arts courses* Music 217 248 402 500 499 533 Dance 113 99 82 83 68 84 Theatre 141 124 137 133 115 131 Visual Arts 135 147 119 211 284 312 Multi-disciplinary 0 124 277 389 371 431 Arts Administration 107 136 197 292 350 381 Arts Education 104 121 165 176 164 157 Enrolment in under- 970 1,092 1,154 1,189 1,180 1,177 graduate arts courses Music 133 172 206 219 234 243 Dance 0 4 0 7 4 5 Theatre 237 284 316 337 318 309 Visual Arts 23 25 45 62 92 112 English Literature 562 591 555 536 505 468 Multi-disciplinary 3 6 4 2 0 0 Arts Administration 12 10 28 26 27 40 Enrolment in post- 73 66 98 113 142 201 graduate arts courses Visual Arts 6 13 9 13 9 11 English Literature 67 51 59 64 91 142 Arts Administration 0 0 7 6 9 12 Others 0 2 23 30 33 36

Source: National Arts Council*Includes students in graduate diploma arts courses


II. Pre-tertiary Arts Education


pg36

II. Pre-tertiary Arts Education

The enrolment of the School of the Arts rose from 239 in 2008 to 386 in 2009 (Table C-2).

Table C-2: Enrolment in School of the Arts

2008 2009 Total no. of students* enrolled 239 386

Source: School of the Arts, Singapore* School of the Arts opened in January 2008.


III. Arts-related Co-curricular Activities


pg37

130,000

110,000

90,000

70,000

50,000

30,000

10,000

0

Num

ber

of s

tude

nts

invo

lved

in

Art

s-re

late

d C

CA

s

150,000

III. Arts-related Co-curricular Activities (CCA)

The number of students involved in art-related CCAs increased from 124,095 in 2008 to 135,559 in 2009 (Chart C-2 and Table C-3).

Chart C-2: Students in Arts-related Co-curricular Activities

2007 2008 2009

Total No. of students* 132,583 124,095 135,559 Music 70,154 68,217 75,224 Dance 33,542 30,508 32,365 Theatre 11,154 8,999 11,139 Visual Arts 17,733 16,371 16,831

Source: Ministry of Education* Comprises of students from primary and secondary schools, junior colleges and centralised institutes.


III. Arts-related Co-curricular Activities


pg38

Table C-3: Students in Arts-related Co-curricular Activities

2007 2008 2009 Total no. of students* 132,583 124,095 135,559 Music 70,154 68,217 75,224 Military / Brass band 22,650 22,396 23,115 Chinese Orchestra 11,970 11,040 13,677 Choir / Xin Yao 19,389 18,020 20,008 Instrumental groups 16,145 16,761 18,424 Dance 33,542 30,508 32,365 Theatre 11,154 8,999 11,139 Visual Arts 17,733 16,371 16,831 Art & Craft 16,139 14,873 14,741 Calligraphy 1,594 1,498 2,090

Source: Ministry of Education*Comprises of students from primary and secondary schools, junior colleges and centralised institutes

financial support for arts and culture

despite the economic recession in 2009,

financial support for arts and culture has increased.

04.FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR ARTS AND CULTURE

I. Arts and Cultural Philanthrophy


pg40

120.0

100.0

80.0

60.0

40.0

20.0

0

Con

trib

utio

n ($

mil)

D. FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR ARTS AND CULTURE

This section presents statistics on the private and public financial resources available to the arts and cultural sector.

I. Arts and Cultural Philanthropy

Contributions to Arts and Culture increased from $29.5mil in 2004 to $107.1mil in 2009 (Chart D-1). The sharp increase in artefact donations in 2009 is due to a donation of 113 works from China artist Wu Guanzhong with an appraised value of $73.8mil.

