sixth international egov conference 2007 september 3-7, 2007 regensburg, germany framework for...
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September 3-7, 2007Regensburg, Germany
Sixth International EGOV Conference 2007
Framework for Integration of e-Government Services
on a Semantic Basis
Karol Furdik, Tomas Sabol, Peter [email protected], {Tomas.Sabol, Peter.Bednar}@tuke.sk
Technical University of Kosice, Letna 9, 042 00 Kosice, SlovakiaInterSoft, a.s., Florianska 19, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 2
Contents
• Motivation: Interoperability of e-Government services• Access-eGov project• Access-eGov system description
• Data structure• System ontologies• Architecture and functionality• Technology used
• Annotation of governmental services• Web interface of the Annotation tool• Example of annotated service - WSML representation
• Current status, lessons learned• Conclusions and future work
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 3
Motivation: Interoperability & Accessability
• Status quo: • eGov services are difficult to find;• Individual e-services are disconnected, not interoperable;• Users (citizens/businesses) have to find several services,
going then from one to another.
• Project goals:• To improve accessibility and connectivity of gov services
for users; Finding relevant governmental services
• To simplify the use of services for users Creating a integrated hybrid scenario by combining relevant
atomic services Providing guidance to users while implementing the scenario
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 4
Access-eGov project: Basic facts
Full title: Access to e-Government Services Employing Semantic Technologies
• Starting date: January 1st, 2006• Duration: 36 months• EC Funding: 1.983.000 €• Total Budget: 2.279.243 €• Contract No.: FP6-2004-27020• Consortium: 11 partners, 5 countries (SK, PL, D, GR, Egypt)• Coordinated by the Technical University of Kosice, Slovakia
Main goal: To develop and validate a platform for composition of gov services into complex process definitions (life events) enabling semantic interoperability of particular eGov services.
• More on: www.accessegov.org
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 5
Access-eGov project: Pilot applications
• Slovakia: Land-use planning and processing a request for a building permit.
• Poland: Establishing an enterprise - the process of company registration.
• Germany: An upgrade and field test based on the existing good practice “Zustaendigkeitsfinder” ("Responsibility Finder"), by introducing a semantic layer (securing semantic interoperability between national and local governments). Use-case: Getting married.
• Egypt (German University of Cairo): Usability testing from outside EU.
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 6
Access-eGov system: Components
• Integration of both traditional (face-to-face)and electronic government services by means of their semantic description and annotation.
• Components: • Reference ontology - basic domain knowledge and processes for
locating and contracting e-Government services;• Rule-based editorial component to insert a semantic mark-up to e-
Government applications by public administrations;• Client tools (agents) for finding and brokering information
according to semantic requirements;• A platform for composition of governmental services into complex
process definitions (covering life events/business episodes) enabling semantic interoperability of particular services;
• A distributed security infrastructure providing multiple security services for authenticating users and protection of data.
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 7
Access-eGov system: Concepts
Basic concepts for modelling the governmental services:• Life event - specific situation in the life of citizen (or in a life cycle of
an organisation) requiring a set of governmental services.• Goal - a formalisation of user needs, i. e. the objectives the user may
have when consulting a service; expressed by requested inputs, outputs, and effects.
• Service - an atomic activity provided by a public administration. It can be either electronic or traditional.
• Service profile specifies the „content" of the service, i. e. what the service provides for users. Formally - a logical expression consisting of terms that constrain type and property values of various resources required for or provided by the services.
• Composed service - a recursive structure of elementary services. It is specified by logical sequences, if-then-else branching, and iterations - enables to define complex operations and looping execution in a workflow scenario.
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 8
Access-eGov system: Data structure
PROPERTIES
Non-functionalproperties
Goal Life Event
Functional properties
Scenario Process
checks
maps
defines
invokes
has properties
requiresconstrains
User Profile
constrains
consists of
has scenario
is resolved to
Composed Service(Generic Scenario)
ServiceREPOSITORY OF ONTOLOGIES
Security Scheme
Mediator
Domain Ontology
Life Events Ontology
Service Profiles Ontology
Structural correlations between the concepts:
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 9
System ontologies
Ontologies - a repository of data structures and a knowledge base for semantic description of the identified concepts:
• Life events ontology contains semantic descriptions of possible life events, including its goals and generic scenarios.
• Service profiles ontology describes the elementary services by means of functional and non-functional properties for particular service. It contains information on fees, forms, input and output artefacts, responsibility for the service, availability (e.g. opening hours of the office), address and contact information, and physical accessibility constraints.
• Domain ontology is used to represent all the relevant information related to the domain of government, including e-Government concepts. It covers such non-functional properties as general and organisational structure of public administration, concepts describing quality of service, security or trust, as well as concepts related to user management and profiling.
