Prepared byANURODH KUMAR

A.P(EC) Sistec-E Bhopal

SISTEC-E

◦ Function Generators can produce Square, Triangular and Sinusoidal waveforms over a wide range of frequencies and amplitudes as well as modulated waveforms (AM, FM, FSK) and signal noise.

Why a Function Generator?◦ Essential tool in Electrical Engineering◦ Can be implemented with basic inexpensive components ◦ Most circuits needed have a direct relevance to the course

Project Objectives◦ To build a low-cost Function Generator capable of:

Producing Square, Triangular and Sine waveforms with amplitude control

adjusting the waveform frequencies up to 1 MHz or higher

The function generator should be low cost

SISTEC-E

In this Presentation we will talk about:◦ The Design◦ Performance & Results◦ Advantages & Disadvantages (Conclusion)

SISTEC-E

Block Diagram

◦ Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO)

◦ Level Detector

◦ Sine Shaping Circuit

◦ Output stage (Variable Power Amplifier)

Voltage Controlled Oscillator

Level Detector

Sine Shaping Circuit

Amplifier Stage

Voltage Controlled Oscillator

Level Detector

Sine Shaping Circuit

Amplifier Stage

SISTEC-E

Wien Bridge Sine Oscillator

Compensated Triangle Oscillator Using LM6365

Triangle Oscillator with double Detector Circuit

Crystal Oscillator

Voltage Controlled Oscillator

Level Detector

Sine Shaping Circuit

Amplifier Stage

Simplified Triangle Oscillator with single voltage detector (Final VCO based on this circuit)

SISTEC-E

Voltage Controlled Oscillator

Level Detector

Sine Shaping Circuit

Amplifier Stage

Wien Bridge Sine Oscillator

Compensated Triangle Oscillator Using LM6365

Triangle Oscillator with double Detector Circuit

Crystal Oscillator

Simplified Triangle Oscillator with single voltage detector Final Selection

SISTEC-E

Voltage Controlled Oscillator

Level Detector

Sine Shaping Circuit

Amplifier Stage

Overdriven CA3080

Breakpoint Sine Shaper

BJT non-linear amplifier

SISTEC-E

Voltage Controlled Oscillator

Level Detector

Sine Shaping Circuit

Amplifier Stage

Variable Inverting Amplifier with Offset Adjustment

SISTEC-E

Waveforms Produced◦ Triangular, Square and Sinusoidal

Overall Frequency Range: 4 Hz – 1.3 MHz Practical Frequency Range:

◦ Triangle: 4 Hz to 500 kHz◦ Square: 4 Hz to 1.3 MHz & up◦ Sine: 30 kHz to 1.3 MHz & up (independent)◦ Sine: 30 kHz to 500 kHz (dependent)

SISTEC-E

Duty Cycle Adjustment: 1% - 80% Amplitude Control: 0 V – 26 V p-p DC Offset Control: 0V - +/- 5 V THD of Sinewave:

◦ 0.768 % at 500 kHz, 50% D.C.◦ 0.878 % at 10 kHz, 50% D.C. ◦ 1.155 % at 1.0 MHz, 50% D.C.

SISTEC-E

SISTEC-E