sir erick compilation 1
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• Constantine’s Toleration to State religion• French revolution• Industrial revolution• Karl Marx• Catholic Social Teachings
Dignity of the human person and his inalienable rights
Making the Gospel responsive to the challenges of the time
focus
JUDGESEE
ACT
There are three stages which should normally be followed in the reduction of social principles into practice. . . expressed in the three terms: see, judge, act.
Mater et Magistra, 263
METHOD :
SEE Seeing, hearing, and experiencing the lived reality of
individuals and communities
SEE
What are the causes of the situation?
What are the consequences?
What are the people’s reactions, motives and mentalities?
JUDGE
Social Analysis
Theological Reflection
This involves the evaluation of the facts we have gathered in the light of the Scriptures and the teachings of the Church
JUDGE
Is what is happening consistent with Christian and human values?
Is it contributing to God's plan to build His Kingdom of love, peace and justice?
Are they, human, truly Christian?
ACTPlanning and carrying out
actions aimed at transforming the social
structures that contribute to suffering and injustice
ACTWhat active response am I to make?
Is my action educative for me, and for others?
Did I change the situation and the way people think?
SCRIPTURAL TEXT
EXPOSITION
SUMMARY
TAKE THE CHALLENGE
REFLECTION
HUMAN DIGNITY
Human persons are willed by God; they are imprinted with God's image. Their dignity does not come from the work they do, but from the
persons they are.
Centessimus Annus, 11
OBJECTIVES
HAVING vs. Being
• Measured by what I have• Attitude is to accumulate or
possess• Everything is based on utility• Believes in the gospel of
secularism
Having vs. BEING
• Characterized by who I am
• Attitude is to develop one’s potentials
• Everything is based on self-actualization
• Professes the gospel of the Kingdom
The natural worth of a person as a creature formed in the image and
likeness of God
The dignity of the human person is inviolable and inalienable…
Human Dignity
The basic truth about the person
• Created by God out of love• Created in the image and likeness of God• Gifted with freedom• Redeemed by Christ
SCRIPTURAL TEXT
EXPOSITION
SUMMARY
TAKE THE CHALLENGE
REFLECTION
HUMAN RIGHTSA well-ordered human society requires that
men recognize and observe their mutual rights and duties. It also demands that each
contribute generously to the establishment of a civic order in which rights and duties are
more sincerely and effectively acknowledged and fulfilled.
Pacem in Terris, 29
OBJECTIVES
Moral claims by a person to some good of the
physical or spiritual order which is necessary for
proper human development and dignity
Human Rights
These are moral claims that we can make on others based on our
human dignity.
Human Rights
• Protect the person’s true value as a subject, not an object
• Guarantee that the person will not be impeded in seeking his or her goal
Human Rights
Where can I find these?
1. Pacem in Terris n. 8-27
2. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
3. Bill of Rights (Article III of the Philippine
Constitution)
What is the distinction?
RIGHTS PRIVILEGES
I need these to live I want these to live comfortably
A child has the right to study in De La Salle-College of Saint Benilde.
SCRIPTURAL TEXT
EXPOSITION
SUMMARY
TAKE THE CHALLENGE
REFLECTION
DIGNITY OF HUMAN WORK
Work remains a good thing, not only because it is useful and enjoyable, but also because it
expresses and increases the worker's dignity. Through work we not only transform the world,
we are transformed ourselves, becoming "more a human being."
Laborem Exercens, #9
OBJECTIVES
The basic truth is . . .
The person has DIGNITY!
created by God in his own image
to live life to the full
Human Work
This results in. . .
RATIONALITYCREATIVITY
Purposeful actions Abilities and capacities
Again. . .
The person as IMAGE OF GOD
RATIONALITYcapacity for self- determination
CREATIVITYmake something
for something
Person uses his creativity
Product goes back to the workersPerson is able to express his uniqueness and freedom
Other people share their abilities and capacities
Person uses his creativity
Product goes back to the workersPerson is able to satisfy his needs and others’ needs too
Person is fulfilled!
Other people share their abilities and capacities
fulfilled!
Human Work
“work for”
“work with”
a vision of becoming a certain kind of individual(one’s expression of his or her self-actualization)
other people for the attainment of the common good (mutual satisfaction of their needs)
Human Work
“work for”
“work with”
SELF-FULFILLMENT
PARTICIPATION in the COMMON GOOD
BUSINESS OWNER
Person is alienated!
Subjective
Objective
Work has two dimensions Labor has priority over capital..
Objective dimension
The instruments of work
The fruit of one’s work
How does the product of work express the
person’s uniqueness?
The person as the basis or subject of work
“does he experience a certain level of fulfillment in working?”
What happens to the person working?
