MONDAY. NOVEMBER 12. 1956

November 12~3~4, 1956

The Broadmoor, Colorado Springs, Colo.

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Sixty-Seventh Annual Meeting

Association of American Medical Colleges

Noming of Nominating Committee....

Introduction of New Deons .

Report to Members from President ..

Highlights of the Teaching Institute on the Evaluation of the Student

Presentation of the Borden Award in the Medical Sciences

iIPresident Robert A. Moore presiding)

TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1956

(President Robert A. Moore presiding)

Business Meeting of the Association

Roll Call .

Approval of Minutes of the 66th Annual Meeting

Executive Council Actions..

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Report of the Secretary and Editor-Decn F. Smifey

Report of the Treasurer-Stockton Kimball ..

Joint Report of the Director of the Medical Audio-Visual Institute-J. Edwin Foster

and Chairman of Audio-Visual Education Committee-Walter Bloedorn

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REPORTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF COMMITTEES

Continuation Education-James W. Colbert, Jr.

Financing Medical Education-Joseph C. Hinsey

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Veterans Administration-}.1edical School Relationships-Joseph M. Hayman Jr.

Foreign Medical Educators . page 80

Experiments in Medical Education. . . .. . page 80

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International Relations in Medical Education-Richard H. Young

Internships and Residencies-E. Hugh Luckey.....

Licensure Problems--J. Murray KinJman

Medical Care Plans-John F. Sheehan. .

Subcommittee on MEND-Sfanley W. Olson . . .. ...

Public Information-John L. Caughey.

Educational Research and Services-George Packer Berry

Changes in Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws

Election of Officers.....

Time and Place of 68th Annual Meeting

Film Program..

Executive Council Actions

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Minutes of the 67th Annual Meeting

of the Council and hence must, until ameeting of the Council, stand as theopinion of the chairman only.

1. Appointment of an Executive Direc­tor: By far the most significant develop­ment of the past year was the creation ofthe office of executive director and theacceptance of the position by Dr. WardDarley as of January 1, 1957.

For some time the Council has beenconcerned with the fact that our secre­tary, Dr. Dean F. Smiley, will retire onage in a few years and that the functionsof the central office have increasedgreatly. Under the leadership of Dr.Lippard, president in 1954-55, the entireproblem was reviewed and a specialcommittee (Dr. Coggeshall, Dr. Lippardand Dr. Moore) appomted to seek outthe most able man for the new post ofexecutive director and secure his accept­ance promptly so there would be anoverlap before Dr. Smiley's retirement.The Association is indeed fortunate thata former president, Dr. Darley, has ac­cepted.

The establishment of the office ofexecutive director in no way influencesthe fundamental nature of the Associa­tion as a membership group with elec­ted officers and an elected executivecouncil. At the suggestion of Dr. Darley,the duties of the executive director havebeen outlmed as those of the "executiveofficer" of a cOl-poration. The councilbecomes the "board of directors" to dis­cuss and establish poliCies with a presi­dent elected by the full membership asthe senior officer of the corporatIOn act­ing as chairman of the elected councIl.

2. Increasing Recogmhon of MedicalEducation as a National Resource: Dur­mg the postwar years there has beenfuller and fuller acceptance of medicalresearch as a national resource withbroad pnvate and governmental sup­port. In the past few years this accept­ance has been mcreasingly extended tomedical educatIon. In 1956, three im­portant national policy documents havementioned the need for support of un­dergraduate medical education - thePresident's State of the Union message,the Republican Platform, and the Demo­cratic Platform. During this same year, a

The nominating committee was namedby President Robert A. Moore as fol­lows: Dr. Stanley E. Dorst, chairman;Dr. Robert C. Berson; Dr. Coy C. Car­penter; Dr. Windsor C. Cuttmg; Dr.John McK. Mitchel!; Dr. Norman B.Nelson; Dr. John D. Van Nuys.

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..s:: REPORT TO THE MEMBERSaFROM THE PRESIDENT

o ROBERT A. MOORE, President:<t1 In order that the members may have1:! information concerning the business of<l) the Association in advance of the annuala meeting in Colorado Springs on Novem­8 bel' 12, 13 and 14, this report is made ono the more important topics.Q The report is not meant to replace the

reports of the committees and of thestaff of the Association but rather tosketch in broad strokes the problems andprograms of the Association in terms ofphilosophy and trends. The report hasnot been reviewed by the other members

INTRODUCTION OF NEW DEANS::::2 The following new deans were intro-i2 duced:a Ben Eiseman, University of Colorado\-; School of Medicine (acting dean);8, Arthur P. Richardson, Emory Univer­...... sity School of Medicine; Charles S.§ Cameron, Hahnemann Medical College;

..s:: Wilfred W. Westerfeld, SUNY, Syracuset:: (acting dean); John B. Truslow, Uni­i$ versity of Texas School of Medicine,

1$ Galveston (director of medical centerU and dean of medicine); John W. Patter­

..§ son, University of British Columbiao Faculty of Medicine; William R. Wil­a lard, University of Kentucky School. ofe Medicine; William F. Maloney, Medical<l) College of Virginia (February I, 1957).

.D New vice presidents or presidents:.8 R. Blackwell Smith Jr., president,...... Medleal College of Virginia; Melvin

Zo Casberg, vice president in charge ofmedical affairs, University of Texas,Galveston; Herbert Eugene Longeneck-

~u er, vice president in charge of the Chi­

cago Professional Col!eges, Universityof Illinois.

Apply M.S.

Although there may be some dIf­ference of opinion on whether or not theincrease in schools and in enrollmentmeets or will meet the national need.there is clear evidence medical educa­tion is responding rapidly to the needIt is equally important that we do notoutrun the supply of worthy and ablepremedical students.

Some figures on the number of per­sons granted a bachelor's degree, thenumber and per cent applying to medi­cal school, and projections of these fig­ures are pertinent to this problem andother future problems of the medicalschools: (See below).

4. Increasing Private Support ofOperations of Medical Schools: Therehave been many developments in thepast few years pointing to an awarenessand a meeting of the needs for preserv­ing and improving the high quality ofmedical education in this country.

The National Fund for Medical EduCJ­tion under its sympathetic and under­standing president, Sloan Colt, chairmanof the Board of the Bankers Trust Com­pany and its able executive vice presI­dent, Chase Mellon, have been an In­

creasing tower of strength. Beginning In

1957, not only will the Fund have avail­able the gifts of corporatIons, but thecontribution of the Ford Foundation of$10,000,000 will be added over a periodof years, according to a formula. Al­though the American Medical Educa­tion Foundation has decided to make itsown distributions, the Board of theFoundation believe they can raise moremoney for the schc;>ols under the newplan than the old.

In December 1955 the National Fundarranged for a conference on IndustrialMedicine in Pittsburgh. This brought to­gether for mutual benefit and under­standing corporation executives, corpor­ation medical directors, deans of medicalschools and teachers of industrial medl-

15,68121,837

24,18933,687

Projected to apply

if 7.42% if 4.81 %

if 7.42% if 4.81 %9.046.36

5.145.49

Percent

22,279

14,938

Number

12,74011,854

Bachelors degree

Year Actual Projected

1935 140,9031940 186,5001945 131,0251950 433,7341955 272,0001960 326,0001965 454,000

Minutes of the 67th Annual Meeting

dean of a medical school, Dr. Coggeshall,has served with distinction as SpecialAssistant for Health to the Secretaryof Health, Education and Welfare. Medi­cal Education Week in 1956, sponsoredby the Association WIth the NationalFund for Medical Education, the Ameri­can Medical Association, the Woman'sAuxilfary of the AMA., and the StudentAMA had the usual growing pains of anew venture. A good majority of deansindIcated they approved the generalidea, and your Councll has thereforevoted to join again with the others as asponsor for a second Medical EducationWeek in April 1957. The orientation willbe entirely educational, and not directlyfund raising. Your Council believes thatwith this objective, a Medical EducationWeek can be a powerful instrument tobring increasing moral and materialsupport to medIcal education at both thelocal and national level.

3. Increasing Number of MedicalSchools: As we in the schools hope therewill be an increasing recognition ofmedical education as a national re­source, we in medical education and theuniversitIes have a reciprocal responsi­bility to meet the national needs. In thepast year there have been importantsteps 111 thIs direction.

a. Miami, in June 1956 graduatedthe first class in medicine.

b. Albert Einstein, in September1955 admitted the first class.

c. Florida and Seton Hall, in Sep­tember 1956 admitted the firstclass.

d. Mississippi and Missouri, for­merly two year schools, in1955-56 extended into the thirdyear and will graduate classesin 1957.

e. Kentucky was authorized toestablish a medical school.

f. Several other universities haveunder consideration establish­ment of a medical school.

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cine. The transactions were published asa supplement to the Journal of MEDI­CAL EDUCATION (March 1956 issue).

The magnificent gift of the FordFoundation of $90,000,000 to the privatemedical schools and the earmarking of

::: it as endowment for support of faculty9rJ) will make a significant contribution torJ) one of our greatest needs-adequate sal­§ aries for academic staff.(1) The announced policy of the Com­o.. monwealth Fund to make substantial"5 grants to selected schools, and the grantso of the Macy Foundation to strengthen a'B few departments of obstetrics andi$ gynecology, are important developments

'"d to add to the long standing support of~ medical education by these and other;:l private foundations."8 A most significant emerging trend isI-; the recognition by the so called public15' foundations and health groups of a re­I-; sponsibility for education of research~ personnel as well as for the researcho itself. The American Cancer Society

...... appointed an ad hoc committee to reviewo this problem and its report was pub­Z lished recently as a supplement to the

Journal of MEDICAL EDUCATIONU (September 1956).

~There is every evidence that medical

education will continue as a partner­ship between private and governmental

(1) abencies, and that the essential nature of':5 high education in this country will be4-< preserved.~ 5. Attention to the Adequacy of th?::: Physical Plant of the Medical Schools:9 Although the bill in Congress for sup­t) port of construction of educational facil­~ ities of medical schools failed passage"0 In the last Congress, your Committee onU Financing Medical Education is optimis-~ tic for success in 1957. The Association...... owes a debt of gratitude to Dr. Josepha Hinsey and his Committee and particu­8 Iarly Dr. John Youmans and Dr. Harold

'+=i Diehl, for their devotion to the task of1:! informing the Congress of the needs. Dr.SYoumans, as president-elect, spent the;:l greater part of a month in Washington.u The bill for construction of research8 facilities did pass and allocations have

already been made. President Eisen­hower, when he signed the bill, issueda strong statement that this met only apart of the need. This is already appar­ent, since within a few months. the ap­plications number in the hundreds andthe requests for funds are far in excessof the appropriations for the first year.

Minutes Of the 67th An1ltlal Meeting

Administrative officers of medical schoolsare well represented on the NationalAdvisory Council for Health ResearchFacilities, which will function in relationto the Surgeon General as do the otherNational Advisory Councils.

6. Increasing Support of Medical Re­search: The conference report to theCongress on the appropriations for theNational Institutes of Health for FY'57constituted a resounding note of confi­dence by the American people 111 thestature and potentiality of medical re­search. The total was $182,807,000, ofwhich grants constituted $133,544,000,and in turn of which $89,697,000 wasfor research grants.

With increasing support there comesan increasing responsibility of the ad­ministrators of these funds in the schoolsand of faculty members serving on coun­cils and study sections of the U,S,P.H.S.to see that the funds are wisely andprudently spent! It would be better toallow reversion than to lose the confi­dence we have built up so carefullyover the years.

All those in medical research and edu­cation are grateful to Marion Folsom.Secretary of Health, Education, andWelfare and to his special assistant, Dr.Lowell T. Coggeshall, for their sympa­thetic understanding and support ofmedical research.

Of indirect interest to medical researchis the action of the Congress in estab­lishing as an independent agency nNational Medical Library by transferof the present Armed Forces MedicalLibrary. This new federal agency canwith adequate support become an evenbetter library for research than it hasbeen in the past.

At the same time, the public volun­tary foundations and health agenciesare continuing to grow in size and innumber and to support more and moreresearch in long cultivated fields andin new fields. A serious problem in thefuture for those in medicine and for theAmerican public is posed by the increasein number of health agencies collectingmoney, by the increasing categorizationof research, and by the relation of healthagencies to United Funds. It will re­quire astuteness and statesmanship toprevent fragmentation and isolation.

7. Renaissance of Interest in Teach­ing! With the vigorous leadership andvision of Dr. George Packer Berry, as

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chairman of our Committee on Educa­tional Research and Services, and thesupport of the preceding presidents, thenature of our meetmgs has changed.The Teacbing Institutes have focusedattention on the problems of teachingand have brought into the Associationfaculty members as participants andmembers; the Association now has over1500 IndivIdual Members.

The concepts of study and exper­iment long applied in research are nowbeing applied in medical education. Ourmeetings are scientific meetings witheducation as the topic instead of heartdisease or cancer as at other scientificmeetings. Twenty-seven titles were sub­mitted for the progr:'lm at ColoradoSprings, of which only 12 could be ac­cepted; the remaining 15 are to be "readby title."

And this resurgence of interest inteaching in each medical school whichcomes up to the meeting of the Asso­ciation, then goes back through thedeans and faculties to all the schools.

