skill classification
DESCRIPTION
Skill Classification. Three ways of classifying skills: Fine or Gross (some skills include both) Discrete, Continuous or Serial Open or Closed. Fine. Involves small muscle groups For performing fine tasks Examples – darts, marbles, handwriting. Gross. Involves large muscle groups - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Three ways of classifying skills:
Fine or Gross (some skills include both)Discrete, Continuous or SerialOpen or Closed
Skill Classification
FineInvolves small muscle groupsFor performing fine tasksExamples – darts, marbles, handwriting
GrossInvolves large muscle groupsOften involved the whole bodyExamples – swimming, somersault, boxing
DiscreteHas a distinct start and finishExamples – throwing, punching, a kick
ContinuousA skill that has no distinct beginning or endExamples – dribble in basketball, running,
skiing
SerialA series of discrete skills performed in a
defined order to perform a continuous skillExamples – serving in tennis, a vault in
gymnastics (i.e.. Run-up, take-off, pre-flight, support, post-flight, landing)
ClosedThe performer is in complete control of the
sequence and timing of the skillExamples – archery, golf swing,
handstand
OpenThe timing depends upon factors the
performer cannot control. Eg oppositionExamples – tackling in rugby, sailing,
surfing
TYPES OF PRACTICE Massed or Distributed practice
Massed practice: The learner continues practicing until the skill is learned
Distributed practice: The students learn the skill in short, frequent practice sessions interspersed with rest intervals or intervals of alternate skill learning, e.g. juggling for 10 minutes then resting for 1 hour.
Whole or Part Learning
Whole Learning: The skill is taught in it’s entirety. It is suggested that this is best for highly motivated or highly skilled performers
Part Learning: The skill is broken down into its sub-routines and these are taught separately. This is normally suggested when in the early stages of learning, when energy demands are high or when motivation is low
You can also combine these and have whole-part learning where you try the skill as a whole then go back and practice parts before combining again
Drill or Problem-solving
Drill: Learning through repetition. This is often regarded as better for closed skills. • shadow practice• solo practice• partner practice• group practice• conditioned games
Drill or Problem-solving
Problem-solving: Learning through investigation and discovery. This can be particularly good for open skills, where the conditions can vary.• Offensive plays• Defensive formations