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 10
Example: Service profiles ontologywsmlVariant _"http://www.wsmo.org/wsml/wsml-syntax/wsml-dl"namespace { _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontologies#", dc _"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", wsmostudio _"http://www.wsmostudio.org#" }
ontology webservicenfp nonFunctionalProperties wsmostudio#version hasValue "0.5.4" endNonFunctionalProperties
concept webServiceNFP dc#language ofType (1 1) _string //GE-PL-SK dc#title ofType (1 1) _string //name of the service dc#description ofType (0 1) _string dc#relation ofType (0 *) link // any related web dc#rights ofType (0 *) link // law reference responsibleDepartment ofType (1 1) department responsibleOfficial ofType (0 *) person_office avgTimeToDelivery ofType (0 1) _string maxTimeToDelivery ofType (0 1) _string serviceHours ofType (0 1) _string relatedService ofType (0 *) iri serviceAccessibility ofType (0 *) accessibility
concept link hlink ofType (1 1) _string //url dc#title ofType (1 1) _string dc#description ofType (0 1) _string type ofType (0 1) _string //always HTTP
concept iri irilink ofType (1 1) _iri dc#title ofType (1 1) _string //service name dc#description ofType (0 1) _string
concept departmentdc#identifier ofType (0 1 ) _stringdc#title ofType (1 1) _string //name of departmentdc#description ofType (0 1) _stringspatialResponsibility ofType (0 1) _stringcontactInformation ofType (1 1) contact_officeadditionalData ofType link (0 *)
concept contact_officestreet ofType (1 1)_stringstreetNo ofType (1 1)_stringcity ofType (1 1)_stringstate ofType (0 1)_stringzipCode ofType (1 1)_stringcountry ofType (1 1)_stringemail ofType (0 1) _string phone ofType (0 1) _string cell ofType (0 1) _string fax ofType (0 1) _string web ofType (0 1) _string
concept person_officefirstName ofType (1 1) _stringlastName ofType (1 1) _stringtitle ofType (0 1) _string roleInDepartment ofType (0 1) _stringroleInService ofType (0 1) _stringavailabilityForService ofType (0 1) _stringroomNo ofType (0 1) _stringemail ofType (0 1) _string cell ofType (0 1) _string phone ofType (0 1) _string fax ofType (0 1) _string
concept accessibility wheelchairAccessible ofType (0 1) _boolean walkwayContoursAvailable ofType (0 1) _boolean webAccessibilityLevel ofType (0 1) _string printedText ofType (0 1) _boolean electronicText ofType (0 1) _boolean braileCodeOutput ofType (0 1) _boolean audioNavigation ofType (0 1) _boolean
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 11
Access-eGov system: Architecture
Infrastructure components
Discovery Composition Execution
Core components
Data repositories
Security schemerepository
Repository ofontologies
User clients
PersonalAssistant tool
Other servicerequester
Services
Electronicservices
(web / e-forms)
Traditionalservices
Mediation
Administration and management tools
Annotation services
Scenario modelrepository
Web Services + Service-oriented peer-to-peer architecture
Three major component groups:• The Access-eGov infrastructure itself; • User clients - Personal Assistant tool and other end-user interfaces; • Administration and management tools (e.g. Annotation service component).
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 12
Access-eGov system: Structural view
AeG P2P Node
AeG P2P SNode
Core components
Composition ExecutionDiscovery
Mediation
Core components
Discovery Mediation
Personal Assistanttool
Annotationservices (optional)
Annotationservices (optional)
Electronic / Webservice B
P2P networkservice protocols(SOAP/ XML e-forms)
SOAP/HTTP(S)
SOAP/HTTP(S) Data repositories
Data repositories
"Traditional"service B
Organisation C
Organisation B
Organisation A
Annotationservices (optional)
SOAP/HTTP(S)
"Traditional"service C
User level System level Services level
Full installation of AeG P2P node: annotation + interface for citizens
Limited installation of AeG P2P node: annotation of services
No AeG P2P node installed: external annotation of services
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 13
Technology used
Implementation platform:
• WSMO (Web Service Modelling Ontology, www.wsmo.org) - conceptual model for the description of ontologies, Semantic Web services, goals, and mediators.
• WSMX execution environment - discovery, selection, mediation, and invocation of Semantic Web services.
• WSML language - formal description of the WSMO elements.
• Java programming language; WSMO4j data model.
• Java web technologies: JSF, JSP, Apache Tomcat, Lucene, ...