Chart D-1: Contributions to Arts and Culture

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total contributions* 77.7 29.5 52.8 46.0 47.9 92.3 107.1 (S$mil) Cash & in-kind 51.2 27.1 51.2 44.2 45.3 70.9 31.5 donations and sponsorship (S$mil) Artefact Donations 26.5 2.4 1.6 1.8 2.5 21.4 75.6 (S$mil)

Source: National Arts Council, National Heritage Board and National Library Board* Includes cash and in-kind sponsorship and donations as well as artefact donations to arts, heritage and libraries.

03.FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR ARTS AND CULTURE

II. Government Funding for Artsand Culture


pg41

300.0

250.0

200.0

150.0

100.0

50.0

0

Gov

ernm

ent F

undi

ng

350.0

400.0

II. Government Funding for Arts and Culture

Government funding for arts and culture has increased steadily from $230.2mil in 2005 to $355.2mil in 2009 (Chart D-2).

Chart D-2: Government Funding

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Total Government Funding ($mil)* 230.2 260.2 284.4 339.6 355.2

Arts** 55.1 60.8 67.8 110.3 98.9 Heritage^ 47.1 58.6 69.0 79.8 94.2 Library^^ 128.0 140.8 147.6 149.5 162.1

Source: Ministry of Information, Communications and the Arts.* Reflects recurrent funding only. ** Reflects recurrent funding of National Arts Council, The Esplanade Co. Ltd and School of the Arts.^ Reflects recurrent funding of National Heritage Board and Preservation of Monuments Board. ^^ Reflects recurrent funding of National Library Board.All figures are based on Financial Year.

economic contribution of

the arts and cultural sector

the arts and cultural sector employs more than 22,000

people and contributes more than $1.1bil worth of

Value-added to the economy.

05.ECONOMIC CONTRIUTION OF THE ARTS AND CULTURAL SECTOR



pg44

25,000

20,000

15,000

10,000

5,000

0

Em

ploy

men

t

D. ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF THE ARTS AND CULTURAL SECTOR

This section provides statistics on the contribution of the arts and cultural sector4 to Singapore’s economy.


Employment in the arts and cultural sector has increased from 20,677 in 2003 to 22,268 in 2008 (Chart E-1). In particular, the number of people working in the Cultural Heritage subsector, which includes people working in museums, art galleries, cultural villages, clubs and societies, has more than doubled from 956 in 2003 to 2,025 in 2008.

Chart E-1: Total Employment

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Total Employment 20,677 20,335 21,154 20,911 21,107 22,268 Visual Arts 9,536 8,222 8,376 8,461 7,863 8,576 Fine Art, Crafts & Collectibles 3,139 3,310 2,940 3,017 3,194 3,928 Photography 6,058 4,912 5,436 5,444 4,669 4,648 Performing Arts 4,323 4,519 4,816 4,819 4,782 4,843 Live Performing Arts 2,573 2,779 2,956 3,049 2,872 3,104 Recorded Music 1,750 1,740 1,860 1,770 1,910 1,739 Book Publishing and Sales 6,200 6,599 6,948 6,170 6,631 6,824 Cultural Heritage 956 995 1,014 1,461 1,831 2,025 Museums, Galleries and 428 467 480 568 567 710 Heritage Other Cultural Activities 528 528 534 893 1,264 1,315

Source: Department of Statistics * 2008 figures are preliminary4 Data is based on the Cluster Definition for Arts and Culture provided in Annex


II. Economic Value of the Arts and Cultural Sector


pg45

0

1,000,000

800,000

600,000

400,000

200,000

Valu

e-A

dded

1,200,000


Total nominal value-added of the arts and cultural sector has also increased steadily from $818mil in 2003 to $1.1bil in 2008 (Chart E-2).