8. Increasing Prestige of the Journalof MEDICAL EDUCATION: Under theable chairmanship of Dr. John Z. Bow­ers, the Editorial Board and the editor,Dr. Dean F. Smiley have brought theJournal to a new position. For someyears a grant from the China MedicalBoard of New York has been availableto distribute the Journal 'to medicalschools in other countries. During thepresent year the Josiah Macy Jr. Foun­dation made a grant to the Chairmanof the Editorial Board for travel andother expenses to cultivate the interestand support of the Journal by the med­ical schools of other countries, particu­larly South America.

Increasingly other groups, with re­ports and monographs touching on med­ical education are turning to the Journalfor publication as a supplement! Thetransactions of the teaching instituteshave been handled in a similar manner.

It is trite to say that a journal is onlyas good as the papers in it, but thisneeds emphasis if we are to continuethe upward trend of prestige of ourJournal. Those in medical education,deans and faculty members, should seethat their best papers on education aresubmitted to the Journal.

9. Medical Education and National De­fense: Under the leadership of Dr. Stan­ley Olson, the inauguration of programsof Medical Education for National De-

fense has now been accomplished in 25schools and 34 more have indicated aninterest. With a full-time coordinator In

Washington, Dr. James R. Schofield,during most of the past year, real prog­ress has been made in integrating theseprograms into the teaching of medicalstudents and coordinating the contentwith the changing needs of national de­fense.

There is every indication as of nowthat the doctor draft law will be allowedto expire next year but it will be an­other year or two before the estimatedneeds of the Armed Forces will be metby the regular draft and the residencydeferment program. Dr. Frank Berryhas been understanding of the prob­lems of the deans and has invited rep­resentatives of the Association to at­tend two meetings in Washington dur­ing the past year and discuss problemsof draft and deferment.

10. Research by the Association: AL­though the Association lost John Stal­naker on July 1, 1955 to the NationalMerit Scholarships, the section on edu­cational research and services has beenreorganized and continued to rendera valuable service under the director­ship of Dr. Helen H. Gee.

It is pertinent and significant that$107,062.50 of the current budget of$311,850.00 is devoted to the sectionon educational research and services,exclusive of an additional $47,500 inspecial funds. The Association representsmedical education at the national leveland hence should emulate its componentparts-the schools-in giving strongsupport to research, both with its ownfunds and with grants.

If the future of science is in researchand experimentation, the future of edu­cation is even more in research andexperimentation. We must collect andanalyze the facts and observations ineducation just as we do in science.

11. Educational Council for ForeignMedical Graduates: The problem ofhow to hold to a single high standardof competence for those engaged inhealth care in the United States, and atthe same time preserve America as aland of opportunity, has been of concernto the State Boards, the A.M.A., theA.H.A. and the Association for someyears.

During the past year these discussionshave been concluded and a definitiveprogram agreed upon. A separate non-

profit group has been incorporated andthe Association has designated twomembers of the Board of Directors-Dr.J. Murray Kinsman and Dr. John McK.Mitchell. Dr. Kinsman is serving aspresident of the group. Grants for in­

S ltial support are being solicited and it isCil hoped operations can start soon.;!l It is expected that a screening ex­a amination can be developed which will~ select those who have adequate basico..ability, to be worthy of further train­"5 mg and consideration by individual state..8 boards for assimilation into the healtht:: resources of this country.i$ 12. Liaison With the American Med­

"'d ical Association: The Liaison Committee~ of the Association and of the Council;:l on Medical Education and Hospitals of

"8 the A.M.A. has, as usual, met three timesaduring the year-November, Februarye and June. Joint programs and interests(J) such as the survey of schools, postgrad­

.D uate education, etc. have continued ono a cooperative and mutually beneficial~ pattern. The Council has asked the As-

Zo sociation to cooperate with them in a

revision of the "Essentials of an Ap­U proved Medical School." The first draft

~of this revision has been made and willbe considered at the Colorado Springsmeeting.

In November 1955 the Board of Trus­~ tees of the A.M.A. invited representa­...... tives of the Association to join repre­<0 sentatives of the Council on Medicalrfl Education and Hospitals in drafting pre­SIiminary plans for the Second World.p Conference on Medical Education to be~ held in the United States in 1959. Sub­

:::::=: sequently the Trustees appointed the8 nominees of the Association to the per­(J) manent program committee under the

-:5 chairmanship of Dr. Victor Johnson.aThose so appointed are Dr. Darley, Dr.o Dorst, Dr. Lippard, Dr. Moore, Dr.

<t1 Smiley and Dr. Youmans. One of our...... representatives (Dr. Moore) was desig­~ nated as vice chairman.a In other areas the liaison and bilaf­8 eral actions have not been as close oro as effective. In July, on instruction of

Q the Executive Council, a statement (.four position on recent unilateral actionsof the House of Delegates of the A.M.A.was sent to all deans. At the same timethat we deplore unilateral actions ofthe A.M.A. which affect medical educa­tion, the Association must be in a posi­tion to discuss problems with others.

Mmutps of the 67th Annual Meeting

Bilateral action is a two-way streetwith traffic in both dIrections. Head-oncollisions can be avoided by mutual re­spect for the rights and responSIbilitiesof the other fellow.

13. The Building of the Association:Before the first of the year the Asso­ciation will join the ranks of the na­tional groups which occupy their owncentral office building. This has beenmade possible by generous grants fromthe China Medical Board of New Yorl,and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.These grants represent an expressionof confidence in the future of the Asso­ciation and its program. NorthwesternUniversity has been ver:r generous, too,in making available to the Associatio!1a fine site for its building. It is up tous to make this future what our friendsbelieve it to be. A program for dedica­tion of the building is being arrangedfor February 1957 on the Sunday after­noon before the Congress. It is hopedall deans will attend.

14. Financial Status of the Association:In July, in a statement on "The Serv­ices of the Association of American Med­ical Colleges" sent to all deans, the 1956­57 budget, and the assets and liabilitieswere reported. There has been no ma­terial change since then.

INSTITUTE HIGHLIGHTS

Monday morning's session featured"Reflections from the Teaching Instituteon the Evaluation of the Student-TheAppraisal of Applicants to MedicalSchools," which was held November7-10, immediately preceding the AnnualMeeting. Speakers and their subjectswere:

Dr. George Packer Berry, dean of theHarvard Medical School and chairmanof the AAMC's Committee on Educa­tional Research and Services-The As­sociation's Program of Teaching Insti­tutes; Dr. John T. Cowles, assistant forpersonnel services to the vice chancellorof the Schools of the Health Professionsand professor of psychology, Universityof Pittsburgh-Development of the 1956Institute of Appraisal of Applicants toMedical Schools; Dr. Robert J. Glaser,associate dean and assistant professorof clinical medicine, Washington Uni­versity School of Medicine-EvaluatingIntellectual Characteristics of the Appli­cant; Dr. Charles R. Strother, professorof clinical psychology, department of

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Minutes of the 67th Annual Meeting

psychiatry, University of WashingtonSchool of Medicine-Evaluating Non­Intellectual Characteristics of the Appli­cant; Dr. Carlyle F. Jacobsen, executivedean for medical education, State Uni­versity of New York-A Critical Look atthe Whole Admissions Process; Dr.John McK. Mitchell, dean of the Univer­sity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine-The Significance of the Institute froma Dean's Standpoint.

OPEN HEARINGS ON ANNUALREPORTS OF COMMITTEES

Open hearings on Annual Reports ofthe Association's standing committeeswere held Monday afternoon.

ROLL CALL

All institutional members were repre­Jented.

APPROVAL OF MINUTESOF 66TH ANNUAL. MEETING

The minutes of the 66th Annual Meet­ing, October 24-26, New Ocean House,Swampscott, Mass., were approved aspublished.

INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS

A total of 226 Individual Mem­bers were voted into the Association,bringing the number to 1544. Sixfirms became SL:staining Memb;:!rs dur­ing 1956. They are: Burroughs. Well­come & Co., ,Inc.; Ciba PharmaceuticalProducts, Inc.; Eli Lilly & Co.; Parke,Davis & Co.; G. D. Searle & Co., andChas. Pfizer & Co.

EXFCIITIVE COUNCIL ACTIONSAT NOVEMBER 8-9 MEETINGS

1. The Council approved the audi­tor's report on the finances of the Asso­ciation for the fiscal year July I, 1955through June 30, 1956. The total income

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BORDEN AWARD

Dr. Harry S. N. Greene, the AnthonyN. Brady professor of pathology at YaleUniversity School of Medicine, was pre­sented with the 1956 Borden Award In

the Medical Sciences. The award, con­sisting of a gold medal and $1,000, waspresented by John H. McCain, secretaryof the Borden Company Foundation,Inc. Dr. Joseph Markee, of Duke Umver.sity, and chairman of the Committee onthe Borden Award, made the nominatingaddress.

Dr. Greene's nomination was based onhis many contributions in the field ofoncology.

for the year was $385,077.32, the totaldisbursements $380,280.79. The reservesestimated as of June 30, 1957 will beapproximately $355,000.

2. The membership list was approvedas follows:Institutional Members

(4-year schools) 78Institutional MEmbers

(2-year schools) 4Institutional Members

(graduate school) 1Affiliate Institutional Members 12Individual Members 1544Sustaining Members 8

3. The 1957 Annual Meeting dateswere confirmed as follows: The Insti­tute-October 15-19; AnflUal Meeting­October 21-23 at the Chalfonte-HaddonHall, Atlantic City, N. J.

It was anticipated that the 1958 An­nual Meeting would be held at the NewOcean House, Swampscott, Mass., andthe 1959 Annual Meeting at the Edge­water Beach Hotel, Chicago.

4. The President was authorized toappoint a committee to draw up-a ques­tionnaire form which would be used in

assembling faculty salary data frommember schools.

5. The Council voted a contributionof $1,000 toward the financing of theSecond World Conference on MedicalEducation.

S 6. The Council unanimously approvedCil the AssociatIon's acting as one of the;!l co-sponsors of Medical Education Weeka to be held in April 1957. _~ 7. The plans for the dedicatIon of the0..Association~entralOffice Build­"5 mg February 10, 1957 were approved...8 8. The Committee on Financing Medi­t:: cal EducatIon was voted authority toi$ act for the Association on all national

'"d legislative matters involving a construc­~ tion act, within the maJority opinion of;:l a vote of all member institutions.

"8 9. A statement on the future needafor physicians was approved and rec­(1) ommended to the Association for adop­\-; tion.(1)

.D.8 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY AND EDITOR

o DEAN F. SMILEY

Z The year just completed has been anunusually busy one. Fifteen school vis-

~u Itations were completed and the report

on the last one has just gone out. Theprevisitation questionnaire forms havebeen revised and reprinted, and we

~ hope that the new forms will be less...... burdensome for the schools to fill out<0 and just as useful to our visiting teams.

rJ) With the increased number of school::: visitations made necessary by the facto 'h t ..p t a we are attemptmg to establish and~ ~aintain a minimal schedule of a visita­

::::::: non at least every 10 years, more ade-8qu~te st~ff has been found necessary.(1) ThiS commg year the Council on Medi-

..s:: cal Education and Hospitals of the...... ',merican Medical Association will be§represented on the 16 visits planned by

<.l:1 Dr. Edward Turner, Dr. Walter Wiggins,...... Dr. Glen Shepherd and Dr. John Hin­~ man of their full-time staff. In orderathat our Association may have proper8 ,taff representation on these visits theo Executive Council has appointed as

Q part-time assistant secretaries Dr. Rob­_rt Glaser, associate dean at Washington

niversity School of Medicine; Dr.onard Fenninger, assistant dean at

he University of Rochester School ofedicine; and Dr. Arthur Ebbert Jr.,

ssistant dean at Yale University School)f Medicine. These three will share

Minutes of the 67th Annual Meeting

with me the burden of the staff workassociated with the visitation programthiS year while, as heretofore, a deanof a member college will take part ineach visitation as the Association's otherrepresentative. Dr. William N. HubbardJr., having served faithfully for twoyears as part-tIme associate secretaryof the AssociatIon, will relinquish thatpost this next year to give full time tohis recently increased responsibilities atNew York UniverSity.

Our new central office building goingup at 2530 Ridge Avenue, Evanston,Ill. is almost ready for occupancy andI would appreciate it if those of youwho are planning on being in Chicagofor the Annual Congress on MedicalEducation and Licensure, would markyour calendars to attend the dedicationof our new buildmg scheduled for Sun­day, February 10, 1957. It is expectedthat buses will be provided to transportpassengers from the Palmer House tothe building in Evanston about 3 p.m.,returning to the Palmer House not laterthan 6: 30 that evening. You will receiveinvitations and I hope you will returnthe R.S.V.P. cards promptly so that wewIll know how many to plan for.

Our membership roll stands as fol-lows:

Institutional Members 82Affiliate Institutional Members 12Sustaining Members 8Individual Members 1544It should be noted that though Sus-

taining Memberships were authorizedpreviously, this is the first year inwhich inVitations to such membershiphave been extended and we are pleasedto include on this "honor roll" the fol­lowing well known companies: TheW. B. Saunders Co., E. R. Squibb &Sons, Burroughs Wellcome & Co., CibaPharmaceutical Products, Inc., ParkeDavis & Company, G. D. Searle & Co.,Chas. Pfizer & Co., and Eli Lilly & Com­pany.

During the past year 19 question­naires have been submitted to the Sec­retary's office for recommendation. Therecommendation was for cooperation in13 cases, against cooperation in 6 fora variety of reasons. It is encour~gingto note that more of those persons ororganizations contemplating a question­naire to our schools consult the centraloffice of the Association first. Thismakes it possible to provide any per­tinent information already available

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.Minutes of the 67th Annual Meeting

and thus point out that the question­naire is not needed or that certain partsof it are unnecessary. Since you ruledin 1951 that all questionnaires to theschools must be brought to the noticeof the home office and a recommenda­tion made, 137 have been reviewed andacted upon.