• Peer-to-peer engine: JXTA connectivity framework
• Web services: JAX-WS
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 14
Web interface for semantic annotationhttp://www.accessegov.org/acegov/semmark/
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 15
Service properties (1/2)
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 16
Service properties (2/2)
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 17
Service annotation: WSML outputnamespace { _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#”,
dc _"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1#" }
webService _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology/ws"
nonFunctionalProperties
dc#title hasValue "Register for marriage"
dc#language hasValue "de"
responsibleDepartment hasValue RegOfPloen
maxTimeToDelivery hasValue ""
dc#identifier hasValue "5E75F650-FDDF-B873-BA62-D3A57AEF743C"
dc#description hasValue "Before being allowed to get married, each
couple has to register at the register office at one of their places
of residence."
serviceHours hasValue "daily 8-12 and 14-16"
avgTimeToDelivery hasValue ""
responsibleOfficial hasValue Head_RegOfPloen
serviceAccessibility hasValue Access_full
dc#creator hasValue "AeG Semantic Markup application v.1.0"
endNonFunctionalProperties
ontology _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology"
instance _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#Access_full" memberOf _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#service_accessibility" _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#wheelchairAccessible" hasValue "on" _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#walkwayContoursAvailable" hasValue "on" _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#webAccessibilityLevel" hasValue "3" _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#printedText" hasValue "on" _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#electronicText" hasValue "on" _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#braileCodeOutput" hasValue "on" _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#audioNavigation" hasValue "on"
instance _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#RegOfPloen_Contact"
memberOf _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#contact_office"
_"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#street" hasValue "Burgstr."
_"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#street_no" hasValue "4"
_"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#city" hasValue "Ploen"
_"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#state" hasValue "Schleswig-
Holstein"
_"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#zip" hasValue "44444"
_"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#country" hasValue "Germany"
_"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#email" hasValue ""
_"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#phone" hasValue ""
_"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#cell" hasValue ""
_"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#fax" hasValue ""
_"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#web" hasValue "http://"
instance _"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#RegOfPloen" memberOf
_"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#department"
dc#identifier hasValue "RegOfPloen"
dc#title hasValue "Register office Ploen"
dc#description hasValue ""
_"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#spatial_responsibility"
hasValue "Ascheberg, Ploen, ..."
_"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#contact_information" hasValue
_"http://www.accessegov.org/ontology#RegOfPloen_Contact”
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 18
Access eGov WSMO extensions (1/2)
• workflow based orchestration and choreography model• similar to DIP-Cashew proposal• workflow consists of activity nodes - control nodes (fork,
join, decision), communication nodes (send, receive) and composition nodes (achieveGoal, invokeService)
• nodes are connected with control links which specify the execution order (it is possible to specify common workflow patterns with sequences, branches, cycles and parallel execution)
• dataflow is specified with the dataflow mediators assigned to nodes (similar to perform mediators proposed for WSMO orchestration)
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 19
Access eGov WSMO extensions (2/2)
• dataflow mediators• specify data dependencies between activity nodes• consist of rules in the form:
source {?variable} logexpr =>target {?variable} logexpr
where source and target denotes connected activity nodes and logical expressions and variables select data passed from the source to the target
• mediation rules allow to address variables in the capability axioms assigned to goals – dataflow mediators are used to “customize” generic goal for specific case
• dataflow mediators assigned to the achieveGoal or invokeService play the role of the WSMO goal-goal, goal-service and service-service mediators, i.e. resolve process and data heterogeneity between goals and services
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 20
Modeling of traditional services
customization
postconditions
preconditions
receive receive
achieveGoal achieveGoal receive
send
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 21
Current status, lessons learned
Current status:• System ontologies - developed in co-operation with user partners.• Annotation tool for sematic description of governmental services
implemented (version 2.0 almost finished).• Template mechanism - designed for description of functional properties
of services. WSML templates developed for composed services, goals, and life events.
• Personal Assistant client designed, first prototype will be released in September 2007.
Lessons learned:• Identification of relevant services, its properties and mutual
dependencies within the workflow seems to be the most critical issue. The methodology (incl. diagrams, questionnaires, step-by-step guidelines) was designed by GUC to support this process on the side of Public Administrations will be described in another presentation.
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 22
Conclusions and future work
Access-eGov system - designed as a modular framework for integration of existing electronic and traditional services provided by public administrations.
Future work:
• First prototype of the Access-eGov system: To finish the implementation of the core Access-eGov system, esp. data repositories and Personal Assistant client. (09/2007)
• Pilot applications: To develop and customize the system for particular pilot applications. (10/2007)
• Testing, evaluation of the first trial (12/2007)
K.Furdik, T.Sabol, P.Bednar: Framework for Integration of e-Government Services on a Semantic BasisSixth International EGOV Conference 2007. Regensburg, Germany. September 3-7, 2007 page: 23
Thank you for your attention!
www.accessegov.org
Questions?