Chart E-2: Total Nominal Value-added

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Total value added 818,053 890,692 945,431 973,971 1,119,607 1,129,960 ($’000) Visual Arts 221,511 359,855 372,792 403,720 489,416 470,663 Fine Art, Crafts & 57,698 59,264 71,997 89,298 88,419 116,678 Collectibles Photography 282,595 300,591 300,795 314,422 400,997 353,985 Performing Arts 145,122 148,268 145,967 151,423 167,110 170,516 Live Performing Arts 66,091 73,793 79,454 80,657 94,677 89,142 Recorded Music 79,031 74,475 66,513 70,766 72,433 81,374 Book Publishing 276,488 320,766 362,130 336,734 369,811 389,178 and Sales Cultural Heritage 56,149 61,803 64,542 82,094 93,270 99,603 Museums, Galleries 37,927 42,111 41,322 55,535 59,358 62,433 and Heritage Other Cultural 18,222 19,692 23,220 26,559 33,912 37,170 Activities

Source: Department of Statistics * 2008 figures are preliminary




pg46

5,000,000

4,000,000

3,000,000

2,000,000

1,000,000

0

Ope

ratin

g R

ecei

pts

$(‘0

00)

Total operating receipts for the arts and cultural sectors has also increased steadily from $4.57bil in 2003 to $5.98bil in 2007 but declined to $5.31bil in 2008 (Chart E-3).

Chart E-3: Total Operating Receipts

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Total operating receipts (S’000) 4,570,036 4,986,046 5,263,680 5,221,248 5,981,676 5,314,759 Visual Arts 2,610,801 2,831,686 2,980,670 3,012,655 3,483,233 2,776,747 Fine Art, Crafts & Collectibles 292,077 303,284 315,480 382,567 441,732 504,285 Photography 2,318,724 2,528,402 2,665,190 2,630,088 3,041,501 2,272,462 Performing Arts 556,994 614,491 597,206 662,717 712,090 676,518 Live Performing Arts 146,077 169,600 164,718 168,527 200,595 197,328 Recorded Music 410,917 444,891 432,488 494,190 511,495 479,190 Book Publishing and Sales 1,372,327 1,503,254 1,642,811 1,498,719 1,722,724 1,788,033 Cultural Heritage 98,046 36,615 42,993 47,157 63,629 73,461 Museums, Galleries and 6,054 12,756 14,405 17,612 25,846 36,664 Heritage Other Cultural Activities 91,992 23,859 28,588 29,545 37,783 36,797

Source: Department of Statistics * 2008 figures are preliminary

6,000,000

ANNEX


pg47

ANNEX – ARTS AND CULTURAL CLUSTER DEFINITION

Singapore Standard Industry DescriptionClassification Code 2005

Visual Arts

FineArt,Crafts&Collectibles50351 Wholesale of antiques, works of art, handicrafts, collectibles and gifts51461 Retail sale of antiques, works of art, handicrafts, collectibles and gifts

Photography50391 Wholesale of optical and photographic equipment and supplies51482 Retail sale of cameras and other photographic goods76211 Photo finishing services76219 Photographic activities

Performing Arts

LivePerformingArts78993 Agents for artistes, athletes, models and other performers80402 Music and dancing schools90101 Theatrical producers except motion picture90102 Theatres and concert halls90103 Operas, wayang and puppet shows90104 Orchestras and dance bands90109 Dramatic arts, music and other arts activities(scenery, lighting, stage makeup and other equipment services)

RecordedMusic50342 Wholesale of musical instruments and scores50343 Wholesale of record albums, cassette tapes, laser discs and compact discs (including VCDs, DVDs)51452 Retail sale of musical instruments and scores51453 Retail sale of record albums, cassette tapes, laser discs and compact discs (including VCDs, DVDs)61300 Sound recording production and distribution

ANNEX


pg48

ANNEX – ARTS AND CULTURAL CLUSTER DEFINITION

Singapore Standard Industry DescriptionClassification Code 2005

Book Publishing & Sales

BookPublishing&Sales50374 Wholesale of books and magazines51483 Retail sale of books, magazines and stationery (including newsvendors)60011 Publishing of books, brochures, musical books and other publications

Cultural Heritage

Museums,Galleries&Heritage90211 Museums90212 Art galleries90219 Museums activities and preservation of historical sites and buildings

OtherCulturalActivities90291 Cultural village90299 Other cultural activities91992 Clubs and societies (including scouts/girl guides associations, book clubs and photo, music, art and craft clubs)

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