ستة عشر وصية في

االمتحانات

Sixteen pieces of advice for the exams

محمد المختار الشنقيطي. للشيخ د مستفادة من أجوبة متعددة

Acquired from multiple answers By the Sheikh, Dr Muhammad al-Mukhtar ash-Shinqiti

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Contents The First Advice ..................................................................................................................... 3

The Second Advice ................................................................................................................ 4

The Third Advice ................................................................................................................... 5

The Fourth Advice ................................................................................................................. 7

The Fifth Advice .................................................................................................................... 9

The Sixth Advice .................................................................................................................. 10

The Seventh Advice ............................................................................................................. 11

The Eighth Advice ................................................................................................................ 12

The Ninth Advice ................................................................................................................. 14

The Tenth Advice ................................................................................................................ 15

The Eleventh Advice ............................................................................................................ 16

The Twelfth Advice .............................................................................................................. 17

The Thirteenth Advice ......................................................................................................... 19

The Fourteenth Advice ........................................................................................................ 21

The Fifteenth Advice ........................................................................................................... 22

The Sixteenth Advice ........................................................................................................... 23

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The First Advice

العلموصايا لطالب dents of knowledgethe stuto Advice

:اهلل تقوى

من اتقى اهلل جعل له من كل هم فرجا، ومن كل ضيق مخرجا، أصلح له أمور دينه ودنياه، –وانتهت أموره إلى خير ، وما خرج اإلنسان بشيء أحب إلى اهلل وال أكرم عليه من تقواه

.عمل هلل، وهـو إخالص ال ؛ ألنها قائمة على أساس الـديـن -سبحانه

: تعالى قال

Having taqwah (piety and righteousness) of Allāh: Whosoever has taqwah of Allah, He (Allah) will relieve him of every distress and provide an exit from every hardship he encounters. He will rectify for him his religion and his worldly affairs, and all of his affairs will result in good. There is nothing a person can do that is more beloved to Allah than having taqwah in Him (Glory be to Him) because the foundations of the religion are built upon this taqwah and this is being sincere in actions for the sake of Allah. Allah said: “And take a provision for indeed the best provision is at-Taqwa”.1

1 Surah al-Baqarah [2:197]

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The Second Advice

رادة ما عند اهلل ، فإن اهلل يأجر اإلنسان على قدر نيته ، فال يغلب إخالص العمل لوجه اهلل، وا .طالب العلم نية الدنيا على اآلخرة

نما يراد لوجه اهلل، فيخلص اإلنسان لوجه اهلل وما ينال من فضل الدنيا والعلم ال يراد للدنيا، وا

.يجعله تبعا ال أساسا

Making actions sincerely for the face of Allah, and desiring that which is with Allah, for indeed Allah rewards a person according to the degree of his intention. Therefore, the student of knowledge should never allow his inclination for this world to overcome that of the hereafter. Knowledge is not acquired for this world, rather it is acquired seeking the face of Allah, so the person should seek the face of Allah with sincerity. He should make whatever he obtains from the bounties of this world secondary and not his ultimate goal.

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The Third Advice

:التوكل على اهلل

فإن اهلل قادر على .فال تعتمد على ذكائك وال على حفظك وتيسير مدرسك ولكن توكل على اهللحتى يدخل إلى اختباره فينسيه أن يترك اإلنسان وهو على أكمل ما يكون من الذكاء والحفظ

جميع ما حفظ ، وربما يبتليه بمرض فيصبح في شتات من أمره ال يستطيع أن يبلغ ما يريد ، .فنحن تحت رحمة اهلل

(أصلح لي شأني كله ، وال تكلني إلى نفسي طرفة عين)

الغموم بالتوكل أيام االختبارات أيام صعبة ، وفيها هموم وغموم ، فاإلنسان يذهب هذه الهموم و

.على اهلل وحسن الظن به

Putting your trust in Allah: Allāh said: “And put your trust in the Ever Living One Who dies not, and glorify His Praises…”2 So you should not depend on your intellect, nor on your memorisation or the proficient teaching style of your teacher, rather put your trust in Allah. Indeed Allah is able to leave a person whilst he is on the highest of platforms pertaining to intelligence and memory to such an extent that when he enters the exam, he forgets what he has memorised in its entirety. It is also possible that He could afflict him with an illness preventing him from reaching that which he intends for. So we must understand that we are under the mercy of Allah.

