single window: interoperability, data sharing and digital trade · 2019. 1. 14. · •un/cefact...
TRANSCRIPT
Sue Probert
Chair, UN/CEFACT
UNECE – UN/CEFACT
10 December 2018
Single Window:
Interoperability, data sharing
and digital trade
Data sharing methods
Single Window – Border Challenges
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Trade Insurance
Transport Materials Management
Customs
Other Cross-Border Agencies
UN/CEFACT Buy/Ship/Pay
Payment
WCO Data Model
B2B
G2G
G2B B2G
UN/CEFACT eCert SPS
UN/CEFACT
Traditional standards still necessary
• Semantics and predefined code lists are still very important in eCommerce transactions
• The transaction may start on a platform, but will almost always trigger automated transactions which require traditional e-business standards
• Further standards are still required. Proof is in recently developed standards such as
• eCMR
• VERMAS
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Key Problems challenges by the
Private Sector when executing
international transactions
• Too many legal requirements still mandating use of paper documents
• Modal specific international transport conventions in an increasingly intermodal or synchromodal transport & logistics world
• Multiple regulatory requirements with unharmonised data definitions and exchange protocols
• Legal goods held back at borders or en route by Customs, Port Health or other cross-border agency due to:
• Unavailability of accurate data at inspection point
• Lack of pre-arrival accurate targetting information
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Pipeline Data Exchange Standard
Project
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• Supply Chain data extracts sent to regulatory agencies at key time points • Standardised overall data exchange structure • Quality data from the original source at earliest time • Regulatory and supply chain visibility benefits
UN/CEFACT and Data Pipeline
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• Data Pipeline • Results from three EU projects (Cassandra, CORE &
SELIS).
• Innovative methodology to recuperate data at the source and thus improve data quality.
Order Order
Payment
LC document
Insurance House BL
Reservation Freight
Payment
Packing list
Transport contract
Packing list
Master BL
Insurance
Reservation
Transport contract
Export Decl.
I.C.S. Decl.
Import Decl.
Regulation
s Country
A
Regulations
Country B
Exporter Freight Forwarders
(Export)
International Transporter
Importer Freight Forwarders (Import)
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UN/CEFACT Pipeline Data
Exchange Standard
(PDES)
Master Bill Information
House Bill Information
House Consignment Item Information
Trade-Related Transaction Info
Trade Item Information
Master Consignment Item Info
Declaration Information
• Declaration related information provided will depend which subset of pipeline data being sent to customs or other cross-border agency.
• The data provided may be interpreted differently depending on who is providing the declaration, for what reason and at what time (waypoint); therefore, it cannot be considered constant throughout a ‘data-pipeline’
Border Transport Means
Shipment (Trade) and
Consigment (Transport) Views
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EU UCC Procedures (42) Exit summary declarations A (3) Export declarations B (4) Export simplified declarations C (2) Transit D (3) emanifest and customs status E (2) E
Entry summary declarations F (15) Entry "pentalogy« G (5) Import declarations H (6) Import simplified declarations I (2)
EUCDM
Shipment View
Consignment View
UN/CEFACT Pipeline Data Exchange
Standard (PDES)
Good news: • Fully aligned with the WCO Data Model and its
regional subset EUCDM
• Developed in tandem via EU CORE and EU SELIS Commission supported projects
• UN/CEFACT PDES Project status – under development and Public Review stage expected to be launched Spring 2019
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UN/CEFACT Cross Industry Invoice
(CII)
• Maximum data-set invoice which covers • multiple sectors and
• multiple types of commodities
• Part of a group of messages called the “Cross-Industry family of deliverables.”
• Based on Core Component Library (CCL) • Semantic base definitions compatible with all other
UN/CEFACT deliverables
• And compatible with other organizations that are compliant with CCL: WCO, IATA, GS1…
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UN/CEFACT Cross Industry Invoice
(CII)
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SEMANTIC MODEL Supply Chain (BUY PAY)
(subset of BSP)
Supply Chain (BUY PAY) Master message structure
Invoice message model
Syntax XML Invoice schema
BUY SHIP PAY (BSP) Semantic model subset of UN/CCL
BUY SHIP PAY Master message structure
BUY PAY Exchange Syntax-neutral business data exchange structure
CII – one of the European Invoice Mandatory Syntax Implementations
Part of
Part of
Blockchain opportunities
• Blockchain has the potential to deliver significant improvements to trade and electronic business transactions because :
• Immutable and verifiable transactions recorded in a blockchain can allow the elimination of paper in areas where today it is still required;
• Automated (and immediate) reconciliation algorithms can facilitate faster payments
• The tracing of digital assets through 100s or 1000s of transactions can support the tracking of sensitive goods and digital rights (for example IPR)
• Immutable “original” electronic certificates, licenses and declarations can be linked with goods through digital twins in order to facilitate regulatory procedures.
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Blockchain challenges
• Cannot reasonably expect that all exchanges in a single operation be centralized on a same blockchain
• Issues of interoperability on several levels • Semantics
• Syntax
• Trustworthiness
• Scalability
• Cost of implementation
• May create a barrier • For developing/transitioning economies
• For MSMEs
• May force investment in non-core aspects of an economic operator’s business
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Blockchain – when to use
14 Source: US Dept. of Homeland Security, author unknown, Sebastien Meunier, published on Medium, https://medium.com/@sbmeunier/when-do-you-need-blockchain-decision-models-a5c40e7c9ba1
UN/CEFACT & Blockchain
Two white papers
• First explaining the functioning of blockchain, how it relates to UN/CEFACT standards and what new standards may be necessary
• http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/cefact/GuidanceMaterials/WhitePaperBlockchain.pdf
• Second developing use cases
• Main conclusions: • Importance of semantics
• Possibilities of inter-ledger communications
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What impact on the UN/CEFACT CII?
• Semantics are key. • UN/CEFACT-CII is already based on clear
semantics which are interoperable with other processes and standards
• Collaboration is important • UN/CEFACT-CII is now established as a sub-set
of the Supply Chain Reference Data Model (SCRDM), so adaptable for either a document-centric exchange of information or a process-driven exchange of information (exchange of snippets)
• This is essential for the application of the standard to blockchain collaborative environments
• Ready for changes if necessary • But for the moment, no new needs have been
identified; everything is covered in the current model. 16
More information on UN/CEFACT
All UNECE and UN/CEFACT Recommendations, codes, standards and publications are available for free on our website at:
• www.unece.org/
• www.unece.org/trade
• www.unece.org/cefact/
• tfig.unece.org
Email: [email protected]
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Upcoming events of UN/CEFACT
• Team of Specialist of Sustainable Fisheries • 31 Jan.-1 Feb. 2019, Geneva, Switzerland
• UN/CEFACT 33rd Forum • 1-5 April 2019, Geneva, Switzerland
• UN/CEFACT 24th Plenary • 7-8 April 2019, Geneva, Switzerland
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