Subjective dimension
Subjective Objective
Externalization or objectification of the person’s nature (his capacities and abilities)
Other people admire this painting
Their need for aesthetics has been satisfied
Da Vinci is affirmed because his creativity has been recognized
He is an artist (functional)
Subjective
Objective
2 Dimensions of Work
“BEING”
“HAVING”
You cannot “be” unless you first “have.”
What is your basis?
The value of work is not measured on the kind of work, but on the person
who does the work
EXPOSITION
SCRIPTURAL TEXT
SUMMARY
TAKE THE CHALLENGE
REFLECTION
PREFERENTIAL OPTION FOR THE POOR
In teaching us charity, the Gospel instructs us in the preferential respect due to the poor and the special situation they have in society: the more
fortunate should renounce some of their rights so as to place their goods more generously at the
service of others.
Octogesima Adveniens, 23
OBJECTIVES
POVERTY
Absolute poverty
primary basic needs such as food, clothing, home, health, are not met
Relative poverty
involves how national income is distributed among the levels of society
3 % are the wealthy and usually have the power
17 % are the middle class who can meet more than their needs (relatively rich)
40 % have just enough and so they can meet their basic needs though they are always in danger of suffering from absolute poverty if a disaster strikes them
40 % suffer from absolute poverty and cannot maintain a proper life and have little chance to be freed from this condition
Who are the poor?
Economically,
they are those who have insufficient resources to live a decent life
Who are the poor?
Politically,
they are those who are victims of social structures
Who are the poor?
Culturally,
they are those who are marginalized because of their status, race, sex, age, or religion
Jesus tells us . . .
“The spirit of the Lord has been given to me. He has sent me to bring the good news to the poor, to proclaim liberty to captives and to the blind new sight, to set the downtrodden free, to proclaim the Lord’s year of favor.”
Jesus commands us . . .
• Feed the hungry • Give drink to the thirsty• Clothe the naked• Shelter the homeless• Visit the sick• Visit the imprisoned• Bury the dead
Each Christian must make a
choice to lift up the poor and
disadvantaged in very real and
concrete ways!
to create conditions for marginalized voices to be heard, to defend the
defenseless, and to assess lifestyles,
policies and social institutions in terms of
their impact on the poor.
Preferential Option for the Poor
Why is it never optional?
Preferential Option for the Poor
The poor have a harder time experiencing humanization, so Christians must imitate
their Master who humanizes.
SCRIPTURAL TEXT
EXPOSITION
SUMMARY
TAKE THE CHALLENGE
REFLECTION
SOLIDARITYSolidarity helps us to see the ‘other’ – whether a person, people of nation-not just some kind
of instrument, with a work capacity and physical strength to be exploited at low cost
and then discarded when no longer useful, but as our ‘neighbor’ a ‘helper’, to be made a
sharer, on par with ourselves, in the banquet of life to which all are equally invited by God”
Sollicitudo Rei Socialis, 39
OBJECTIVES
a firm and persevering determination to commit oneself to
the common good
Solidarity
I have dignity, and so too do others
I need to help them be humanized
Solidarity
Social virtue
Moral virtue
Social virtue Person is a social being who can only grow in relation with others
uniting oneself with other people
Solidarity
Incarnation of compassion
solidarity with the oppressed
Solidarity
Moral virtue
Solidarity is improving one’s environment.
Solidarity is. . .Promoting justice
and peace.
Solidarity is. . .Providing opportunities for the
marginalized.
Solidarity is. . .Fighting for the
oppressed.
Solidarity is. . .Loving others as Christ
would.
EXPOSITION
SCRIPTURAL TEXT
SUMMARY
TAKE THE CHALLENGE
REFLECTION
COMMON GOODIt is imperative that no one ... would indulge in a
merely individualistic morality. The best way to fulfill one's obligations of justice and love is to
contribute to the common good according to one's means and the needs of others, and also
to promote and help public and private organizations devoted to bettering the conditions
of life.
Gaudium et Spes, 30
OBJECTIVES
embraces the sum total of all those conditions of social life which enable
individuals, families, and organizations to achieve complete and effective
fulfillment Mater et Magistra, #74
Common Good
SELF-ACTUALIZATION
I have dignity
so too do others
INDIVIDUALISM COLLECTIVISM
Common Good
balances
neglects other people
neglects the individual
Shared dignity
“I have dignity, and so too do others.”
Common Good
A means that can lead to one’s perfection
An opportunity to be self-actualized
Common Good
Everybody must have an opportunity to actualize himself or herself
Common Good
SCRIPTURAL TEXT
EXPOSITION
SUMMARY
TAKE THE CHALLENGE
REFLECTION
AUTHENTIC HUMAN
DEVELOPMENTIndividual initiative alone and the mere free play of
competition could never assure successful development. One must avoid the risk of
increasing still more the wealth of the rich and the dominion of the strong, whilst leaving the poor in
their misery and adding to the servitude of the oppressed.