2 Surah al-Furqan [25:58]

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The Prophet (pbuh) used to say in an invocation: “Rectify for me all of my affairs and do not place me in charge of my soul even for the blinking of an eye (i.e. a moment)”.3 The days of exams are difficult; in it is grief and sadness, so a person can remove these by placing his trust in Allah and always having good thoughts about Him.

3 Collected by an-Nasaai, al-Bazzar and al-Hakim. Al-Hakim said; This hadeeth is authentic and fulfils

the conditions of the two sheikhs (al-Buhkari and Muslim). Al-Albani also authenticated it in as-Silsilah as-Saheehah.

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The Fourth Advice

:على اإلخوان انية والبخل بالخيراألنوالبعد عن بين طالب العلمالتراحم

ياك وما يسوله فإن احتاج أخوك إلى شرح مسألة أو كتاب أو ملخص فأعطه ، الشيطان وا مهمل وهذا متكاسل ، ال ، من اآلن تعود على اإليثار ، فلربما كانت عنده ظروف هذا : ويقول

.أو كانت عنده أمور ، أعطه ملخصك وانصحه

فلذلك ال ينبغي لإلنسان أن يبخل على الناس ، وطالب العلم الذي يبخل اليوم سيبخل غدا، واهلل .بين أهلهفي عون العبد ما كان العبد في عون أخيه ، والعلم رحم

إذا وجدت اإلنسان حريصا على حب الخير للناس، وطالب العلم من اليوم في مواطن االختبارات ومواطن التنافس تجده سخي النفس، يبذل ويعطي ويعين تجده غدا أحرى بإمامة الناس، وداللتهم

.على الخير؛ ألنه عود نفسه على ما فيه خير دينه ودنياه وآخرته

Compassion between students of knowledge and staying away from selfishness and miserliness in regards to being good to fellow brothers. So if your brother needs an explanation to an issue, a book, or a summary, give it to him. And beware of the whisperings of shaytan for he may say, ‘This person is careless and this person is lazy’. No! From now on, be of those who help, for maybe this person was busy or had certain commitments. Summarise for him and advise him. And it is for this reason that a person must not be miserly to the people. The student of knowledge who is miserly today, people will be miserly to him tomorrow. Allah is in the assistance of the slave so long as the slave is in the assistance of his brother. And knowledge is a mercy between its

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people. Therefore you find that a person is always keen to love good for the people. You will find that the student of knowledge who is generous at the time of exams and competition, doing one's utmost to give and help, that tomorrow he will be most deserving to lead the people, guiding them to goodness. This is because he accustomed himself upon goodness in religious, worldly and hereafter affairs.

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The Fifth Advice

:كالغش في االختبار المحرماتالبعد عن

(من غشنا فليس منا)من الكبائر والشك ؛ ألن الغش في االختبار كبيرة وألنه يفضي إلى استباحة األمور المحرمة ؛ ألن اإلنسان ينال شهادة مزورة فهو ليس بأهل لهذه

.الشهادة

ولذلك ينظر فإن اإلنسان يشتبه في رزقه إال أن يتوب فيتوب اهلل عليه ،: بل قال بعض العلماء محق اهلل أقل ما يكون، يمحق اهلل بركة ماله ، -والعياذ باهلل -إذا نال الشهادة بالزور وبالغش

ولذلك تجده يأخذ من المال الكثير وليست فيه بركة ، ولو تاب ؛ لتاب اهلل عليه ولكن يصلح من .حاله

Staying away from sins like cheating in the exams: Because cheating, without doubt is a major sin. The Prophet (pbuh) said; “Whoever cheats us is not from us”.4 This leads to many prohibited things because a person will obtain a false certificate whilst in reality he is not from its people. Some of the scholars have said that this puts his provisions in doubt until he repents to Allah so that he may be forgiven. It is for this reason that if a person obtains a certificate in this manner (and we seek refuge in Allah from this) Allah destroys the blessings in his wealth and therefore you find that he has a lot of wealth but there is no blessing in it. If he were to repent to Allah then Allah may forgive him but he must rectify himself from his current condition.

