The skeletal system

By Raff & Shannon

Contents• Introduction• The skull• Information page• Arms & legs • Spine• Ribcage• Hands and feet• What are the bones made of? • What are the possible diseases?• What other system’s is it related to?• What’s the strongest bone?• What are the most sensitive bones?• Did you know• Joints• Fractures• THE END!

Introduction

The skeleton is a rigid structure of bones which provides an anchor for the muscles ,skin and protects vital organs.

Imagine yourself a piece of blob you would have to have box to keep your head up but thanks to the skeletal system you wouldn’t be a blob you would be a building held up by walls. listen carefully there will be a quiz at the end.

The skull

• The skull or cranium is a protective cover of the brain ,and provides a structure for the face or head.

• The skull consists of 28 bones or vertebrae.• The skull is made of many bones that are

closely fitted together.

Information page

The skeleton The human body has 206 bones as a adult ,when your

born you have 300 bones. You have over 230 moveable and semi-moveable joints

in your body. Bones are connected to each other by ligaments. Organs are protected by the skeleton. The

brain is protected by skull and the heart, liver and lungs are protected by the rib and sternum.

• The arms consists of 3 main bones and 15 other little ones.

• The humerus bone (above elbow to shoulder)• The ulna bone (below elbow to hand)• The radius bone (below elbow to hand)

arms

The Spine

The spine has 33 vertebrae, the spine is not straight the vertebrae forms an s-shape. there are three main parts of the spine ,they are the cervical, thoracic and the lumbar. In the centre of the spine is the spinal cord.

hands: There are 27 bones and 5 fingers in each hand. Fingers are also called digits. The hand is

very flexible with lots of joints. The thumb is the most flexible thanks to the saddle joint.

hands

What are bones made of?

Bones are made of calcium, mineral salt, cells and living parts your body. They are also made of stringlike material called the collagen. Bones are a place for minerals to store. Bones have a red and yellow tube called the marrow. The marrow is a tube that makes red blood cells to replace the destroyed and worn out ones. The marrow also stores fat and sugar. An average of 2.6 million red blood cells are made every second by the marrow. The outer layer is called hard bone, the spongy bone is a honeycomb of bones cells with spaces between them.

The Ribcage

The ribs the spine and the sternum combine to make up the ribcage. The sternum forms the front of the rib cage. There are two pairs of floating ribs; floating ribs are ribs that only connect to the backbone. The ribs are thin bones that curve around your chest. The manubrium the top of the sternum.

What are the possible diseases?• Osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a disease in the loss of bone

tissue.• Rickets. Rickets is a disorder caused by a lack of vitamin D,

calcium, or phosphate. It leads to softening and weakening of the bones.

• Arthritis . There are more than 100 diseases of arthritis. Victims of arthritis suffer pain, stiffness, and swelling in their joints.

• Osteoarthritis is the loss of the joints that becomes more common with age. The knees and hands are most often affected, with pain and stiffness

What does the system work with other systems?

The skeleton is the main structure; it gives the shape and goodness of the body. With no

skeleton, the body and its muscles would be a tissue on the floor. Muscles attach to some bones which allows you to move your arms, legs, etc. with no skeleton muscle could not act. The skeleton also allows tunnels for the

circulatory vessels and nerves to move.

Legs

• The human leg consists of 8 bones, 4 per leg. The leg’s main function in the human is for support of the rest of the body. The leg extends from just below the pelvic girdle to the ankle.

• The femur bone• The tibia bone• The fibula bone• The patella bone

What’s the strongest bone?

The strongest bone in the body is the femur bone. The femur bone is the longest and largest bone in the human body. Made to

provide stability and strength. The femur is a solid and dense bone that makes up most of the leg. Your height is roughly four times the

femur.

Most sensitive bones?

• The most sensitive bones in the human body are the.

• hips• shoulders• spine• thighs• sternum• and skull.

Did you know?

That giraffes and humans have the same amount of bones in there necks giraffes just have much longer ones!

Did you know? That the funny bone isn’t actually a bone it’s a nerve, located in elbow close to the humerus bone and that's how it got it’s name.

That you are born with 300 bone s and as you grow they join together to make 206 bones.

Fractures There are many fractures.

• Complete fracture• Green stick• Single fracture• Comminuted fracture • Bowing fracture• Open fracture

Joints We can bend, swivel, stretch, pivot, and point. Our bodies

can perform more than one kind of motion because we have joints.

• You have over 230 moveable and semi-moveable joints in your body.

• There’s the hinge • ball and socket • gliding joint. • Plan joint • Saddle joint• Candyloid joint

bibliography• http://library.thinkquest.org/J002557F/bones.htm• http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/DISEASE.HTML• http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5621557_skeletal-works-other-body-

systems.html• http://www.google.com.au/imghp?ie=UTF-8&hl=en&tab=wi• http://www.infovisual.info/• http://www.spinal.com.au/information/about-the-spine/• http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML• http://www.ehow.com/facts_5472799_major-parts-skeletal-system.html• See inside the human body

The end

Now for the quiz