The demand of foreign trained physi­cians for help in obtaining opportunitiesfor advanced training continues un­abated. Inquiries were received this pastyear from 103. It is my opinion, and itis shared by the Chairman of our Com­mittee on International Relations inMedical Education, that though we con­tinue to make special efforts in behalfof those expecting to return to teach intheir own countries, our present meth­ods of bringing hospitals and foreignphysicians together are as a wholetotally inadequate. Without properknowledge or guidance many of thesephysicians are applying for hospital ap­pointments of a type quite unlikely toprovide them with the training theyneed. And on the other hand, some ofour hospitals are accepting foreigntrained physicians as interns and resi­dents who are definitely not preparedto take their place at that rung of themedical educational ladder. The needfor the new agency, already in the ad­vanced planning stage, is urgent. Inthe meantime we should realize that inmany parts of the world our educa­tional standards are being seriouslycriticized as being too low. Ivan Put­man Jr., Foreign Student Adviser atthe University of Florida, upon returnfrom a recent trip to the Middle Eaststated the problem quite clearly in theOctober 1956 News Bulletin of the In­stitute of International Education inthe following words:" . Americaneducation in general is being damnedin the Middle East for the failure ofsome institutions to maintain adequatestandards. . . . I was told repeatedly ofcases in which poor students from theMiddle East who could not qualify forhigher education at home were ad­mitted to U. S. institutions, sometimeswithout even presenting credentials....Some of our Middle Eastern friendscredit us with adequate standards forour students, but accuse us of allowingforeign students to "get by" with a lowerstandard. I returned from theMiddle East convinced that perhaps oneof the most important contributions we

60

in American education can make towardachievement of the long-range objec­tives of student exchange is to main­tain high standards of admission andacademic performance for both foreignand native students."

The Journal has taken a number 01important steps forward this past yearIt has increased the number of origmalarticles per issue to six; it has con­tinued to increase the proportion 01solicited articles; it has expanded Itslist of foreign correspondents and Itscoverage of medical education newsfrom abroad; it has added Spanish ab­stracts of its articles; it has publishedfive important supplements and pre­sented them as a bonus to its sub­scribers. As a result of these effortsmore of our articles and editorials arebeing reprinted in other Journals andmore of the publication costs are beingmet by advertising revenue. It has beenan unexpected pleasure to note that anumber of the pharmaceutical housesand publishing firms that have recentlycome into Sustaining Membership in theAssociation have also recently increasedtheir use of advertising space in ourJournal.

You are giving the Association won­derful support. The previsitation ques­tionnaire forms are being returned earlyand with almost all questions answeredfully; the forms for the applicant studyof the entering class just registered arealready in from every school in thecountry save one; the increased duesyou voted last year are being paid with­out delay; you have made possible thebringing in of an Executive Directorwith the new year who is well equippedto carryon the higher echelon activitiesof the Association; the new centraloffice building will be ready for occu­pancy within the next month; adequatestaff has been provided for the schoolvisitation program. You have imple­mented the Association as it has neverbeen implemented before. It is thereforein better position to serve your needsand contribute more significantly tomedical education as a whole. There aremultiple opportunities for improving orexpanding our services and I am surethe Executive COlllncil will welcomesuggestions, and recommendations, as towhich of the extensions or improve­ments are most deserving of high pri­ority.

J.i Iserfin:•ovetEA

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61

Minutes of the 67th Annual Meeting

Total Disbursements.. .... 366,438.60Added to Reserves ... 18,638.65

Total Reserve includingBUilding Fund and Reservesrestricted to specialprojects . . $414,606.00

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF RESEARCHHELEN HOFER GEE:

Highlights of the research, TeachingInstitute coordination, publication, andservice activities carned on in the of­fice of the Director of Research arepresented in the Report on the Com­mittee on Educational Research andServices. The present report focuses onone project in the current researchprogram-a study of the diversity ofcharacteristics of medical school stu­dents-because of its implications forhigher education in general, and thelight of its findings can throw on im­mediate problems In medical education,exemplify the broad contributions thisoffice hopes to make in its attempts toassist the Association toward the realiza­tion of its objectives.

The Association's originally plannedprogram of studies of intellectual andnonintellectual characteristics of medi­cal school students was given addedimpetus during the past year when itwas found that related studies of thediversity of characteristics of studentsin all of higher education were beingplanned by the Institute of Higher Edu­cation at the University of California.The Carnegie-supported Institute, re­cently established under the directionof Dr. Thomas R. McConnell, requestedthe ASSOCIation's cooperation in theirstudies, which are aimed at assistingthe nation's schools and colleges in find­ing solutions for problems that surroundexpected vast increases in the popula­tion of students seeking higher educa­tion. The phase of the Carnegie Insti­tute's program with which we, as repre­sentatives of medical education will beconcerned, seeks to determine: Howmany students at what levels of abilityand with what patterns of personal andsocial characteristics are to be found inwhat types of colleges and universities?And further: What happens to the stu­dents who enter higher education, whatcurricula do they choose and whatcareers do they eventually pursue?

These questions are of broad interest.

13,547.202,779.154,562.71

51,738.74407.74

}..'ORT Of THE TREASURER fOR THEI YEAR 1955·56

• Dr. Stockton Kimball presented aieries of slides which summarized thefinancial operations of the Associationover the past year as follows:1EARNED INCOME

Dues $ 63,907.50Subscriptions 7,281.02Publications 19,719.06Advertising 29,769.37Film Sales and Rentals...... 4,682.61Interest on Investments...... 9,032.75M.C.A.T. revenue...... . .. 93,685.34Miscellaneous 482.60

$228,560.25

DISBURSEMENTS FORSPECIAL PROJECTS

Film purchases andexpenses $ 16,956.37

Building Fund...................... 73,142.59Teaching Institute and

Special Studies 46,293.04$136,392.00

GRANT INCOME FOR SPECIALPROJECTS

IJohn and Mary MarkleFoundation $ 60,000.00

The Commonwealth Fund.. 50,000.00JOSiah Macy Jr. Foundation 10,000.00

~ Abbott Laboratories............ 10,000.00

INational Heart Institute...... 25,000.00Overhead on projects 1,517.00

$156,517.00Total Income $385,077.25

pISBURSEMENTS FORREGULAR SERVICESI Salaries $108,595.39

Rent and house' expenses.... 17,734.06Travel.................................... 17,792.58Annuities 2,461.02Payroll taxes for

Social Security.................. 1,987.48Office supplies, telephone

& postage .Furniture and equipment..Annual meeting .Publications .Insurance .Advertising & circulation

promotion . 2,552.16Mailing & engraving

(Journal) 3,935.99Miscellaneous 1,952.38

$230,046.60

::: r ofo 'ear~ ina!...... ~on·§ of8, its...... its;:l ews

..8 abot:: hedi$ Jre-

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:'VIl1l,ltes of the 67th Annual Meetmg

We m medll:al education are particularlyconcl'rned wIth theIr applicability tothe student of medIcine, and we arccon,<idenng them, not only In formal­i,ed re~earch pro.iect~, but also throughotllN actl\'itles of the Committee onEducatIOnal Research and Services,notabh' the current Teaching Instituteprogra'm on the evaluation of the stu­dent, the annual applIcant studies, andthe l\ICAT testmg program, None of thIswork would be possible were it not forthe eXCellent cooperation of all of thempmbpr medical schools, Without it wecould never have planned, as we have,the mtensl\'e, long-range studies thatarc involved in exploratIOn of the char­actenstics of medical students, themotIvatIOnal variables related to medi­cal school performance, the impact ofmedical education upon the student, andtinally the characteristics of the mem­bers of the profession of medicine in all'If its varietIes, The "Carnegie project"'epresents the first phase of these ex­

,Jlorations,Generally, the kinds of questions

Isked provide a clearer picture of thenature of a research project than doesan outlIne of statistIcal designs. Ourpresent program of research is beinglaunched upon questions like those thatfollow. To shed light upon them, wehave available the Association's uniqueset of records on all students enrolledin our medIcal schools, and in additionto these. lal'ge samples of interest andpersonalIty test data collected duringthe past year, In the spring of this year21 medIcal schools admll1lstered teststo sel1lor medical students and in thefall 27 schools administered tests totheir entenng freshmen, in generous co­operation WIth the Association's requests.The tests administered were: TheStrong Vocational Interest Blank, theEdw,!rds Personal Preference Schedule,and the Allport-Vernon-Lindzey Scaleof Values. Some of the questions we arenow <Jskmg about the intellectual andnOl1lntellectual characteristics of menand women entering the profession are:

1. Intellectual Characteristics. Howbroad is the range m mtellectual levelof ability of the physicians now enteringthe profession? Is there a lower level ofintellectual endowment necessary forthe study and practice of medicll1e? Arethere' dIfferent upper and lower desir­able limIts of intellectual capacity for\'arious kinds of careers. such as teach-

62

ing and research as opposed to ger,e: ."or specialty practice? Are intellec:L::..characteristIcs related to the choice c.:'a specialty?

2. Nonintellectual characteristiCSWhat are the interest and person,,:::.'patterns of those who select a carel! [,medicine'? Are there ascertainable dll­ferences in these patterns that chiirac­terize those who choose to enter thedifferent specialties or those who gradu­ate from different schools? Would sorr,[of the ~,tudents who are now lost :,­medicine through wi thdrawal or e\ l'l'

faIlure have been successful at anothelmedical school with different fellO'.'.students. teachers, tradlhons, and phIlus­ophy? What about the students who arediscouraged from or are never attractecto medicine? Are we losing some wemight prefer as representatIves of theprofession, as opposed to some otherswe al e now selecting? How can lIeidentify such intangible qualities as in­

tegrity and social responsibility thatare so important in the practice ofmedicine?

The answers to these questions 1'.lilprovide us with a good deal of infonna­tion on complex patterns of behavlUIOur real aim is to Identify the rele\'z,ntintellectual and nonintellectual charac­teristics that can be measured-then 1\ ecan proceed with some confidence ll~

applying the findings to the problems ofmedical education in filling society'sneed for medical service.

Learning as much as we can ahou:the identification of characteristics thatmake for the best kind of physlClal:seems particularly relevant today as I\elook toward a period when larger nurr.­bel'S of college students will be clamur­ing for entrance to medical school. By1965 enrollment in undergraduate co:'leges may be expected to have increas~ci

by 148 per cent over 1952. If approxI­mately 5 per cent of college graduatescontinue to apply for admission, prob­lems of selection will be seriously in­

creased in extent and complexity, forthe capacity of our medical schools wIlinot increase proportionately-indeed Itpossibly should not. The problem ISfurther complicated when we realize thata large pool of promising talent ne\'Crgets beyond high school. Within thecontext of this situation, we sincerelyhope our research efforts can contribu:eto the ad\·ancement of education in gen­eral and medical education in particulc!

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It is not appropriate here to detail theD'L :hodology of the Carnegie study andthc other related projects now in yari­"':' st:lges of planning. execution. and,n:alysis. Reports of our findmgs will beDubl1shed In full in forthcommg issues;'f the JOllTlwl of MEDICAL EDUCA­TION.

JOINT REPORT OF DIRECTOROF MEDICAL AUDIO-VISUA'_ INSTITUTEAND CHAIRMAN OF THE COMMITTEEON AUDIO-VISUAL EDUCATION

J. EDWARD FOSTER. director MAVI;WALTER BLOEDORN, chairman of com­

n~Jttce:

Financial: The Medical Audio-VisualInstitute operated within its basic budgetof SI8,000. This budget bought salaries2nd annuities. rent and house E'xpense<;.supplies, postage. telephone and travel.

The Medical Audio-Visual Institute21'0 drew on grants for two speci<llproJects: One from Abbott Laboratoriesnf North Chicago for film production:the other from Pfizer Laboratories ofBrooklyn for development of a filmiIbrary. Some detail of expendituresfollows in the Program Report.

Program

1. Film Distribution:(a) Library developed by Pfizer Lab­

"ratories Grant.During the Spring of last year Pfize)'

Laboratories provided the sum of SIO.­flnu for the purchase of films which werenot avail<lble from the other m<l.1or med­Ical film sources. The foliowing table"'0" s the extent to which the money~as bE'en expDnded and what hilS beDnbought.