4 Collected by Muslim

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The Sixth Advice

:تعظيم شعائر اهلل

فإن الطالب في االختبارات ربما يرمون األوراق ، أو يقطعون أوراق المصاحف ، فينبغي .التناصح في هذا األمر ، ال يجوز امتهان كتاب اهلل ، وال تمزيق أوراق المصحف

وكذلك ال يجوز امتهانها بوضعها في الطرقات والوطء عليها باألقدام ، ولذلك يخشى على

اإلنسان إذا رمى بورقة فاستخف بها فوطئ عليها أحد أن يكون عليه وزره ؛ ألنه هو السبب ، .والتسبب في األشياء يوجب ضمانها وما نشأ عنها

To exalt and magnify the symbols of Allah: Verily, students during exam period may throw away papers or tear pages from the Quran. If this is so, then a sincere advice regarding this matter is needed. It is not permissible to mistreat the book of Allah, nor tear any pages from it. It is also not permissible to mistreat the Quran by placing it on the paths lest people stand on them. For this reason it is feared for a person that if he throws a page away and it is trodden on, he will incur the burden upon himself as he was the cause behind it, and being the cause behind something necessitates its compensation and what arises from it.

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The Seventh Advice

:ليعتن الطالب بالحقوق الواجبة عليه، ومنها حقوق النفس فبعض الطالب يسهر ويحمل النفس ما ال تطيق، فتجده يسهر إلى ساعات متأخرة من الليل،

عليه -فربما تفوته صالة الفجر، وكذلك أيضا ربما يصاب بمرض أو يضني جسمه، فقد قال (إن المنبت ال ظهرا أبقى وال أرضا قطع) -الصالة والسالم

ق يجعل وقتا لنومه، ووقتا لراحته، ووقتا الستجمامه، فطالب العلم الموف ". إن لنفسك عليك حقا "

ووقتا لمذاكرته ومراجعته، فإذا أعطى النفس حقوقها؛ فإنها بإذن اهلل تستجيب له وتعينه على .الخير الذي يطلبه

The student must take care of certain rights which are obligatory upon him, and from them are rights he must give to himself: Some students stay up late in the night and burden themselves with that which they cannot bear. You find that they stay up late in the night and this possibly results in them missing the Fajr prayer, and also perhaps leads to an illness or the weakening of the body. The Prophet (pbuh) said: “The one who has exhausted his animal whilst on a journey has no animal left to ride nor has he completed his journey".5 “Indeed your body has a right over you”. 6 The student of knowledge who has been blessed makes time for sleep, time for rest, time for recreation, and time for study and revision. If he gives his body its rights, then it will, by the permission of Allah, respond to him and assist him in the good he seeks.

5 Collected by al-Bazzar, al-Hakim, al-Bayhaqi and others. The meaning of the hadeeth has been

supported by other ahadeeth but the chain of this hadeeth has been weakened by many scholars such as al-Bukhari, ad-Daraqutni and others. 6 These are the words of Salman al-Farisi collected by al-Bukhari in his saheeh.

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The Eighth Advice

:المحافظة على ذكر اهلل

:اإلنسان كلما عظم عليه الهم والغم ؛ جعل اهلل تفريج الهم والغم مقرونا بذكره ؛ فقال

.فواهلل، ال تزال القلوب في قلق وهم ونكد ونصب وتعب إال إذا ذكرت ربها

من ذكر اهلل ؛ ذكره ، ومن ذكره اهلل فال تخشى عليه الضيعة ، وال تخشى عليه الفوات ، وهو

أمره إلى حسن العاقبة وحسن المآل

بعض الطالب في الصلوات، فيتأخر عن الصالة مع الجماعة، وال يأتيها إال عن دبر، يقصر

وكذلك أيضا ربما إذا فرغ من الصالة قام على عجالة، فال يذكر اهلل، وال يحافظ على السنة، .بالعكس أشد ما تكون حاجة في مواطن الكرب

Maintaining the remembrance of Allah: Whenever a person increases in distress and sadness, this distress and sadness is only removed by Allah according to his remembrance of Allah.

