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SKRIPSI
PETA POTENSI LAHAN HUTAN DI KOTA PATI
Oleh:
DYAH AYU SUBAGYO
2011-51-106
SKRIPSI DIAJUKAN SEBAGAI SALAH SATU SYARAT UNTUK
MEMPEROLEH GELAR SARJANA KOMPUTER
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS MURIA KUDU
2015
SKRIPSI
PETA POTENSI LAHAN HUTAN DI KOTA PATI
Oleh:
DYAH AYU SUBAGYO
2011-51-106
SKRIPSI DIAJUKAN SEBAGAI SALAH SATU SYARAT UNTUK
MEMPEROLEH GELAR SARJANA KOMPUTER
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS MURIA KUDUS
2015
ABSTRACT
Forest is a natural resource that can be updated, so that it can provide sustainable
benefits. Maintaining forest functions as a biological ecosystem is a principle that
should be adhered to in the implementation of forest management forest According to
the function has a basic function as protection of life support systems to manage the
water, prevent flooding, erosion control, to prevent the intrusion of sea water and
maintaining soil fertility. Information on forest resources in Pati still less integrated
according to the needs of the parties involved, as well as less renewable .System
Geographic Information (GIS Geographic Information System abbreviated) is a
specialized information system that manages data have spatial information. In
addition, the existence of GIS aims to assist local governments in the search for
potential maps of forest land suitable based on the type of plant, area, and oxygen
levels by age of planting. Making grooves process with UML (Unified Modelling
Language), the input data and design a user interface for the application.
Keywords: forest, GIS, Unified Modelling Language
ABSTRAK
Hutan merupakan sumberdaya alam yang dapat diperbarui, sehingga dapat
memberikan manfaat secara lestari. Mempertahankan fungsi hutan sebagai suatu
ekosistem hayati merupakan prinsip yang perlu ditaati dalam pelaksanaan
pengelolaan hutan Menurut fungsinya hutan mempunyai fungsi pokok sebagai
perlindungan sistem penyangga kehidupan untuk mengatur tata air, mencegah banjir,
mengendalikan erosi, mencegah intrusi air laut dan memelihara kesuburan tanah.
Informasi mengenai potensi sumber daya hutan di Kota Pati masih kurang terintegrasi
sesuai dengan kebutuhan para pihak yang terlibat, serta kurang terbarukan .Sistem
Informasi Geografis (Geographic Information System disingkat GIS) adalah sistem
informasi khusus yang mengelola data yang memiliki informasi spasial. Disamping
itu, adanya GIS ini bertujuan untuk membantu pemda dalam pencarian peta potensi
lahan hutan yang sesuai berdasarkan jenis tanaman, luas wilayah, dan kadar oksigen
berdasarkan usia tanam. Pembuatan alur-alur proses dengan UML (Unified Modelling
Language), input data dan mendesain tampilan antarmuka untuk pengguna aplikasi
tersebut.
Kata kunci : hutan , GIS, Unified Modelling Language
KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT karena atas rahmat dan hidayahNya penulis mampu
menyelesaikan penyusunan skripsi ini dengan judul “Peta Potensi Lahan Hutan di
Kota Pati”.
Skripsi ini disusun guna melengkapi salah satu persyaratan untuk memperoleh
Gelar Kesarjanaan Progam Studi Teknik Informatika Fakultas Teknik Universitas
Muria Kudus. Kiranya dalam penyusunan skripsi ini tidak akan terselesaikan dengan
baik tanpa bantuan dari berbagai pihak. Untuk itu pada kesempatan ini penulis
mengucapkan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya, penghargaan yang setinggi-
tingginya dan permohonan maaf atas segala kesalahan yang pernah penulis lakukan
kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu dalam penyelesaian skripsi ini, terutama
kepada :
1. Bapak Dr. Suparnyo,SH.MS , selaku Rektor Universitas Muria Kudus.
2. Bapak Rochmad Winarso, ST, MT, selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik Universitas
Muria Kudus.
3. Bapak Ahmad Jazuli, M.Kom, selaku Ketua Program Studi Teknik Informatika
Universitas Muria Kudus.
4. Ibu Rizkysari Meimaharani,S.Kom, M.Kom, selaku pembimbing Skripsi penulis.
5. Bapak Arief Susanto, ST, M.Kom, selaku pembimbing Skripsi penulis.
6. Orang tua dan serta kakak-kakakku, yang selalu memberikan semangat serta doa.
7. Semua pihak yang telah membantu penyusunan skripsi ini yang tidak bisa penulis
sebutkan satu persatu.
Penulis menyadari sepenuhnya bahwa dalam penyusunan skripsi ini masih
terdapat banyak kekurangan, untuk itu penulis mengharap kritik dan saran dari
berbagai pihak untuk sempurnanya sebuah karya tulis. Selain itu penulis juga
berharap semoga karya tulis ini dapat memberikan manfaat bagi semua.