Expcnditurcs:

FJims. equipment and supplies S4.05847

Prcscnt InvclItorv:\umber of tItles 57\umber of pnnts 9;)

Distribution:",umber of rentals and previews 161Income from rentals 514.69Balance of onginal Pfizer Grant 4.776.00

(b) Pi/m Publications Rcpolvinq Pllnd.This re\'olving fund was desl,gnecl as

" \'ery limited fund to help fin<lnc(' the"JmpletlOn of production of the oCC:j­',(mal \\'orthy (jIm which a school or.~thor is un<lble or unwl1ling to fini~!,

',' ci distribute. The funn \\ as designed'" handle <;pecl<l1 expen<;e<; ~ Ilch :1' :In'­'. .ltion and f('Jp<lse pnnling \\ hlCh th('

Ml7l11tes of the (j;'t!, .. \ 1l111W I :l1ectlJlp

author is unable to st:ll1d The :\!l'dic,tlAudio-\'Isual InstItute lElY~ thc lWC('~­

sary pnnts and (hstnhutes ll1l'm ,It ,Ismilll profit to defr.l~' the cxpelbcs :mdm some cases. to return d ~m,lIl r"y,lIhto the <luth"I' ~o ~uch tilm~ 11.1\·c h"I'nC'ompkted durlllg the P,I~t lisl',lI .' ,',11'

but prl'\'jou,ly cl)mpll'1l'd lilm, h,i\,'been bought, cllTulated and ,,,hi (Thl~

fund abo handles the purchd'l' "f 1'1 Ill"and the (hstnbutlon of lilm~ \\ h:c h \\ ,'1','

C'ompktely produC'ed b,' :'II A \'1 )The following IS a comhllwd tin:lIlci,d

and acti\'ities piet\lle "f thiS LlIld dur­ing the past ye:lr:

Numuer of prints bought 71Number of pnnh ",Id (i0

Number of rentals dnd pl'e-vie\\'s ' 212

Expcnditur('s'

Film pU!Thase<; andsupplIe~ ~2.lil;l IIi

Royalties p<l](1 17402IncoJ!lc: 4,1G7.fl2

BalanC'e SI.:HW74Added to the balance fmm la,t ye,lr

the fund no\\' contams appro'\llll'ltelyS2,OOO. This is av,nldble to provldc a~­

sistance to \\'ortl1~' tillllS \\cll 11lld"1­\vay.

2. Film Proc!ucl101I'One year and a half ago Abb"tt Lab­

oratories prOVided a continuing grantof SIO.OOO pCI' year for three ~ ears forthe produC'tion of a sene~ of undt'I'­graduate tcaching fiJm<; on cell phYSiol­ogy utilizing the rl'~earch foot:lc~l' ;lllliresourccs of tIll' TI";ul' CllltHl'e L,d)()r:l­tory of the LnI\'('I'<;lt, of Tex:"" :>'1edl(", IBranc'h Dr. C l\1 PO'lll'r:lt i~ dlrl'do ..of that laboratOl y To da1l' a toLd ofapproximatl'!y SI :J.OOO h,,~ I)('('ll eX­pended and thrC'l' f11111~ h:I\'l' Ill'('ll ('11111­

pleted In Ill(' "LIVlllg HUIl1"n Cc,Ib III

Culture" ~en('~ TIll' indi\ldu,lI tith',arc "The He!a Cell Str;'lIl," ";Vlll'lo­glia," and "Oligodendmglia." TIll' 111',1

named \\;" the tir~l eomp1l't"d :",,1 71ipnnt~ arc 1'(1\\' m CIrculation In :Iddl­tion a Spanish Iangu:,ge tr"ck h:l, !Jc('nplaced on the tilm for f"n'lgn 1l'.l'

1. Protol'I/'" '[,'ocll1/1" 111','0The Pl'otot.' pl' :dl-pul p"'" tf' 'I'hll'"

(lr~a ;, ..... ~J pn'l('ct \\~l~ r!C<',f'ld)(,rj III 111 1

Aut'u,t i'''\lp of TI/I' .Iol/rool of ~lI':/)I­

CAL EDL'C/l TIO;\, Thi' )11l"" I .',;.'

promptl"l 1)\' threc' '1lll"·II"1l'(:,) T, Ih,' l'"'q'rJth kl1"" n IlIf"I'II1'

tIon rf'I:JtJ\ {. to c];I<..,,,,roorn rlf''''H!,1l tlf'lll'

;l,)pllt'r! '(I Hl" (·qn .... t' llf t!flt! ;lflrl ('(4t H!

61

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Minutes of the 67th Annual Meeting

ping of medical school classrooms?(b) Can applied research in the con­

struction of medical school teachingareas turn up valuable information?

The prototype teaching area at Kan­sas City is an attempt to consolidate,gather and verify information necessaryto adequately answer some of the ques­tions raised by teachers and architects.Some $100 million per year will be ex­pended in medical school constructionduring the next few years. It is hopedthat a brochure or booklet can be pre­pared incorporating all pertinent datawhich will be available for reference.

4. "Audio-visual News"-The Journalof MEDICAL EDUCATION:

The MAVI maintains a regular sec­tion in The Journal dedicated to audio­visual news items, film reviews, andarticles which encourage better andwider utilization of aUdio-visual ma­terials.

5. AV Conference of Medical and Al­lied Sciences:

t;.e MAVI has been an active par­ticipant and has provided the chairmanfor the annual AV Conference of Med­ical and Allied Sciences since the in­ception of that conference in 1953. Mem­bership of the conference includes twopeople from each of 12 national non­profit associations which have AV pro­grams. The association includes thefields of medicine, dentistry, veterinarymedicine, pharmacy, nursing and hos­pitals. The chief purpose of the con­ference is the exchange of audio-visualinformation.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEEON CONTINUATION EDUCATION

JAMES W. COLBERT, JR., chairmanThe Committee has met twice during

the past few days and has noted withdistinct interest the enthusiasm of theparticipants.

It is presented by the Committee tothe Association that the continued edu­cation of the physician is best assuredby the establishment of an intellectualand educational environment support­ing the responsibility of patient care.Such an environment will certainly re­quire academic leadership and thus therole of the medical school will prob­ably become greater rather than less.This academic interest is attested to by

64

the recent report of the Council on Med.ical Education and Hospitals of theA.M.A. in its annual educational num­ber published in August of this year.

The Committee wishes to express Itsappreciation to Dr. Glen R. Shepherd ofthe Council on Medical Education andHospitals for his assistance and interestand for the opportunity afforded theCommittee to examine the preliminaryrecommendations of his advisory groupconcerning the objectives and principlesof postgraduate education.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEEON FINANCING MEDICAL EDUCATION

JOSEPH C. HINSEY, chairman:The member institutions of the Asso­

ciation of American Medical Collegeshave been currently informed regardingthe activities of the Committee onFinancing Medical Education. The lastreport that was presented was made byDr. John B. Youmans, who reportedupon his activities in Washington, D. C.,during June and July, at which timehe worked in support of our legislationbefore Congress.

Realizing that it would be necessaryfor Us to formulate our plans for thecoming year, your Committee met inWashington, D. C., on Friday, Septem­ber 21, 1956. There were present: Dr.Bloedorn, Dr. Anderson, Dr. Topping,Dr. Youmans, Dr. Dorst, Dr. Lippard,Dr. Moore and Dr. Hinsey. Dr. Smileywas present as well as Dr. Lowell Cog­geshall. At this meeting we met to con­sider the future plans concerning thedevelopment of legislation for federalaid to construction to medical schools.At luncheon that day we had as ourguest Kurt Borchardt, who is the assist­ant to the Committee of the House ofRepresentatives which deals with thislegislation. We arranged for a meetingin Colorado Springs to be held on No­vember 10 at which Mr. Borchardt willbe present. At that time the answers tothe questionnaire which he had sent toDr. Robert Moore will be discussed.This questionnaire dealt with the back­ground of the basic needs of the medicalschools and was sent to a number ofdifferent agencies. By the time we meetat Colorado Springs, the national elec­tion will be over and it will be possibleto determine in better fashion the fu-

ture course of action which the Associa­tion should take. Furthermore. themake-up of the Committee of the Asso­ciation for the coming year will beknown and active work can be under­taken. The Committee will appreciate

::: suggestions from the members of the:2 Association. A sincere attempt has beeni2 made to secure the passage of the legis­~ lation the schools desire.~ There have been certain dealings8, with the National Fund for Medical"5 Education about which you have beeno informed by the Fund itself. For that

-:5 J reason we s?all not detail them here.~I The attention of the members of the

'"d Association is called to the supolement<l) number of The Journal of MEDICALU EDUCATION, September 1956. Vol. 31•

..§ No.9. entitled: "Support of Cancer Re­B search by the American Cancer Society."

e ~~~1~~~. Z t~:r:~d.~a:e:o:efheo:e ~~a:<l) report of a Committee on Basic Re­

.D search and of Medical and Educational~ I Centers. This committee after consider­(5 i ation of a number of the basic tenetsz! bearing upon this problem. made the

! following recommendations:U! (1) "The committee recommends that.

~ "

II,' if suitable arrangements can be made.the American Cancer Society awardfluid funds to institutions for higher

<l): learning that grant M.D. and/or Ph.D.-:5 degrees in the biological and related4-< sciences. to foster improved train­o ing and to stimulate the pursuit of~ knowledge for its own sake in the medi­o cal, biological and related physical sci­B ences; recognizing that through such~ furtherance of knowledge advances of"0 great significance to cancer may result.U "The committee acknowledged that<l) many details of the administration of

-:5 such funds would need to be workeda out. for example. the Society's 'Noo bricks and mortar' policy would need

<.l:1 to apply. Moreover. the Society would1:! need to be assured that such grants<l) would be used entirely to augment thea institution's present operations in the8 medical. biological and related physicalo sciences and not merely be used to re­O capture other funds now used fo? this

PUrpose.(2) "After discussion of what propor­

tion of the Society's funds should beallocated for grants of the type recom­mended. it was voted that the Societyconsider devoting 10 per cent of itstotal resources to this purpose."

Minutes of the 67th Annual Meeting

At this time, we do not know whataction has been taken on this reportbut we do know that an attempt is beingmade to transmit this recommendationto other voluntary foundations so thatthey may give similar consideration. Itis hoped that before too long funds maybe available to our medical schools fromthis source.

REPORT FROM COMMITTEEON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONSIN MEDICAL EDUCATION

RICHARD H. YOUNG. chairman:The Committee has had two closed

meetings during the year. the first onFebruary 13. 1956 in Chicago at thetime of the meeting of the Annual Con­gress on Medical Education and Licen­sure and the second at the time of theAnnual Meeting of the Association ofAmerican Medical Colleges.

The Committee exists to orient mem­bers of the Association to the responsi­bilities and opportunities involved ininternational relations in the fiel~f

medical education. The increl]se inli-in­ternational exchan~es since World WarH has been tremendous. The Committee.also. functions in an advisory capacityto the Executive Committee and the Ex­ecutive Secretary of the Association.

The principle concern of the Commit­tee has been-limited to the exchange ofmedical personn~l at the advan-:-edscholar level (research scholars. medicalfaculty members and lecturers) and incontractual programs between Americanand foreign medical schools.

There are three principle government­sponsored exchanges. the Internatlon11Cooperation Administration of the StateDepartment, administered by the Divi­sion of International Health of the Pub­lic Health Service, the Fulbright Pro­gram of 1946 and the Smith-Mundt Pro­gram. which in 1948 broadened exchangeactivities to include other kinds ofgrants and non-Fulbright countries. Two

'non-governmental agencies through con­tractual agre~ments with the Depart­ment of State assist in the selecting andplacing of the Fulbright and Smith­Mundt grantees, namely, the Committeeon International Exchange of Personsof the Conference Board of AssociatedResearch Councils (CIEP) and the In­stitute of International Education (HE).The former organization deals only withsenior scholars.

65

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Mmutes of the 67th Annual Meeting

In addition to the government ex­change programs innumerable institu­tions and agencies have sponsored ex­change programs of their own. Amongthese programs are the RockefellerFoundation, the Kellogg Foundation,the Pan American Sanitary Bureau(PASB), Regional Office of the WorldHealth Organization (WHO), Common­wealth Foundation, John Jay WhitneyFoundation, Division of InternationalHealth of Public Health Service (fromInternational Cooperation Administra­tion of State Department), and Uni­tarian Service Committee. The pictureis complex, and overlapping, eligibility,screening processes, selection methods,assignments, stipends, travel funds forlocal or international use, book allow­ances, medical expense!;, etc. vary con­siderably. It has been said that foreignscholars now "look for the agency giv­ing the highest stipends and the greatestfringe benefits."

At the February meeting of the Com­mittee it was suggested that a round­table discussion be held in conjunctionwith the Annual Meeting of the Asso­ciation, having representatives of thevarious agencies describe their roles inforeign school exchange programs. Thereis no one central agency, no one centralregistry-except for South Americancountries there is the Medical EducationInformation Center at the PASB.

In regard to contractual agreementsbetween foreign and American medicalschools, a member of the Committee, Dr.Max Lapham, is an essayist at this meet­ing-"Experiments in Medical Education-Cooperative Programs with ForeignSchools." Tulane University MedicalSchool has an agreement with severalmedical schools in Colombia. Mem­bers of the Association are aware of theexistence of contractual agreements be­tween University of Minnesota and Ko­rea, University of California and In­donesia (two more years), Universityof Buffalo and Paraguay and of the factthat the University of Wisconsin willhave some exchange with Peru and thatthe University of Iowa has a contractwith ICA to work with the University ofQuito in Ecuador. The contract betweenWashmgton Universit~· (St. Louis) andThailand was discontinued in July1953, but Thailand is going to receiveassistance through ICA, and two mem­bers of the faculty of the University of

66

Utah are going to Thail...'1d for a periodof two years. The contract between theUniversity of Pennsylvania and Burmanever materialized. There is informalcooperation between Duke Universityand Taiwan.