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Allah said; “Verily in the remembrance of Allah do hearts find rest”.7 By Allah, the hearts will remain in worry, distress, unhappiness, fatigue and exhaustion until it remembers its Lord. Whoever remembers Allah, Allah remembers him. The one who Allah remembers will never be lost, and he will have a good ending and the best abode. Allāh said: “No doubt! Verily, the friends of Allah, no fear shall come upon them nor shall they grieve. Those who believed and used to fear Allah much”.8 Some of the students become deficient in their prayers. They delay going to the congregation prayers and do not arrive except when it is in its final stage. They also hasten to leave immediately after the prayers, thus they do not remember Allah and do not preserve the Sunnah. On the contrary, they are in more need of this (preservation of Sunnah) in times of difficulty.

7 Surah ar-Ra’d [13:28]

8 Surah Yunus [10:62-63]

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The Ninth Advice

ن : بعد االختبار كن راضيا عن اهلل ، إن جاءت يسيرة فقل الحمد هلل الفضل والمنة هلل ، وا ، وهذه مهمة جدا ، فبعض الناس إذا نقص له ...جاءت عسيرة فقل الحمد هلل ما شاء اهلل كان

.شيء في االختبار أقام لها الدنيا وسب وشتم وسخط على القضاء والقدر

.لربما أن اهلل علم أنك لو أخذت االمتياز لتضررت وأصابتك عين ؛ فكن راضيا

After the exams: Always be pleased with Allah. If it was easy then say; ‘Glory be to Allah, for Him are all virtues and favours’. And if it was difficult then say; ‘Glory be to Allah, whatever Allah wills happens...’ This is very important because some people insult and become discontent with the decree of Allah if they fall short in their exams. It is possible that Allah decreed this because He knows that if you were to pass with the highest of grades, then this would have harmed you and you may have been afflicted with the evil eye, so always be content.

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The Tenth Advice

وال أن تكون من العشرة األوائل ؛ بل ينتظرون( ممتاز)الناس ال ينتظرون منك .. يا طالب العلم :منك أمرين

ذا وفقك اهلل . أ دينك واستقامتك وما تنطوي عليه من الخلق واألدب الذي يترجم به إسالمك ، وا

. لهذا فأنت المقدم ولو كنت آخر القوم علمك وضبطك ؛ فلو جئت في آخر النتائج وأنت ضابط لما تقول فأنت المقدم وسيرفعك اهلل . ب

ولو بعد حين.

.همك ، بل احرص على االستقامة والخلق والعلم والضبط فال تجعل الدنيا أكبر

O student of knowledge... The people are not expecting you to receive the highest grade nor are they expecting you to be from the top ten. Rather they are waiting upon two matters: a) Your religion, steadfastness and that which it encompasses

from good etiquettes and morals, that which your Islam is explained through. If Allah blesses you with this then you will be from the forefront even if it happened that you were last in your exams.

b) Your knowledge and precision. If it happened that you got the lowest grade but you are precise in what you say then you will be at the front and Allah will raise you even if it is after some time.

So do not make this world your main concern. Rather strive in being steadfast and in having good etiquettes, knowledge and precision.

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The Eleventh Advice

وصية لآلباء

أوصي اآلباء أن يتقوا اهلل في األبناء والبنات ، فإن أيام االختبار أيام عصيبة يكون فيها الطالب عانتهم وتيسير األمور لهم ، وتقوية صلتهم في هم وغم فينبغي الرفق بهم والتوسعة عليهم ، وا

.باهلل وينبغي القيام بالواجب والمسؤولية ، بعض اآلباء ال يهمه أن يضبط ابنه العلم أو ال يضبطه ،

واهلل سائله عن ضبط ابنه للعلم ؛ ألن تعلم االبن ومعرفته بأمور دينه وما يتصل بها من األمور .ح لولدكالتي يحتاجها لحياته أمر مطلوب ،وهذا من النص

Advice to the fathers: I advise the fathers to fear Allah in regards to their sons and daughters. Indeed the days of exams are difficult and the students may be in a state of distress and sadness so it is required from you to be gentle and lenient with them, to assist them, ease their affairs and strengthen their relationship with Allah. You must fulfil what is obligatory upon you and fulfil your responsibilities. Some fathers do not give priority whether their children gain knowledge or not and Allah will question them regarding the precision of their sons knowledge. This is because instilling religious cognisance in ones child about the affairs of his religion, including those that he requires for his life is desired. This is one of the forms of your sincerity to your child.

