Skeletal and Skeletal and Muscular Muscular SystemsSystems

Skeletal and Skeletal and Muscular Muscular SystemsSystems

VocabularyVocabulary

• Cell – basic unit of structure and function of living things

• Locomotion – movement• Organ – a group of tissues working

together• Organ System - a group of organs working

together• Organism – the living thing with functional

organ systems• Tissue – a group of cells working together

• Cell – basic unit of structure and function of living things

• Locomotion – movement• Organ – a group of tissues working

together• Organ System - a group of organs working

together• Organism – the living thing with functional

organ systems• Tissue – a group of cells working together

Levels of OrganizationLevels of Organization

• Cell

• Tissue

• Organ

• Organ System

• Organism

• Cell

• Tissue

• Organ

• Organ System

• Organism

Skeletal SystemSkeletal System• Functions:

– 1. Provides shape and ____________– 2. ____________tissues and organs– 3. Stores calcium and _____________– 4. Produces _________ blood cells

• Functions:– 1. Provides shape and ____________– 2. ____________tissues and organs– 3. Stores calcium and _____________– 4. Produces _________ blood cells

Support

Protects

Phosphorous

Red

Skeletal SystemSkeletal System– 5. ______________ - allows movement

necessary to:• A. escape danger• B. find food and _________• C. reproduce

• Made of 206 _________

– 5. ______________ - allows movement necessary to:• A. escape danger• B. find food and _________• C. reproduce

• Made of 206 _________

Locomotion

Shelter

BONES

Cranium (Protects the Brain)

Ribs

(Protects Vital Organs – Lungs and Heart)

Pelvis

Humerus(Upper Arm Bone)

Femur(Largest Bone in the Body)

Note – the smallest bones in the body are located in your ear

(Protects the Spinal Cord)

Skeletal SystemSkeletal System• Cartilage – Connective Tissue

– 1. Cushions to _______________ the ends of the bone

– 2. Provides structure and support. Ex. Ear, Nose

• Cartilage – Connective Tissue– 1. Cushions to _______________ the

ends of the bone– 2. Provides structure and support. Ex.

Ear, Nose

Protect

Skeletal SystemSkeletal SystemJoint

• 1. Where two bones meet

• 2. Bones are held together by ___________• Bone--Ligament--Bone

• 3.Types: – A: ball and socket ________________________– B: hinge _______________________________– C: pivot ________________________________– D: gliding ______________________________

4.Immoveable joints-----fused joint……cranium plates

Joint

• 1. Where two bones meet

• 2. Bones are held together by ___________• Bone--Ligament--Bone

• 3.Types: – A: ball and socket ________________________– B: hinge _______________________________– C: pivot ________________________________– D: gliding ______________________________

4.Immoveable joints-----fused joint……cranium plates

Ligaments

Moveable

Full circular movement

Back & forth movement

Twisting movement

Sliding

A

C

BD

Muscular SystemMade of three types of ________

Muscular SystemMade of three types of ________

Type Description & Function Example

Skeletal Muscle

Smooth Muscle

Cardiac Muscle

Muscle

Striated (Bands), Voluntary react quickly, tire quickly

BicepsTriceps

Not striated, involuntaryReact slowly, tire slowly

Esophagusintestines

Striated complex mesh involuntary …reacts quickly… never tires

Heart only

Muscular SystemMuscular SystemType

Skeletal Muscle

Smooth Muscle

Cardiac Muscle

• Antagonistic Pairs

• Skeletal muscles work in pairs

• As one muscle contracts the other relaxes

• Antagonistic Pairs

• Skeletal muscles work in pairs

• As one muscle contracts the other relaxes

• Muscles are attached to bones by _______________

• Muscles—tendon—bone

All movement is coordinated by the _________ system

• Muscles are attached to bones by _______________

• Muscles—tendon—bone

All movement is coordinated by the _________ system

Tendons

Nervous

• What other systems do you think is important to the skeletal and muscular systems?

• What other systems do you think is important to the skeletal and muscular systems?

Nervous System to coordinate movement

Circulatory System to deliver nutrients and oxygen for energy and take away wastes

Review – EnergyReview – Energy

• Energy can not be created or destroyed

• Energy can be converted (transformed to another form ex. Electrical to Heat in a clothes iron

• Energy can not be created or destroyed

• Energy can be converted (transformed to another form ex. Electrical to Heat in a clothes iron