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Page 1: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

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Page 2: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

• Васильев Кирилл

• Санкт-Петербург

• Курсы MikroTik

• Поддержка

2

Page 3: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Helper в RouterOS

Page 4: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Helper в RouterOS

• Сложные протоколы и RouterOS

• Основные принципы работы SIP

• Прохождение SIP протокола через NAT

• Asterisk и SIP

• RouterOS и SIP Service / Helper / ALG

Page 5: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

Сложные протоколы

• Требуют создания дополнительного соединения

• Принимающая сторона указывает порты и ip адреса, на которые ожидается соединение

• Популярные сложные протоколы:

• pptp

• ftp

• sip

• tftp

Page 6: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

Сложные протоколы

• Маршрутизатор анализирует пакеты сложных протоколов

• Изменяет содержимое на «правильные» значения

• Создаёт новое соединение с параметрами из информации, полученной из пакета

Page 7: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

Сложные протоколы

• Application-level gateway (ALG)

• HAT Helper

• /ip firewall service-port

Page 8: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP• Session Initiation Protocol

• Похож на HTTP

• Актуальная версия 2.0

• Коды ответа

• Как транспорт для SDP (Session Description Protocol)

• TCP/UDP

• TLS

Page 9: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP

200 300

Register Register

Invite Invite

180,183,200180,183,200

No NAT

Page 10: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Helper Disabled

200192.168.2.100

2.2.2.21.1.1.2

Page 11: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Helper Disabled[[email protected]] >

/ip firewall nat

add action=masquerade chain=srcnat out-interface=ether1add chain=dstnat src-address=1.1.1.2 protocol=udp \

dst-port=5060,10000-20000 in-interface=ether1 \

action=dst-nat to-addresses=192.168.2.100

/ip firewall service-portset sip disabled=yes

Page 12: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Disabled / PreroutingInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.2.100:5060;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5060> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

Page 13: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Disabled / PreroutingInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.2.100:5060;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5060> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

Page 14: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Disabled / PreroutingInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.2.100:5060;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5060> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

Page 15: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Disabled / PreroutingInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.2.100:5060;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5060> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

Page 16: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Disabled / PreroutingInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.2.100:5060;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5060> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

Page 17: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Disabled / PreroutingInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.2.100:5060;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5060> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

Page 18: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Disabled / PreroutingInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.2.100:5060;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5060> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

Page 19: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Disabled / SRCNATInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 2.2.2.2, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5061, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.2.100:5060;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5060> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

Page 20: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Disabled / SRCNATInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 2.2.2.2, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5061, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.2.100:5060;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5060> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

Page 21: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Disabled / SRCNATInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 2.2.2.2, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5061, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.2.100:5060;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5060> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

Page 22: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Disabled / Server• Включить поддержку на телефоне RFC3581 (rport)

• На сервере установить значение nat=comedia

• Если телефон не поддерживает rport

• На сервере установить значение nat=force_rport,comedia

Page 23: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

Server force_rportInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 2.2.2.2, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5061, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.2.100:5060;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5060> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

Page 24: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP + NAT = комедияInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 2.2.2.2, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5061, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.2.100:5060;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5060> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

Page 25: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP + NAT = комедияInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 2.2.2.2, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5061, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.2.100:5060;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5060> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

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SIP + NAT = комедияInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 2.2.2.2, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5061, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.2.100:5060;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5060> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

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SIP Helper Disabled

• Простая конфигурация для одного клиента

• «Пробрасываем» порты dst-nat на маршрутизаторе

• Все остальные настройки можно сделать со стороны сервера

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Что будем делать?

2.2.2.21.1.1.2

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SIP Helper

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SIP Helper

200192.168.2.100

2.2.2.21.1.1.2

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SIP Helper[[email protected]] >

/ip firewall nat

addaction=masquerade chain=srcnat out-interface=ether1

/ip firewall service-port

setsip disabled=no

Page 32: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Helper Регистрация

• Сообщение REGISTER

• Если в сообщении есть поле Expires со значением больше чем 0, то RouterOS создаст соединение с timeout из sip-timeout значения service-port (Только для UDP)

• Если Expires отсутствует или равно 0, то существующее соединение удаляется из трекера

Page 33: SIP Helper в RouterOS - MikroTik · SIP Disabled / Prerouting Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2 User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060

SIP Helper PreroutingInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.2.100, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5060, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.2.100:5060;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5060> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 192.168.2.100 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

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SIP Helper ActionInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 2.2.2.2, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5061, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 2.2.2.2:5061;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5061> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 2.2.2.2 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 2.2.2.2 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