The Committee has difficulty in actmgas a unit, and its accomplishments mustbe measured against the individualefforts and interests of each member. DrLapham has been mentioned above; DrFrancis Scott Smyth has personally di­rected California's program in Indo­nesia; Dr. E. Grey Dimond is "in Utrecht,Holland, exploring first-hand interna­tional medical education" as a Ful­bright Lecturer; Dr. Walter E. Macpher­son heads the College of MedicalEvangelists, a school that sends manymedical missionaries to foreign lands;Dr. Jean Curran has recently surveyedmedical educ'ation in the Philippines atthe request of the World Health Or­ganization and the Philippine Govern­ment; and Dr. Norman Nelson beforebecoming dean at the University of Iowawas dean of medicine at the AmericanUniversity in Beirut. Consultants to theCommittee are Harold H. Loucks of theChina Medical Board, Elizabeth T. Lamof the Committee on International Ex­change of Persons, and Myron Wegmanof the Pan American Sanitary Bureau.all of whom are associated with agenciesdeeply involved in problems of the for­eign medical scholar through their ownprograms. The chairman during theyear attended the meeting of the Co­operating Committee on Graduates ofForeign Medical Schools and visited thePan American Sanitary Bureau, the In­stitute for International Education, theInternational Division of the PublicHealth Service and the Committee forInternational Exchange of Persons of theConference Board of Associated Re­search Councils.

The Association of American MedicalColleges will be a participating agencyin the Second National Conference onExchange of Persons sponsored by theInstitute for International Education tobe held in Chicago December 5-7, 1956.Workshop sessions on "How Can Ex­change Programs Be Improved in Pro­fessional Fields" will have a section onmedicine and health to be chairmannedby Dr. Willard Rappleye and authoredby Dr. Walter S. Wiggins.

A Conference (In Medical Education in

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United States is to be held at the Uni­versity of Wisconsin in June 1957, co­sponsored by the Committee on Inter­national Exchange of Persons of theAssociated Research Councils and ourAssociation. The Conference is for Ad­vanced Fulbright Scholars to affordthem an opportunity to become ac­quainted with the broader issues ofAmerican medical education and to dis­cuss medical education problems of mu­tual interest with American medical edu­cators. The Conference will be financedby a grant from the China MedicalBoard with the University of Wisconsinbeing the host institution.

REPORT OF COMMlnEE ONINTERNSHIPS, RESIDENCIES ANDGRADUATE MEDICAL EDUCATION

E. HUGH LUCKEY, chairman:During the past year the activities

of your committee were concerned with(1) further matters relating to the ad­visability of the Association under­taking a study of the internship inteaching hospitals; (2) the operationsof the "Berry Plan" for residency defer­ment; (3) the Doctors' Draft Act andchanges proposed at its term1OationJune 30, 1957, and (4) recent proposalsand activities of various groups in re­gard to the internship.

Again this year the committee recom­mended to the Executive Council thata study of internships in teaching hos­pitals be considered. The following ex­tract from minutes of the meeting ofthe committee on February 12, 1956refers to this action. "Because of theclose interrelationships between theproblems of the internship and the va­rious undergraduate extramural pre­ceptorship programs in our medicalschools, it was voted that a recom­mendation be made to the Council ex­pressing the continued interest of thiscommittee in a study of internships inour teaching hospitals and recommend­ing further that such a study be de­signed to include an evaluation of thesituation in regard to undergraduateclinical curriculum." This recommenda­tion was reported to the meeting of theExecutive Council of June 19, 1956.

The chairman attended two meetingsin the office of the Assistant Secretaryof Defense, together with representa­tives from the American Medical Asso­ciation, American Dental Association

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and from the various armed servicesto discuss the current status of the"Berry Plan." Reports of these meetingsare on file in the Association office. Itcan be reported that the current opera­tion of the plan has resulted in a muchmore orderly and sound procedure forthe call of physicians to militaryservice.

At the meetings in the Department ofDefense there was discussion of thesituation at the termination of the"Doctors' Draft" on June 30. 1957. At thetermination of the Act the baSIC draftlaw, which contmues to 1959, will bemodified or amended to provide essen­tially the same powers as now residing10 the Special Doctors Draft Act. There­fore, physicians, dentists (and other pro­fessional groups) will still be subject, upto age 35, to the regular draft. Even so, itwas stated that few, if any, of those overage 30 are apt to be called, as the De­fense Department estimated that themajority of its needs can be met by re­cent graduates of medical schools.

Finally, the committee have been con­cerned with the recommendations andproposals concerning internships ad­vanced by various interested parties inthe course of the last year. These pro­posals have included the action of onegroup recommending that all straightinternships be abolished, the inclusionof the internship in the fourth year ofthe medical curriculum, and the elimi­nation of the internship entirely. It isthe opinion of members of the commit­tee that the Association of AmericanMedical Colleges should place on therecord a statement of policy in regardto the educational experience of theintern. Such a statement wiII be for­warded for consideration by the Execu­tive Council following the meet10g ofthe committee on November 11.

REPORT OF THE COMMlnEfON LICENSURE PROBLEMS

J. MURRAY KINSMAN, chairman:The Committee met at 4 p.m. on Mon­

day, October 12, Dr. Whitaker and thechairman being the only members of th<>committee in attendance.

Dr. Sam Poindexter, chairman of theMedical Board of Idaho provided copiesof a suggested Medical Practice Actwhich had been approved by the Fed­eration of State Medical Boards at itsmeeting in Chicago in February 1956.

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Dr. Poindexter outlined the backgroundof the work which led up to the adop­tion of the suggestions incorporated inthis document which was designed topromote greater uniformity in the vari­ous state laws concerning licensure­a matter in which the Association hashad great interest for many years. Therewas general discussion of certain fea­tures of the proposal, into which theproblem of the foreign medical graduateentered.

There was a review of the currentstatus of the newly organized Educa­tional Council for Foreign MedicalGraduates.

The Committee has no recommenda­tions to make to the Association at thistime.

REPORT OF COMMITTEEON MEDICAL CARE PLANS

JOHN F. SHEEHAN, chairman:

At the 1955 annual meeting in Swamp­scott the committee on Medical CarePlans expressed the conviction that vol­untary prepayment health insurance(for physicians' services) had alreadyhad a notable effect on medical educa­tion at the undergraduate and graduatelevels and would have an even greaterimpact in the years ahead. In an effortto appraise the current situation and touncover possible adjustments and com­pensations, the Committee decided toformulate a questionnaire for distribu­tion to the heads of the clinical depart­ments in the medical schools and hos­pitals throughout the country.

Late last summer such a questionnairewas prepared and sent to the chairmenof all five of the major clinical depart­ments in the medical schools of thiscountry and to the heads of the five ma­jor clinical departments in hospitals,whether affiliated with medical schoolsor not, which were approved for thetraining of a total of 25 or more resi­dents on the combined approved serv­ices. The Council on Medical Educa­tion and Hospitals of the AMA, throughthe kindness of Dr. Arthur A. Springall,and Dr. Edward L. Turner, furnishedthe list of hospitals and the names ofthe heads of their clinical departments.Dr. Dean F. Smiley and Miss Allyn ofthe Association staff prepared similarlists for the clinical departments inmedical schools and handled much ofthe detail of mailing. The Committee

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wishes to thank these organizations fortheir splendid cooperation.

Four hundred and eighteen question.naires were sent to the five major clin.ical departments in medical schools and979 to hospitals, including 86 city, stateand county hospitals, 62 federal hospitalsand 147 private hospitals. Altogether,1,397 questionnaires were mailed. Todate only 20 per cent of the hospitaldepartments and 21 per cent of the med­ical school departments have responded-specifically, 25 per cent of the depart·ments of medicine; 27 per cent of thedepartments of pediatrics; 21 per centof the departments of surgery; 16 percent of the departments of psychiatryand 13 per cent of the departments ofobstetrics and gynecology.

At this time only a preliminary report ,of the results of the survey can be made.Even this must be limited to the returnsfrom the medical schools. A more de­tailed report will be given later.

In the current report the Committeewill touch on only a few items in thequestionnaire and, in partiCUlar, on thosewhich were discussed at length at theopen hearing on Monday, November 12,1956.

ITEM 1. "Have prepayment healthinsurance plans (for payment of phy­sicians' services) had any effect onclerkship and/or residency trainingprograms in your institution?" Withregard to the effect on clerkships, thereplies indicated a beneficial effect in30 per cent, a detrimental effect in 9per cent and no effect in 19 per cent.Forty-two per cent stated that the ques­tion did not apply to them. With regardto the effect on residency training, 34per cent indicated a beneficial effect;18 per cent, a detrimental effect and 40per cent, no effect. Eight per cent con­sidered the question irrelevant. Thesesurprising results caused one of the dis­cussants at the open hearing to com­ment that the departmental chairmenwere not conscious of the trends in oreffects of health insurance programs.

ITEM 2. (Number 5 in the question­naire.) "Are private patients satisfac­tory SUbstitutes for medically indigentpatients in clerkship and/or residencyprograms? If-the answer is yes, list rea­sons. If no, list diffiCUlties. List mechan­isms used to overcome the difficulties."Forty-nine per cent of those respondingstated that private patients are satisfac­tory substitutes for medically indigent

patients in clerkship and residency pro­grams and 31 per cent stated that theywere not. Twenty per cent gave quali­fied answers. Of those who gave a nega-

1tlve answer, the vast majority statedthat in the care of private patients the

::: house staff is denied the degree of re-g I sponsibility, ideal or even necessary fori2j adequate training. Among the mechan­a1 Isms suggested for the utilization of\-; private patients in adequate residency&J training programs, particularly in sur­

...... gery, the following seem most pertinent:§ . 1. Revert to the preceptorship method

..s:: J of graduate training.s= 2. Assign patients to a service and not;.> 1 to a physician.

1$1 3. Maintain our existing system ofu 1graduate training while permitting the

..§ i ward services of civilian hospitals to8 I disappear and thereafter rely solely ono..i governmental hospitals for graduate sur­e! gical training.(1) 1 4. Insure the continuance of our pres­

.D: ent system of graduate training by insti­.8 ~ tuting measures which will insure wardo j services, specifically by making the in­Z I dividual hospital staff member aware

I of an additional responsibility-the re­U i ferring of some of his private patients to

~; the ward service with knowledge and

consent of patient.At the opening hearing these points

(1) were discussed. There was dissatisfac­..s:: tion with regard to each of the suggested.::: solutions. Note was made of the facto that as insurance coverage increases and~ dictation by insuring agencies accom­o panies the increase, less money totallyB will be available for the support of~ private solo practice; and group prac­"0 tice, possibly of the private clinic type,U will come more and more to prevail.

-B ~uc~:r~~n~:~h~lf~r~:. ;e:i~~~;~~~O~~a tients might come directly or be referred.o With licensed residents part of the staff,

<.l:1 patients could be assigned directly to1:! such residents with full responsibility(1) on them for definitive care. Thus sur­a vival of the present system of graduate8 training in specialties, such as surgery,o could be insured and the rights of theQ patient safeguarded.

The Committee takes no recommen­dation in this matter but merely bringsIt to the attention of the Executive Coun­cil and the membership of the Associa­tion.

The only other major item which cameup for discussion at the open hearing

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on November 12, 1956 was the possibleimpact on medical education of the newand permanent medical care program au­thorized by the last session of Congressthrough the 1956 social security amend­ments. This program will go into effectJuly 1, 1957; will be financed fromjointly supported federal-state fundsand may result in as much as $200 mil­lion being paid annually to physicians,dentists, nursing homes, hospitals anddruggists for the medical care of the3 per cent of the total population whoreceive public assistance in four cate­gories-old age assistance, aid to de­pendent children, aid to the blind andaid to the totally and permanently dis­abled. These funds must be paid bythe states to the vendors of medicalcare or to their agents. The states willdecide on methods for contracting withand re-imbursing physicians. State wel­fare agencies are already trying to de­termine how payments are to be madeto physicians-through state medicalsocieties or other agencies, what thescope and type of fee schedule shouldbe and who should be classified as "med­ically indigent."

The Committee on Medical Care Plansrecommends to the Executive Councilthat appropriate steps be taken at thestate and national levels to protectmedical education from the potentiallydeleterious effect of the new publicassistance medical care program on clin­ical teaching.

REPORT OF SUBCOMMITTEEON MEDICAL EDUCATIONFOR NATIONAL DEFENSE

STANLEY W. OLSON, chairman:The Subcommittee on Medical Edu­

cation for National Defense, operatingunder a joint authority of the Associa­tion of American Medical Colleges andthe Council on Medical Education andHospitals of the American Medical As­sociation and with the sponsorship ofthe United States Army, Navy, AirForce, Public Health Service and Fed­eral Civil Defense Administration, hascontinued to manifest a flourishinggrowth and development during theacademic year 1955-56.

At the time of the last meetings ofthe Association in Swampscott, Massa­chusetts, the MEND Committee selected10 new schools to assume affiliation withthe MEND program as of 1 January1956. These were New York University,

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Temple, Maryland, Pittsburgh, Michi­gan, Louisiana State University, Duke,Washington University in St. Louis,Kansas and the University of Californiain Los' Angeles.

FoIlowing its policy of holding thrceannual meetings, the Committee alsomet during February 1956, in Chicagoat the time of the Congress on MedicalEducation and Licensure, and met for afinal time during June 1956, in connec­tion with the meetings of the AmericanMedical Association. At the time of thislast meeting, selections were made foraffiliation with the program beginning1 January 1957. The selections areWestern Reserve, Tulane, Stritch, Texasin Galveston, Mississippi, Louisville,CoIlege of Medical Evangelists, Creigh­ton, North Carolina, and Vermont.