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The Twelfth Advice

وصية للمعلمين

أسأل اهلل العظيم أن يشكر سعيكم ، وأن يعظم أجركم ، وأن يجزيكم : من ابتاله اهلل بالتدريس المعلم من كلمات طيبة ،وال يعلم مقدار ما يبذله على أبناء المسلمين كل خير ، فنعم ما يصنعه

.المعلم والموجه لمن يعلمه إال اهلل

حسان الظن بهم ، وعدم التشويش عليهم ، وعدم التضييق عليهم ؛ فإن النبي الرفق بالطالب ، وا اللهم من ولي من أمور أمتي شيئا فرفق بهم فاللهم ارفق به ، ومن): صلى اهلل عليه وسلم قال

.(ولي من أمور أمتي شيئا فشق عليهم فاللهم اشقق عليه

بعض المدرسين يأتي بأسئلة تعجيزية ، وبعضهم يحاول أن يضيق على الطالب ، وكأن (الضرر والضرار)االختبار شيء من المنافسة واألذية واإلضرار ، وهذا اليجوز

الذي يأتيك موتر األعصاب شارد الذهن رفقا رفقا بأبناء المسلمين ، ولنتق اهلل في هذا االبن

مهموما مغموما مكروبا ، ولربما يسهر ليله ويتعب نفسه ، فينبغي الرفق بمثل هؤالء خاصة وأنهم .ذرية ضعيفة ، فإن اهلل سمى األطفال خاصة صغار السن سماهم ذرية ضعيفة

Advice to the teachers:

To those who Allah tests with teaching the people, I ask Allah, the Most Great to thank you for your endeavours, to magnify your reward and to reward you with every good for what you are doing for the Muslim children. It is amazing what the teachers are doing from their good and beneficial words and no one knows what the teachers are giving and what they will receive for it except Allah.

Being kind to the students, having good thoughts of them, not confusing them and not making things difficult on them are all necessary for the Prophet (pbuh) said; “O Allah, whoever has

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been given authority over the affairs of my people and is gentle with them, then be gentle with them, and whoever has been given authority over the affairs of my people and makes things difficult on them, then make things difficult on them”.9 Some of the teachers produce very difficult questions trying to make things really difficult upon the students, as if the exam is some sort of competition which contains harm and pain. This is not permissible because the Prophet (pbuh) said; “There is not to be any causing of harm nor is there to be any reciprocating of harm”.10 Kindness, kindness to the Muslim children. We must fear Allah with regards to the child who comes to you in a state of nervousness, absentminded, distressed, worried and troubled. He may have stayed up the entire night and exhausted himself, so it is upon you to be especially gentle with these types of people because they are weak children. Indeed Allah called those children small in age weak children.

9 Collected by Muslim

10 Collected by Ibn Majah, ad-Daraqutni and others

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The Thirteenth Advice

بعض المعلمين إذا رأى التقصير من الطالب سبه وشتمه . وأيضا عدم سبهم وشتمهم واحتقارهم وأهانه بل ربما ضيق عليه ، ربما يخرج هذا الطالب بهم وغم يبقى معه دهره كله ، ولربما

.وهذا ال يجوزيصاب بمرض في نفسه أو في عقله ،

ذا كنت في المدرسة ورأيت من يشدد فذكره باهلل وذكره أن حوله بحول اهلل وأن قوته بقوة اهلل ، وا .واهلل يرحم من عباده الرحماء

أيضا الشدة المبالغ فيها تنفير ولو كان المعلم يدرس أفضل العلوم ، ولربما يكره بعض الطالب

لصغرهم وجهلهم بسبب األذية واإلضرار ، ينبغي تهيئة مايعين الطالب -والعياذ باهلل-كتاب اهلل .على بلوغ هذه الغايات الطيبة

Also they (students) should not be insulted, cursed or scorned at. If some teachers see a deficiency in a student, they insult him, curse him, belittle him, and sometimes they make things difficult on him. It is possible that this could cause distress and sadness to the student and could possibly remain with him for his entire life. This could also afflict him with certain illnesses relating to his body and mind. This (form of scorning) is not permissible. If you are in the school and you see someone being harsh then remind him about Allah, remind him that his power is from Allah and his strength is from Allah, and that Allah is merciful to those who show mercy. Also, excessive harshness could drive away students, even if the teacher is imparting knowledge regarding the greatest of subjects. It is even possible that some students begin to dislike the book of Allah (and we seek refuge in Allah from this) due to their young age and ignorance because of the harm and pain that was caused

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(by this scorning). It is compulsory that we prepare that which will aid the students to reach this pleasant objective.