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SIP Helper ActionInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 2.2.2.2, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5061, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 2.2.2.2:5061;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5061> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 2.2.2.2 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 2.2.2.2 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

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SIP Helper ActionInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 2.2.2.2, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5061, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 2.2.2.2:5061;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5061> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 2.2.2.2 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 2.2.2.2 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

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SIP Helper ActionInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 2.2.2.2, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5061, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 2.2.2.2:5061;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5061> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 2.2.2.2 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 2.2.2.2 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

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SIP Helper ActionInternet Protocol Version 4, Src: 2.2.2.2, Dst: 1.1.1.2User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 5061, Dst Port: 5060Session Initiation Protocol (INVITE) Request-Line: INVITE sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 Message Header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 2.2.2.2:5061;branch=z9hG4bK88046350326731848 From: 200 <sip:[email protected]:5060>;tag=311910759 To: "89052073578" <sip:[email protected];user=phone> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Contact: <sip:[email protected]:5061> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 283 Message Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 2.2.2.2 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 2.2.2.2 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

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SIP Helper ActionMessage Body Session Description Protocol Session Description Protocol Version (v): 0 Owner/Creator, Session Id (o): 200 837919671 312189059 IN IP4 2.2.2.2 Session Name (s): A conversation Connection Information (c): IN IP4 2.2.2.2 Time Description, active time (t): 0 0 Media Description, name and address (m): audio 10036 RTP/AVP 8 0 9 18 101

Когда SIP Helper получит ответ от сервера с портом и адресом для RTP трафика.

!!!Создаст соединение в conntrack с правильными адресами и портами для трансляции nat!!!

DST-NAT не нужен!

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SIP Direct Media

• Позволяет пересылать медиа напрямую между клиентами

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192.168.2.100192.168.2.200

2.2.2.2

1.1.1.2

192.168.2.1

sdp/

192.

168.

2.10

0:1

0000

sdp/

2.2.

2.2

:100

00

sdp/

2.2.

2.2

:100

00sd

p/19

2.16

8.2.

100

:100

00

sdp/

192.

168.

2.20

0:2

0000

sdp/

2.2.

2.2

:200

00

sdp/

2.2.

2.2

:200

00sd

p/19

2.16

8.2.

200

:200

00

:20000 :10000

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SIP Helper VPN

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SIP Helper VPN

«Был freebpx, хотим voip в филиале, но слышимость только в одну сторону, на форумах пишут, что надо отключить sip helper»

«Я не помню, что точно делал, но «тыкал» всё подряд, отключал sip helper, в пользователях менял параметры nat»

«Неделю пытаюсь настроить, на форуме предложили поменять маршрутизатор»

«Меня уволят!»

«Шо делать?»

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SIP Helper VPN

300192.168.3.100

192.168.1.2

1.1.1.2 2.2.2.2VPNInvite/sdp 192.168.3.100

/sdp 1.1.1.2

RTP

RTP

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SIP Helper VPN

А причем тут MikroTiK и SIP Helper?

Куда телефону указали отправлять медиа, туда он и отправляет!

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SIP Helper VPN

• Asterisk – смотрит, если сеть не объявлена в переменной localnet, определяет, что клиент находится за NAT и использует свой внешний адрес (externalip), как адрес для в SIP/SDP

• Клиент отправляет на хост указанный в SIP/SDP

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SIP Helper VPN

• localnet = 192.168.2.0/255.255.255.0

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SIP Helper

OFFON

Отключайте NATНа клиентах и транках

Включайте NATforce_rport и comedia

Выбирайте что-то одно!

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SIP via VPN

300192.168.3.100

192.168.1.2

1.1.1.2 2.2.2.2VPN

0.0.0.0/0

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SIP via VPN

• Исключите из NAT-a

• Запретите трафик до SIP сервера, через ISP

50

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NO NAT

51

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NO NAT

52

[[email protected]] >

/ip firewall raw

addchain=prerouting in-interface=Brdige-local \dst-address=192.168.1.0/24 action=notrack

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No Forward

53

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No Forward

54

[[email protected]] >

/ip routeadddst-address=192.168.0.0/16 type=unreachable distance=250

adddst-address=10.0.0.0/8 type=unreachable distance=250

adddst-address=172.16.0.0/12 type=unreachable distance=250

………

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Хочу всё знать

• https://git.kernel.org

• v3.3.5

• net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_sip.c•

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Вопросы?

• MikroTik.Me

• Vasilevkirill.com

• https://t.me/mikrotikme

• https://vk.com/mikrotikrus