Two conferences of the MEND Co­ordinators were held. At Swampscottat the time of the last annual meetingof the Association, the coordinators wereinvited to report their activities beforea representative group of deans andother administrative officials of the As­sociation. A second conference of co­ordinators was held in February 1956,in Chicago, at which time the membersof the committee and the more experi­enced coordinators began the processof orientation of the deans and co­ordinators of the newly affiliated schools.

During the last two weeks in March1956, the members of the Committeeand the National Coordinator conducteda 10-day orientation tour for the newlyappointed coordinators and their deans.A group of 45 people visited militaryestablishments in San Antonio, and inparticular the Brooke Army MedicalCenter and the School of Aviation Medi­cine at Randolph Field, were briefed onthe activities of the Public Health Serv­ice and the Federal Civil Defense Ad­ministration, and concluded the tourwith a visit to the U. S. Navy Schoolof Aviation Medicine at Pensacola, Fla.,during which time the group spent a dayon the U.S.S. Saipan Aircraft Carrier.

Each of the three military servicessponsored a symposium, as follows:

1. Air Force: 14-15 November 1955­"Basic Sciences in Aviation Medicine,"Randolph Air Force Base, San Antonio.Attendance: 67.

2. Navy; 14-16 February 1956-"In­fectious Disease Problems," Great LakesNaval Traming Center. Attendance: 70.

3 Army: 9-11 April 1956-"Radiobi-

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ology," Walter Reed Army Institute ofResearch. Attendance: 127.

The development and expansion ofthe MEND program has been made pos­sible due to the support and financialbacking given it by the Assistant Sec­retary of Defense, Health and Medicine,Dr. Frank B. Berry, and by the Sur­geons General of the Army, Navy, AirForce, Public Health Service, and bythe Medical Director of Federal CivilDefense Administration, and due to thecooperation between members of themedical faculties and officers of the gov­ernment agencies in Washington.

A full-time National Coordinator (Dr.James R. Schofield, on leave as assistantdean at Baylor), an administrative as­sistant, and a secretary have maintaineda central office in the Bureau of Med­icine and Surgery of the Navy in Wash­ington. The National Coordinator andthe members of his staff are chargedwith the responsibility of establishingan orderly flow of teaching materialsfrom the sponsoring agencies to theschools, to provide speakers from theranks of the military services and Pub­lic Health Service for use by the schools,to aid in the solution of fiscal problems.Additionally the National Coordinator isexpected to travel widely to visit thecoIleges of medicine and the govern­ment establishments. During the aca­demic year 1955-56, the National Co­ordinator traveled some 50,000 miles,in pursuance of these matters.

Other colleges of medicine, interestedin the MEND program and seeking af­filiation with it as of 1 January 1958,should contact either the National Co­ordinator at the Bureau of Medicine andSurgery, U. S. Navy, Potomac Annex,Washington, D. C., or Dr. Stanley W.Olson, Dean, Baylor University Collegeof Medicine, Houston, Texas.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEEON PUBLIC INFORMATION

JOHN L. CAUGHEY, chairman:The Committee on Public Informa­

tion has not been active during the pastyear but looks forward optimistically toopportunities which will emerge fromthe projected reorganization of the As­sociation's central office.

This Committee is composed of deansand professional public relations per­sonnel. It has emphasized repeatedly itsbelief that it can perform its planning

and advisory functions effectively onlyif there is some public relations staffin the central office of the Association.For good reasons the Association hasfound it necessary to devote its resourcesto other areas. Now the program of the

::: Association has developed to a point:2 where it can provide abundant ma-

~ ~~~a~u~~fc ~~e~~~~ ~~~:~n~~at~~r:ni~~§ sions to medical schools, the supply of(1) physicians, financing of medical edu­0.. cation, and relations of medical schools"5 I with practicing physicians. The Associa­..8 :tion needs expert help to make best uset:: ' of this type of material. Competent pub­i$ lic relations personnel would be able

'"d to improve communication between the~ nahonal office of the Association and the

..§ member schools, and also give guidance° to individual schools in the developmenta and improvement of their own publice relations programs.(1) The Committee recognizes that an

.D increasing, but still not large number of° schools are already doing effective pub­~ lic relations work which is a great con-

Zo tribution to the cause of medical edu­

cation.Acknowledgment should also be

u~ made In this report of the ready co-operation provided by the medical sec­tion of the American College Public Re­lations Association in matters referred

~ to it, and in arrangements for the annual...... meeting.<0 The Committee has no specific recom­rfl mendations at this time. It is eager to

§ ~~~;~~p~~~ ~~~:ge~~~ti~~m~~~~~~c~~B tion to increase public understanding~ of the recent accomplishments of the"8 Association and its vital role in the fu­

(1) ture progress of medical education, re­-:5 search and health service.

S REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON..g EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH AND SERVICES...... GEORGE PACKER BERRY, chairman.~ Organization and AdministrativeS Changes. At the 66th Annual Meeting of;:l the Association of American Medicalg Colleges, which was held at Swamp­Q scott, Massachusetts, on October 24-26,

1955, the name and format of the Com­mittee on Teaching Institutes and Spe­cial Studies were changed in a waycalculated the better to reflect the ori­entation and development of the Com­mittee's manifold activities. It will beremembered that the Committee on

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Teaching Institutes and Special Studiesitself stemmed from two earlier Com­mittees: the Committee on Student Per­sonnel Practices and the Committee onTeaching Institutes. These two commit­tees were combined in 1953 at the 64thAnnual Meeting of the Association inAtlantic City.

Dr. George P. Berry continues toserve as chairman of the reorganizedCommittee on Educational Research andServices, and Dr. Helen H. Gee, the As­sociation's Director of Research, servesas the Committee's secretary. To main­tain close integration of the work of thisCommittee with all the other achvitlesof the Association, the inclusion in theCommittee's membershir> of the Associa­tion's President, Immediate Past-Presi­dent and President-Elect has been con­tinued.

To strengthen the Committee's re­search programs, the Executive Coun­cil approved the request that a Sub­committee on Evaluation and Measure­ment be appointed. The chairman of thisSubcommittee, Dr. Thomas H. Hunter,serves on both the parent Committeeand the Executive Council, thus provid­ing for further integration. Membershipon the Subcommittee is drawn bothfrom the Committee on Educational Re­search and Services and from the ranksof specialized research talent availableon the teaching staffs of member medicalschools. The activities of both the parentCommittee and the Subcommittee aredealt with in the present report, whichhas been prepared by the Chairman ofthe Committee on Educational Researchand Services with extensive help fromthe Director of Research.

The chairman welcomes the presentopportunity, on behalf of the members ofthe parent Committee and the Subcom­mittee as well as on his own behalf, toexpress appreciation to Dr. Gee for heruntiring and imaginative efforts. Sheand the members of her staff have ina short space of time significantly en­hanced the Association's services to themember medical colleges. New researchventures have already reached an ex­citing stage.

The development, on behalf of theearlier Committees by the Association'sprofessional staff, of a series of collect­ing, recording, analyzing and reportingprocedures was a major achievementduring the 1950-55 period. These pro-

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cedures, supplemented by the growingbody of data being made availablethrough the Committee's program ofTeaching Institutes, serve uniquely asthe nation's primary source of informa­tion on many aspects of medical edu­cation. The information thus madeavailable provides for the Association'smember schools basic data for their usein their own individual programs, en­ables the Association to link medical andundergraduate schools, serves govern­mental agencies concerned with med­ical students and medical facilities, andmakes possible educational research pro­grams arising from a wide variety ofsources. The successful establishmentof a modus operandi has now enabledthe Committee to shift the emphasisfrom study to service, thus allowing Dr.Gee and the other professional membersof the Committee's staff to turn theirattention to the development of basicresearch programs concerned with med­ical educational problems. It is in thisimportant area that the Subcommitteeon Evaluation and Measurements servesin a consultant capacity.

New appointments to the professionalstaff of the office of the Director of Re­search include Miss Shepley Nourse,who is serving as editorial supervisorfor the publications of the Committeeon Educational Research and Services,and Mr. Clifton W. Gray, who has beenappointed as assistant director under Dr.Gee. He succeeds Dr. Roscoe A. Dyk­man. Mrs. Frances Halsey, who has re­placed Mrs. Helen Morford and MissHelen McBride, is administrative as­sistant.

Finances. Owing to the necessity offunctioning during most of the yearwith an incomplete staff, the expendi­tures of the Committee on EducationalResearch and Services and of its staffwere held for the fiscal year 1955-56under $90,000 exclusive of the Teach­ing Institutes, for which expenditurestotaled approximately $50,000. The con­tinuation of a grant made to the Com­mittee in 1953 by the Markle Foundationprovides a principal source of sup­port for the Committee's 1956-57 gen­eral operations. In addition, the Com­monwealth Fund approved carrying for­ward $25,000 from its 1954 grant topermit further development of studieson student selection as they bear uponintegration with undergraduate train-

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,.

ing and student performance in med-Iical school. The third (1955) and thefourth (1956) Teaching Institutes havebeen supported entirely from Common­wealth and National Heart Institutegrants. Funds have been set aside bythe National Heart Institute adequatefor the partial support of the fifthTeaching Institute, which is to be heldin 1957. Additional funds are needed,however, to finance the fifth Teach10gInstitute and the succeeding Teach10gInstitutes that have been planned.

The Committee, speaking for the As­sociation, takes pleasure in expressingits appreciation for the generous supportit has enjoyed from philanthropic foun­dations and governmental researchagencies. Such support has been vitalto the rapid expansion of the Associa­tion's activities in recent years.

Teaching Institutes. Following thethird Teaching Institute on Anatomy andAnthropology, which was conducted atSwampscott, Massachusetts, on Octo­ber 18-22, 1955, and which rounded outthe study of teaching in the basic med­ical sciences, the Committee and the IExecutive Council reviewed the de­velopment of the whole Teaching Insti­tute program. The chronology of theTeaching Institute series was given in theCommittee's 1955 annual report, whichwas published in the December 1955issue of the Journal of Medical Educa­tion. The philosophy and the significanceof the Teaching Institutes are discussedby Dr. George P. Berry in the prefac~s

to each of the Teaching Institute reports,which are published as supplements tothe Journal and have appeared in theJuly 1954, September 1955, and Octo­ber 1956 issues.

At the Executive Council's meetings 10Chicago during February 1956, the Coun­cil supported the Committee's belief thatthe Zeitgeist suggested turning for atime from concentration on the medicalcurriculum to consideration of the char­acteristics and problems of the medicalstudent. The fourth and fifth Teach­ing Institutes, accordingly have beenplanned first to study, at the 1956Teaching Institute at Colorado Springs,the appraisal of applicants to medicalschools and all of the complexities of theselection process, and second to study, atthe 1957 Teaching Institute, the evalua­tion and the problems of the medical Istudent after he has been accepted by,

I

and has entered into, his professionaleducational program. The skillful Chair­man of the Planning Committee for the1956 Teaching Institute, which as thepresent report is being written is in thefinal stages of preparation, is Dr. JohnT. Cowles. The momentum that has been

§ rapidly achieved during recent monthsrfl and the promising structure that has

a;!.1 been devised, speak eloquently for the\-; diligent efforts of members of the sev­(1) eral committees and subcommittees in­0.. volved."5 A significant contribution to each field.2 of study taken up at the Teaching Insti­t:: tutes is being made annually throughi$ the production of survey research ma-

'"d terials that are cooperatively developed~ by the Institutes' planning committees

..§ and the Association's staff and are ana­o lyzed in the office of the Director of Re­a search. The American Association ofe Anatomists has already made extensive(1) use of the data gathered in preparation

.D for the third Teaching Institute, and theo data gathered during 1956 on the selec­~ tion procedures used at the several

Zo medical schools promise to be for years

to come a definitive source of informa­tion, not only for medicine, but for

~u higher education in general.

In addition to having compiled a de­tailed analysis of the selection process asestablished by administrative officers at

~ the medical schools and as viewed by...... admission committees, the Committee's<0 staff, working in close cooperation withrfl the Planning Committee for the 1956§ Teaching Institute, has obtained a nearlyB complete sampling of the attitudes and

opinions of the students who, upon en-~<3 tering medical school this fall, have justu experienced personally the entire proc­(1) ess of selection and admission. Student

.;:J responses were sent to the Committee'sa office between mid-September and mid­o October, and although a complete analy­

<.l:1 sis of the student view of the selection1:! process will not be available until later(1) in the present academic year, the Com­a mittee's staff is making use of every8 available facility to prepare general re­O sults of the inquiry for consideration byQ the participants at the 1956 Teaching In­

stitute.The series of Teaching Institutes de­

veloped by the Committee on Educa­tional Research and Services has clearlybecome one of the most significant ofthe Association's many activities. Theenthusiasm and the devotion with which

Minutes of the 67th Annual Meeting

each succeeding group of planning com­mittees and participants approaches andcarries out its task from embryonicstages through execution and final pub­lication of the reports, are insurance ofan experience of lasting value for allwho have been privileged to contributeto these programs. That the TeachingInstitutes will prove beneficial to thedynamic growth and development ofmedical education everywhere, is as­sured by the large number of experi­ments in medical teaching that tracetheir origin to the Teaching Institutes.

Medical College Admission Test.Scores on the Medical College AdmissionTest (MCAT) were available for 91 percent of applicants and 96 per cent ofstudents accepted for entrance to medi­cal school in the United States in thefall of 1956. The availability of a setof four yardsticks, representing the fourscores on the test, against which nearlyall entrants into the study of medicinecan be compared, provides an importantsource of information concerning thecharacteristics of the medical studentbody. The Subcommittee on Evaluationand Measurement, at its February 1956meeting in Chicago and at a meetingheld at Princeton in May 1956 withrepresentatives of Educational TestingService-the agency through which thetest is developed and administered­studied problems of test developmentand administration and explored waysof increasing the utility of data mobi­lized by these tests. It is clear that theMCAT has served a very useful purpose.