Kudus, 18 Agustus 2015
Penulis
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN SAMPUL ......................................................................................... i
HALAMAN JUDUL ............................................................................................. ii
PENGESAHAN STATUS SKRIPSI ................................................................... iii
PERNYATAAN PENULIS .................................................................................. iv
PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI ................................................................................... v
PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI .................................................................................... vi
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... vii
ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................... viii
KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... x
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ xiii
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................. xv
DAFTAR .............................................................................................................. xvi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................... 1
1.1. Latar Belakang .................................................................................. 1
1.2. Batasan Masalah ................................................................................ 2
1.3. Rumusan Masalah .............................................................................. 2
1.4. Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................... 2
1.5. Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................................. 2
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ........................................................................... 5
2.1 Penelitian terkait ............................................................................. 5
2.2 Landasan Teori .............................................................................. 6
2.2.1 Data ...................................................................................... 6
2.2.2 Pengertian Hutan .................................................................. 6
2.2.3 Karakteristik tanaman jati ..................................................... 7
2.2.4 Kebutuhan tanaman akan oksigen ........................................ 7
2.2.5 Google Map API .................................................................. 8
2.2.6 Pengenalan Sistem Informasi Geografis ............................... 8
2.2.7 SIG ........................................................................................ 9
2.3 Design Perancangan ....................................................................... 10
2.3.1 UML ..................................................................................... 10
2.3.2 Use Case Diagram ................................................................. 10
2.3.3 Activity Diagram .................................................................. 11
2.3.4 Squence Diagram .................................................................. 12
2.3.5 Class Diagram ....................................................................... 13
2.4 Tools yang Digunakan .................................................................. 14
2.4.1 PHP (Hipertext Prepocessor) ................................................. 14
2.4.2 Java Script ........................................................................... 15
2.4.3 MySQL .................................................................................. 15
2.4.4 CSS ....................................................................................... 15
2.4.5 JQuery ................................................................................... 16
2.4.6 Ajax .................................................................................... 17
2.4.7 HTML ................................................................................... 17
2.4.8 Kerangka Pemikiran ............................................................. 18
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ...................................................................... 19
3.1 Study Literature .............................................................................. 19
3.2 Pengumpulan Data dan Analisis ..................................................... 19
3.3 Metode Pengerjaan ......................................................................... 19
BAB IV ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN ..................................................... 21
4.1 Analisa Masalah ............................................................................... 21
4.1.1 Analisa sistem yang sedang berjalan ..................................... 21
4.1.1.1 Pendataan ..................................................................... 21
4.1.1.2 Identifikasi permasalahan ............................................ 21
4.1.2 Analisa sistem yang diusulkan .............................................. 22
4.1.2.1 Rencana proses ............................................................. 22
4.1.2.2 Kendala yang dihadapi ................................................ 23
4.1.2.3 Rekapitulasi .................................................................. 23
4.1.3 Analisa kebutuhan sistem ...................................................... 23
4.1.3.1 Analisa kebutuhan hardware ....................................... 23
4.1.3.2 Analisa kebutuhan software .......................................... 24
4.1.3.3 Analisa kebutuhan brainware ....................................... 24
4.2 Perancangan ................................................................................... 24
4.2.1 Perancangan sistem .............................................................. 24
4.2.2. Sistem Use Case .................................................................... 25
4.2.3. Activity Diagram ................................................................... 25
4.2.4. Squence Diagram ................................................................. 29
4.2.5. Class Diagram ........................................................................ 34
4.3 Perancangan Database ................................................................... 39
4.3.1. Perancangan Design Interface ............................................... 43
4.3.2. Design Input Output ............................................................. 43
BAB V IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM .................................................................... 47
5.1 Implementasi Basis Data ................................................................. 47
5.2 Implementasi Sistem ....................................................................... 51
5.3 Pengujian Sistem ............................................................................. 60
BAB VI PENUTUP ............................................................................................. 63
6.1 Kesimpulan ..................................................................................... 63
6.2 Saran .............................................................................................. 63
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Kerangka Pemikiran ........................................................................ 18
Gambar 3.1 Metodologi Waterfall ........................................................................ 20
Gambar 4.1 Sistem Use Case ................................................................................ 25
Gambar 4.2 Activity untuk Login ........................................................................ 26
Gambar 4.3 Activity untuk Kadar Oksigen ......................................................... 26
Gambar 4.4 Activity untuk Tambah Manual ....................................................... 27