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The Fourteenth Advice

؛ فإفشاء األسرار أو تنبيه (إيمان لمن ال أمانة له وال)أسئلة االختبار أمانة في أعناقكم ، الطالب على مواضع األسئلة أو السكوت على الغشاشين ذنب كبير وشر مستطير ؛ يخرج

. لألمة من يتسمى بالعلم غشا وزورا ، فتحمل بين يدي اهلل إثمه

The exam questions are a trust that you have on your necks. The Prophet (pbuh) said, “There is no Eemaan for the one who has no trust”.11 Revealing the secrets, or informing the students about the questions or remaining silent when someone cheats is a grave sin and a great evil. People will come out from this ummah and knowledge will be attributed to them when in reality they are cheaters and those who have done evil, and you will hold the burden when you are in front of Allah.

11 Collected by Ahmad

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The Fifteenth Advice

وأعطوا كل ذي حق حقه وزنوا بالعدل ، وأحسنوا درجات االختبار أمانة ؛ فاتقوا اهلل في طالبكم .فإن اهلل يحب المحسنين

نعم ، ال نسوي بين الخامل وبين المجد ، يستطيع المدرس الموفق الناجح أن يعطي كل ذي حق

.حقه، لكن بطريقة ليس فيها إضرار

The exam results are a trust, so fear Allah with regards to your students, give everyone their rights, be just and do good, for indeed Allah loves the good doers. Yes, we do not make equal the lazy and the hardworking. It is possible for the blessed and successful teacher to give everyone their due rights, and this must be done in a manner whereby no harm is caused.

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The Sixteenth Advice

:امتحان الدنيا يذكر بامتحان اآلخرة

يوم تشخص فيه يدخل الطالب إلى االختبار وقد هيئت له األمور ، فكيف إذا قدم على اهلل في األبصار ؟

يا للعجب أن تجد اآلباء واألمهات مشفقين على األبناء والبنات وهم يذهبون إلى االختبارات

!واألكف ترفع بالدعوات وال يبالي األب بابنه حينما يصير إلى اهلل في االمتحان األكبر

من منا سأل اهلل لنفسه وأوالده أن يجيره اهلل من عذاب اآلخرة ؟ إن االمتحان كل االمتحان في اآلخرة ، هنا إذا لم ينجح ينجح في دور ثان ، ولكن هناك إذا ف

. فرق بين األب وابنه فراقا ال لقاء بعده أبدا فريق في الجنة وفريق في السعير

The exam of this world reminds us of the exam of the hereafter: The student enters the exam and many different things have been prepared for him. So how will he be when he meets Allah on the day when the eyes will stare in horror? It is strange that we find fathers and mothers who care about their sons and daughters taking them to the exams and their hands are raised supplicating (to Allah) yet they do not care about those same children in regards to what state they will meet Allah for the greatest exam! Who from us asks Allah for himself and his children to be saved from the punishment of the hereafter?

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For indeed the greatest test is the test of the hereafter. In this world, if an individual does not succeed (in an exam), perhaps he may do the second time round. However, in the hereafter if the father and his child are separated, then there will be no meeting for them after this separation for eternity, for indeed a group will be in paradise, and a group will be in the hellfire.

.لمنسأل اهلل أن ييسر على أبناء المسلمين ويكتب لهم التوفيق والنجاح ، واهلل أع

We ask Allah that he eases the affairs of the Muslim children and He writes for them guidance and success. And Allah knows best.

محمد بن .مفرغة ومجموعة ومهذبة من أربعة أجوبة صوتية متفرقة مع خطبة لمعالي الشيخ د بالمسجد النبوي وعضو هيئة كبار العلماءالمدرس -محمد المختار الشنقيطي

Uploaded, compiled and summarised from four different audio recordings to four questions in addition to a sermon delivered by the great Sheikh, Doctor Muhammad bin Muhammad al-Mukhtar ash-Shinqiti – teacher at the Prophets Mosque and a member of the committee of major scholars.