As an outcome of the Subcommittee'sstudy, a program of test developmenthas been planned that will be carried onby the Educational Testing Service un­der the guidance of the Subcommitteeon Evaluation and Measurement. Al­though the present test, which was de­vised in 1948, has served as an aid inthe selection of candidates for medicalschools, the over-all development inmethods of test construction suggeststhat its effectiveness can be increased.

In order that candidates for admis­sion to medical school who have re­ligious scruples about 'taking tests onSaturdays may be accommodated duringthe spring administration of the MCAT,arrangements starting in the spring of1957 have been made for special Satur­day evening or Sunday administrations.Additional assessments will be made tocover the cost of these administrations,

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which will be held at only a few cen­ters. Because of the unavailability oftesting facilities on days other thanSaturday at the testing centers locatedon college campuses, it is not feasible tochange the regular test administrationto any other day of the week.

Although proportionately only a fewcandidates take the MCAT more thanonce, information about the scores ob­tained the first time the test is takenshould be available to the medical schoolpersonnel who utilize test information intheir assessment of candidates. In orderthat individual schools may be sparedthe tedious and difficult task of syste­matically searching for evidence as towhether a candidate has been previouslytested, candidates taking the test in thefuture will be queried on this point.Those who have previously taken thetest will be flagged with an asterisk inIndividual Report of Scores. Studies willbe made to determine whether or notquerying the candidates provides ade­quate control of this matter.

In order that admission committeesmay be assisted toward gaining maximalutility from information made avail­able through the MCAT, publication ofa handbook has been planned. In pre­paration for its publication, work is nowgoing forward on the development ofnormative and validity data. Norms formale and female applicants, for studentswith varying amounts of undergraduatecollege training, for varying under­graduate major areas of study and forgeographical regions, will be established.

In addition to the individual reports ofscores of all tested students that are sentto all medical schools, summaries ofMCAT test data are also widely distri­buted. Medical schools receive meansand distributions of scores of all testedstudents who indicate their intention toapply to that school, as well as sum­maries of scores of students by under­graduate college attended. The annualapplicant stUdy provides informationabout the applicant group as related toMCAT performance and several ad­ditional reports sent to medical schoolsand undergraduate colleges are develop­ed for, or utilize, MCAT information.

Evidence obtained from the October1955 and May 1956 test administrationssuggests that the population of collegestudents from which medical studentsare selected may be shifting in terms

74

of intellectual characteristics. Althoughaverage verbal learning ability and levelof achievement in the social sciencesamong recently tested candidates arehigher than they were among candidatestested prior to October 1955, averagequantitative ability and level of achieve­ment in the natural sciences are lower.This evidence of a trend will be care­fully observed in coming test admini­strations and its implications explored

Reports to Medical Schools. Question­naires sent to the participants who willbe at the 1956 Teaching Institute onEvaluation of the Student included in­quiries concerning the attitudes toward,and the extent of use made of, periodicreports that are Drepared for the medicalschools by the Office of the Director ofResearch. A tabulation of the replies tothese questions is given in Table 1.

It should be realized that 8 per cent ofthe medical schools represented in thetable are Canadian schools, which do notreceive most of these reports, and findrelatively little application to their ownproblems in the reports they do receive.Regardless of whether one assumes thatthese Canadian schools account for themajority of negative and non-responseentries, it is obvious that the presentseries of reports made to medical schoolsmust be considered a valuable-perhapsindeed essential-service to the member­ship, which the Committee is enjoinedto continue.

The Committee plans to limit issuanceof Undergraduate Origins Reports (seeNo. 5 in Table 1) to alternate years.These reports were last issued for the1950-51 freshman class and will next beissued in 1957 for the 1952-53 class. The1952-53 class reports will include a con­siderable amount of new informationmade available by virtue of the fact thatthis class was selected for intensivestudy in connection with another of theCommittee's research activities (see thesection in the present report on ResearchDevelopment) .

Applicant Information. The 1955-56Applicant Study will be published in theDecember 1956 issue of the Journal ofMedical Education. Information con­tained in this report is more widely usedand sought after than any other compi­lation of data produced by the Com­mittee. The reporting procedure that un­derlies the study's production is a typi­cal example of the excellent cooperation

·Percentages In each category are based on the total number of 91 and add up to 100 per centacross the page.

TABLE 1Present Use and Desire for Continuance of Reports Provided by the

Committee on Educational Research and Services

75

7

No re-No spome

Ii 3

0 2

10 8

7 II

4 ()

82

91

92

98

8t

90

Desire for Contmuanceof Re.JOrts

2

2

o

3

3

9

5

17

17

91*

8t

80

98

81

92

Not No re-Used Used sponse Yes

Present Use of Reports

Minutes of the 67th Annual Meet,ng

features increased refinement in detailconcerning premedical preparation andadmission procedures, was published onSeptember 7, 1956. Awareness of theavailability of this unique compendiumhas spread rapidly among faculty mem­bers and interested students durmg thetwo years since the format was revisedand the handbook expanded. Withawareness has come enthusiastic recep­tion.

Increased effort is currently beingmade to inform high school and under­graduate college advisers of this defin­itive source of information, for it isundoubtedly true that dispelling mythand making available accurate informa­tion about requirements, objectives, se­lection procedures and facilities formedical education will aid them in en­couraging promising young people, whomay-when misinformed-fail to con­sider medicine as a potential career.

Undergraduate Reports. In Februar:r1956, two reports were sent to all un­dergraduate colleges providing inform;)­tion concerning the accomplishments In

medical school of their former students.One report showed applications, successin obtaining acceptances, and first-yearmedical school performance of studentsrecently enrolled in the undergraduatecolleges. The second report showed thefour-year accomplishment of students

Report

Acceptance lists (announcmg acceptance of applicantsto a1l schools).

2 Irregulanty reports (reports of irregulantles committedby apphcants).

3 Reports on applications of your apphcants to otherschools and number of applicants accepted bJ' youwho enter other schools.

Reports of average MCAT score of your apphcantsfrom each undergraduate coliege as compared to thea,'erage MCAT score of apphcants to all medicalschools from thc same undergraduate school•

Undergraduate oriltlns "{lorts (three reports foreach Ilr8duated clsss: (1) proportIOn of Irregularsand dropouts among medical students from eachunderllr8duate school, (2) comparison of performanceof students from each of the pnncipal undergradusteschools supplying students to each memcal school,(3) complete statUltical summary for the class).

Applicant studIes (annual published reports concerninl':number of apphcants and applicatIOns to each medicalschool, geograph,cal dIstribution of apphcants,MCAT 8cores of apphcanta hhng "arious number ofapphcahons. etc.)

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o......o the Association has received from theZ medical schools, which alone make rep-

resentative services of this kind possible.U If our individual schools did not co-

~operate as wholeheartedly as they do, aneffort to issue reports like this one wouldbe a misleading and costly failure.

(1) The 1955 applicant group increased 3-:S per cent over 1954 to a total of 14,937,4-< thus reversing a five-year trend during~ which the number of applicants had de-:=: creased each year. Although the actualo increase in number of applicants duringB 1955 was negligible, the changed direc­~ tion presages annual increases that are"0 expected to result in an applicant popu­u lation of 21,000 students in 1961. A po-~ tentially disturbing accompaniment to...... the slight increase in applicants fora 1955 was a much more substantial in­~ crease in number of applications sub-

mitted. These increased 14 per cent over1:! the previous year, to a total of 54,161.aThe 3.6 average number of applications;:l filed per individual applicant equaledg the 1949-50 average, only 0.1 short of

Q the peak year, 1950-51.Admission Handbook. Nearly 10,000

copies of the 1956 Admission Require­ments of American Medical Collegeswere distributed to medical schools,applicants, undergraduate college andhigh school advisers, guidance agenciesand libraries. The 1957 handbook, which

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Mmutes of the 67th AnnuaL Meeting

who entered medical schools in 1950-51.In May 1956, a report on MCAT dis­

tributions and averages was circulatedto the undergraduate colleges fromwhich more than 10 students had beentested in a three-year period. An in­quiry accompanied this report request­ing the colleges to express their opinionsconcerning issuance of these reports attwo- or four-year intervals rather thanannually as in the past. Over 100 under­graduate college deans and advisers re­sponded to the inquiry; nearly all re­quested that reports be issued no lessoften than at two-year intervals, andall expressed appreciation to the Com­mittee for providing them with the in­formation contained in the various re­ports. Based on these replies, arrange­ments were made at the Subcommittee'sMay meeting at Princeton with the Edu­cational Testing Service to develop four­year accumulations of distributions ofMCAT scores, which will hereafter beissued every two years but will covera four-year period.

Agreement on Admission Procedures.For many years, the Association hasbeen striving to make easier for the stu­dent his transition from college to med­ical school. At the annual business meet­ing on October 20, 1954, the third dayof the 65th Annual Meeting of the Asso­ciation, at French Lick, Indiana, theprovisions set forth herein were adoptedby the Association with but one dissent­ing vote. Because there has been someconfusion in recent months, owing toapparent misunderstanding at a fewschools of the provisions adopted by theAssociation, the Executive Council hasinstructed that these provisions be re­published. Before quoting the proced­ures from the published proceedings ofthe 65th Annual Meeting, as printed inthe Journal of MedicaL Education forDecember 1954 (Vol. 29, No. 12, pp.73-74), the Executive Council thoughtit would be helpful were a brief reviewto be made of the successive actionsthat have led to the present agreement.

In order to protect the best interestsof both the applicants and the medicalschools without unnecessarily restrict­ing the freedom of either, the ExecutiveCouncil instructed the former Committeeon Student Personnel Practices and itssuccessor, the Committee on Teachin"Institutes and Special Studies, to stud;the complicated matter of admission pro-

76

cedures and to devise the provisionsthat have come to be called "trafficrules."

The Executive Council, reflecting thewidely held views of the member col·leges, has been concerned about theundesirable pressures exerted by somemedical schools upon their applicants.Thus, at the meeting of the Council inNovember 1949, it was the consensusthat medical colleges should not selectstudents more than one year in advanceof their actual matriculation; i.e., morethan one year before the start of profes­sional study. Similarly, in Chicago twoyears later, the Council again went onrecord as recommending strongly againstissuing acceptances, even provisional ac­ceptances, more than one year prior toactual matriculation. In 1952, the Coun.cil again recorded its disapproval of thepractice of offering definite acceptancesand requiring substantial reservationfees prior to the January 1 precedingentrance to medical school. In October1953 at Atlantic City, the member­ship of the Association supported with­out dissent the Executive Council's rec­ommendation that no acceptances be of­fered more than one year in advanceof actual matriculation. Finally, to givesubstance to these repeated recommen·dations, the procedures now referred toas "traffic rules" were brought beforethe meeting at French Lick and adoptedalmost unanimously.

The traffic rules to be quoted belowwill operate fairly only when applicantsas well as schools adhere to their spiritThis point was emphasized at the OpenHearings at Colorado Springs on No­vember 12, 1956, during the 67th AnnualMeeting of the Association.

"Whereas"The dat~ of final acceptance of the

applications of new students with thefiling of a nonrefundable deposit varieswidely among member institutions ofthe Association.

"Whereas"This va~iation in acceptance date

makes it very difficult for the averagestudent applying to four or more med­ical schools to make sure that he is mak­ing the best choice of schools availableto him.

"WhereasThis matt~r has been carefully studied

by the Committee on T~aching Institutesand Special Studies and its recommenda­tions have had further study by the Ex-

'ecutive Council, be it therefore,"Resolved,

. "That the membership of the Asso­'ciation of American Medical Collegesapproves the following admission pro-

lcedures:"1. No place in the freshman class

§ shall be offered to an applicant morerJ) lthan one year before the actual start of;!.1 instruction for that class.§ . "2. Following the receipt of an offer(1) of a place in the freshman class, a stu­0.. •dent shall be allowed at least two weeks"5 Iin which to make a written reply to the..8 medical school.s= "3. Prior to January 15, this written;.> reply may be either a declaration of

--g ,intent or a formal acceptance of theu place offered. When the applicant has

..§ I declared his continued interest withino : the two-week period, the medical schoola I agrees to hold a place for him untile January 15, unless he indicates that he(1) • has been accepted elsewhere and with-

.D . draws his application. He may, of course,S .and often will, enter into formal ar­...... rangements with the one medical schoolZ .of his choice before January 15. Be-

. cause of the wide variation in the ac­U . ceptance dates of different medical

~,schools, some students will wish toI change their minds after filing a declara-

I, tion of intent and it is understood that

(1) nothing unethical is implied when a...s:: Istudent does so change his mind. In such.::: an event, the student is obligated to sendo prompt written notification to every~ school holding a place for him.o I "4. The payment of a nonrefundableB deposit shall not be required of any~ application prior to January 15.o "5. When a student files a declarationU 'of intent, a refundable deposit-not to~ ,exceed $100-may be required at the...... . discretion of the school granting the ac­E . ceptance. Such deposits will be refundedo without question upon request made

<.l:1 Iprior to January 15.1=! "6. The deposit, when required to holda a place in the freshman class after Janu­R . ary 15, shall not exceed $100.o' "7. By January 15 each applicant for

Q w~om a place in the entering class isbemg held must either accept the offerformally and pay any required non­refundable deposit or withdraw his ap­plication.