Gambar 4.5 Activity untuk Manage Data ............................................................ 27
Gambar 4.6 Activity untuk Jenis Hutan ............................................................... 28
Gambar 4.7 Activity untuk Penanaman ............................................................... 28
Gambar 4.8 Activity untuk Report ....................................................................... 29
Gambar 4.9 Sequence Diagram Login ................................................................ 30
Gambar 4.10 Sequence Diagram Kadar Oksigen ................................................ 30
Gambar 4.11 Sequence Diagram Tambah Manual .............................................. 31
Gambar 4.12 Sequence DiagramManage Data .................................................... 31
Gambar 4.13 Sequence Diagram Jenis Hutan ..................................................... 32
Gambar 4.14 Sequence Diagram Penanaman ...................................................... 33
Gambar 4.15 Sequence Diagram Report ............................................................. 34
Gambar 4.16 Class User ...................................................................................... 34
Gambar 4.17 Class Klasifikasi ............................................................................. 35
Gambar 4.18 Class Tipe Kontur .......................................................................... 35
Gambar 4.19 Class Status Hutan ......................................................................... 36
Gambar 4.20 Class Jenis ..................................................................................... 36
Gambar 4.21 Class Identifikasi Tanaman ........................................................... 36
Gambar 4.22 Class Lokasi .................................................................................. 37
Gambar 4.23 Class Oksigen Tanaman ............................................................... 37
Gambar 4.24 Class Tanaman Hutan .................................................................. 37
Gambar 4.25 Class Kecamatan ........................................................................... 38
Gambar 4.26 Class Diagram Peta Hutan ........................................................... 39
Gambar 4.27 Design Form Login ....................................................................... 43
Gambar 4.28 Form Menu Utama Admin .......................................................... 43
Gambar 4.29 Form Menu Utama User .............................................................. 44
Gambar 4.30 Form Menu Utama Kepala ............................................................ 45
Gambar 4.31 Form Manage User ........................................................................ 45
Gambar 4.32 Form Data Klasifikasi ................................................................... 46
Gambar 4. 33 Form Menu Help User.................................................................. 46
Gambar 5.1 gambar Tabel user .......................................................................... 47
Gambar 5.2 gambar tabel lokasi .......................................................................... 47
Gambar 5.3 gambar Tabel Klasifikasi ................................................................ 48
Gambar 5.4 gambar Tabel Tipe ........................................................................... 48
Gambar 5.5 gambar Tabel Status ......................................................................... 48
Gambar 5.6 gambar Tabel Jenis ........................................................................... 48
Gambar 5.7 gambar Tabel Tanaman .................................................................... 49
Gambar 5.8 gambar Tabel Oksigen ..................................................................... 49
Gambar 5.9 gambar Tabel Identifikasi................................................................. 49
Gambar 5.10 gambar Tabel kecamatan ................................................................ 50
Gambar 5. 11 gambar Relasi Antar Tabel ............................................................ 50
Gambar 5.12 login ke sistem hosting ................................................................... 51
Gambar 5.13 pilihan paket Hosting ..................................................................... 52
Gambar 5.14 memasukkan domain dan password ............................................... 52
Gambar 5.15 konfirmasi order ............................................................................. 53
Gambar 5.16 Hosting Berhasil ............................................................................. 53
Gambar 5.17 pilihan upload file ke web .............................................................. 54
Gambar 5.18 tampilan file manager 1 .................................................................. 54
Gambar 5.19 Web bassed FTP Client ................................................................... 55
Gambar 5.20 upload file ........................................................................................ 55
Gambar 5.21 database hostinger ........................................................................... 56
Gambar 5,22 upload database ............................................................................... 56
Gambar 5.23 upload data base sukses ................................................................... 57
Gambar 5.24 Halaman Login ................................................................................ 57
Gambar 5.25 menu utama admin .......................................................................... 58
Gambar 5.26form tampilan tambah manual.......................................................... 58
Gambar 5.27 form tampilan menu manage data ................................................... 59
Gambar 5.28 menu utama user.............................................................................. 59
Gambar 5.29 menu utama pimpinan ..................................................................... 60
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 : Notasi Use Case ................................................................................. 10
Tabel 2.2 : Notasi Activity Diagram .................................................................... 11
Tabel 2.3 : Notasi Squence Diagram .................................................................... 12
Tabel 2.4 : Notasi Class Diagram ........................................................................ 13
Tabel 4.1 : Tabel User Administrator ................................................................... 37
Tabel 4.2 : Tabel Lokasi ....................................................................................... 38
Tabel 4.3 : Tabel Klasifikasi ................................................................................. 38
Tabel 4.4 : Tabel Tipe ........................................................................................... 38
Tabel 4.5 : Tabel Status ........................................................................................ 38
Tabel 4.6 : Tabel Jenis ......................................................................................... 39
Tabel 4.7 : Tabel Tanaman ................................................................................... 39
Tabel 4.8 : Tabel Oksigen .................................................................................... 39
Tabel 4.9 : Tabel Identifikasi Hutan ..................................................................... 40
Tabel 4.9 : Tabel Kecamatan ................................................................................ 40
Tabel 5.1 : Proses Pengujian Login....................................................................... 58
Tabel 5.2 : Data Lokasi ........................................................................................ 59
Tabel 5.3 : Data Oksigen ...................................................................................... 59
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1 : Biodata
Lampiran 2 :Konsultasi Skripsi