On the Development of Peoples, 33
OBJECTIVES
Development
Moving towards something
People have been given the task of developing themselves
fully
Tribal
Agricultural
Industrial
People utilize their environment to satisfy their needs
But only a few get to have, many have not.
Tribal Agricultural Industrial
Industrial Revolution
But why has the problem of the gap between the rich and
the poor worsened?
DevelopmentECONOMIC?
Only a few people “HAVE”
But do they actually reach “BEING”?
Example: CONSUMERISM
DevelopmentECONOMIC?
+ Values
Development
Gives a certain order or purpose
common goodAn abundance of opportunities for
everyone
+ Values
Development
“For every person’s success, others too must progress.”
DevelopmentAUTHENTIC HUMAN
Geared towards the cultivation and
enhancement of the full human potentials
DevelopmentAUTHENTIC HUMAN
Must include political, social and cultural development and
should promote the good of all persons
DevelopmentAUTHENTIC HUMANDevelopment with a human
face
Authentic Human Development asks…
• What does the economy do for people?• What does it do to the people?• How do people participate in it?
EXPOSITION
SCRIPTURAL TEXT
SUMMARY
TAKE THE CHALLENGE
REFLECTION
UNIVERSAL DESTINATION
OF GOODSThe right to private property is subordinated to the right to common use, to the fact that goods
are meant for everyone.
Laborem Exercens, 14
OBJECTIVES
entails obligations on how goods are to be used by their legitimate owners.
Individual persons may not use their resources without considering the effects that this use will have, rather they must
act in a way that benefits no only themselves and their family but also the
common good.
“Being”
“Having”
X
X
X
Creation is a gift from God entrusted to people. As such, people should respect this gift
and utilize it in the most efficient and effective way possible.
“Being”
“Having”
“Being”
“Being”
“Being”
The goods of the earth are for the use of everyone in order to satisfy their inalienable rights consonant with the dignity of
each person
Self-actualization
Right to private property
COMMON GOOD
Right to private property
UNIVERSAL DESTINATION OF GOODS
Right to private property Right to private property
Humanity should seek to maximize the benefit of the earth’s goods and resources so that the maximum number of
people can benefit from the output.
If people are denied the goods of the earth. . . . . .
. . . How can they live in the dignity accorded to them by their Maker?
. . . Will this not go to another who has enough?
. . . Where does they get the soil to till?
. . . How can they eat, and feed and clothe and shelter their family?
. . . How can they share the goods of the earth?
. . . How can they contribute in shaping the life of their community?
. . . How can they shape their own destiny?
. . . How can they feel the goodness of life?
. . . How can they know the goodness of man?
. . . How can they dream of eternity?
. . . How can YOU tell them of God when they does not see God in you…
EXPOSITION
SCRIPTURAL TEXT
SUMMARY
TAKE THE CHALLENGE
REFLECTION
SUBSIDIARITY
"A community of a higher order should not interfere with the life of a community of a lower
order, taking over its functions." In case of need it should, rather, support the smaller community and help to coordinate its activity with activities
in the rest of society for the sake of the common good.
Centessimus Annus, 48
OBJECTIVES
Subsidiarity
This principle seeks to establish and maintain a balance between individual initiativeand governmental assistance and direction.
The state should intervene only when lesser bodies cannot
fulfil a given task required by the common good
Subsidiarity
calls on "a community of a higher order to not interfere with the life of a community of a lower
order, taking over its functions"
CA, 48
Negative form Help is withheld
Subsidiarity
Subsidiarity
those on top should avoid imposing actions to those below to promote autonomy and initiative
to make the latter more creative and responsible stakeholders for the common good
Negative form Help is withheld
Subsidiarity
only justified if it is essential to “support the smaller community and help to coordinate its activity with activities in the rest of society for
the sake of the common good”
CA, 48
Positive form Help is given
Subsidiarity
only in cases where those below cannot carry out the abovementioned should those on top intervene for the sake of the common good
Positive form Help is given
what can be done at the lowest level
the ones at the top must not interfere in
Subsidiarity
enhancement of person’s capacity for self-determination
recognition of the person’s autonomy
choice of the kind of life he or she wants to live
SCRIPTURAL TEXT
EXPOSITION
SUMMARY
TAKE THE CHALLENGE
REFLECTION
STEWARDSHIP
Material goods and the way we are developing the use of them should be seen
as God's gifts to us. They are meant to bring out in each one of us the image of God. We must never lose sight of how we have been
created: from the earth and from the breath of God.