"S. Following January 15, an applicantOffered a place in a freshman class musteither formally accept or refuse the

Minutes of the 67th Annual Meeting

place, but he shall have at least twoweeks in which to decide. Deposits madeafter January 15 shall be nonrefundable.

"g. To assist the medical schools, theAAMC office will compile a list of thestudents who have formally accepted aplace in the freshman class. This listwill be distributed about February 1and. :will be kept current by frequentreViSions.

"ACTION: This resolution was passedwith a dissenting vote of one."

SPECIAL SERVICES.A. Government Services. The Selec­

tive Service System has requested thatmedical schools provide each year a listof the names, selective service numbersand classifications of all new medicalstudents. The collection and transmittalof these data to the Selective ServiceSystem, a process that involves extendedexchanges of correspondence with in­dividual schools, is another of the serv­ices currently being provided by theCommittee. Last year the status ofevery entering freshman in each of themedical schools in the United States andPuerto Rico and of all United Statescitizens attending Canadian schools wasdetermined and reported. Many schoolshave submitted lists for the currentyear, and are already well advancedtoward clarifying the status of "incom­plete data" cases.

For several years, the Committee hasassisted the Office of the Assistant Sec­retary of Defense in surveying fourth­year medical student liability for mili­tary service. Results of these surveysserve as a basis for determining futureaction in carrying out the Armed ForcesReserve Medical Commissioning andResidency Program. These surveys alsoprovide for students an opportunity toregister their preference with respectto the fulfillment of their military obli­gations. Some difficulty has been ex­perienced in making the opportunity toregister a preference available to allseniors, because program schedulingand geographic shifts vary widely forseniors .both within and among schools.A revision in the cirCUlarization pro­cedure is being considered jointly by theOffice of the Assistant Secretary of De­fense and the Committee in order thatall senior medical students may be as­sured an opportunity to register theirpreferences.

B. Research Services. The Director ofResearch receives almost daily requests

77

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MInutes of the 67th Annual Meeting

for information that is available in herfiles from completed studies. In addition,she and her staff have assisted morethan a dozen different agencies andschools during the past year by provid­ing data and data analysis for specialreports and research projects. Requestsfor these services have been receivedfrom medical schools, undergraduatecolleges, foundations, state health or­ganizations and medical associations. Asthe volume and variety of informationavailable in the office increases, theseservices gain in importance both to edu­cational, professional, governmental andcivic organizations and to the staff of theCommittee, whose function it is to pro­vide them. Significant costs incurred inthe development of these data and re­ports are borne by the agencies seek­ing the information.

Research Development. Publication ofthe study of women in medicine hasbeen delayed for several months, owingto a shortage of staff time. The reportis now in its final stages of preparationfor submission for publication, and isexpected to appear in an early issue ofthe Journal of Medical Education. Pre­liminary results of this study were givenlast year in this Committee's report.

A detailed progress report was alsomade last year covering the bibliogra­phy on admission to medical school,which has been in preparation since1954. The bibliography is now virtuallycomplete and up to date, and the Com­mittee has taken under advisement thequestion of its pUblication.

In Spring 1956, the Director of Re­search began work on the developmentof a long-term, intensive study of thecharacteristics of students of medicine.The first project in this program is astudy now underway that is being con­ducted in cooperation with the Instituteof Higher Education at the University ofCalifornia. This Institute, supported bya Carnegie grant, is under the directionof Dr. Thomas R. McConnell. Details ofthe "Carnegie project" are given in thereport of the Director of Research.

Interest and personality test data wereobtained last spring on 1955-56 seniorsin 21 medical schools. These 21 schoolsand 6 additional schools cooperated thispast fall in administering the same bat­tery of tests to entering freshmen. Thesedata make possible both cross-sectionaland longitudinal studies of relationships

78

between measured interest and person­ality characteristics and progressthrough four years of medical educa­tion. The interest and good will mani­fested by the medical schools and thefaculty members who administeredthese tests were outstanding. The Com­mittee and its staff take the presentopportunity to express their apprecia­tion.

The 1952 and 1956 freshman classeswere selected to provide the source ma­terials for the "Carnegie study" and foran entire series of research projects tofollow. Survey, prediction and method­ological studies utilizing these source ma­terials are already at vljlrious stages ofplanning, design and execution. Highon the list of studies to be made fromthese data is an investigation of the re­lationship between medical school per­formance and amount of undergradu­ate educational experience. The level ofability of the students will be controlledstatistically. Undergraduate origins re­ports will be made and an analysis ofthe history of the 1952 freshman classwill be published. Other studies willbe made to investigate the predictabilityof medical school achievement and drop­out rates and of the importance of situa­tional factors in the medical schoolsetting as a variable in prediction. Me­thodological studies are needed to deter­mine effective and efficient methods ofcombining information that may be usedin predicting aChievement, potential suc­cess in various types of careers in med­icine, and in specialty fields of practice.

The research projects sketched aboveand others that are anticipated will begiven material assistance through thecooperation of staff members who aredirecting related projects at their ownschools. Arrangements for exchange ofdata and research results have alreadybeen made with several of the schoolsthat participated in the spring and falltesting programs. This program of re­search is planned with a view towardcontributing to medical education basicinformation that can aid in the develop­ment of sound methods of selection,training, and curriculum improvement.Magic formulae for prediction will notbe found, but it is anticipated that somecontribution can, and will, be made tothe steady improvement of medical edu­cational and student personnel practices.

1

CHANGES IN ARTICLES OFINCORPORATION AND BY·LAWS

The following changes in the Articlesof Incorporation and By-Laws were ap­proved unanimously;

1. (Section 3, page 14) Officers: Theofficers shall be a President, a President­Elect, a Vice President, an ImmediatePast President, a Secretary, a Treasurer,and an Executive Director . . . TheSecretary and the Executive Directorshall be appointed by the ExecutiveCouncil.

2. (Section 6, page 16) The Secre­tary and the Executive Director shallbe ex-officio members without a vote,but shall attend all Council meetingsexcept closed executive sessions.

3. (Section 10) Dues: InstitutionalMembers (four year schools) $1,000;Institutional Members (two-yearschools) $500.

79

FILM PROGRAM

Two film programs were presentedTuesday evening. The program included"All My Babies," a documentary, and"Microglia," "Oligodendroglia," and"The Motion Picture in Medical Edu­cation," teaching films. Dr. J. EdwinFoster of the Medical Audio-Visual In­stitute, arranged the program.

68th ANNUAL MEETING

The 68th Annual Meeting is scheduledfor October 21-23, 1957, at the Chal­fonte-Haddon Hall, Atlantic City, N. J.

Minutes of the 67th Annual Meeting

isfactory in all respects, and if thiscannot be accomplished, to recommenddiscontinuance of the program.

ELECTION OF OFFICERS

Officers elected and appomted for 1956­57 are as follows: Dr. John B. Youmans,Vanderbilt, president; Dr. Lowell T.Coggeshall, Chicago, president-elect; Dr.Gordon H. Scott, Wayne, vice president;Dr. Dean F. Smiley, AAMC, secretary;and Dr. Stockton Kimball, Buffalo, treas­urer. New members of the ExecutiveCouncil are: Dr. Harold S. Diehl, Min­nesota; and Dr. John McK. Mitchell,Pennsylvania. Dr. Stanley W. Olson,Baylor, will fill out Dr. Coggeshall'sunexpired term.

REPORT OF COMMITTEE ONVETERANS ADMINISTRATION­MEDICAL SCHOOL RELATIONSHIPS

JOSEPH M. HAYMAN, chairman:Your committee held no meetings dur-

mg the year. No problems were referredto the Committee. In September, themembers of the Committee and the V.A. Central Office were asked if theyknew of any problems which should beconsidered by your Committee. On thebasIs of replies, a meeting of the Com­mittee was held at 9: 30 A.M., Sunday,November 10, at the Broadmoor Hotel,and an open meeting at 4: 00 P.M. onNovember 11.

Your Committee can report that therecommendation made last year, that theVeterans Administration be urged tophase out internships in Veterans Hos­pitals except under unusual circum­stances, is apparently under way. Themternship program at Houston, Texas,was discontinued June 30, 1956 and thatat Little Rock will be discontinued June30 1957. Two of the larger programsh;ve indicated that they are dissatisfied,and have been urged to discontinue theprogram. Your Committee believes thisindicates close understanding between

"

the V. A. and the Association, and rep­resents satisfactory progress.

i The Committee considered the newClinical Investigator Program. It hasreceived enthusiastic endorsement fromall dean's committees who have repliedto the Central Office. In this endorse­ment your Committee heartily concurs.It urges all dean's committees who havenot replied to the request from CentralOffice for an expression of opinion andcomment on the program to do so.

As a result of discussions at the openmeeting, your Committee would urgeall dean's committees, who are not al­ready familiar with it, to acquaint them­selves with Policy Memorandum No.2,January 30, 1946. This defines the dutiesand responsibilities of the dean's com­mittee for the resident training programin affiliated hospitals. Since the MedicalSchool-VA relationship is one of mu­tual cooperation, neither a resident pro­gram in a university hospital nor onein a VA hospital should be subordinatedfor the benefit of the other. It is alsothe responsibility of a dean's commit­tee to assure itself that the training ina VA residency program is entirely sat-

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Minutes of the 67th Annual Meeting

REPORT OF EXECUTIVE COUNCILACTIONS AT MEETING HELDNOVEMBER 13, 1956

1. Dr. John B. Youmans of Vander­bilt was elected Chairman of the Execu­tive Council for 1956-57.

2. Appointments to the Association'sStanding Committees were made.

3. The Secretary was instructed toprepare a questionnaire with the assist­ance of Dr. Edward L. Turner and KurtBorchardt, which Mr. Borchardt feelsstill is needed to complete the studyhe is making for the House of Repre­sentatives' Committee on Interstate andForeign Commerce regarding the needfor federal aid in medical school con­struction 1957-62.

4. A statement on the internship pre­pared by the Committee on Internships,Residencies and Graduate Medical Edu­cation was approved and ordered pub­lished in The Journal of MEDICALEDUCATION.

5. The recommendation of the Com­mittee on Internships, Residencies andGraduate Medical Education that astudy be initiated of the internshipsconnected with medical schools was ap­proved with the suggestion that iffunds are needed for such a study theCommittee return to the Council' witha statement of that need.

6. The Council concurred with theCommittee on Internships, Residenciesand Graduate Medical Education thatthe Office of Defense should make everyeffort to base the choice of interns fordeferment for residency training underthe Berry plan upon some merit sys­tem rather than on merely choice bylot.

7. The Committee on Planning forNational Emergency was requested toattempt to prepare basic plans for theconsideration of the Executive Councilat its next meeting February 8, 1957.

8. The Council approved the follow­ing statement of the Committee onMedical Care Plans: "The Committeerecommends -- that appropriate stepsbe taken at the state and nationallevels to protect medical education fromthe potentially deleterious effect onclinical teaching of the new publicassistance medical care program." Dr.Youmans was requested to take thismatter up with the Department ofHealth, Education and Welfare and toreport back to the Council the resultsof such consultation.

80

9. The Secretary was instructed to pall'·the four-year medical schools to de.termine how many additional studentsmight be accommodated in their thudyear class if well qualified studentswere available.

REPORTS ON EXPERIMENTSIN MEDICAL EDUCATION

Eleven papers were presented, from10 schools, on experiments in medicaleducation. A paper on "General Practicein North Carolina and Its Relation toMedical Education," was also presentedThe final group of these reports waspresented on Wednesday, November 14

FOREIGN MEDICAL EDUCATORS PRESENT

1. Dr. Agerico Sison, Dean, Universityof Philippines.

2. Dr. Jose Cuyegkeng, College of Med­icine, University of the East, QuezonCity, Philippines.

3. Musa Khalil Ghantus, AmericanUniversity of Beirut, Beirut, Leb­anon.

4. Dr. Alberto Hurtado, Faculty ofMedicine, Lima, Peru.

5. Kwik lIok Tiang, Airlangga Uni­versity, Surabaja, Indonesia.

6. Dr. Louis Monteiro, T. N. MedicalCollege, Bombay, India.

7. Dr. Virgilio R. Ramos, Dean, Fac­ulty of Medicine, University of SantoTomas, Manila, Philippines.

8. Dr. Jose R. Reyes, North GeneralHospital, Manila, P. 1.

9. Dr. S. G. Vengsarker, Dean of Medi-cal College, Bombay, India. I-

10. Lauro H. Panganiban, Dean, Insti-I_tution of Medicine, Eastern Univer- .sity, Manila, Philippines.

11. Dr. Bathan, Dean, Rangoon Medicall:College, Rangoon, Burma. i

12. Dr. Floria Velasquez, Actg. Dean, ,­Manila Central Medical College. I.

13. Dr. Samuel Middleton, Veterans Ad­ministration, Chile.

14. Dr. Leslie G. Kilborn, Hong Kong. It15. Dr. R. M. Kasliwal (WHO), Dean, i

S. M. S. Medical College, Jaipur,India.

16. Dr. Tranquilino Elicano, Chrmn., Edof Medical Examiners, Manila, Phil­ippines.

17. Dr. Julian Paguyo, Supt. of Private I

Medical Education, Dept. of Educa­tion, Manila, Philippines.