six approaches to
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Six Approaches to. Psychology. Psychoanalysis Approach. A system of viewing the individual as the product of unconscious forces Sigmund Freud Carl Jung Advantages Provides a framework for analyzing thought processes below consciousness Disadvantages - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Six Approaches toSix Approaches to
PsychologyPsychology
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Psychoanalysis ApproachPsychoanalysis Approach• A system of viewing the individual as the product
of unconscious forces– Sigmund Freud– Carl Jung
• Advantages– Provides a framework for analyzing thought
processes below consciousness
• Disadvantages– Focuses on how people are only products of negative
unconscious impulses– Difficult to proof
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Behaviorism ApproachBehaviorism Approach• Viewing behavior as the product of
learning and associations– B.F. Skinner– John B. Watson – Ivan Pavlov
• Advantages– Observable, measurable & scientific– Many experiments to support founding
• Disadvantages– Takes away “free will” & Ignores biology
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HumanismHumanism• Believing that people are basically good &
capable of helping themselves• Each person in unique – Self• Free Will- make own choices
– Carl Rogers &– Abraham Maslow
• Advantages– It give people power over their own lives & behavior
• Disadvantages– No one is good all the time– Self-centeredness & Hard to verify –Not measurable
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Cognitive ApproachCognitive Approach• Emphasizes the use of mental processes
to handle problems• How people understand, diagnose & solve
problems – Jean Piaget & E.C. Tolman
• Advantages– Analyzes how thoughts affect behavior– Good thoughts = Good behavior
• Disadvantages– Does not include feelings & emotions
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Biopsychological ApproachBiopsychological Approach• Behavior as the result of nervous system
functions & biology• Nature vs Nurture
– Ivan Pavlov & Charles Darwin
• Advantages– Using biological aspects of behavior can help
develop treatment (drugs) for some disorders
• Disadvantages– Does not take in account environmental
influences
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Socioculturalism ApproachSocioculturalism Approach• Behavior viewed as strongly influenced by
the rules and expectations of specific social groups or cultures– Albert Bandura
• Advantages– Helps to understand different cultures and to
understand social influences on behavior
• Disadvantages– Does not look at biology or self