On Social Concern, 29
OBJECTIVES
The whole of creation is for humanity, who has a duty to care for
it
People have the responsibility to
develop and perfect it by intelligent effort for
their use
describes the full extent of the greenhouse effect
results in extreme weather events like droughts, flood, cyclones and frosts
Climate Change
Climate Change and peoplemain culprits? Industrialized countries
releasing greenhouse gases
Poor countries mired in debt and poverty lack resources to adapt to climate change
1. Lack of technologies to slow down or to adapt to climate change
irrigation during droughtsflood control and rescue operations during heavy rains
Climate Change and people
Poor countries mired in debt and poverty lack resources to adapt to climate change
2. Relocation for residents in flood-prone areas
Climate Change and people
Poor countries mired in debt and poverty lack resources to adapt to climate change
3. Acquisition and construction of clean and renewable sources of energy
solar-powered panelswind-generated turbineshydro-electric plants
Climate Change and people
Poor countries mired in debt and poverty lack resources to adapt to climate change 4. Lack of funds for research and medicine to
counter the diseases associated with climate change
Climate Change and people
Respect for the order in nature
Realization that:
nature cannot be used with impunity
natural resources are limited, some not renewable
Universal Destination of
Goods
Stewardship
generosity responsibility
EXPOSITION
SCRIPTURAL TEXT
SUMMARY
TAKE THE CHALLENGE
REFLECTION
JUSTICE
Action on behalf of justice and participation in the transformation of the world fully appear to us
as a constitutive dimension of the preaching of the Gospel, or, in other words, of the Church's mission for the redemption of the human race
and its liberation from every oppressive situation.
Justice in the World, 6
OBJECTIVES
The Jubilee Year Celebrated every 50 years Demands:
a) Freedom of slavesb) Return of the
land/propertyc) Cancellation of debtsd) Rest of land
Matt 20:1-16
Was the owner unfair to his laborers?
Is Jubilee Year fair to the creditors?
Justice?
Old Testament
To practice grace and mercy toward those who have no power to secure it for themselves
Why practice Justice?
Old Testament
“You have all seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I carried you on eagles’ wings and
brought you to myself”
Why practice Justice?
Why practice Justice?
New Testament
As Christ has loved us, so should we love one another
Why practice Justice?
New Testament
“What you have done to the least of your brothers, you have done to me.”
Justice giving what is due to others
moral virtue that consists in the constant and firm will to give their due to God and
neighbor.
CCC, 1807
“ius” = “right”
Justice giving what is due to others
Right to a MEANINGFUL life
Contributive
Dis
trib
utiv
e
Commutative
justice between two or more parties based on an agreement between
1. individuals
(laborer’s wage)
2. an individual and a group
(teacher to class)
3. two groups
(trade agreement)
Calls for fundamental fairness in all agreements and exchanges between individuals or private social groups
EJA, 69
justice of sharing that sees to the fair and equal distribution of the goods of creation so that human needs are met
(welfare programs, student loans, putting up a business)
Requires that the allocation of income, wealth, and power in society be evaluated in light of its effects on persons whose basic material needs are unmet .
EJA, 70
justice which regulates a citizen’s obligations to the larger society and government (common good)
(voting, paying taxes)
it stresses the duty of all who are capable to help create the goods, services and other nonmaterial or spiritual values necessary for the welfare of the whole community.
JW, 71
justice which applies the gospel to the structures, systems, and laws of a society so that people’s rights are guaranteed
Contributive
Dis
trib
utiv
e
Commutative
Implies that persons have an obligation to be active and productive participants in the life of society and that society has a duty to enable them to participate in this way.
EJA,71
Contributive
Dis
trib
utiv
e
Commutative
EXPOSITION
SCRIPTURAL TEXT
SUMMARY
TAKE THE CHALLENGE
REFLECTION
SOCIAL SIN
“With greater or lesser violence, with greater or lesser harm, every sin has repercussions on the
entire ecclesial body and the whole human family.”
Reconciliatio et Paenitentia, 16
OBJECTIVES
personal sin social sin
structure
situationattitude
Begets other social problems
Social Sin Defined:
Situations or structures of society which cause or support evil, or
Social Sin Defined:
Situations or structures of society which cause us to fail to correct
evils and injustices when it is possible to do so.
Social Sin Defined:
Sum total of negative factors which prevent the attainment of the
common good
Structures which systematically oppress human
dignity and violate human rights, stifle human freedom and imposes gross inequality
between the rich and poor
Situations which promote and facilitate
greed and human selfishness
Attitude of persons who do not take
responsibility for evil being done or who
silently allow oppression and injustice
“The poverty and destitution of the great mass of our people are only too evident, contrasting sharply with the wealth and luxury of the relatively few families - the elite top of our social pyramid. “
PCP II, 24
Social Sin: some examples
• Colonialism
• Racism
• Sexism
• Trapo System
• Child Labor
• Pornography
• Migrants
• Oil Cartels
• Illegal Drugs
• Arms Race